View source for Opryland USA

{{short description|Defunct theme park in Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox amusement park
| name = Opryland USA
| image = OprylandUSA1990sLogo.jpg
| caption = Opryland USA logo used from the late 1980s to 1997
| location = [[Nashville, Tennessee]], United States
| homepage =
| owner = [[Ryman Hospitality Properties|Gaylord Entertainment Company]]
| general_manager =
| opening_date = {{Start date and age|1972|05|27|br=y}}
| closing_date = {{End date and age|1997|12|31|br=y}}
| previous_names = 
| season = 
| area = {{convert|120|acre|km2}}
| rides = 27
| coasters = 6
| water_rides = 3
| slogan = "Home of American Music"<br />"America's Musical Showpark"<br />"The Original Country Hit!"<br />"Great Shows! Great Rides! Great Times!"
| status = Removed
| coordinates = {{coord|36|12|30|N|86|41|43|W|type:landmark|display=it}}
}}

'''Opryland USA''' (later called '''Opryland Themepark''' and colloquially known as '''Opryland''') was a [[amusement park|theme park]] in [[Nashville, Tennessee]], United States. The {{convert|120|acre|adj=on}} park was located between the [[Cumberland River]] and [[Tennessee State Route 155|Briley Parkway]]. It operated seasonally (generally March to October) from 1972 to 1997, and for a special Christmas-themed engagement every December from 1993 to 1997. During the late 1980s, nearly 2.5 million people visited the park annually.

Opryland USA opened on May 27, 1972, and was developed and constructed by [[WSM (AM)|WSM]], Inc. to complement the new [[Grand Ole Opry House]]. Billed as the "Home of American Music", the park featured a large number of musical shows along with amusement rides, such as [[roller coaster]]s. Opryland was closed and demolished following the 1997 season. On its site was built [[Opry Mills]], an [[outlet mall|outlet]]-heavy [[shopping mall]], which opened in 2000.

==History==

===Origin===
The impetus for a theme park in Nashville was [[WSM (AM)|WSM]], Inc.'s desire for a larger and more modern venue for its long-running ''[[Grand Ole Opry]]'' radio program. The [[Ryman Auditorium]], the show's home since 1943, was suffering from disrepair along with the downtown neighborhood's increasing [[urban decay]] since the mid-1960s. Despite the shortcomings, the show's popularity was increasing as its weekly crowds outgrew the 3,000-seat venue.<ref>{{cite news |last=Freeman |first=Suzanne |title=Opryland Is a Dream to Believe In |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/03/10/archives/opryland-is-a-dream-to-believe-in-grand-ole-opry.html |access-date=February 17, 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 10, 1974 |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217163442/https://www.nytimes.com/1974/03/10/archives/opryland-is-a-dream-to-believe-in-grand-ole-opry.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The company sought to build a new, air-conditioned auditorium with a larger capacity and ample parking in a then-undeveloped area of the city, providing visitors a safer and more enjoyable experience than was possible at the Ryman.<ref>{{cite book |last=Escott |first=Colin |author-link=Colin Escott |title=The Grand Ole Opry: The Making of an American Icon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vMZPXcMxD28C&pg=PT238 |url-status=live |date=February 28, 2009 |access-date=August 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161027/https://books.google.com/books?id=vMZPXcMxD28C&pg=PT238 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |isbn=9781599952482 |via=Google Books}}</ref>

During a 1969 visit to the [[NRG Park|Astrodomain]] in [[Houston|Houston, Texas]], WSM, Inc. President Irving Waugh was inspired by the presence of [[Six Flags AstroWorld|AstroWorld]]. Waugh noted in particular that the theme park was able to draw visitors to the property on days when the [[NRG Astrodome|Astrodome]] and related facilities were dormant. Waugh decided that an amusement park adjacent to a new Grand Ole Opry House, which itself would only operate two days per week as originally planned, would be a profitable venture.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dowling |first1=Marcus |title=The Grand Ole Opry House at 50: A legacy of making, extending history |url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/entertainment/music/2024/03/08/grand-ole-opry-50-year-anniversary-country-music-nashville-history/72842699007/ |access-date=May 4, 2025 |work=[[The Tennessean]] |publisher=[[Gannett]] |date=March 8, 2024}}</ref> As a result, WSM, Inc. purchased a large tract of riverside land (Rudy's Farm) owned by a local sausage manufacturer in the Pennington Bend area of Nashville along the [[Cumberland River]], adjacent to the newly-constructed [[Tennessee State Route 155|Briley Parkway]], a four-lane highway with access to the interstate system. Plans for the Opryland complex were announced on October 13, 1969.<ref>{{cite news |title=Opryland, U.S.A. To Offer Facilities 'Like No Other' |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/34062794/opryland-is-announced-1969/ |access-date=May 7, 2020 |work=The Nashville Tennessean |date=October 14, 1969 |archive-date=August 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808094646/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/34062794/opryland-is-announced-1969/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

===1970s===
[[File:Dedication of the New Grand Ole Opry House - NARA - 194574.tif|right|thumb|President [[Richard Nixon]] playing the piano during the Grand Ole Opry House's dedication ceremony in 1974]]
The theme park opened to the public on May 27, 1972,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timelines.home.insightbb.com/ol_years.htm |title=Theme Park Timelines |publisher=Timelines.home.insightbb.com |access-date=August 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904124044/http://timelines.home.insightbb.com/ol_years.htm |archive-date=September 4, 2012}}</ref> well ahead of the [[Grand Ole Opry House]], which debuted on March 16, 1974, with a visit by President [[Richard Nixon]].<ref>{{cite web |title=New Grand Ole Opry House Dedication, March 1974 |url=https://www.tennessean.com/picture-gallery/entertainment/music/2014/03/13/new-grand-ole-opry-house-dedication-march-1974/6365693/ |website=Tennessean |access-date=March 13, 2014 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161011/https://www.tennessean.com/picture-gallery/entertainment/music/2014/03/13/new-grand-ole-opry-house-dedication-march-1974/6365693/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nixon Plays Piano On Wife's Birthday At Grand Ole Opry |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/03/17/archives/nixon-plays-piano-on-wifes-birthday-at-grand-ole-opry-presents-a.html |access-date=February 17, 2022 |work=The New York Times |date=March 17, 1974 |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217165555/https://www.nytimes.com/1974/03/17/archives/nixon-plays-piano-on-wifes-birthday-at-grand-ole-opry-presents-a.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The park was named for WSM disc jockey [[WSM (AM)#Famous station personnel|Grant Turner]]'s early morning show, "Opryland USA", itself a nod to the stars of the ''Grand Ole Opry''. However, despite the nominal connection to [[country music]], the park's theme was American music in general; there were [[jazz]], [[Gospel (music)|gospel]], [[Bluegrass music|bluegrass]], [[Pop music|pop]], and [[rock and roll]]-themed attractions and shows in addition to country. Opryland's focus was more on its musical productions than its rides and other attractions, which helped attract adults as much as children, the target of other similar venues. As such, it was billed as a "showpark", instead of an "amusement park" or "theme park" in its early days. Major thrill rides at the park's opening included the Timber Topper (later renamed [[Rock n' Roller Coaster (Opryland)|Rock n' Roller Coaster]]) [[roller coaster]] and Flume Zoom (later renamed Dulcimer Splash) [[Log flume (ride)|log flume]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Cheuse |first=Alan |title=HIGH-STEPPING, FOOT-STOMPING OPRYLAND |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/08/28/travel/high-stepping-foot-stomping-opryland.html |access-date=February 7, 2022 |work=The New York Times |date=April 28, 1983 |archive-date=February 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207170115/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/08/28/travel/high-stepping-foot-stomping-opryland.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In its fourth season in 1975, Opryland added the "State Fair" area on land formerly occupied by the buffalo exhibit. The expansion featured a large selection of carnival games, as well as the [[Wabash Cannonball (roller coaster)|Wabash Cannonball]] (named after the famous [[Roy Acuff]] tune) roller coaster, Country Bumpkin [[Bumping cars|Bump Cars]], and Tennessee Waltz (named after a song made popular by [[Patti Page]]) swings.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nashville Then: June 1975 |url=https://www.tennessean.com/picture-gallery/news/local/2015/06/16/nashville-then-june-1975/28813753/ |access-date=May 4, 2025 |work=[[The Tennessean]] |publisher=[[Gannett]] |date=June 16, 2015}}</ref> However, shortly before opening, the [[Cumberland River]] flooded most of the park, as deep as {{convert|16|ft|abbr=on}} in some areas. The park's opening was delayed by a month, and several animals in the petting zoo died in the floodwaters.<ref>{{cite book |title=Hidden History of Nashville |date=2009 |publisher=The History Press |isbn=9781625843067 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OM12CQAAQBAJ&q=opryland+theme+park+flood+1975+sixteen&pg=PT119 |access-date=May 1, 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Oprylandlogo1.jpg|left|thumb|Opryland USA logo from 1972 to the late 1980s]]

