View source for Ogopogo

{{Short description|Mythical creature in British Columbia, Canada}}
{{distinguish|Igopogo}}
{{Infobox mythical creature
|name          = Ogopogo
|image         = OgoPogo crop.jpg
|caption       = Ogopogo-themed play structure in [[Kelowna]], [[British Columbia]]
|Sub_Grouping  = [[Lake monster]]
|AKA           = Nx̌ax̌aitkʷ,<ref>{{cite web |title='You don't call him Ogopogo, you call him by his name, Nx̌ax̌aitkʷ' |url=https://indiginews.com/okanagan/dont-call-him-ogopogo-call-him-by-his-name-nxaxaitk%CA%B7-says-syilx-elder |website=IndigiNews |access-date=31 August 2021 |date=21 April 2021}}</ref> N'ha·a·itk, Naitaka
|Similar_entities=[[Loch Ness Monster]], [[Champ (folklore)|Champ]], [[Altamaha-ha]]
|Country       = [[Canada]]
|Region        = [[Okanagan Lake]], [[British Columbia]]
|Habitat       = Water
}}

The '''Ogopogo''' is a [[lake monster]] said to inhabit [[Okanagan Lake]] in [[British Columbia]], Canada in [[Canadian folklore]]. Some scholars have charted the entity's development from [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] folklore and widespread water monster folklore motifs. The Ogopogo now plays a role in the commercial symbolism and media representation of the region.

==Background==
{{further|Okanagan Lake}}
Okanagan Lake is the largest of five inter-connected freshwater [[Fjord#Freshwater fjords|fjord lakes]] in the [[Okanagan Valley]] in British Columbia. Named after the Syilx Okanagan Nation that have lived in the valley since time immemorial, it was created when melting glaciers flooded a valley 10,000 years ago. It stretches for {{convert|127.1|km|mi|abbr=off}} and has a maximum depth of {{convert|232.3|m|ft|abbr=off}} and an average depth of {{convert|75.9|m|ft|abbr=off}}. Okanagan has frozen over during eight winters in the last 110 years.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/it-could-be-a-lot-colder-kelowna-historian-remembers-okanagan-lake-freezing-over-completely-1.3904359|website=CBC|title=It could be a lot colder: Kelowna historian remembers Okanagan Lake freezing over completely|first=Brady|last=Strachan|date=December 19, 2016}}</ref>

The lake monster has been mostly described as being a serpentine creature with smooth dark skin with a large body thicker than a telephone pole and being up to {{convert|15|m|ft|abbr=on}} in length. The monster has said to move at incredible speeds, coiling its body in vertical undulations, and propelling itself with a powerful tail. Many have compared the creature as being strikingly similar to the cryptid [[Cadborosaurus]], or the extinct [[Basilosaurus]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=The Legend, The Spirit, The Creature: The History of Ogopogo |url=https://www.tourismkelowna.com/blog/post/the-legend-the-spirit-the-creature-the-history-of-ogopogo/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=www.tourismkelowna.com |language=en-us}}</ref> 

==Etymology==
{{Listen
| type        = music
| filename    =
| title       = "The Ogo-Pogo: The Funny Fox-Trot"
| description = "The Ogo-Pogo: The Funny Fox-Trot"
}}
[[File:Ogo-Pogo, The Funny Fox-Trot.jpg|thumb|right|145px|Sheet music cover]]
According to historian Mark M. Orkin, the creature received its colonial name "on a night in 1924 when the strains of an English music-hall song were first heard in the city of Vernon, British Columbia". Orkin cites the following lines from the song:
:His mother was an earwig,
:His father was a whale;
:A little bit of head
:And hardly any tail—
:And Ogopogo was his name.
Orkin, however, notes that "A somewhat different form of the song appeared in the Vancouver ''Province'' in 1912, August 24, 1926. According to the ''DC'' the name was first applied in 1912." Additionally, the creature may sometimes be referred to by the pet name ''Oggy''.<ref name="ORKIN-1970-205">Orkin, Mark M. 2015 [1971]. ''Speaking Canadian English: An Informal Account of the English Language in Canada'', p. 205. [[Routledge]]. {{ISBN|1317436334}}</ref> Smaller creatures may be referred to as ''Ogopups''.<ref name="radford2006">{{cite book |last1= Radford |first1= Benjamin |last2= Nickell| first2= Joe|date=May 5, 2006 |title=Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |location=USA |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |page=117 |isbn=978-0813123943 }}</ref><ref>[[Peter Costello (author)|Costello, Peter]] ''In Search of Lake Monsters''</ref>

