View source for Otto I, Landgrave of Hesse

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{{Expand German|topic=bio|Otto I. (Hessen)|date=October 2012}}
{{Infobox nobility|
| name         = Otto I
| title        = [[Landgrave of Hesse]]
| image        = File:Arms of the house of Hesse.svg
| image_size   = 
| spouse       = Adelheid of Ravensberg
| issue        = [[Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse|Henry II the Iron]]<br>[[Otto of Hesse|Otto]], [[Archbishop of Magdeburg]]<br>[[Louis the Junker of Hesse|Louis the Junker]]<br>[[Herman I, Landgrave of Hesse|Hermann I the Elder]]<br>Elisabeth
| noble family = [[House of Hesse]]
| father       = [[Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse]]
| mother       = Adelheid of Brunswick-Lüneburg
| birth_date   = {{Circa|1272}}
| birth_place  = [[Marburg]]
| death_date   = {{death date and age|1328|1|17|1272|df=y}}
| death_place  = [[Kassel]]
}}
'''Otto I''' ({{Circa|1272}}{{Snd}}17 January 1328) was Landgrave of [[Upper Hesse]] from 1308 and then [[Landgraviate of Hesse|Landgrave of Lower Hesse]] from 1311 until his death.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2023 |title=Hessen, Otto I. Landgraf von |url=https://www.lagis-hessen.de/pnd/13845929 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Hessische Biografie |publisher=Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS)|language=de}}</ref>

Otto was born in [[Marburg]], a son of [[Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse]] and his first wife [[Adelheid of Brunswick-Lunenburg]].  Following the death of his father in 1308, he inherited Upper Hesse, the "Land on the [[Lahn]]", which included [[Marburg]], [[Giessen]], [[Grünberg, Hesse|Grünberg]] and [[Alsfeld]].  After his half-brother [[John of Hesse|John]] died in 1311, he also became landgrave of [[Lower Hesse]].  This included the area below the [[Fulda]], [[Eder (Fulda)|Eder]], [[Schwalm (Eder)|Schwalm]], [[Werra]], and the upper reaches of the [[Weser]], with the residence of [[Kassel]], as well as the towns of [[Homberg (Efze)]], [[Melsungen]], and [[Rotenburg an der Fulda]].

After Otto inherited the whole Landgraviate, he resided alternately in Kassel and Marburg.  Otto had a long conflict with the [[Archbishop of Mainz]], [[Matthias von Bucheck, Archbishop of Mainz|Matthias von Bucheck]].  In 1324 Mainz won the battle in the Lahnberg with help from troops from [[Amöneburg]].  In 1327, Mainz adopted [[Giessen]] with the help of troops from the [[Electorate of Trier]], but the citizens of the town quickly enabled Otto to regain control. Only after Otto's victory at Wetzlar and with the mediation of King [[John of Bohemia|John of Luxembourg]] in 1328 was conciliation made possible.

Otto died on 17 January 1328 in [[Kassel]], and was buried in the Ahnaberg monastery.

==Family and children==
He was married 1297 in [[Elisabeth Church (Marburg)|Saint Elisabethkirche, Marburg]] to [[Adelheid of Ravensberg]], daughter of Count [[Otto III of Ravensberg]] and had the following children:
# [[Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse|Henry II the Iron]] (d. 3 June 1376, [[Kassel]]).
# [[Otto of Hesse|Otto]] (1301&ndash;1361, [[Wolmirstedt]]), [[Archbishop of Magdeburg]].
# [[Louis the Junker of Hesse|Louis the Junker]] (d. 2 February 1345).  Father of [[Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse|Hermann II of Hesse]].
# [[Herman I, Landgrave of Hesse|Herman I the Elder]] (d. 1368/70).
# Elisabeth (d. 30 May 1373), married before 8 May 1336 to Duke [[Rudolf II, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg|Rudolf II of Saxony]].

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|[[House of Hesse]]||{{circa|1272}}|17 January|1328}}
{{s-reg}}
{{s-new|creation}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Rulers of Hesse|Landgrave of Upper Hesse]]|years=1308–1328}}
{{S-aft|rows=2|after=[[Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse|Henry II]]|as=Landgrave of Hesse}}
{{S-break}}
{{S-bef|before=[[John, Landgrave of Lower Hesse|John]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=Landgrave of Lower Hesse|years=1311–1328}}
{{S-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Otto 01, Landgrave of Hesse}}
[[Category:1270s births]]
[[Category:1328 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:People from Marburg]]
[[Category:Landgraves of Hesse]]
[[Category:House of Hesse]]
[[Category:Burials at St. Elizabeth's Church, Marburg]]


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