Opryland became very successful during the mid-1970s. By the 1977 season, the park was the most popular Nashville tourist attraction, drawing nearly two million guests annually, mostly from Tennessee and adjoining states.<ref>{{cite book |title=City Government, Tourism & Economic Development, Volume 2; Volume 47 |date=September 1978 |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6g5MOTMe_YcC&q=Opryland+two+million&pg=PA5 |access-date=May 1, 2020 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161026/https://books.google.com/books?id=6g5MOTMe_YcC&q=Opryland+two+million&pg=PA5 |url-status=live}}</ref> The park also drew upon the continued appeal of the ''Opry'' show to country music fans from the [[Southern United States]] and the [[Midwestern United States]], who often brought their families for several days' vacation in Nashville. The nearest theme parks comparable to Opryland were four to six hours away, in places such as [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]] ([[Kings Island]]), [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]] ([[Six Flags St. Louis|Six Flags over Mid-America]]), and [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]] ([[Six Flags Over Georgia]]). Attendance continued to climb into the 1980s.

Initial plans had called for a commercial corridor called Oprytown to be built on the land, but due to the overwhelming popularity of the complex in its early years, the master plan was altered to include a hotel and convention center which could house ''Opry'' and Opryland visitors on weekends, and also draw convention-related business during the week.<ref>{{cite book |last=Phillips |first=Stephen |title=Opryland USA |url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=97TADAAAQBAJ&pg=GBS.PA11 |url-status=live |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |page=12 |date=August 22, 2016 |access-date=May 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161016/https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=97TADAAAQBAJ&pg=GBS.PA11 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |isbn=9781439657409}}</ref> In 1977, Opryland Hotel (now [[Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center]]), a large [[resort]]-style hotel, opened next door to the park and later expanded several times to become the largest hotel in the world not attached to a [[casino]].<ref>Multiple sources:
*{{cite web |url=http://www.visittennesseeonline.com/opryland.htm |title=Visit Tennessee Online |publisher=Visit Tennessee Online |access-date=August 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213829/http://www.visittennesseeonline.com/opryland.htm |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web |last=Caldwell |first=Leigh |url=http://www.gadling.com/2010/05/03/nashvilles-gaylord-opryland-resort-to-be-closed-for-months-afte/ |title=Nashville's Gaylord Opryland Resort to be closed for months after floodwaters rise |publisher=Gadling.com |date=May 3, 2010 |access-date=August 9, 2012 |archive-date=2012-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120811074258/http://www.gadling.com/2010/05/03/nashvilles-gaylord-opryland-resort-to-be-closed-for-months-afte/ |url-status=live}}
*http://tripatlas.com/Opryland_USA{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>

On March 31, 1979, Opryland opened the [[Roy Acuff]] Theater, named after the beloved traditional-country singer and pillar of the Opry. The theater was located next door to the Grand Ole Opry House in the Plaza area outside the park gates.<ref>{{cite web |title=Roy Acuff through the years |url=https://www.knoxnews.com/picture-gallery/shopper-news/2019/06/05/roy-acuff-through-years/1331975001/ |website=knoxnews.com |access-date=May 1, 2020 |archive-date=June 8, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608115058/https://www.knoxnews.com/picture-gallery/shopper-news/2019/06/05/roy-acuff-through-years/1331975001/ |url-status=live}}</ref> It normally hosted the theme park's premier musical production. Due to its location, tickets to the theme park were not needed to attend shows at the Acuff, which usually required a separately-purchased ticket. This allowed the general public to attend shows at the Acuff without having to pay for park admission, like the ''Opry'' itself.

===Ownership change===
WSM, Inc. was a subsidiary of the [[National Life and Accident Insurance Company]]; itself part of the larger NLT Corporation. Beginning in 1980, [[Houston]]-based insurer [[American International Group|American General]] began acquiring NLT stock, eventually becoming its largest shareholder and setting the stage for an outright takeover. American General was not interested in NLT's non-insurance businesses and opted to sell the WSM division, which included [[WSM (AM)|WSM-AM]]-[[WSM-FM|FM]]-[[WSMV-TV|TV]], [[The Nashville Network]], the ''Grand Ole Opry'', the then-decrepit [[Ryman Auditorium]], Opryland Hotel, and Opryland USA. Unable to acquire television and radio assets due to [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC)'s ownership restrictions of the time, American General influenced NLT to sell WSM-TV to [[George N. Gillett Jr.|Gillett Broadcasting]]. Gillett bought the station on November 3, 1981, and its call sign was officially changed to WSMV-TV on July 15, 1982.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/pubacc/prod/call_hist.pl?Facility_id=41232&Callsign=WSMV-TV|title=WSMV-TV Call Sign History|publisher=Federal Communications Commission|access-date=August 19, 2014|archive-date=August 20, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140820090653/http://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/pubacc/prod/call_hist.pl?Facility_id=41232&Callsign=WSMV-TV|url-status=live}}</ref>

By 1982, the takeover was complete and American General approached prospects such as [[Music Corporation of America]] (MCA), [[Marriott Corporation]] and [[Anheuser-Busch]] attempting to sell the remainder of WSM, Inc. While some of the companies showed interest in individual assets, none was willing to buy the entire group.