==History==
===Native origins===
[[File:Southern view of Rattlesnake Island in Winter.webm|thumb|left|[[Rattlesnake Island (Okanagan Lake)|Rattlesnake Island]], a protected area where Okanagan legends claimed N'ha-a-itk lived]]
According to [[Ben Radford]], the Ogopogo is "more closely tied to native myths than is any other lake monster." The [[Secwepemc]] and [[Syilx]] natives regarded the Ogopogo, which they called the Naitaka, as "an evil supernatural entity with great power and ill intent."<ref>{{cite book |last1= Radford |first1= Benjamin |last2= Nickell| first2= Joe|date=May 5, 2006 |title=Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |url=https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf_496|url-access= limited |location=USA |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |pages=[https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf_496/page/n30 12]-125 |isbn=978-0813123943 }}</ref> The word "n'ha-a-itk" has various translations, such as "water-demon", "water god", or "sacred creature of the water".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blogs.ubc.ca/seanlitblog/2019/02/19/literacy-transformation-and-naitaka-ogopogo/|title=Literacy, Transformation and Naitaka (Ogopogo)|website=Sean Dyer's Canadian Literature Blog English 470}}</ref> In native lore, Naitaka demanded a live sacrifice for safe crossing of the lake. For hundreds of years, First Nations would sacrifice small animals before entering the water. Oral traditions often described visiting chief Timbasket, who rejected the required sacrifice, denying the existence of the demon. Upon entering the lake on a canoe with his family, Naitaka "whipped up the surface of the lake with his long tail" and the canoe and its occupants were sucked to the bottom of the lake. The Naitaka was often described as using its tail to create fierce storms to drown victims. In 1855, settler John MacDougal claimed that his horses were sucked down into the water, and nearly his canoe before he cut the line.<ref>{{cite book |last1= Radford |first1= Benjamin |last2= Nickell| first2= Joe|date=May 5, 2006 |title=Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |url=https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf|url-access= limited |location=USA |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |page=[https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf/page/n139 121] |isbn=978-0813123943 }}</ref>

According to Pat Raphael of the Westbank First Nation, a member nation of the larger [[Okanagan Nation Alliance]], the demonic view of Naitaka came about through miscommunication between Canada's early European settlers and the Syilx/Okanagan people. To the Syilx, it's n ̓x̌ax̌aitkʷ (n-ha-ha-it-koo), a sacred spirit of the lake that protects the valley.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200309-ogopogo-the-monster-lurking-in-okanagan-lake|title=Canada's mysterious lake monster|last=Kadane|first=Lisa|website=www.bbc.com|language=en|access-date=2020-11-19}}</ref> The spirit was said to dwell in caves under [[Rattlesnake Island (Okanagan Lake)|Rattlesnake Island]] (a.k.a. Monster Island) or adjacent to Squally Point.<ref>{{cite book |last1= Radford |first1= Benjamin |last2= Nickell| first2= Joe|date=May 5, 2006 |title=Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |url=https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf_496|url-access= limited |location=USA |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |page=[https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf_496/page/n131 113] |isbn=978-0813123943 }}</ref>

==Alleged sightings==
[[File:Okanagan Lake - panoramio.jpg|thumb|right|Ogopogo is said to inhabit [[Okanagan Lake]]]]
[[Susan Louisa Moir Allison|Susan Allison's]] 1872 sighting was the first detailed Ogopogo account from a white settler. She was the first non-native person to live in the region, establishing relations with the native peoples.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/cp-nr/release_e.asp?bgid=1423&andor1=bg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170306034411/http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/cp-nr/release_e.asp?bgid=1423&andor1=bg|archive-date=2017-03-06|title=Parks Canada - News Releases and Backgrounders|date=March 6, 2017}}</ref>

