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{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Ningxiang
| native_name        = 宁乡市
| native_name_lang   = zh-Hans
| other_name         = Ningsiang; Ninghsiang
| settlement_type    = [[County-level city]]
| image_skyline      = RT-MART in downtown Ningxiang, Hunan, China, picture2.jpg
| image_map          = ChinaChangshaNingxiang.png
| map_caption        = Location of Ningxiang City within Changsha
| pushpin_map        = China Hunan
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Hunan
| coordinates        = {{coord|28.278|N|112.552|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-43_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| coor_pinpoint      = Ningxiang government
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[China|People's Republic of China]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Province (China)|Province]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Hunan]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Changsha]]
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 627 ([[Tang dynasty|Tang]][[Emperor Taizong of Tang|Zhenguan]])
| seat               = [[Yutan Subdistrict|Yutan]]
| leader_title       = [[Communist Party Secretary]]
| leader_name        = Yu Xinfan ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|于新凡}})
| leader_title1      = Chairman of [[National People's Congress|Ningxiang People's Congress]]
| leader_name1       = He Yinghui ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|贺应辉}})<ref>{{cite news|url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2015/01/14/3575265.htm |script-title=zh:宁乡县十六届人大四次会议开幕 |newspaper=Red.net|date= 2015-01-14|location=Changsha}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 2906
| population_total   = 1368117<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nxgov.com/zfmh/tmzf/tjsj/zxtjbgnj/content_62557.html |script-title=zh:宁乡县第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 |newspaper=Ningxiang Government |date=2012-08-30 |language=zh |access-date=2015-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411191316/http://www.nxgov.com/zfmh/tmzf/tjsj/zxtjbgnj/content_62557.html |archive-date=2015-04-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_as_of   = August 2012
| population_density_km2 = auto
| website            = {{URL|www.nxgov.com/zfmh/index.html}}
| footnotes          = 
| parts_type         = [[Township-level division]]s
| parts              = 4 subdistricts, 21 towns, 8 townships, and 1 district
| motto              = 
| leader_title2      = Mayor
| leader_name2       = Fu Xuming ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|付旭明}})
| leader_title3      = Chairman of CPPCC Ningxiang Committee
| leader_name3       = Deng Jieping ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|邓杰平}})
| elevation          = 
| elevation_min_m    = 127.2
| elevation_max_m    = 884
| population_ratio   = 
| density_urban      = 
| density_metropolitan = 
| timezone           = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset         = +8
| area_code          = [[Telephone numbers in China|(0)731]]
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
| postal_code        = 410600
| ISO3166            = 
}}

'''Ningxiang''' ({{zh|c=|s=宁乡市 |t=寧鄕市 |p=Níngxiāng Shì |l=peaceful home}}) is a [[county-level city]] and the [[List of County-level divisions of Hunan by population|2nd most populous county-level division]] in the [[Provinces of China|Province]] of [[Hunan]], China; it is under the administration of the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Changsha]]. The city is bordered to the north by [[Heshan District, Yiyang|Heshan District]] of [[Yiyang]] and [[Taojiang County]], to the west by [[Anhua County]] and [[Lianyuan|Lianyuan City]], to the south by [[Louxing District]] of [[Loudi]], [[Xiangxiang|Xiangxiang City]], [[Shaoshan|Shaoshan City]] and [[Yuhu District]] of [[Xiangtan]], to the east by [[Yuelu District|Yuelu]] and [[Wangcheng District]]s. Located in the central east of Hunan Province, Ningxiang covers {{convert|2,906|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}<ref name="year2014"/> with a registered population of 1,393,528 and a resident population of 1,218,400 (as of 2014).<ref name="year2014">{{cite web |url=http://www.cstj.gov.cn/tjnj/2015/ |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:长沙统计年鉴2015 |publisher=Changsha Bureau of Statistics}}</ref> The city has 4 [[subdistricts of China|subdistricts]], 21 [[towns of China|towns]] and 4 [[townships of China|townships]] under its jurisdiction, its [[administrative centre]] is at [[Yutan Subdistrict]] ({{zh|s=玉潭街道 |hp=|labels=no}}).<ref name="divison2015">{{cite web |url=http://www.changshamca.gov.cn/tongzhigonggao/14188.htm |website=changshamca.gov |date=2015-11-27 |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:《长沙市人民政府关于调整望城区部分乡镇区划的通知》 |access-date=2017-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114233152/http://www.changshamca.gov.cn/tongzhigonggao/14188.htm |archive-date=2016-11-14 |url-status=dead }}, {{cite web |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2015/12/04/3856256.htm |website=rednet |date=2015-11-19 |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:《湖南省民政厅关于同意长沙市望城区乡镇区划调整方案的批复》(湘民行发〔2015〕39号) }}, also see: {{cite web |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2015/12/03/3854984.htm |website=rednet |date=2015-12-03 |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:《长沙正式对有关区县市下发通知调整乡镇行政区划》 }}</ref>

The most famous historic resident was [[Liu Shaoqi]], who lived in Ningxiang from 1898 until 1920, before he went to [[Beijing]] as [[President of the People's Republic of China|President]].

The city is famous for its tourism as the home of attractions like [[He Shuheng's Former Residence]], [[Xie Juezai's Former Residence]], [[Liu Shaoqi's Former Residence]], [[Baiyun Temple (Ningxiang)|Baiyun Temple]], [[Miyin Temple]], and [[Puji Temple (Ningxiang County)|Puji Temple]].