Unexpectedly, [[Ryman Hospitality Properties|Gaylord Broadcasting Company]] of [[Oklahoma City]] stepped in and purchased the entire package in September 1983 for {{US$|250000000|1983}}.<ref>{{cite news |last=Berg |first=Eric |title=GRAND OLE OPRY FINDS A BUYER |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/07/02/business/grand-ole-opry-finds-a-buyer.html |access-date=February 17, 2022 |work=The New York Times |date=July 2, 1983 |archive-date=September 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190910171003/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/07/02/business/grand-ole-opry-finds-a-buyer.html |url-status=live}}</ref> After the purchase, the Opryland assets were organized into a subsidiary holding company called Opryland USA, Inc. [[Ed Gaylord]], then the controlling figure of Gaylord Broadcasting, had become involved with the hit country music television show ''[[Hee Haw]]'' when his company had purchased the rights to the program in 1981 and moved production to a studio inside the Grand Ole Opry House. Gaylord quickly developed relationships with its stars, many of whom were [[List of Grand Ole Opry members|members of the ''Grand Ole Opry'']]. His close friendship with Sarah Cannon (portrayer of [[Minnie Pearl]]) heavily influenced the decision to purchase the ''Opry'' and its associated properties.<ref>{{cite web |last=Serwer |first=Andrew |title=GAYLORD ENTERTAINMENT STAND BY YOUR CORE FRANCHISE |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1993/01/25/77392/index.htm |website=archive.fortune.com |access-date=May 15, 2020 |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804062001/https://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1993/01/25/77392/index.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>

Also included in Gaylord's acquisition of the Opryland assets was WSM's fledgling cable television network, The Nashville Network (TNN), and its production arm, Opryland Productions. TNN was dedicated entirely at first to country music. For years, its offices and production facilities were located at Opryland, and a nightly variety show (originally ''[[Nashville Now]]'', later ''Music City Tonight'' and ''Prime Time Country'') was broadcast live from the Gaslight Theatre inside the park. The theme park was often featured on the network as a concert venue for country music stars.

===1980s and 1990s===
In 1981, Opryland expanded its footprint for the second and final time. The new area, entitled "Grizzly Country", was built on the extreme north end of the park to house the Grizzly River Rampage, a [[river rafting ride]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rogers |first1=Ricky |title=Nashville Then: 40 years ago in June 1981 |url=https://www.tennessean.com/picture-gallery/news/local/2021/06/21/nashville-tennessee-40-years-ago-june-1981/7753175002/ |access-date=May 5, 2025 |work=[[The Tennessean]] |publisher=[[Gannett]] |date=June 21, 2021}}</ref> The ride was promoted by a band called the Grizzly River Boys, later known as the Tennessee River Boys. The band was originally intended to promote the park via a one-time [[television special]], but became popular enough that they became an ongoing attraction at the park for several years. The band's membership originally included [[Ty Herndon]], and after several personnel changes, grew to become the band [[Diamond Rio]].

In 1984, Opryland added a third roller coaster, The Screamin' Delta Demon (an [[Intamin]] [[bobsled roller coaster]]), in the New Orleans area of the park.<ref>{{cite web |title=Screamin' Delta Demon – Opryland USA (Nashville, Tennessee, United States) |url=https://rcdb.com/170.htm |website=rcdb.com |access-date=May 1, 2020 |archive-date=July 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710010815/https://rcdb.com/170.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> This project also added a second park gate adjacent to the parking lot, primarily used as a group entrance/exit.

In the mid-1980s, "Trickets" (three-day admission tickets for one price) were introduced and large numbers of season passes were sold to residents of the Nashville area.<ref>{{cite web |title=Opryland Trickets |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xr1Xx69mnuc |website=YouTube |access-date=May 15, 2020 |archive-date=March 9, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309131933/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xr1Xx69mnuc |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:GeneralJacksonRiverboat.jpg|right|thumb|The [[General Jackson (riverboat)|General Jackson Showboat]] opened in 1985 as an Opryland attraction]]
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, two new competitors to Opryland emerged: [[Kentucky Kingdom]] in [[Louisville, Kentucky]], and [[Dollywood]] in [[Pigeon Forge, Tennessee]] (which had recently been converted and expanded from its previous incarnation as Silver Dollar City). These two parks grew into regional destinations, contributing in part to a decline in Opryland attendance.<ref>{{cite news |last=Redding |first=Rick |title=Whew! What a wild ride for Kentucky Kingdom |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/stories/1997/11/24/story4.html |access-date=May 15, 2020 |work=bizjournals.com |date=November 24, 1997 |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611092823/https://www.bizjournals.com/louisville/stories/1997/11/24/story4.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Partially in response to the competition, and to entice out-of-town guests, package deals including hotel rooms, Opryland tickets, and admission to the ''Grand Ole Opry'' were developed and marketed throughout the region.

Annual changes were made to the park to continue to attract local Nashvillians as well as out-of-town visitors. Large attractions such as the [[General Jackson (riverboat)|General Jackson Showboat]], new roller coasters, and water rides were installed on a biennial basis until 1989, with the opening of the [[Vekoma Illusion|Chaos]] roller coaster.<ref>{{cite news |title=Opryland's "Chaos' Coaster Combines Thrills, Senses |url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1989/03/19/oprylands-chaos-coaster-combines-thrills-senses/62620138007/ |access-date=May 5, 2025 |work=[[The Oklahoman]] |publisher=[[Gannett]] |date=March 19, 1989}}</ref> In the early 1990s, Opryland management—facing changing consumer preferences and limited land to expand upon—honored the park's initial concept and invested in its live music entertainment, rather than building traditional theme park attractions. The next (and final) large attraction to open would be [[Kong (roller coaster)|The Hangman]] roller coaster in 1995.<ref>{{cite book |title=Tennessee Rollercoasters! |year=1994 |publisher=Gallopade International |isbn=9780793353514 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=grV8tnoPi-EC&q=opryland+hangman+1995&pg=PA37 |access-date=May 1, 2020}}</ref>

Gaylord Broadcasting spun off Opryland USA, Inc. as a public company and renamed it Gaylord Entertainment Company on October 24, 1991.

The park took possession of Nashville's [[StarWalk]] and continued its tradition of adding commemorative plaques for country-music Grammy winners.<ref name="Goldsmith">{{cite news |last=Goldsmith |first=Thomas |date=March 19, 1992 |title=New stars travel Starwalk |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28981519/starwalk/ |newspaper=The Tennessean |location=Nashville, Tennessee |page=41 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301230809/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28981519/starwalk/ |archive-date=March 1, 2019 |url-status=live}} {{Open access}}</ref> In 1992, the [[Chevrolet]]-[[Geo (automobile)|Geo]] Celebrity Theater (renamed Chevrolet Theater in 1997 after [[General Motors]]' retired the Geo brand) was constructed on the site of the former Jukebox and Flip-Side theaters. With the construction of the park's new flagship venue, Opryland began attracting top country music acts for nightly concerts, included in the price of park admission. In 1994, Opryland began upcharging for the concerts and added two venues (Theater By The Lake and the Roy Acuff Theater) to the series, billing it as "Nashville On Stage". As part of this, the Chevrolet-Geo Theater and Theater By The Lake venues were expanded and partially enclosed. [[Alabama (American band)|Alabama]], [[George Jones]], [[Tammy Wynette]], [[Tanya Tucker]], and [[The Oak Ridge Boys]] took up residency during the summer of 1994, occupying the Chevrolet-Geo Celebrity Theater and Theater By The Lake, while the conventional concert series, featuring traveling artists, moved to the Roy Acuff Theater. During the day, the Roy Acuff Theater hosted a live version of ''[[Hee Haw]]'' based on the long-running TV series. After lackluster ticket sales, the multi-venue series was significantly scaled back after 1994. By Opryland's final season in 1997, only the Chevrolet Theater was hosting concerts.

During summer 1993, the popular [[Mark Goodson]] game show ''[[Family Feud]]'' traveled to Opryland and taped several weeks of episodes at the Chevrolet-Geo Celebrity Theater, which opened the show's sixth and final season with [[Ray Combs]] as host. These syndicated episodes began airing in September and featured some of country music's best-known stars including [[Porter Wagoner]], [[Boxcar Willie]], [[Charley Pride]], [[Brenda Lee]], [[Barbara Mandrell and the Mandrell Sisters|the Mandrells]], and the [[Statler Brothers]], as well as at least one week of resident Nashville families playing against each other. {{As of|2022}}, it remains the only time in the history of the long-running series that episodes have been taped on location.