While driving on [[British Columbia Highway 97|Highway 97]] in 1968, Art Folden noticed something moving in the lake. He pulled off the road and filmed what he claimed to be footage of the alleged creature, showing a large wake moving across the water. Folden estimated that the Ogopogo was {{convert|100|m|yd|abbr=off}} offshore.<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last1= Radford |first1= Benjamin |last2= Nickell| first2= Joe|date=May 5, 2006 |title=Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |url=https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf|url-access= limited |location=USA |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |page=[https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf/page/n137 119] |isbn=978-0813123943 }}</ref> A computer analysis of the footage concluded it was a solid, three-dimensional object.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}} Folden noticed "something large and lifelike" out in the distance on the calm water and pulled out his home movie camera to capture the object. A 2005 investigation conducted by [[Benjamin Radford]] with [[Joe Nickell]] and John Kirk for the [[National Geographic Channel]] television show ''[[Is It Real?]]'', utilized surveyor boats to find the actual distance of the alleged creature from the shore. They found that it was much closer to shore than originally thought, resulting in a reduction of actual size and speed.<ref name="auto"/> They concluded that it was likely a real animal, but its size had been greatly overestimated and that it was probably a water fowl, otter, or beaver too far away to be identified.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Radford|first1=Benjamin|author-link=Benjamin Radford|title=Ogopogo: Canada's Loch Ness Monster|url=http://www.livescience.com/42399-ogopogo.html|website=Live Science| date=8 January 2014 |access-date=July 13, 2015}}</ref>

In the 1980s, a local tourism agency offered a cash reward for a proven sighting of the beast. [[Greenpeace]] announced that the beast must be filmed and not captured: the Ogopogo was listed as an endangered species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200309-ogopogo-the-monster-lurking-in-okanagan-lake|title=Canada's mysterious lake monster|last=Kadane|first=Lisa|website=www.bbc.com|language=en|access-date=2020-03-16}}</ref>

In 1980, around 50 tourists watched an alleged Ogopogo for about 45 minutes off a beach at [[Kelowna]]. Larry Thal, a tourist from [[Vancouver]], captured 10 seconds of the sighting on [[8 mm film]]. Some skeptics have suggested that this footage captured only a pair of otters.<ref name="auto"/>

In 1989, John Kirk reportedly saw an animal which was {{convert|10.7|to|12.2|m|ft}} long and consisted of "five sleek jet-black humps" with a lashing tail. He believed it to be traveling at around {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=off}} per hour.<ref>{{cite book |last1= Radford |first1= Benjamin |last2= Nickell| first2= Joe|date=May 5, 2006 |title=Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |url=https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf|url-access= limited |location=USA |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |page=[https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf/page/n136 118] |isbn=978-0813123943 }}</ref> 

Another sighting occurred in 1989, in an area of [[log boom]]s near [[Lambly Creek|Bear Creek]]. Ken Chaplin and his 78 year old father Clem staked out the area with a video camera. Chaplin caught what he described as a slim, serpent-like creature measuring up to {{convert|15|ft|m}} in length swimming approximately {{convert|75|ft|m}} from their canoe. The creature slapped its tail before diving, with force Chaplin described as being enough to "have killed a man if it had hit him." Chaplin returned to the location with his daughter a few days later and sighted the same creature again. These sightings were cataloged in magazines and newspapers, and appeared in an episode of ''[[Unsolved Mysteries]]''. However, after analysis by local biologists, Robert Lincoln stated that the size of the animal had been overestimated. Lincoln concluded it was a beaver by the behavior and shape of the animal. Chris Bull, who ran the local fishing department, would later state it was possibly meant to grab attention from the community.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://unsolved.com/gallery/ogo-pogo/|title=Unsolved Mysteries - Ogo Pogo|access-date=2024-10-09}}</ref>

On July 24, 1992, Paul Demara videotaped "something or some things" that were "traveling just below the surface of the water at a fairly good speed," which was estimated to have been {{convert|8|kph|mph|abbr=off}}. In the footage, a boat towing a [[water skiing|water skier]] suddenly appears in frame and the skier falls into the water near the object. Within several minutes, DeMara made two other videotapes, each showing what appeared to be multiple animals in the water. Benjamin Radford suggested that the creature was only several otters. In 2005, [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] video specialist Grant Fredricks concluded that the object "was very consistent with debris from a fallen tree in the water," noting that it "very slowly bobs up and down." He also pointed out that the alleged creature did not react to the water skier, and the skier did not seem alarmed.<ref>{{cite book |last1= Radford |first1= Benjamin |last2= Nickell| first2= Joe|date=May 5, 2006 |title=Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |url=https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf_496|url-access= limited |location=USA |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |pages=[https://archive.org/details/lakemonstermyste00radf_496/page/n137 119]-120 |isbn=978-0813123943 }}</ref>