==Archeology==
Ningxiang was a site of spectacular Shang archaeological finds<ref>Cambridge History of Ancient China, 1999:209</ref>

In 2004, a Chinese team excavated ruins from the [[Western Zhou]] period (11th century-771BC) at [[Tanheli Site|Tanheli]]. The findings were of a city site that included two large yellow earth artificial building sites and two even larger sites that may have been palace dwellings. Remnants of moats were found both inside and outside the city. In the highlands outside the city were excavated seven small tombs for nobles and lords which contained many [[bronze]] culture implements as well as those made of [[jade]]. The site was listed in [[Beijing]] as one of the top ten archeological discoveries of 2004.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/Archaeology/149496.htm#5
|title=Ruins from the Western Zhou Period, Tanheli, Ningxiang County, Hunan Province
|publisher=www.china.org
|access-date=2008-01-28
}}
</ref>
[[File:Bronze square ding (cauldron) with human faces 02.jpg|thumb|250px|The [[Da He ding|Da He ''ding'']], a [[Shang dynasty]] bronze [[Ding (vessel)|''ding'']] vessel decorated with a human face, unearthed at Zhaizishan, [[Huangcai|Huangcai Town]], Ningxiang County in 1959, and displayed at the [[Hunan Provincial Museum]].]]
[[File:四羊方尊.jpg|thumb|250px|The [[Four-goat Square Zun|''Siyangfangzun'']], a ''[[zun]]'' vessel of the later Shang Dynasty discovered by Jiang Jingsu ({{zh | t=| s=姜景舒| hp=|labels=no}}) and his other two brothers in April 1938 at Zhuanerlun hillside ({{zh | t=| s=转耳仑山腰| hp=|labels=no}}), [[Huangcai|Huangcai town]], Ningxiang County, and displayed at the [[National Museum of China]].]]

==History==
Human habitation in Ningxiang dates back to ancient times. The earliest archaeological remains so far unearthed are the [[Four-goat Square Zun]] and Dahe Renmianwen Square Ding from [[Tanheli|Tanheli site]] at [[Huangcai|Huangcai Town]], dating back to the late [[Shang dynasty]] (11th&ndash;10th century BC).
In the [[Warring States period|Warring States]] (475&ndash;221 BC) period, Ningxiang was under the jurisdiction of Qianzhongjun ({{zh|s=黔中郡|hp=|labels=no}}) of [[Chu (state)|Chu State]] (1115&ndash;223 BC).<ref name="booknxsd111222"/>

After conquering all the states, Emperor [[Qin Shi Huang]] implemented the system of prefectures and counties in 221 BC. Ningxiang belonged to Changshajun ({{zh|s=长沙郡|hp=|labels=no}}).<ref name="booknxsd111222"/>

In the [[Han dynasty]] (202 BC&ndash;220 AD), Ningxiang was under the jurisdiction of [[Yiyang County, Jiangxi|Yiyang County]] and [[Xiangyin County]].<ref name="booknxsd111222"/>

In the [[Three Kingdoms]] period (220&ndash;280), king of [[Eastern Wu|Wu State]] (222&ndash;280), [[Sun Quan]], seized [[Jingzhou]], Ningxiang came under the jurisdiction of Wu State. In 257, the imperial court set up the Xinkang County, and Changqiao (now Hengshi) became the seat of the county administration.<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

In the [[Tang dynasty]] (618&ndash;907), the imperial court established a granary in today's [[Laoliangcang|Laoliangcang Town]]. [[Buddhism]] was introduced into Ningxiang some time in the 9th century. According to ''Wu Deng Hui Yuan'' ({{zh|s=《五灯会元》|hp=|labels=no}}), in 806, the prime minister [[Pei Xiu (Tang dynasty)|Pei Xiu]] submitted a written statement to the imperial court, which was approved to found the [[Miyin Temple]] at the foot of Mount Wei. His son, Pei Wende ({{zh|s=裴文德|hp=|labels=no}}), a former [[zhuangyuan]], received ordination as a monk with the [[Dharma name]] of "Jinshan Fahai" ({{zh|s=金山法海|hp=|labels=no}}). The character of Fahai in the ''[[Legend of the White Snake]]'' is based on him. Liu Dui, the first [[Imperial examination|jinshi]] in the history of Ningxiang, also known as "jinshi of Ningxiang for the first time" ({{zh |s=破天荒进士|hp=|labels=no}}).<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

In the 2nd year of Tiancheng Period (927) of the [[Later Tang dynasty]] (923&ndash;936), the King of Chu, [[Ma Yin]], founded the Chu Kingdom (927&ndash;963). He set up three counties of [[Yiyang]], Changsha and [[Xiangxiang]] in Ningxiang area. Xinkangyi ({{zh|s=新康驿|hp=|labels=no}}) was renamed [[Yutan Subdistrict|Yutan Town]], when it has a pond like a jade.<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

In the [[Song dynasty]] (960&ndash;1279), [[Yi Fu]], the first Ningxiang people won the title of "wenzhuangyuan" ({{zh|s=文状元|hp=|labels=no}}), and he was appointed as the title of "Founding Man of Ningxiang" ({{zh|s=宁乡开国男|hp=|labels=no}}).<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

