View source for Oravița

{{For|the river in Caraș-Severin County|Oravița (river)}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2013}}
{{Infobox Romanian subdivision
|type               = town
|county             = Caraș-Severin
|official_name      = Oravița
|population_total   = auto
|image_flag         =
|image_shield       = ROU CS Oravita CoA.png
|image_map          = Oravita jud Caras-Severin.svg
|map_caption        = Location in Caraș-Severin County
|image_skyline      = Mâța Neagră (2).JPG
|image_caption      = 
|image_location     = 
|leader_name        = Dumitru Ursu<ref>{{cite web |url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/romania-pv-final |title=Results of the 2020 local elections |publisher=Central Electoral Bureau |access-date=8 June 2021 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|leader_party       = PSD
|term               = 2020&ndash;2024
|coordinates = {{coord|45|2|25|N|21|41|7|E|region:RO|display=it}}
|elevation          = 253
|elevation_min      = 
|elevation_max      = 
|area_total         = 162.64
|population_as_of   = 
|population_footnotes = 
|postal_code        = 325600
|area_code          = 
|website            = {{url|http://www.oravita.ro}}
}}
'''Oravița''' ({{IPA|ro|oˈravit͡sa}}; {{langx|hu|Oravicabánya}}; {{langx|de|Orawitz}}; {{langx|cs|Oravice}}; {{lang-sh-Latn-Cyrl|Oravica|separator=/|Оравица}}) is a town in the [[Banat]] region of [[Romania]], in [[Caraș-Severin County]], with a population of 9,346 in 2021. Its theater is a fully functional scaled down version of the old [[Burgtheater]] in [[Vienna]]. 

Six villages are administered by the town: Agadici (''Agadics''; ''Agaditsch''), Brădișoru de Jos (until 1960 ''Maidan''; ''Majdán''), Broșteni (''Brostyán''), Ciclova Montană (''Csiklóbánya''; ''Montan-Tschiklowa''), Marila (''Marillavölgy''; ''Marillathal'') and Răchitova (''Rakitova'').
{{Historical populations
|source = Census data
|1930 |9585
|1948 |6974
|1956 |8175
|1966 |9912
|1977 |14987
|1992 |15293
|2002 |15222
|2011 |10225
|2021 |9346
}}

==Etymology==
The name of the town is derived from the Slavic word ''[[wikt:orah|orah(ov)]]'', meaning "(of) [[walnut]]" with suffix ''-ița''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Iordan |first=Iorgu |author-link=Iorgu Iordan |title=Toponimia romînească |oclc=460710897 |year=1963 |publisher=Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne |location=Bucharest |page=84 }}</ref>

==Villages==
===Agadici===
The history of Agadici can be traced back to at least the 17th century, when records noted a population of "800 souls". Today, there are fewer than 200 people living in Agadici. Agadici is a word derived from [[Turkish language|Turkish]]: ''[[Agha (Ottoman Empire)|Aga]]'' meaning 'colonel' and ''dici'' meaning 'daughter'. Therefore, ''Agadici'' means "daughter of the colonel". The town was supposedly named after a colonel's daughter when the [[Ottoman Empire]] occupied the land that is now the [[Banat]] (''see the [[Temeşvar Eyalet]]'').

===Ciclova Montană===
The second-oldest beer in what is now Romania was produced in Ciclova; it is first attested in a document of 1728. In the beginning, production was under the management and patronage of the local Catholic monastery. Known as "bere Ciclova" in later years, the firm went bankrupt in 1996.<ref>{{in lang|ro}} Cristian Franț, [http://adevarul.ro/locale/resita/foto-berea-ciclova-brand-extrem-puternic-murit-subit-1_51c7ef12c7b855ff56bebbf8/index.html "Berea Ciclova, un brand extrem de puternic care a murit subit"], ''[[Adevărul]]'', June 24, 2013</ref>

==Natives==
* [[Florin Bătrânu]] (born 1971), footballer 
* [[Cristian Boldea]] (born 1985), footballer 
* [[Radu Pavel Gheo]] (born 1969), fiction writer and essayist
* [[Adolf Humborg]] (1847–1921), Austrian painter
* [[Kálmán Kerpely]] (1864–1940), Hungarian agronomist
* [[András Lévai]] (1908–2003), Hungarian engineer and academic
* [[Simeon Mangiuca]] (1831–1890), folklorist
* [[Kálmán Mihalik]] (1896–1922), Hungarian physician and composer

==Climate==
Oravița has a [[humid continental climate]] (''Cfb'' in the [[Köppen climate classification]]).

<div style="width:70%;">
{{Weather box
|location = Oravița
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan high C = 2.7
|Feb high C = 4.7
|Mar high C = 10.1
|Apr high C = 15.9
|May high C = 20.4
|Jun high C = 23.8
|Jul high C = 25.9
|Aug high C = 26.1
|Sep high C = 20.8
|Oct high C = 15.4
|Nov high C = 9.9
|Dec high C = 4
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = -0.6
|Feb mean C = 1
|Mar mean C = 5.6
|Apr mean C = 11.2
|May mean C = 15.9
|Jun mean C = 19.4
|Jul mean C = 21.4
|Aug mean C = 21.5
|Sep mean C = 16.6
|Oct mean C = 11.3
|Nov mean C = 6.3
|Dec mean C = 1
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = -3.8
|Feb low C = -2.6
|Mar low C = 1.1
|Apr low C = 6.2
|May low C = 10.8
|Jun low C = 14.3
|Jul low C = 16.4
|Aug low C = 16.5
|Sep low C = 12.5
|Oct low C = 7.5
|Nov low C = 3.3
|Dec low C = -1.7
|year low C =
|Jan precipitation mm = 66
|Feb precipitation mm = 62
|Mar precipitation mm = 68
|Apr precipitation mm = 90
|May precipitation mm = 93
|Jun precipitation mm = 110
|Jul precipitation mm = 92
|Aug precipitation mm = 75
|Sep precipitation mm = 79
|Oct precipitation mm = 65
|Nov precipitation mm = 63
|Dec precipitation mm = 74
|year precipitation =
|date=May 2021|source=https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/caras-severin/oravita-15644/}}
</div>

==Anina–Oravița railway==
The rail line from Anina to Oravița was the first [[mountain railway]] in [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]] and today's Romania. Opened in 1863, it is still in use today for touristic purposes, and it is one of the most beautiful railways in Europe due to very picturesque landscapes, viaducts,  and long tunnels.

{{gallery
|File:Anina-Oravita 03 2010.jpg|View from the Oravița–Anina [[mountain railway]] in 2010
|File:Biserica "Adormirea Maicii Domnului" 3.jpg|Church of the Assumption, Oravița (1781–1784)
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Sister bar|auto=y}}
{{Caraș-Severin County}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Oravita}}
[[Category:Populated places in Caraș-Severin County]]
[[Category:Localities in Romanian Banat]]
[[Category:Towns in Romania]]
[[Category:Mining communities in Romania]]
[[Category:Place names of Slavic origin in Romania]]
[[Category:Capitals of former Romanian counties]]