In 2000, a Japanese expedition caught a 40 foot sonar image of an object about 7 meters below the point near Rattlesnake Island. Several underwater caves were also discovered off of the island as well. A following expedition in 2001 resulted in inconclusive sonar readings of a large object, and another in 2006 discovered more caves at much greater depths.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-28 |title=The Legend, The Spirit, The Creature: The History of Ogopogo |url=https://www.tourismkelowna.com/blog/post/the-legend-the-spirit-the-creature-the-history-of-ogopogo/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=www.tourismkelowna.com |language=en-us}}</ref>

In August 2008, a local photographer named Sean Viloria and his girlfriend Jessica Weagers were sitting by the lakeshore at [[Peachland]] when Weagers noticed a disturbance in the water. Viloria snapped one photograph, but his camera died and he wasn't able to capture any more. Viloria did not publicize this photo, but described a creature having black hump-like ridges. Eight days later, south of the original sighting, Viloria had pulled his car over to look at the Highway 97 widening project when Weagers spotted another disturbance. Viloria snapped 11 photographs of the unknown object as it surfaced near a boat. Viloria has only shown 3-4 of these photographs to the public. One of them shows a tail or neck-like object surfacing the water, while the others show the back and head of the creature. Viloria estimated the creature as being {{convert|5.5|-|6|m|abbr=on}} long, judging by the size of the boat in the background. The photos were examined by many local experts. Chris Bull concluded it didn't look like any known animal of the lake. A biologist noted the black/red texture was possibly a different creature or pollution. Members of the show ''[[MonsterQuest]]'' examined the photographs and found no evidence of tampering, as featured in the 2009 episode "Lake Demons". This broadcast marked the first appearance of the photos on television. Viloria also sculpted a small statue of Ogopogo, which resembles a [[plesiosaur]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://cryptomundo.com/cryptozoo-news/ogopogo-viloria/ | title=Cryptomundo » Exclusive: "Ogopogo" Photos Released }}</ref>

In 2009 an expedition was led by Ogopogo enthusiast Bill Steciuk which consisted of thermal imaging by helicopter, a zodiac chase boat, and a dive team to investigate various caves reported near Rattlesnake Island and Squally Point. The expedition started near the break of dawn where immediately the Chase Boat encountered a cluster of bird activity North of Rattlesnake Island hinting something large was preying below the surface. The thermal imaging helicopter found large heat trails near the surface offshore of Squally Point. Ray Snitynsky who took the thermal images analyzed the object that made the trails ranged from 40-50ft in length. A dive expedition led to the divers recovering a decomposed snake like carcass off an underwater ledge. Unfortunately, a DNA analysis revealed the carcass was a [[Kokanee salmon]] that deteriorated to the point it was unidentifiable. The following day, diver Craig Smiley was dropped into the lake near Rattlesnake Island, and hydroacoustic baiting via underwater recordings by Bill Steciuk were used to lure in the creature. When the sound frequency increased, Smiley's signal was temporarily lost after sediment was stirred around him supposedly triggering an animal. Smiley also discovered large sinkholes on the lake floor with some up to 5 meters long. This expedition was broadcast on the show Monster Quest in the episode "Lake Demons".<ref>{{Cite web |title=www.ogopogoquest.com - Researching the existence of Ogopogo |url=https://www.ogopogoquest.com/2009-ogopogo-search-expedition.php |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=www.ogopogoquest.com}}</ref>