In the early [[Yuan dynasty]] (1271&ndash;1368), Ningxiang came under the jurisdiction of [[Tanzhou Prefecture (Hunan)|Tanzhou]] ({{zh|s=潭州 |hp=|labels=no}}), and then under the jurisdiction of Tanzhoulu ({{zh|s=潭州路 |hp=|labels=no}}).<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

In June of the 5th year of [[Zhu Yuanzhang|Hongwu Period]] (1372) of the [[Ming dynasty]] (1368&ndash;1644), Tanzhou was renamed as Changshafu ({{zh|s=长沙府 |hp=|labels=no}}), and Ningxiang under its jurisdiction.<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

In the 4th year of [[Shunzhi Emperor|Shunzhi Period]] (1647) of the [[Qing dynasty]] (1644&ndash;1911), Gao Shijun ({{zh|s=高士浚|hp=|labels=no}}) led his army to conquer Changsha and Ningxiang was incorporated into the territory of Qing Empire. Changshafu was set up, affiliated to Hu-Guang province and possessed 12 counties, including Ningxiang. In the late Qing dynasty, Zhu Yidian ({{zh|s=朱衣点|hp=|labels=no}}) joined the [[Taiping Army]] in Zhushi Bridge with his troops, he had fought many battles in [[Jiangxi]], [[Zhejiang]] and [[Fujian]], and was awarded the title of "Xiaotian Yiwang" ({{zh|s=孝天义王|hp=|labels=no}}) and "Fuchao Tianjun" ({{zh|s=扶朝天军|hp=|labels=no}}).<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

In 1922, Ningxiang belonged to Hunan province.<ref name="booknxsd111222" />

On June 18, 1944, Changsha was captured by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]]. The Imperial Japanese Army attacked Ningxiang from Yiyang and Qiaokou ({{zh|s=乔口|hp=|labels=no}}), a battalion of 58th Division of 74th Army of the [[Chinese Nationalist Army]] held the [[Wei River (Hunan)|Wei River]] bank, they blazed away at the enemy until the supplies were exhausted. They fought hand to hand with the enemy, but they were practically wiped out in the battle, known as the "Battle of Hill of Du Family" ({{zh|s=血战杜家山|hp=|labels=no}}).<ref name="booknxsd111222"/>

On February 9, 1949, Jiang Yaxun ({{zh|s=姜亚勋 |hp=|labels=no}}) and Li Shiqiu ({{zh|s=李石秋|hp=|labels=no}}) led the Huang-Tang Uprising ({{zh|s=黄唐起义 |hp=|labels=no}}) in both towns of Huangcai and Tangshi. They published the ''Letter to the People of Central Hunan'' ({{zh|s=告湘中人民书|hp=|labels=no}}) and the ''Open Letter to Cheng Qian'' ({{zh|s=致程潜的公开信|hp=|labels=no}}). On August 4, Ningxiang was liberated by the 436th Regiment of 146th Division of 49th Army of the PLA 4th Field Army, which was led by Cui Rongtai ({{zh|s=崔荣泰|hp=|labels=no}}) and Wang Qiao ({{zh|s=王侨|hp=|labels=no}}). On August 27, the People's Government of Ningxiang County was set up.<ref name="booknxsd111222"/>

After the establishment of the Communist State in October 1949, Ningxiang was under the jurisdiction of Yiyang ''Zhuanqu'' ({{zh|s=益阳专区|l=Yiyang Special Administrative Region|labels=no}}). From 1952 to November 1962, Ningxiang belonged to ''Xiangtan Zhuanqu'' ({{zh|s=湘潭专区|l=Xiangtan Special Administrative Region|labels=no}}), and then belonged to Yiyang ''Zhuanqu'' till June 1983, while the county was under jurisdiction of Changsha.<ref name="booknxsd111222">{{cite book |author1=Huang Haichao|author2=Jiang Hongzhao|script-title=zh:宁乡史地|trans-title=History and geography of Ningxiang|year=2002|publisher=Nanfang Publishing House|location=[[Hainan]]|isbn=7-80660-538-X|language =zh}}</ref>

In 2017, Ningxiang was upgraded to a [[county-level city]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.ifeng.com/a/20170412/50926065_0.shtml |script-title=zh:重磅！国务院批准宁乡撤县改市！|newspaper=iFeng |date=2017-04-12 |language=zh}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Kuang Chunlin |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2017/04/13/4264631.htm |script-title=zh:国务院批准宁乡撤县设市 由湖南省直辖长沙市代管|newspaper=rednet |date=2017-04-13 |language=zh}}</ref>