Also, beginning in the early 1990s and continuing through its final season, as a nod to TNN's [[NASCAR]] coverage, as well as Opryland's official designation with NASCAR, the annual "TNN Salute to Motorsports" event took place over a week-long period. This included numerous motorsports exhibits as well as "meet-and-greets" with stock-car racing personalities.

In 1994, Gaylord Entertainment invested heavily in the renaissance of the entertainment district in downtown Nashville. The company converted an old Second Avenue building into the [[Wildhorse Saloon]] (unlike Opryland, an adults-only venue serving alcohol), renovated and reopened the [[Ryman Auditorium]] as a premier concert and theatre venue, and began to provide water taxi service along the Cumberland River between the docks adjacent to the amusement park and a dock downtown. The amusement park's official name was changed to "Opryland Themepark". "Opryland USA" was then designated as the destination name, to encompass all of Gaylord Entertainment's Nashville properties.

In September 1995 and September 1996, the Grizzly River Rampage was used as a course for the [[Bank of America|NationsBank]] Whitewater Championships, which in 1995 served as a qualifier for the [[1996 Summer Olympics]] in [[Atlanta]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Shipley Wins Men's Kayak At Nationals |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1996/sep/15/shipley-wins-mens-kayak-at-nationals/ |access-date=May 1, 2020 |work=spokesman.com |date=September 15, 1996 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161029/https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1996/sep/15/shipley-wins-mens-kayak-at-nationals/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Following those events (as well as 1997), the course was drained and a temporary Halloween attraction—Quarantine, tied into the storyline of the neighboring indoor roller coaster Chaos—was constructed in its bed.

In 1996, a third park gate was added near Chaos, which allowed pedestrian traffic between Opryland Hotel and Opryland Themepark for the first time.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Remains of Opryland USA |url=http://www.negative-g.com/opryland-usa/opryland-usa-2006.htm |website=negative-g.com |access-date=May 15, 2020 |archive-date=September 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200901092137/http://www.negative-g.com/opryland-usa/opryland-usa-2006.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> Previously, hotel guests wishing to visit the amusement park had been shuttled between the two on buses.

===Shuttering and demolition ===
[[File:101207-Nashville-OprylandD-003.JPG|right|thumb|The Delta atrium opened at the Opryland Hotel in 1996]]
Opryland was profitable from the beginning, and remained so even in its final years. From its inception, however, Opryland was handicapped by its location. The park was located on a triangular shaped tract having the Cumberland River on one side, and Briley Parkway on another. Opryland Hotel was built in 1977 on the third, shortest leg of the triangle. This not only exposed the park to occasional flooding, as in 1975, but hampered its ability to expand for new attractions as consumer preferences changed. Opryland was forced to remove older attractions to add new ones, as was the case with the Raft Ride in 1986 for the Old Mill Scream, and the Tin Lizzies in 1994 for [[The Hangman (roller coaster)|The Hangman]]. In 1993, Gaylord Entertainment embarked on the largest construction project in Nashville's history so far: the Delta. This project, which opened in 1996, added an enormous atrium, over 1,000 guestrooms, and a new convention complex to Opryland Hotel. By this time, Opryland had grown to {{convert|200|acre|km2}} in size. However, the Delta project tied up all of the remaining land contiguous to the park, leaving it with no room to grow.

Nashville's cold winter climate made year-round operation nearly impossible; seasons were restricted to weekends in the late fall and early spring expanding to daily in the summer.<ref name="Brown 2022">{{cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Laura |title=Looking Back at the Rushed 1997 Closure of Opryland USA |url=https://www.nashvillescene.com/news/coverstory/looking-back-at-the-rushed-1997-closure-of-opryland-usa/article_5cad5fc4-8215-11ed-a845-1f29bb40b636.html |access-date=May 4, 2025 |work=[[Nashville Scene]] |date=December 29, 2022}}</ref> Seasonal workers became hard to find because of the Nashville area's booming economy beginning in the 1980s, and Gaylord found itself with a labor shortage. Also, attendance plateaued through the first half of the 1990s.

In 1997, Gaylord Entertainment CEO E.W. "Bud" Wendell retired.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kingsbury |first=Paul |title=The Encyclopedia of Country Music |date=1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=197 |isbn=9780199920839 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tLZz02EzmBYC&q=Bud+Wendell&pg=PA197 |access-date=May 15, 2020 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161032/https://books.google.com/books?id=tLZz02EzmBYC&q=Bud+Wendell&pg=PA197 |url-status=live}}</ref> Wendell was a holdover from previous WSM, Inc. management, and he had been involved in Opryland management from the beginning. Wendell was replaced by Gaylord's Chief Financial Officer, Terry London. Unlike Wendell or Ed Gaylord, London had no sentimental ties to the facility or to the other Gaylord country-music properties. One of London's first acts as CEO refocused the company on its core hospitality businesses. London came to the conclusion that Opryland Themepark would not deliver the desired [[return on investment|rate of return]]. He and his team decided the amusement park should be replaced by a property usable year-round, rather than being closed for several months of the year (despite the next-door ''Opry'' holding weekend shows year-round).

Rumors began to surface during the summer of 1997 that Gaylord was considering selling or demolishing the theme park. The decision to close the park and replace it with a shopping mall named [[Opry Mills]] was made public that November, about a week after the end of the park's regular season.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1997/11/09/shoppertainment/ |work=Chicago Tribune |first=Carrington |last=Nelson |title=Shoppertainment |date=November 9, 1997 |access-date=January 26, 2012 |archive-date=July 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703123242/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1997-11-09/business/9711090025_1_opryland-hotel-opry-mills-gaylord-entertainment |url-status=live}}</ref>

Gaylord management, in conjunction with Mills Corporation, announced on November 4, 1997 that the entire property would close for two years for a $275 million renovation branded as "Destination Opryland". The property would include Opry Mills, as well as a marina on the Cumberland River near the General Jackson's dock, a TNN/CMT broadcast center with studio tours, a renovated Grand Ole Opry House (including a new stage design and new seating), and a revamped Opry Plaza that was to include retail, dining and entertainment options. Gaylord announced that around two-thirds of Opryland Themepark would remain, including existing rides and shows.<ref>{{cite news |title=SHOPPERTAINMENT |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1997-11-09-9711090025-story.html |access-date=May 1, 2020 |work=Chicago Tribune |date=November 9, 1997 |archive-date=August 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807145519/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1997-11-09-9711090025-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The plans for Destination Opryland were quietly abandoned, and only Opry Mills came to fruition. Company filings later showed that Opryland had quietly put 13 of its most popular attractions up for auction several weeks before the Destination Opryland announcement. .<ref>{{cite news |title=Attention, Shoppers: Opry Mills wants you |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/5805446/the-tennessean/ |access-date=May 7, 2020 |work=Tennessean |date=November 5, 1997 |archive-date=July 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709215722/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/5805446/the-tennessean/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The 1997 "Christmas in the Park" season was billed as a "last chance" for Nashvillians to see Opryland, though only a small portion of the park was open for the season, and many of the larger attractions were already being dismantled. The park closed permanently on December 31, 1997.<ref>{{cite web |title=Memory lane: Opryland timeline, gallery |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/nashville/news/2012/01/19/opryland-usa-timeline-gallery.html |website=bizjournals.com |access-date=May 7, 2020 |archive-date=August 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809115335/https://www.bizjournals.com/nashville/news/2012/01/19/opryland-usa-timeline-gallery.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In early 1998, the park's remaining merchandise, signage and fixtures were offered to the public in a parking-lot tent sale.