In 2011, a cell phone video captured two dark shapes in the water. A suggested explanation is that the video shows two logs. Radford analyzed the video for [[Discovery News]] and concluded that "the video quality is poor and the camera is shaky, but a closer look at the 30-second video reveals that, instead of one long object, there are actually two shorter ones, and they seem to be floating next to each other at slightly different angles. There are no humps, nor head, nor form; only two long, darkish, more or less straight forms that appear to be a few dozen feet long. In short, they look a lot like floating logs, which would not be surprising since Okanagan Lake has tens of thousands of logs harvested by the timber industry floating just under the lake's surface."<ref name="FoxNews">{{cite news | url=http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2011/11/14/canadas-loch-ness-monster-captured-on-video/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114192247/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2011/11/14/canadas-loch-ness-monster-captured-on-video/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=November 14, 2011 | title=Canada's Loch Ness Monster Captured on Video? | date=November 14, 2011 | agency=Discovery News | access-date=November 15, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.foxnews.com/science/canadas-loch-ness-monster-captured-on-video | title=Canada's Loch Ness Monster Captured on Video? | date=November 14, 2011 | agency=Fox News | access-date=February 7, 2020}}</ref>

Three sightings were reported in September 2018, one of which described a giant snake approximately {{cvt|15|m|ft}} long.<ref>{{cite news |last1=O’Neill |first1=Marnie |title=Canada's Loch Ness Monster, the legendary Ogopogo lake monster, caught on video |url=https://www.foxnews.com/science/canadas-loch-ness-monster-the-legendary-ogopogo-lake-monster-caught-on-video |access-date=October 6, 2018 |work=Fox News |date=October 5, 2018}}</ref>

In June 2024, there was a reported sighting which described a long snake in the water.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

==Explanations==
[[File:RiverOtterSwimmingOregonZoo.jpg|thumb|[[North American river otter|Otters]], especially when swimming in a row, may be mistaken for a lake monster]]
According to skeptical author [[Benjamin Radford]], contemporary sightings of Ogopogo were most likely misidentifications of water fowl, otter, or beaver, adding, "[the First Nations stories] were not referring to a literal lake monster like Ogopogo, but instead to a legendary water spirit. Though the supernatural N'ha-a-itk of the Okanagan Valley Indians are long gone, a decidedly less fearsome — and more biological — beast, whose exact form is a matter of debate, has replaced it."<ref name="radford2016">{{cite web|last1=Radford|first1=Benjamin|author-link=Benjamin Radford|title=Ogopogo the Chameleon|url=http://www.csicop.org/si/show/ogopogo_the_chameleon/|website=The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry|publisher=Center for Inquiry|access-date=July 13, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050742/http://www.csicop.org/si/show/ogopogo_the_chameleon|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Radford3">{{cite web |last1=Radford |first1=Benjamin |title=Ogopogo: Canada's Loch Ness Monster |url=https://www.livescience.com/42399-ogopogo.html |website=livescience.com |date=8 January 2014 |publisher=Live Science |access-date=20 May 2019}}</ref> Joe Nickel and Benjamin Radford propose an origin in claims of "sightings" in wildlife in the region. Otters often swim in a row and their motion can often be mistaken for one continuous serpent. Radford pointed to John Kirk's 1989 sighting as likely being a group of otters.<ref name="RadfordNickell">{{cite book |title= Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World's Most Elusive Creatures |first1= Ben |last1= Radford|author-link1=Benjamin Radford|first2= Joe |last2= Nickell|author-link2=Joe Nickell|date= May 2006 |asin= B0078XFQKQ |publisher= [[University Press of Kentucky]]}}</ref>

Sturgeon are often mistaken as lake monsters, but their existence in Okanagan is unclear. There is currently an unclaimed $10,000 reward for definitive evidence of sturgeon in Okanagan.<ref name="RadfordNickell" />

Benjamin Radford has pointed to [[waterspouts]] as a likely source of inspiration for First Nation myths. Waterspouts are fairly common on Okanagan Lake, often forming when air temperatures drop and the lake still has a relatively warm water temperature.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vancouverisawesome.com/outdoors/giant-water-spout-okanagan-lake-photo-bc-1945735|title=PHOTO: Giant water spout spotted over B.C. lake|website=Vancouver Is Awesome}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.castanet.net/news/West-Kelowna/69920/Waterspouts-visible-for-miles|title=Waterspouts visible for miles - West Kelowna News|first1=Grant Scott-|last1=Jan 19|first2=2012 / 10:58 am |last2=Story: 69920|website=castanet.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/5445218/funnel-cloud-captured-on-video-in-south-okanagan/|title=Funnel cloud captured on video in South Okanagan|website=Global News|accessdate=20 March 2022}}</ref>

==Appearances in other media==
In "[[Quagmire (The X-Files)|Quagmire]]", a [[The X-Files season 3|third season]] episode of ''[[The X-Files]]'', Agent Mulder mentions the Ogopogo of Lake Okanagan to his partner Agent Scully as an example of recognized lake creatures.