== Administrative division ==
According to the result on adjustment of township-level administrative divisions of Ningxiang county on November 19, 2015,<ref name="divison2015"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2015/12/04/3856266.htm |website=rednet |date=2015-12-04 |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:《湖南省民政厅关于同意宁乡县乡镇区划调整方案的批复》(湘民行发〔2015〕40号)}} also see: {{cite web |url=http://hn.people.com.cn/n/2015/1203/c195194-27233244.html |website=rednet |date=2015-12-03 |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:《长沙昨日下发通知调整乡镇行政区划 合并乡镇20个》}}</ref> [[Fengmuqiao Township|Fengmuqiao township]] and [[Xieleqiao|Xieleqiao town]] merged to [[Huitang|Huitang town]], [[Nantianping Township|Nantianping township]] merged to [[Batang, Ningxiang|Batang town]], [[Zhuliangqiao Township|Zhuliangqiao township]] merged to [[Shuangjiangkou|Shuangjiangkou town]], Ningxiang county has 4 townships, 21 towns and 4 subdistricts under its jurisdiction.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name !! Chinese character!! Population (2005)  !! Area (Km2) !! Note
|-
|   [[Qingshanqiao Town, Ningxiang|Qingshanqiao]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=青山桥镇| hp=|labels=no}}|| 49,000   ||  71.8     ||
|-
|   [[Liushahe]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=流沙河镇| hp=|labels=no}}  || 69,000    ||  140.57    ||
|-
|   [[Yutan Subdistrict]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=玉潭街道| hp=|labels=no}}   || 200,000    ||  20    ||
|-
|   [[Daolin]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=道林镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  56,000   ||    135  ||
|-
|   [[Huaminglou]]  || {{zh | t=| s=花明楼镇| hp=|labels=no}}    ||  51,000   ||    112.4  ||
|-
|   [[Donghutang]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=东湖塘镇| hp=|labels=no}}  ||  47,000   ||   138   ||
|-
|   [[Xiaduopu]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=夏铎铺镇| hp=|labels=no}}  ||   37,000  ||  103.4    ||
|-
|   [[Xieleqiao]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=偕乐桥镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  21,000   ||   72.5   ||
|-
|   [[Shuangfupu]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=双凫铺镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  47,000   ||   62.9   ||
|-
|   [[Meitanba]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=煤炭坝镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  53,000   ||   73.4   ||
|-
|   [[Batang, Ningxiang|Batang]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=坝塘镇| hp=|labels=no}}  ||   41,000  ||    107  ||
|-
|   [[Huitang]]  || {{zh | t=| s=灰汤镇 | hp=|labels=no}}   || 23,000    ||  43    ||
|-
|   [[Shuangjiangkou]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=双江口镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||   38,000  || 89.5     ||
|-
|   [[Laoliangcang]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=老粮仓镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  63,000   ||   121.8   ||
|-
|   [[Xiangzikou]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=巷子口镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||   42,000  ||   105.8   ||
|-
|   [[Longtian, Ningxiang|Longtian]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=龙田镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||   21,000  ||    72.5  ||
|-
|   [[Hengshi, Hunan|Hengshi]]  || {{zh | t=| s=横市镇 | hp=|labels=no}}   ||  50,000   ||   123   ||
|-
|   [[Huilongpu]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=回龙铺镇| hp=|labels=no}}  ||   37,000  ||    71.8  ||
|-
|   [[Huangcai]]  ||{{zh | t=| s=黄材镇| hp=|labels=no}}     ||  62,000   ||  220    ||
|-
|   [[Jinzhou, Ningxiang|Jinzhou]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=金洲镇| hp=|labels=no}}   ||    31,000 ||   62.1   ||
|-
|   [[Dachengqiao]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=大成桥乡| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  43,000   ||   106.2   ||
|-
|   [[Zhuliangqiao Township]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=朱良桥乡| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  33,000   ||   82.72   ||
|-
|   [[Jinghuapu Township]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=菁华铺乡| hp=|labels=no}}   ||   32,000  ||   65.8   ||
|-
|   [[Nantianping Township]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=南田坪乡| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  27,000   ||    64  ||
|-
|   [[Zifu]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=资福镇| hp=|labels=no}}  ||   38,000  ||   87.4   ||
|-
|   [[Fengmuqiao Township]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=枫木桥乡| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  38,000   ||  72.6    ||
|-
|   [[Yujia'ao Township]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=喻家坳乡| hp=|labels=no}}   ||   39,000  ||  96.85    ||
|-
|   [[Shatian Township]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=沙田乡| hp=|labels=no}}   ||   34,000  ||  74.22    ||
|-
|   [[Baimaqiao Subdistrict]]  ||  {{zh | t=| s=白马桥街道| hp=|labels=no}}   ||  50,000   || 22.8     ||
|-
|   [[Lijingpu Subdistrict]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=历经铺街道| hp=|labels=no}}  || 34,000    ||  35    ||
|-
|   [[Chengjiao Subdistrict, Ningxiang|Chengjiao Subdistrict]]  || {{zh | t=| s=城郊街道| hp=|labels=no}}    ||   50,000  ||  22.8    ||
|-
|   [[Weishan Township, Ningxiang|Weishan Township]]  ||   {{zh | t=| s=沩山乡| hp=|labels=no}}  ||    14,000 ||  42.8    ||
|}

==Geography==
Ningxiang County is located in the middle of Hunan province. The county has a total area of {{convert|2903.52|km2}}. The county is bordered by [[Wangcheng District]], to the east, [[Xiangtan County]], to the Southeast, [[Shaoshan]], [[Xiangxiang]], [[Lianyuan]], and [[Loudi]], to the south, [[Anhua County]], to the west, [[Taojiang County]] and [[Yiyang]], to the North.

===Climate===
Ningxiang County is in the monsoon-influenced [[humid subtropical climate]] zone and exhibits four distinct seasons. Spring and fall are warm, while winter is chilly with cold winds. Winter temperatures average around {{convert|5|C|adj=on}}. Summers are very hot and dry with a July daily average of {{convert|29|C|adj=on}}.

