View source for Operation Noble Eagle

{{Short description|Military operation in response to 9/11}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox operational plan
| name        = Operation Noble Eagle
| partof      = the [[Home Front]] of the [[War on Terror|Global War on Terrorism]]
| image       = [[File:OperationNobleEagle.jpg|250px]]
| caption     = Joint [[NATO]] and U.S. [[Airborne early warning and control|AWACS]] service badge {{nowrap|for Noble Eagle & Eagle Assist.}}
| scope       =
| type        =
| location    = United States and Canada
| coordinates = 
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| planned     = 
| planned_by  = 
| objective   = [[Homeland security]]
| target      =
| date        = 11 September 2001 – present 
| time        =
| time-begin  =
| time-end    =
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| executed_by = {{flag|United States}}<br />{{flag|Canada}}
| outcome     = Ongoing
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}}

'''Operation Noble Eagle''' ('''ONE''') is the [[United States]] and [[Canada|Canadian]] military operation related to homeland security and support to federal, state, and local agencies. The operation began 11 September 2001, in response to the [[September 11 attacks]].<ref name=CRS>{{cite web |url= https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RL31334.pdf |title= Operations Noble Eagle, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom: Questions and Answers About U.S. Military Personnel, Compensation, and Force Structure|access-date=21 December 2009 |publisher=Congressional Research Service|location=[[Library of Congress]]}}.</ref>

== History ==
Operation Noble Eagle began with the mobilization of thousands of [[United States National Guard|National Guard]] and [[Reserve components of the United States armed forces|reserve]] personnel to perform security missions on military installations, airports and other potential targets such as bridges, power plants, and port facilities. These reservists were called to active duty under a mobilization authority known as a partial mobilization (10 USC 12302). In a time of national emergency declared by the [[President of the United States]], partial mobilization authorizes the President to order members of the [[Ready Reserve|ready reserve]] to active duty for a period not to exceed 24 consecutive months. Additionally, in 2001 and 2002, thousands of members of the National Guard were activated at the order of their respective governors to provide additional security at airports. They were called up under Title 32 of the U.S. Code, which means they were under state control, but with federal pay and benefits.<ref name="CRS"/> The [[Royal Canadian Air Force]] assisted in providing defense of the northern border of the United States. The [[United States Army]]'s [[759th Military Police Battalion]], [[Michigan Army National Guard|144th Military Police Company]] and the [[177th Military Police Brigade]] were assigned the task of protecting the [[White House]], [[the Pentagon]] and the [[United States Capitol|Capitol]], along with other [[Army National Guard]] units that were tasked with augmenting the [[U.S. Air Force]] (USAF) air defense perimeter around the [[Washington metropolitan area|National Capital Region]].

=== Requirement ===
In an article dated June 2007 United States civilian and military leaders began to regard the costly air defense operation above North American cities as a permanent defense requirement demanding significant attention from [[North American Aerospace Defense Command]] (NORAD).{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} The current focus is on improving command and control of the homeland air defense missions.<ref name=AFA>{{cite web |url=http://www.afa.org/magazine/june2007/0607eagle.asp |title= AFA – The Years of Noble Eagle |access-date=28 June 2008 |publisher=Air Force Association |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080225090341/http://www.afa.org/magazine/june2007/0607eagle.asp <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 25 February 2008}}</ref>

== Equipment ==
The [[United States Department of Defense]] provided [[F-15 Eagle]]s<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/11/14/airforce.f-15/index.html|title=F-15E Strike Eagles to fly again in Iraq|access-date=14 November 2007|date=14 November 2007|publisher=CNN}}</ref> and [[F-16 Fighting Falcon]]s to this operation, and the [[Canadian Forces]] provided [[CF-18 Hornet]]s.<ref name=CAF>{{cite web |url=http://www.airforce.dnd.ca/site/equip/cf18/default_e.asp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070521192704/http://www.airforce.dnd.ca/site/equip/cf18/default_e.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 May 2007 |title=CF-18 Hornet |access-date=25 June 2008 |publisher=[[Government of Canada]] }}</ref> The US Army National Guard provided [[AN/TWQ-1 Avenger]] [[short range air defense]] systems to provide close range air defense protection under the control of the USAF Joint Air Defense Operations Center (JADOC) and [[Continental NORAD Region|CONR]].

The JADOC Suite is an integrated USAF connectivity center used in point defense of the National Capital Region. The Suite provides capability for tactical [[Command and control|C2]] execution for the Joint Task Force/[[Joint Forces Air Component Commander]] (JTF/JFACC) under the Operation Noble Eagle (ONE) mission as part of the National Capital Region-Integrated Air Defense System (NCR-IADS - National Capital Region Integrated Air Defense Systems). It is currently fielded and operational. It was developed in response to an urgent need request for enhanced air defense of the NCR per [[SECDEF]] direction through a joint rapid acquisition cell. The architecture consists of an air surveillance fusion system and the C2 connectivity center, which includes a [[Link 16]] capable terminal and Situational Awareness Data Link (SADL) capability.

== Canadian NORAD Region ==
[[File:F-15, 71st Fighter Squadron, in flight.JPG|thumb|An F-15 Eagle pilot assigned to the [[71st Fighter Squadron]] flies a combat air patrol mission.]]

As the Canadian geographical component of NORAD, CANR provides airspace surveillance and control, and directs all air sovereignty activities for the Canadian NORAD Region. CANR and its assigned Royal Canadian Air Force assets throughout the country ensure air safety and security against potential air threats and have supported special events such as the [[G-8 Summit]] and the visits of foreign dignitaries.<ref name=Super-Bowl>{{cite web|url=http://www.halifaxlive.com/content/view/480/2/|title=Halifax Live – NORAD To Fly Operation Noble Eagle for Super Bowl XL Security|access-date=25 June 2008|date=31 January 2006|publisher=Halifax Live|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908105810/http://www.halifaxlive.com/content/view/480/2/|archive-date=8 September 2008}}</ref>

The Canadian NORAD Region flew Operation Noble Eagle air defense protection missions in the Windsor, Ontario/Detroit, Michigan area on 5 February 2006, in support of [[Super Bowl XL]] at [[Ford Field]]. These types of missions had become more common at organized entertainment such as the [[Super Bowl]].<ref name=Super-Bowl/>

== See also ==
* [[Operation Eagle Assist]]
* [[Operation Enduring Freedom]]
* [[Falcon Virgo]]
* [[JLENS]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110823204749/http://osd.dtic.mil/news/Aug2002/n08222002_200208221.html OSD news re military police, August 2012]

{{US War on Terror}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Noble Eagle, Operation}}
[[Category:Aftermath of the September 11 attacks]]
[[Category:Canada–United States relations]]
[[Category:Military operations involving the United States]]