The Ogopogo is referenced in the English language translation of the Super Nintendo game ''[[Final Fantasy IV]]'', lending its name to a [[superboss]] in the game's final dungeon. The creature manifests as a more deadly incarnation of the summoned monster Leviathan, and uses a water attack named Deluge.

The animated series ''[[The Venture Bros.]]'' references the Ogopogo in the episode "[[Return to Malice]]". Number 21, a henchman of the series' antagonist and a prominent secondary character, claims the creature is real, clarifying that it is a plesiosaur, and derides [[Champ (folklore)|Champ]] and [[Nessie]] as hoaxes.

Okanagan Lake and the Ogopogo feature prominently in the plot of "[[List of Mike Tyson Mysteries episodes#Season 2 (2015–16)|Ogopogo!]]", an episode of ''[[Mike Tyson Mysteries]]''.

The [[Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game|Yu-Gi-Oh! trading card game]] features a set of monsters based on [[List of cryptids|cryptids]] from around the world. Among them is a version of the Ogopogo, with an appearance based on its commonly accepted features.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Lake monster petroglyph.svg|This Aboriginal petroglyph is often said to be of Okanagan Lake's [[Ogopogo]] cryptid, but is in fact from [[Sproat Lake]] in Vancouver Island.<ref name="radford2016"/>
Ogopogo ice sculpture.jpg|The [[Winterlude|Ottawa Winterlude’s]] Ice sculpture of the mythical monster Ogopogo presented in 2010
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Igopogo]], said to live in [[Lake Simcoe]], Ontario
* [[List of cryptids]]
* [[List of reported lake monsters]]
* [[Loch Ness Monster]]
* [[Manipogo]], said to live in [[Lake Manitoba]], Manitoba
* [[Memphre]], said to live in [[Lake Memphremagog]], Quebec
* [[Seelkee]], said to live in the swamps of what is now [[Chilliwack]], in [[British Columbia]]
* [[Underwater panther]], a mythological water-being common in North-American Indian lore

==References==
{{reflist}}

'''Bibliography'''
* Gaal, Arlene (2001) ''In Search of Ogopogo''. Hancock House, Surrey, British Columbia
* Gaal, Arlene (1986) ''Ogopogo: The True Story of The Okanagan Lake Million Dollar Monster''. Hancock House, Surrey, BC.
* Moon, Mary (1977) ''Ogopogo''. Douglas Ltd., North Vancouver, British Columbia.
* [[Joe Nickell|Nickell, Joe]] (2006) "Ogopogo: The Lake Okangan Monster". ''Skeptical Inquirer'', 30(1): 16–19.
* [[Benjamin Radford|Radford, Benjamin]] (2006) "Ogopogo the Chameleon". ''Skeptical Inquirer'', 30(1): 41–46.
* [[Benjamin Radford|Radford, Benjamin]] and [[Joe Nickell|Nickell, Joe]] (2006) ''Lake Monster Mysteries: Investigating the World’s Most Elusive Creatures''. University Press of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
* Salmonson, Jessica Amanda (1992) ''The Mysterious Doom and Other Ghostly Tales of the Pacific Northwest'': 149. Sasquatch Books, Seattle, Washington.

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline|Ogopogo}}

{{Coord|49|32|50|N|119|35|44|W|type:landmark_region:CA-BC|display=title}}

[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Culture of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Canadian folklore]]
[[Category:Okanagan Lake]]
[[Category:Cascadian folklore]]
[[Category:Canadian legendary creatures]]
[[Category:Legendary creatures of the Indigenous peoples of North America]]
[[Category:Mythological aquatic creatures]]
[[Category:Lake monsters]]
[[Category:Sea serpents]]
[[Category:Reptilian cryptids]]