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| collapsed = Y
| location = Ningxiang, elevation {{convert|75|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present)
| Jan high C = 8.4
| Feb high C = 11.4
| Mar high C = 15.8
| Apr high C = 22.4
| May high C = 26.8
| Jun high C = 30.0
| Jul high C = 33.4
| Aug high C = 32.6
| Sep high C = 28.3
| Oct high C = 23.0
| Nov high C = 17.3
| Dec high C = 11.2
| Jan mean C = 5.0
| Feb mean C = 7.6
| Mar mean C = 11.7
| Apr mean C = 17.8
| May mean C = 22.4
| Jun mean C = 25.9
| Jul mean C = 29.2
| Aug mean C = 28.3
| Sep mean C = 23.9
| Oct mean C = 18.4
| Nov mean C = 12.8
| Dec mean C = 7.3
| Jan low C = 2.5
| Feb low C = 4.9
| Mar low C = 8.7
| Apr low C = 14.4
| May low C = 18.9
| Jun low C = 22.9
| Jul low C = 25.9
| Aug low C = 25.2
| Sep low C = 20.7
| Oct low C = 15.2
| Nov low C = 9.6
| Dec low C = 4.4
| Jan record high C = 23.9
| Jan record low C = -7.6
| Feb record high C = 29.9
| Feb record low C = -9.3
| Mar record high C = 32.8
| Mar record low C = -2.4
| Apr record high C = 35.7
| Apr record low C = 2.1
| May record high C = 35.7
| May record low C = 9.6
| Jun record high C = 37.6
| Jun record low C = 13.1
| Jul record high C = 39.6
| Jul record low C = 19.4
| Aug record high C = 41.2
| Aug record low C = 16.7
| Sep record high C = 38.0
| Sep record low C = 11.6
| Oct record high C = 35.2
| Oct record low C = 2.2
| Nov record high C = 31.6
| Nov record low C = -2.0
| Dec record high C = 24.9
| Dec record low C = -10.8
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 75.8
| Feb precipitation mm = 88.0
| Mar precipitation mm = 155.8
| Apr precipitation mm = 178.4
| May precipitation mm = 202.4
| Jun precipitation mm = 218.6
| Jul precipitation mm = 165.4
| Aug precipitation mm = 117.5
| Sep precipitation mm = 86.1
| Oct precipitation mm = 66.0
| Nov precipitation mm = 78.3
| Dec precipitation mm = 54.6
| Jan humidity = 79
| Feb humidity = 79
| Mar humidity = 80
| Apr humidity = 78
| May humidity = 78
| Jun humidity = 80
| Jul humidity = 74
| Aug humidity = 76
| Sep humidity = 78
| Oct humidity = 77
| Nov humidity = 77
| Dec humidity = 76
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 13.6
| Feb precipitation days = 14.2
| Mar precipitation days = 17.3
| Apr precipitation days = 16.0
| May precipitation days = 16.0
| Jun precipitation days = 14.4
| Jul precipitation days = 10.6
| Aug precipitation days = 10.8
| Sep precipitation days = 9.8
| Oct precipitation days = 10.5
| Nov precipitation days = 10.7
| Dec precipitation days = 11.4
| year precipitation days = 
| Jan sun = 72.9
| Feb sun = 73.5
| Mar sun = 91.3
| Apr sun = 124.6
| May sun = 148.9
| Jun sun = 153.2
| Jul sun = 234.8
| Aug sun = 211.8
| Sep sun = 158.6
| Oct sun = 137.1
| Nov sun = 118.6
| Dec sun = 105.0
| year sun = 
| Jan percentsun = 22
| Feb percentsun = 23
| Mar percentsun = 24
| Apr percentsun = 32
| May percentsun = 35
| Jun percentsun = 37
| Jul percentsun = 56
| Aug percentsun = 53
| Sep percentsun = 43
| Oct percentsun = 39
| Nov percentsun = 37
| Dec percentsun = 33
| year percentsun = 
| Jan snow days = 5.1
| Feb snow days = 2.9
| Mar snow days = 0.6
| Apr snow days = 0
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0
| Nov snow days = 0.2
| Dec snow days = 1.9
| year snow days = 
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=11 June 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|title=Experience Template |url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 May 2023}}</ref>
| source = 
}}

===Rivers===
The [[Wei River (Hunan)|Wei River]] flows through Ningxiang County and has seven major tributaries:  Huangjuan River, Duan River, Mei River, Tiechong River, Yutang River, [[Chu River (Tributary of Wei River)|Chu River]] and [[Wu River (Tributary of Wei River)|Wu River]].

The [[Jin River (Xiang River)|Jin River]] flows through Ningxiang County to [[Xiangtan]], is one of the largest tributaries of the [[Xiang River]].

===Lakes and reservoirs===
The [[Huangcai Reservoir]], also known as "Qingyang Lake", is a large reservoir located in the northwestern part of Ningxiang County. It is the largest body of water in Ningxiang County and the largest reservoir in Ningxiang County.