[[File:Canyon Blaster 1.JPG|left|thumb|The Rock n' Roller Coaster, now named Canyon Blaster, was moved to [[Six Flags Great Escape and Hurricane Harbor|The Great Escape]] in 2003]]

All five roller coasters and many other large attractions were sold to [[Six Flags#History of Premier Parks|Premier Parks]] as part of the auction for $7.034 million. The Hangman was relocated immediately to [[Six Flags Discovery Kingdom|Marine World]] in Northern California, where it became known as [[Kong (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom)|Kong]]. The remainder of the attractions were moved to a field near [[Thorntown, Indiana]], where the company was prepared to revive the dormant [[Old Indiana Fun Park]]. Those plans were soon scrapped when Premier Parks purchased [[Six Flags]] and adopted its corporate name. The pieces of Opryland's attractions sat rusting in the Indiana field until 2002, when the site was sold.<ref>{{cite news |title=Whatever happened to: Old Indiana Fun Park |url=https://www.indystar.com/story/news/history/retroindy/2015/07/31/whatever-happened-old-indiana-fun-park/30935317/ |access-date=May 1, 2020 |work=indystar.com |date=July 31, 2015 |archive-date=August 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809212808/https://www.indystar.com/story/news/history/retroindy/2015/07/31/whatever-happened-old-indiana-fun-park/30935317/ |url-status=live}}</ref> By 2006, the site had been cleared; it is now farmland. Some of the flat rides were sold for scrap metal, while the fate of many of the larger attractions remained unknown. However, in 2003, The Rock n' Roller Coaster was reassembled at [[Six Flags Great Escape and Hurricane Harbor|Six Flags Great Escape]] in [[Queensbury, New York]], where it became known as [[Canyon Blaster (Great Escape)|Canyon Blaster]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Family Coaster to Open This Summer at Great Escape |url=https://www.ultimaterollercoaster.com/news/archives/2003/stories/020403_01.shtml |access-date=May 14, 2020 |work=ultimaterollercoaster.com |date=February 4, 2003 |archive-date=August 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808002137/https://www.ultimaterollercoaster.com/news/archives/2003/stories/020403_01.shtml |url-status=live}}</ref> One of the Wabash Cannonball's cars also appeared at a park in Belgium as part of a Halloween display.

The Opryland Themepark site was cleared and paved as a parking lot for Opry Mills and the Grand Ole Opry House by July 1998, while construction of the mall took place primarily on the site of the theme park's parking lot.<ref>{{cite news |last=Edwards |first=Joe |title=OPRYLAND OBITUARY: THEME PARK IS GONE AFTER 26 YEARS |url=https://www.greensboro.com/opryland-obituary-theme-park-is-gone-after-26-years/article_8fd67653-81b7-5c2d-bbbe-25cb200c9f27.html |access-date=May 15, 2020 |work=greensboro.com |date=July 11, 1998 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161026/https://greensboro.com/opryland-obituary-theme-park-is-gone-after-26-years/article_8fd67653-81b7-5c2d-bbbe-25cb200c9f27.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Post-demolition===
The closure of Opryland USA had a significant negative effect on Nashville tourism from 1998 to 2000, with the Summer season of 1998 seeing a 40 percent year-over-year drop in tourism revenue.<ref name="Brown 2022"></ref> The demise of the park ultimately led the Nashville Convention and Visitors Corporation to shift its tourism marketing efforts toward making the city a year-round destination. Many of the efforts focused on the downtown district, as the area had seen a renaissance in the mid-to-late-1990s with (among other things) the construction of an [[Bridgestone Arena|indoor arena]] and [[Nissan Stadium (Nashville)|football stadium]], and was preparing for the relocation of the [[Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum]] and [[CMA Music Festival|Fan Fair]] to the downtown core.<ref name="Brown 2022"></ref>

Opry Mills opened May 12, 2000, under the ownership of Mills Corporation (later acquired by [[Simon Property Group]]). Gaylord Entertainment initially had a minority stake in the new shopping center, but later divested. When the arrangements for the future of the Opryland property were made public in 1997, Gaylord announced its intention to construct a new entry plaza for the Grand Ole Opry House with shops and restaurants, as well as a public marina and entertainment complex at Cumberland Landing (the General Jackson's port). However, these plans were quietly abandoned as Gaylord Entertainment became more focused on its hospitality business and the construction of two new Opryland Hotels near [[Gaylord Palms|Orlando, Florida]] and [[Gaylord Texan|Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas]].

The long low concrete levee wall which once separated the park's New Orleans, Riverside and State Fair areas from the Cumberland River is still part of the mall grounds, and visitors who enter the mall property from the McGavock Pike entrance can view remnants of the graded railroad embankment which once supported the tracks of the park's short-line railroad.

The Southern Living Cumberland River Cottage became a training center for hotel employees (Gaylord University), and was moved intact to the former location of Chaos until being torn down in 2010. The large administration building that briefly sat outside the park gates became the offices of the General Jackson and Music City Queen riverboats, and was moved intact to a location near the Cumberland Landing docks.

Much of the Opry Plaza area remained untouched and open for business. The Grand Ole Opry House, Roy Acuff Theater (later renamed [[BellSouth]] Acuff Theater), and the Grand Ole Opry Museum remained in constant use throughout and after demolition of the park. The buildings that once housed the [[Roy Acuff]] and [[Minnie Pearl]] museums eventually became the administrative offices of WSM radio. The Gaslight Theater became home to Gaylord Opryland's annual ICE! exhibit, and was utilized as a rental facility for television production, banquets, and other events. It was the only building left standing that once occupied the gated theme park.

[[File:2007-1012-Nashville-OprylandUSA-001.JPG|300px|right|thumb|Remnants of the Grizzly River Rampage were visible until 2011]]
Though much of the hardware had been removed, the course of the Grizzly River Rampage water ride was visible along the path between Opry Mills and Gaylord Opryland for 14 years after the ride entertained its final guests. In the fall of 2011, Gaylord Entertainment built a new events center designed mainly to hold the hotel's yearly "ICE!" exhibit nearby, clearing the old Grizzly River Rampage site in the process. By November 2011, all recognizable remnants of the theme park were gone.

In 2004, ''[[The Tennessean]]'' newspaper published a statement by Gaylord Entertainment, claiming that current company executives had found no evidence that previous management ever had a business plan for Opryland, let alone any strategic analysis that led to closing it. No compelling reasons had been found for the park's closure. Most of the Opryland-era executives left Gaylord Entertainment early in the decade, when it was refocused into a more hospitality-oriented company. In 2012, Gaylord CEO Colin Reed called the closing of Opryland "a bad idea". He said that he had spent much of his first year at Gaylord fielding complaints about the decision (he arrived at the company [replacing Terry London] in 2001, more than three years after the park was demolished).<ref>[http://www.tennessean.com/article/20120119/NEWS/301190061/Dolly-Parton-Gaylord-Opryland-announce-new-Nashville-amusement-park?odyssey=mod%7Cbreaking%7Ctext%7CFRONTPAGE]{{dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaylordhotels.com/media-room/management-team/colin-reed.html |title=Colin V. Reed, Gaylord Hotels Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer |publisher=Gaylordhotels.com |access-date=August 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919013935/http://www.gaylordhotels.com/media-room/management-team/colin-reed.html |archive-date=September 19, 2012}}</ref>

On January 19, 2012, Gaylord Entertainment announced plans to open a new theme park in Nashville near Opryland's former location. The plans called for a park that could be used nearly year-round, as a water park in the summer and snow park in the winter. It was planned to be a joint venture with [[Dolly Parton]] and [[Herschend Family Entertainment]] (owners/operators of [[Dollywood]] in [[Pigeon Forge, Tennessee]]) and was expected to open in 2014.<ref name="new park">{{cite web |url=http://www.newschannel5.com/story/16556165/gaylord-dolly-parton-announce-plans-for-theme-park |title=Gaylord, Dolly Parton Announce Plans For Theme Park | publisher=News Channel 5 |date=January 19, 2011 |access-date=January 19, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120122075938/http://www.newschannel5.com/story/16556165/gaylord-dolly-parton-announce-plans-for-theme-park| archive-date=2012-01-22}}</ref> Parton and Herschend backed out of the plans a few months later, citing Gaylord's decision to sell the rights to operate its hotel chain to [[Marriott International]] as a reason for exiting.<ref>http://www.tennessean.com/article/20121002/NEWS/310020020/Herschend-not-interested-Nashville-water-park-without-Dolly {{dead link|date=September 2021}}</ref> As a result of the joint venture's collapse, the project was scrapped.

As the company transitioned into a [[real estate investment trust]] in 2012, Gaylord Entertainment was renamed [[Ryman Hospitality Properties]] in October 2012.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gaylord Entertainment Renamed Ryman Hospitality; Marriott Now Managing Ryman Hotels and Nashville Attractions |url=http://www.inparkmagazine.com/gaylord-entertainment-renamed-ryman-hospitality-marriott-now-managing-ryman-hotels-and-nashville-attractions/ |access-date=May 7, 2020 |work=inparkmagazine.com |date=October 4, 2012 |archive-date=December 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204175622/http://www.inparkmagazine.com/gaylord-entertainment-renamed-ryman-hospitality-marriott-now-managing-ryman-hotels-and-nashville-attractions/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, Gaylord Entertainment's former CEO Bud Wendell talked about Opryland's closure, saying "Opryland was successful. And it was successful when they shut it down. We weren't losing money." Wendell also said that the decision was "the dumbest thing I've ever seen".<ref>{{cite news |last=Snyder |first=Eric |title=No, really: Why did Gaylord close Opryland USA? |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/nashville/news/2018/01/05/no-really-why-did-gaylord-close-opryland-usa.html |access-date=May 15, 2020 |work=bizjournals.com |date=January 5, 2018 |archive-date=August 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809120013/https://www.bizjournals.com/nashville/news/2018/01/05/no-really-why-did-gaylord-close-opryland-usa.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

====2010 Tennessee floods====
{{main|2010 Tennessee floods}}
The Opryland site was flooded in early May 2010, after two days of torrential downpours in the Nashville area caused the Cumberland River to overflow its banks.<ref>{{cite web |title=2010 Nashville flood: 10 things to know |url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/local/2018/04/30/nashville-flood-2010-cumberland-river-opry-mills-mall-garth-brooks/566974002/ |website=Tennessean |access-date=May 1, 2020 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226161013/https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/local/2018/04/30/nashville-flood-2010-cumberland-river-opry-mills-mall-garth-brooks/566974002/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The flood did not destroy any buildings on Gaylord property, but they were all severely damaged. Buildings that were demolished—rather than repaired—after the flood include the former TNN/CMT broadcast center, Roy Acuff Theater, Gaslight Theater, the Gaylord University building, the WSM administration buildings (former Minnie Pearl and Roy Acuff museums), and the former Opryland Hospitality Center.

Gaylord Opryland, the Grand Ole Opry House, and the General Jackson were closed for several months and all reopened in late 2010. The Grand Ole Opry Museum did not reopen. Many of its contents were lost in the flood, returned to their owners from loan, or relocated to a new museum space inside Ryman Auditorium. Opry Mills became entangled in a legal battle over flood insurance payout which was ongoing as of March 2015,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nashvillepost.com/news/2015/3/18/opry_mills_wins_in_200m_flood_insurance_dispute|title=Opry Mills wins in $200M flood insurance dispute|first=J.R.|last=Lind|website=Nashville Post|date=March 18, 2015|access-date=March 25, 2015|archive-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402141301/https://www.nashvillepost.com/news/2015/3/18/opry_mills_wins_in_200m_flood_insurance_dispute|url-status=live}}</ref> stalling its [[environmental remediation|flood repairs]] for several months, and finally reopening on March 29, 2012.

As of 2025, only three structures from the theme park era remain on the property in their original locations: the Grand Ole Opry House, the Roy Acuff House (now the [[WSM (AM)|WSM Radio]] studio), and the former Grand Ole Opry Museum (now the company's training center). The Cumberland Landing building was relocated from the gates of the theme park to the riverbank upon demolition of the park. It was vacated following the flood and became a [[Paula Deen]]-themed restaurant in 2020 after extensive renovations and a sizeable addition.

==Park areas==
Opryland contained nine themed areas, most of which featured a motif centered on various types of American music.

===Opry Plaza===
[[File:Opry-house, Nashville.jpg|thumb|The Grand Ole Opry House, the former centerpiece of Opry Plaza, in 2005]]
Opry Plaza served as the main entry and exit point for Opryland, and contained the park's three primary gates. The majority of Opry Plaza sat outside the gates, meaning it was accessible to guests with or without park tickets. It had an [[antebellum architecture|antebellum]]-inspired architectural theme, and featured music from ''Grand Ole Opry'' members playing on the speakers. Its centerpiece was the Grand Ole Opry House. Opry Plaza housed no thrill attractions, but was home to the park's ticket booths, as well as the Roy Acuff Theatre, Grand Ole Opry Museum, Opryland Hospitality Center, Southern Living Cumberland River Cottage, WSM-FM studio, and the Gaslight Theatre/TNN Studio. Opry Plaza connected to Hill Country, Doo Wah Diddy City, and the parking lot.

During and after the park's demolition, portions of Opry Plaza remained undisturbed and open for business. Today, it continues to serve as the area surrounding the Grand Ole Opry House, though many of its remaining buildings were demolished following the [[2010 Tennessee floods]].

===Hill Country/Opry Village===
Hill Country (renamed Opry Village in 1994) was themed around bluegrass and folk (acoustical) music and was designed to resemble the [[Appalachia]] region of the United States. It featured the Folk Music Theatre, which was sponsored by [[Martha White]], and later [[C.F. Martin & Company]]. The main attraction of Hill Country was the Dulcimer Splash [[log ride]] (originally named Flume Zoom, and briefly called [[Nestea]] Plunge). The Grinder's Switch Train Station (named for the [[Grinder's Switch, Tennessee|real-life railroad switch]] that represented the fictitious hometown of ''Grand Ole Opry'' star [[Minnie Pearl]]) was also located in this area, providing round-trip service to the El Paso Train Station in American West Area. Hill Country connected to Opry Plaza and New Orleans Area.

===New Orleans Area===
The New Orleans Area was themed around [[Dixieland]] music. Buildings in the area resembled architecture in the [[French Quarter]] area of [[New Orleans, Louisiana]]. It contained the New Orleans Bandstand, which featured live jazz shows throughout the day, and often played host to a comedy-music show featuring Opry star [[Mike Snider (musician)|Mike Snider]]. The [[Screamin' Delta Demon]] roller coaster was added to the New Orleans Area in 1984, extending the theme to include the [[Mississippi River Delta]]. A new park gate was built adjacent to the Demon, but it was not prominently promoted. One of the two Skyride stations was located in New Orleans Area, offering one-way service to Doo Wah Diddy City. New Orleans Area was connected to Hill Country, Riverside Area, and the parking lot.