The [[Tianping Reservoir]], also known as "Qingshan Lake", is a large reservoir located in the western part of Ningxiang County. It is the second largest body of water in Ningxiang County and the second largest reservoir in Ningxiang County.
{|
|-
| [[File:Puji Temple,Ningxiang County Panorama 02.jpg|thumb|542px|A [[Panorama|panoramic]] view of the [[Tianping Reservoir]]]]
| [[File:Tianping Reservoir 202110021.jpg|thumb|228px|View of [[Mount Furong]] from the Tianping Reservoir dam]]
| [[File:Qiguan Reservoir in Ningxiang, Hunan, China 2022081105.jpg|thumb|250px|Qiguan Reservoir, [[Liushahe]]]]
|}

===Mountains===
{{Main|List of mountains in Ningxiang}}

The highest natural elevation in Ningxiang County is 1071m at Wazizhai ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|瓦子寨}}).

==Government==
{{main|Politics of Ningxiang}}
The current CPC Party Secretary of Ningxiang is Yu Xinfan and the current mayor is Fu Xuming. He Yinghui is the Chairmen of Ningxiang People's Congress, which is the equal of Head of Parliament. The Chairmen of CPPCC Ningxiang Committee is Deng Jieping.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-21 |title=市委理论学习中心组（扩大）开展2023年第13次集体学习 深入学习领会习近平总书记重要论述 统筹兼顾全力推进现代化新宁乡建设 |trans-title=en:Municipal Party Committee Theoretical Study Center Group (Enlarged) carries out the 13th collective study in 2023 In-depth study and comprehension of the important exposition of General Secretary Xi Jinping to promote the construction of modernized new Ningxiang with full force in a comprehensive manner. |url=http://www.nxcity.gov.cn/szf/zfdt/nxyw436/202311/t20231121_11293214.html |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=NXCITY}}</ref>

==Economy==
Ningxiang is one of the most developed counties in Hunan, it ranked the 18th in the Top100 of counties and county-level cities of China by comprehensive strength in 2020.<ref>{{cite news|editor1=Wang Jingdong ({{lang|zh|王敬东}})|url=http://news.cctv.com/2020/05/10/ARTImXAK2doqnIxnr89XxpkK200510.shtml |script-title=zh:百强县榜单来了！看不懂，这个经济大省竟只有三席 |work=CCTV.COM |date=10 May 2020 |access-date=29 July 2020 |language=zh}}</ref> It is one of the best developed manufacturing counties and county-level cities in the province, the [[Manufacturing|manufacturing industry]] is its economic pillar. Ningxiang's economic engines are food and beverage, Advanced equipment manufacturing, new materials, modern services industry, [[Machine industry|machinery manufacture]] and [[clothing]]. For example, of 2015, the [[gross domestic product]] of Ningxiang County was [[Renminbi|CN¥]]100.22 billion (US$16.09 billion), Of this total, the [[value added]] of the manufacturing industry was CN¥61.31 billion (US$9.84 billion), shares 61.18 percent of its GDP.<ref name="economy2015">{{cite web |url=http://www.nxgov.com/zfmh/tmzf/tjsj/gmjjhshfztjsj/content_141820.html |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:宁乡县2015年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |publisher=Ningxiang People's Government}}</ref>

Ningxiang County has a variety of industries, such as the Wangbuliao Clothing, Sundance Clothing, [[Tsingtao Brewery]], {{Interlanguage link multi|Jiajia Food|zh|3=加加食品}}, and [[Sany]]. The county's manufacturing products include paper, technological equipment, automobiles, food, clothing and other goods. The service sector of the county's economy includes things like banking, health care, construction, communications, education, tourism and government. Tourism comprises a large part of Ningxiang County's economy, with 20 million visitors spending ¥2 billion in 2014.

According to preliminary accounting of the statistical authority, the [[gross domestic product]] of Ningxiang City in 2017 was 122,445 million [[Renminbi|yuan]] (18,135 million [[United States dollar|US dollars]]), up by 10.3 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the [[value added]] of the primary industry was 12,382 million yuan (1,834 million US dollars), up by 3.9 percent, that of the secondary industry was 80,666 million yuan (11,947 million US dollars), up by 10.6 percent and that of the tertiary industry was 29,397 million yuan (4,354 million US dollars), up by 12.5 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 10.11 percent of the GDP; that of the secondary industry accounted for 65.88 percent; and that of the tertiary industry accounted for 24.01 percent. The per capita GDP in 2017 was 96,118 yuan (14,236 US dollars).<ref>According to {{lang|zh-cn|宁乡市2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报}} see [http://www.hntj.gov.cn/tjfx/tjgb/xqtjgb/zsgxsq/201803/t20180330_4983626.html hntj.gov (2018-04-02)] or [http://tjj.changsha.gov.cn/zstj/tjsj/tjgb/201804/t20180403_2204368.html changsha.gov (2018-04-03)]</ref>

=== Development zone ===
The [[Ningxiang Economic and Technological Development Zone]] (NETZ) consists of parts of [[Chengjiao Subdistrict, Ningxiang County|Chengjiao]], [[Shuangjiangkou]] and [[Jinghuapu Township|Jinghuapu]] of Ningxiang County. It was created on 10 January 1998 and upgraded to an ETZ at state level on 11 November 2010. The main industries in the zone consists of [[Food]] and [[Drink]], [[Advanced Materials|Advanced Material]], [[Manufacturing|advanced equipment manufacturing]], [[Natural health product|health product]] and [[cosmetics]]. As of 2016, its builtup area covers {{convert|25|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, the total [[gross output]] of scale-sized industries hits 97.07 billion yuan (US$14.61 billion).<ref name="netz">{{cite web |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:About Ningxiang ETZ - 宁乡经济技术开发区 |url=http://www.nxdz.gov.cn/yqjj.jhtml |publisher=Ningxiang Economic and Technological Development Zone}}</ref>

==Demographics==

===Population===
As of 2012, the [[National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China]] estimates the county's population now to be 1,368,117.

===Language===
[[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]] is the official language. The local people speak both [[Changsha dialect]] and {{Interlanguage link multi|Ningxiang dialect|zh|3=宁乡话}}.

===Religion===
The county government supports all religions. As of 2015, the majority of people in Ningxiang are atheists. Of those who are religious, most follow [[Chinese folk religion]]. Only 3% of Ningxiang people are [[Buddhist]]s, 1% are [[Taoist]]s, and 1% are [[Roman Catholic]]s or [[Protestant]]s.

==Education==
[[File:Ningxiang county First Senior High School 1.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Jianfan Library of First High School of Ningxiang.]]

Ningxiang County has its own laws regulating education. The county government require young people to attend school. The age limits vary: six to fifteen. Every child in the county is guaranteed up to [[Compulsory education|9 years of education]] ({{zh | t=| s=九年义务教育| hp=|links=no}}). Filling classroom from kindergarten to the twelfth grade, they attend classes for an average of five hours a day, five days a week, until the beginning of the following summer.

Ningxiang County's students pass through several levels of schooling, and thus, several curricula, on their way to a high school diploma. They attend:

* Elementary School. The Elementary School usually means grade 1 through 6. And grades 7, 8, and 9 make up what is called an "Elementary Middle School". Ningxiang County has more than 200 public schools and more than 100 public middle schools. Almost every elementary school provides instruction in these subjects: Chinese language (it includes reading, grammar, composition, and literature), English language, mathematics, science, history, geography, biology, ideological and political, computer, art, music, and physical education.
* Secondary School. The Secondary School generally means grade 10-12. These grades are popularly called "High School". Secondary schools offer these subjects: Chinese language, English language, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, geography, political,  computer, and physical education. Ningxiang County has 16 public high schools.
<!-- 
** {{Interlanguage link multi|First High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第一高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Second High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第二高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Third High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第三高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Fourth High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第四高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Fifth High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第五高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Sixth High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第六高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Seventh High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第七高级中学}}
** [[Eighth High School of Ningxiang|Eighth High School]]
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Ninth High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第九高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Tenth High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第九高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Eleventh High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第十高级中学}}
** [[Twelfth High School of Ningxiang|Twelfth High School]]
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Thirteenth High School of Ningxiang|zh|3=宁乡县第十三高级中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Ningxiang Experimental High School|zh|3=宁乡县实验中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Yutan Experimental High School|zh|3=玉潭实验中学}}
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Yunfan Experimental High School|zh|3=云帆实验中学}}
-->

==Transportation==

===Rail===
The [[Luoyang–Zhanjiang Railway]], more commonly known as "Luzan Railway", from [[Luoyang|Luoyang City]], [[Henan Province]] to [[Zhanjiang|Zhanjiang City]], [[Guangdong Province]], through Ningxiang.<ref name="mapsutras">{{cite book |editor=Zhang Hong|script-chapter=zh:《宁乡市》|chapter=Ningxiang |script-title=zh:《中国分省系列地图册：湖南》|trans-title=Maps of Provinces in China: Hunan |year=2018 |publisher=SinoMaps Press |location=Xicheng District, Beijing |pages=34–35 |isbn=978-7-5031-8949-4|language=zh}}</ref>

The [[Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway]] passes through the southeastern Ningxiang's Datunying Town and Daolin Town.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

The [[Shimen–Changsha railway]] passes across the northeastern Ningxiang's Jinzhou Town and Chengjiao Subdistrict.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

===Expressway===
The G5513 Changsha–Zhangjiajie Expressway runs west to east through Chengjiao Subdistrict and Jinzhou Town.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

The S71 [[Yiyang-Loudi-Hengyang Expressway|Yiyang–Loudi–Hengyang Expressway]], also popularly known as "Yilouheng Expressway", runs north-south through western Ningxiang, passing through the towns of Qingshanqiao, Liushahe, Laoliangcang, Hengshi, Yujia'ao to [[Yiyang]] connects to S50 [[Changsha–Shaoshan–Loudi Expressway]] at Fanjiang Town of [[Xiangxiang]].<ref name="mapsutras"/>

The S50 [[Changsha-Shaoshan-Loudi Expressway|Changsha–Shaoshan–Loudi Expressway]], locally known as "Changshaolou Expressway", travels through the southern Ningxiang, leading eastwards to [[Yuelu District]] of [[Changsha]] and westwards to [[Louxing District]] of [[Loudi]].<ref name="mapsutras"/>

The [[Shaoshan Expressway]] passes north through Datunying Town and connects to S50 Changsha–Shaoshan–Loudi Expressway at Huaminglou Town.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

===National Highway===
The National Highway G319, commonly abbreviated as "G319", is a northwest-southeast highway passing through the city’s downtown, commercial, and industrial districts in the eastern part of the city.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