===Riverside Area===
The Riverside Area had no specific musical or architectural theme, and was named such because it bordered the Cumberland River, although the riverbank was not prominently featured. It was home to the American Music Theater, the gated park's only indoor venue. The American Music Theatre was home to "I Hear America Singing", changing over to "For Me And My Gal" in 1982, then "The Big Broadcast", and "And The Winner Is...". In later years, "For Me And My Gal" and "I Hear America Singing" were revived in this venue. The Opryland Carousel was located at Riverside, as well as K.C.'s Kids' Club, one of the park's two attractions geared exclusively toward children. Prior to the introduction of the K.C. character, the children's area had been sponsored by [[General Mills]], with the attractions featuring cartoon characters from its various brands of cereals. Riverside Area connected to New Orleans Area and American West Area.

===American West Area===
The American West Area celebrated the [[American frontier]] and featured [[Western music (North America)|Western music]]. Its buildings were designed to resemble the architecture of [[El Paso, Texas]] in the 1870s. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, a theatre in the shape of a showboat hosted a live show with music from (or in the styles of) the 1890s to 1900. In 1983, the façade of the theatre was changed, and it hosted "Sing Tennessee" – a version of the show produced by Opryland for the [[1982 World's Fair]] in [[Knoxville, Tennessee|Knoxville]]. By the mid-1980s, the theatre was converted again to the Durango Theatre, home to the long-running "Way Out West" musical production. The Tin Lizzie antique car ride was located here until 1994, when it was replaced by The Hangman inverted roller coaster, the last major attraction to be installed at Opryland. A small indoor theatre, the La Cantina, existed in American West in the park's early years, featuring an improvisation revue that underwent frequent title changes, until the theatre was converted into a video arcade and recording studio for guests. The Angle Inn was also here, where guests watched a performance in a sloped room where a human named "Bobby" would interact with talking portraits on the wall while demonstrating various illusions based on the incline that made the room appear level. The American West Area also housed the El Paso Train Station, which provided round-trip service to Grinder's Switch Train Station in Hill Country. Though one of Opryland's smallest areas, its central location allowed it to serve as somewhat of a hub, connecting to Riverside Area and Lakeside Area, and as part of a three-way intersection with Doo Wah Diddy City and Grizzly Country.

===Lakeside Area===
The Lakeside Area celebrated modern country music, and was home to the Theatre By The Lake, host to the long-running "Country Music USA" musical production. It prominently featured Eagle Lake, a man-made reservoir that originally housed the Raft Ride, until it was replaced by the Old Mill Scream in 1987. The Barnstormer airplane ride sat on the lakeshore. It also served as home to the other of the park's two Kids' Club areas, which in its later years was centered on Professor U.B. Sharp, a character who taught music to children. The Skycoaster was relocated here from State Fair in 1997, in an effort to increase ridership. Lakeside Area connected to State Fair and American West Area.

===State Fair===
The State Fair area was added to the park in 1975 (replacing a [[American bison|buffalo]] exhibit) and themed to resemble the [[midway (fair)|midway]] at a typical [[state fair]], with its central attraction being the Wabash Cannonball roller coaster. Also located in this area was the park's [[petting zoo]], the Country Bumpkin [[bumper cars|Bump Cars]], the Tennessee Waltz [[swing ride]], and a large stable of carnival-style games. State Fair also contained a picnic pavilion, typically closed to the general public, designed to host functions for large groups that were visiting the park. Skycoaster was erected adjacent to the picnic pavilion, and remained there during the 1995 and 1996 seasons, before moving to Lakeside Area in 1997. State Fair connected to Lakeside Area and Grizzly Country.

===Grizzly Country===
Grizzly Country was Opryland's last major expansion project, in 1981. It was constructed primarily to house the Grizzly River Rampage [[river rafting ride]]. Chaos, an indoor roller coaster, was installed in Grizzly Country, and opened on April 8, 1989.<ref>{{cite news |title=WELCOME TO CHAOS |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1989-04-30-8904090223-story.html |access-date=May 1, 2020 |work=Chicago Tribune |date=April 30, 1989 |archive-date=August 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807152624/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1989-04-30-8904090223-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref> For a while in the 1980s, Grizzly Country was home to a [[Mrs. Winner's Chicken & Biscuits]] fast-food location. Grizzly Country connected to State Fair and was part of a three-way intersection with American West Area and Doo Wah Diddy City. In 1996, following completion of the Delta expansion at Opryland Hotel, a park gate was added (adjacent to Chaos), allowing for pedestrian traffic between the park and the resort for the first time.

===Music of Today ("Mod")/Doo Wah Diddy City===
The Music of Today, also called the "Mod" area, celebrated modern pop and rock music. Because the rapidly changing trends in those genres made the area difficult to keep current, this area was re-themed and became Doo Wah Diddy City in 1979. Though its name implied [[doo-wop]], this area celebrated pop music and rock and roll, beginning with their origins in the 1950s. It was home to the Rock n' Roller Coaster (originally called Timber Topper), Opryland's first thrill ride. Also in Doo Wah Diddy City was the Little Deuce Coupe, a teacups-style ride housed in a geodesic dome. The ride had previously been open-air and called the Disc Jockey. A Skyride station offering one-way service to the New Orleans Area also called the area home. The section featured a dual-sided theatre called the Jukebox and the Flip Side, which was removed in 1991 to make way for Opryland's new centerpiece, the Chevrolet-Geo Celebrity Theatre. Doo Wah Diddy City connected to Opry Plaza, American West Area, and Grizzly Country.

==Major productions==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year(s)!! Show Title!! Venue !! Creative Team
|-
| −1981 || Country Music USA || Roy Acuff Theatre ||Dir: Phil Padgett<br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir: Joe Jerles
|-
| 1982– || Country Music USA || Theatre By The Lake ||Dir:<br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir: Joe Jerles
|-
| −1981 || I Hear America Singing || American Music Theatre || Dir: George Mallonee<br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir: Joe Jerles
|-
| 1982– || I Hear America Singing || Roy Acuff Theatre || Dir: George Mallonee<br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir: Joe Jerles
|-| -1981 || For Me And My Gal || Venue || Dir: George Mallonee <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir: Stan Tucker
|-
|1977–1981 || For Me And My Gal || Gaslight Theatre ||Dir: Phil Padgett and George Mallonee <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir: Stan Tucker
|-
| 1982– || For Me And My Gal || American Music Theatre ||Dir: George Mallonee <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir: Stan Tucker
|-
|−1982 || Showboat || Showboat Theatre ||Dir: Phil Pagett, Rich Boyd <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />
|-
| 1983 || Sing Tennessee || ||Dir:<br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir:

|-
| ?|| The Big Broadcast || American Music Theatre ||Dir: <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir:
|-
| ?|| And The Winner Is || American Music Theatre ||Dir: <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir:
|-
| ?|| Music, Music, Music || Roy Acuff Theatre ||Dir:George Mallonee <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir:
|-
| ?|| Way Out West || Durango Theatre ||Dir: <br />Chor: Jean Whittaker<br />Arr: Lloyd Wells<br />M.Dir:
|}