===Provincial Highway===
The Provincial Highway S206 passes through the northern Ningxiang's Jinghuapu Township and Meitanba Town.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

The Provincial Highway S208 runs north to south through the eastern Ningxiang's Lijingpu Subdistrict, Xiaduopu Town, Batang Town, Donghutang Town, and Datunying Town.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

The Provincial Highway S209 is a major northeast-southwest highway that runs through many of towns and subdistricts in Ningxiang, such as Yutan Subdistrict, Baimaqiao Subdistrict, Huilongpu Town, Dachengqiao Town, Shuangfupu Town, Hengshi Town, Laoliangcang Town, Liushahe Town, and Qingshanqiao Town.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

The Provincial Highway S311, runs southeast to northwest through southwestern Ningxiang, and is connected to Provincial Highway S209 at Qingshanqiao Town.<ref name="mapsutras"/>

==Culture==
Ningxiang has four famous characteristic cultures. They are:

* [[Flower-drum opera|Huaguxi]](花鼓戏)
* Weiguzixi(围鼓子戏)
*GuanyindianExi(观音殿额戏)
*Gushihui(故事会)

==Tourism==
Ningxiang County's most visited [[Buddhist temple]] is [[Miyin Temple]], which was built in [[Tang dynasty]] (618&ndash;907) in [[Weishan Township, Ningxiang County|Weishan Township]], the county is also known for [[Puji Temple (Ningxiang County)|Puji Temple]] and [[Shangliu Temple (Ningxiang County)|Shangliu Temple]] in [[Qingshanqiao, Ningxiang County|Qingshanqiao Town]], and [[Baiyun Temple (Ningxiang)|Baiyun Temple]] in Huilong Mountain.

[[Huitang|Huitang Hot Spring]] is a popular attraction.

The [[Former Residence of Liu Shaoqi]], [[Former Residence of Xie Juezai]], and [[Former Residence of He Shuheng]] are well-known tourist spots.

{|
|-
| [[File:Bai Yun Temple 37.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Baiyun Temple (Ningxiang)|Baiyun Temple]]]]
| [[File:Mi Yin Temple 5.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Miyin Temple]]]]
| [[File:Shang Liu Temple 2.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Shangliu Temple (Ningxiang County)|Shangliu Temple]]]]
|-
| [[File:Liu Shaoqi's former residence 2.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Liu Shaoqi's Former Residence]]]]
| [[File:HuiTang Hot Spring 5.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Huitang|Huitang Hot Spring]]]]
| [[File:Wei River,Ning Xiang county 40.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Wei River (Hunan)|Wei River]]]]
|}

==Notable people==
<!--PLEASE order by Birth Year within section-->
{{Main|Category:People from Ningxiang}}
Ningxiang County is the birthplace of:
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Gan Siqi]] - one of only 57 generals bestowed the honour of being a "founding general" of the People's Republic of China.
* [[He Shuheng]] -  a proletarian revolutionary in modern China.
* [[Huang Yali]] - a pop singer who earned sixth place in the 2006 Super Girl contest.
* [[Ray Huang]] - a historian and philosopher best known in his later years for the idea of [[Big History|macro-history]].
* [[Li Zehou]] - a scholar of philosophy and intellectual history who currently resides in the [[United States]].
* [[Liu Shaoqi]] - a former president of the People's Republic of China. His [[Liu Shaoqi's Former Residence|former residence]] is now a museum.
* [[Liu Yuan (politician)|Liu Yuan]] - one of sons of Liu Shaoqi, a general and the political commissar of the [[People's Liberation Army General Logistics Department]].
* [[Lu Diping]] -  a military general and politician.
* [[Lu Li]] - a gymnast best known for her gold medal on the [[uneven bars]] in the [[1992 Summer Olympics]] in [[Barcelona]].
* [[Qi Xueqi]] - a famous Anti-Japanese commander of the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT).
* [[Tang Sulan]] - a writer and politician.
* [[Tao Zhiyue]] - a Kuomintang general during the Second Anti-Japanese War.
* [[Tong Enzheng]] - an archaeologist, historian, designer, and science fiction author.
* [[Xiang Zhejun]] - a jurist and prosecutor at [[International Military Tribunal for the Far East]].
* [[Xie Juezai]] - former Deputy Secretary of the [[Central Commission for Discipline Inspection]].
* [[Xie Fei (director)|Xie Fei]] - son of Xue Juezai, a world-recognized Chinese film director.
* [[Ye Xiaowen]] - former director of [[State Administration for Religious Affairs|the State Administration for Religious Affairs]]
* [[Zhou Guangzhao]] - former [[Chinese Academy of Sciences|President of Chinese Academy of Sciences]].
* [[Zhou Shuguang]] - a blogger and citizen journalist best known for traveling around China to document injustice done to citizens.
{{div col end}}

==Footnotes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Ningxiang}}
*[http://www.ningxiang.com/ Ningxiang website (Chinese)]
*[http://www.changsha.gov.cn/ http://www.changsha.gov.cn/]
*[http://www.nxcity.gov.cn/ Ningxiang Municipal People's Government(Chinese)]

{{Ningxiang Divisions of Hunan}}
{{County-level divisions of Hunan}}

[[Category:Ningxiang| ]]
[[Category:County-level divisions of Changsha]]
[[Category:National Civilized City]]