==Rides==
[[File:Skyride Opryland 1.jpg|thumb|right|View from the Skyride in 1975. The "Tin Lizzie" old-timey car ride is visible, with the New Orleans and Riverside areas in the background. "Tin Lizzie" was removed for "The Hangman" roller coaster in 1995.]]
{| class= "wikitable sortable sticky-header"
|-
!Ride
!Park area
!Year built
!Year demolished
!Description
|-
|[[Kong (roller coaster)|The Hangman]]
|American West
|1995
|1997
|A [[Vekoma]] suspended looping coaster, and the final major attraction added to Opryland.<br />Now operating as [[Kong (roller coaster)|Kong]] at [[Six Flags Discovery Kingdom]] in [[Vallejo, California]].
|-
|[[Wabash Cannonball (roller coaster)|Wabash Cannonball]]
|State Fair
|1975
|1997 
|[[Arrow Dynamics]] corkscrew coaster. Relocated to the [[Old Indiana Fun Park]] in [[Thorntown, Indiana]] in 1998, where it sat unbuilt for several years. Eventually scrapped in 2003.
|-
|[[Canyon Blaster (Great Escape)|Rock n' Roller Coaster]]
|Doo Wah Diddy City
|1972 
|1997
|An [[Arrow Dynamics]] runaway mine train coaster, originally called "Timber Topper" and renamed for the 1978 season.<br />Relocated to the [[Old Indiana Fun Park]] in [[Thorntown, Indiana]] where it sat unbuilt for several years. In 2003, it was relocated to [[Six Flags Great Escape and Hurricane Harbor|Great Escape]] in [[Queensbury, New York]] and is now operating as [[Canyon Blaster (Great Escape)|Canyon Blaster]].
|-
|[[Chaos (roller coaster)|Chaos]]
|Grizzly Country
|1989
|1997
|An Enclosed [[Vekoma]] [[Vekoma Illusion|Illusion]] roller coaster. Relocated to the [[Old Indiana Fun Park]] in [[Thorntown, Indiana]] in 1998, where it sat unbuilt for several years. Eventually scrapped around 2006. One of only two ever constructed, its twin, [[:nl:Revolution (Bobbejaanland)|"Revolution" (Dutch Wiki)]] at [[Bobbejaanland]] in [[Lichtaart]], [[Belgium]], continues to operate.
|-
|[[Screamin' Delta Demon]]
|New Orleans
|1984
|1997
|An [[Intamin]] bobsled coaster. Relocated to the [[Old Indiana Fun Park]] in [[Thorntown, Indiana]] in 1998, where it sat unbuilt for several years. Eventually scrapped around 2006.
|-
|-
|Grizzly River Rampage
|Grizzly Country
|1981
|1997
|An [[Intamin]] river rapids raft ride was relocated to [[Kentucky Kingdom]] in [[Louisville, Kentucky]] now known as the Raging Rapids River Ride.
|-
|Old Mill Scream
|Lakeside
|1987
|1997
|A Shoot the chutes boat ride<br />Now operating as Lumberjack Falls at [[Wild Waves Theme Park]] in [[Federal Way, Washington]].
|-
|Dulcimer Splash
|Hill Country
|1972
|1997
|A Log Flume ride. Originally named "Flume Zoom" from 1972-1991. Also named "Nestea Plunge" in 1979 as part of a sponsorship agreement.<br />Relocated to the [[Old Indiana Fun Park]] in [[Thorntown, Indiana]] in 1998, where it sat unbuilt for several years. Eventually scrapped.
|-
|Tin Lizzies
|American West
|1972
|1995
|An antique car ride. Removed for "The Hangman".<br />
|-
|Barnstormer
|Lakeside
|1978
|1997
|A 100-foot-tall spinning airplane ride
|-
|[[Opryland Railroad]]
|Hill Country<br />American West
|1972
|1997
|A 3&nbsp;ft [[Narrow gauge railways|narrow gauge]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.greatamericaparks.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=158|title=Santa Clara Train...where is it now? - GREATAMERICAparks.com|website=www.greatamericaparks.com|access-date=2021-09-14|archive-date=2021-09-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914134907/https://www.greatamericaparks.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=158|url-status=live}}</ref> train ride that went through and around the park, traversing all areas except New Orleans and Opry Plaza
|-
|Skyride 
|New Orleans<br />Doo Wah Diddy City
|1972
|1997
|[[Von Roll]] type 101 sky ride. Trams were relocated to Riverside Park (later renamed to [[Six Flags New England]] in 2000) in 1998 for the parks New England Sky Way, which in turn would later be demolish to make room for the [[SkyScreamer|New England Sky Screamer]].
|-
|Little Deuce Coupe
|Doo Wah Diddy City
|1972
|1997
|An Intamin Drunken Barrels ride. Originally open-air and called "Disc Jockey". Enclosed and renamed for the 1978 season.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Hang on Tight! A Retrospective Look at the 2nd Generation of Amusement Rides (1950s–1980s)|last=Kennedy|first=Jeremy|publisher=PM Assistant LLC|year=2016|isbn=978-0-9978813-3-2|page=138}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thrillhunter.com/LittleDeuceCoupe.html|title=Little Deuce Coupe|website=www.thrillhunter.com|access-date=2020-02-02|archive-date=2020-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202030810/http://www.thrillhunter.com/LittleDeuceCoupe.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Tennessee Waltz
|State Fair
|1975
|1997
|A Wave Swinger ride
|-
|Sharp's Shooters
|Professor U.B. Sharp's Kids' Club (Lakeside)
|1972
|1997
|A kiddie coaster. Originally named "Mini Timber Topper" and later "Little Rock 'n Roller Coaster"
|-
|Ryman's Ferry Raft Ride
|Lakeside
|1972
|1986
|Simulated ride on wooden rafts. Removed for "Old Mill Scream". First attraction removed from Opryland.
|-
|[[Skycoaster]]
|Lakeside<br /><small>State Fair (1995–1996)</small>
|1995
|1997
|Suspended swinging ride, an upcharge attraction. Originally constructed in State Fair Area, moved in 1997 to Lakeside Area
|-
|Country Bumpkin Bumper Cars
|State Fair
|1975
|1997
|Bumper Cars
|-
|Carousel 
|Riverside Area
|1972
|1997
|A vintage carousel; Removed in the 1980s and replaced with a bird show; restored in the early 1990s.
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
*[http://www.thrillhunter.com/ ThrillHunter] – a site devoted to preserving Opryland USA's history
*{{RCDB|4562}}
*[https://groups.yahoo.com/group/memoriesofoprylandusa/ Memories of Opryland Yahoo! Group] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022064409/http://groups.yahoo.com/group/memoriesofoprylandusa/ |date=October 22, 2012}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120904124044/http://timelines.home.insightbb.com/ol_years.htm Opryland USA Timeline]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070931/http://www.tennesseeconcerts.com/opryland Pictures & Videos of Opryland USA Theme Park]

{{Nashville landmarks}}
{{Navigation Applause Award}}
{{Ryman Hospitality Properties}}

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[[Category:1972 establishments in Tennessee]]
[[Category:1997 disestablishments in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Defunct amusement parks in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Economy of Nashville, Tennessee]]
[[Category:Culture of Nashville, Tennessee]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Davidson County, Tennessee]]
[[Category:Ryman Hospitality Properties]]
[[Category:Grand Ole Opry]]
[[Category:Landmarks in Tennessee]]
[[Category:Amusement parks opened in 1972]]
[[Category:Amusement parks closed in 1997]]
[[Category:Articles with WikiMiniAtlas displaying incorrectly; WMA not showing area]]