View source for Our Lady of Fátima

{{Short description|Title for Mary, mother of Jesus}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox Catholic apparition
| name       = Our Lady of Fátima
| full_name  = Our Lady of the Holy Rosary of Fátima 
| image      = Fatima (3 – cropped).jpg
| size       = 
| alt        = 
| caption    = The [[Canonical coronation|canonically crowned]] image enshrined within the [[Chapel of the Apparitions]]
| map        =
| msize      =  
| malt       =
| mcaption   =
| location   = [[Fátima, Portugal]]
| date       = 13 May to 13 October 1917
| witness    = {{hlist|[[Sister Lúcia|Lúcia dos Santos]]; [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]]}}
| type       = [[Marian apparition]]
| approval   = {{ubl|13 October 1930: [[José Alves Correia da Silva]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Leiria|Bishop of Leiria]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fatima.org/about/fatima-the-facts/approval-by-the-bishop-1930/|title=Approval by the Bishop (1930)|website=The Fatima Center|date=9 February 2017 |access-date=2019-10-10|quote=[W]e hereby: 1. Declare worthy of belief, the visions of the shepherd children in the Cova da Iria, parish of Fatima, in this diocese, from the 13th May to 13th October, 1917. 2. Permit officially the cult of Our Lady of Fatima.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lucia-dos-Santos|title=Lúcia dos Santos|website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|access-date=2019-10-10|quote=After years of investigation, the veneration of Our Lady of Fátima was authorized by the bishop of Leiria, Portugal, on October 13, 1930.}}</ref>|25 April 1946: Pontifical decree of coronation by [[Pope Pius XII]]}}
| venerated_in= [[Catholic Church]]
| shrine     = [[Sanctuary of Fátima|Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima]], [[Cova da Iria]], [[Fátima, Portugal]]
| patronage  = {{hlist|[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Leiria-Fátima]] | [[East Timor]] | [[Guyana]] | [[Suriname]]}}
| attributes =
| feast_day  = 13 May
}}
'''Our Lady of Fátima''' ({{langx|pt|Nossa Senhora de Fátima}}, {{IPA|pt|ˈnɔsɐ sɨˈɲɔɾɐ ðɨ ˈfatimɐ|pron}}; formally known as '''Our Lady of the Holy Rosary of Fátima''') is a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[Titles of Mary|title]] of <!--Please do not change back to "Blessed Virgin" or other title, without discussion on Talk.--> [[Mary, mother of Jesus]],<!--ON first mention, this more descriptive term is better for audiences who may not be familiar. This is explanatory to a wide range of people. Other Marian title are linked throughout page. Thanks for your cooperation--> based on the [[Marian apparition]]s reported in 1917 by three shepherd children at the [[Cova da Iria]] in [[Fátima, Portugal]]. The three children were [[Sister Lúcia|Lúcia dos Santos]] and her cousins [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]]. [[José Alves Correia da Silva]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Leiria|Bishop of Leiria]], declared the events worthy of belief on 13 October 1930.<ref name=worthy>{{cite web|url=http://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/statements/fatima_statement_02.html|title=Results of the Investigative Commission|date=October 1930|access-date=3 June 2017}}</ref>

[[Pope Pius XII]] granted a pontifical decree of [[canonical coronation]] via the [[papal bull]] {{lang|la|Celeberrima solemnia}} towards the venerated image on 25 April 1946. The designated [[papal legate]], Cardinal [[Benedetto Aloisi Masella]], carried out the coronation on 13 May 1946, now permanently enshrined at the Chapel of the Apparitions of Fátima. The same Roman Pontiff also raised the [[Sanctuary of Fátima]] to the status of a [[minor basilica]] by the [[Ecclesiastical letter#Letters of the popes in modern times|apostolic letter]] {{lang|la|Luce superna}} on 11 November 1954.

The published memoirs of [[Sister Lúcia]] in the 1930s revealed two [[Three Secrets of Fátima|secrets that she claimed came from the Virgin Mary]], while the third secret was to be revealed by the Catholic Church in 1960. The controversial events at Fátima, including the [[Miracle of the Sun]], gained fame due partly to elements of the secrets, [[prophecy]] and [[Christian eschatology|eschatological]] revelations allegedly related to the [[World War II|Second World War]] and possibly more global wars in the future, particularly the Virgin's request for the [[Consecration of Russia]] to the [[Immaculate Heart of Mary]].

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==History==

=== Marian apparitions ===
[[File:ChildrensofFatima.jpg|thumb|left|150px|[[Sister Lúcia|Lúcia dos Santos]] (left) with her cousins [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]], 1917]]
Beginning in the spring of 1916, three shepherd children –[[Sister Lúcia|Lúcia dos Santos]], [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]]– reported three apparitions of an [[Guardian Angel of Portugal|Angel]] in [[Valinhos (Fátima)|Valinhos]]. Then, starting on 13 May 1917, in [[Cova da Iria]], six apparitions of the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]] were reported. The children described her as "a Lady more brilliant than the Sun". The children reported a prophecy that prayer would lead to an end to the [[World War I|Great War]], and that on 13 October that year the Lady would reveal her identity and perform a miracle "so that all may believe."{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=118}} Newspapers reported the prophecies, and many pilgrims began visiting the area. The children's accounts were deeply controversial, drawing intense criticism from both local secular and religious authorities.  A provincial administrator briefly took the children into custody, believing the prophecies were politically motivated in opposition to the officially secular [[First Portuguese Republic]] established in 1910.<ref>Bennett, 2012</ref>

On 13 May 1917, the shepherd children reported seeing a woman "brighter than the sun, shedding rays of light clearer and stronger than a crystal goblet filled with the most sparkling water and pierced by the burning rays of the sun."<ref name=cna/> The woman wore a white mantle edged with gold and held a rosary in her hand. She asked them to devote themselves to the Holy Trinity and to pray "the Rosary every day, to bring peace to the world and an end to the war".<ref name=cna>{{cite web|url=http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint.php?n=485|title=Our Lady of Fatima|publisher=Catholic News Agency (CNA)|access-date=8 September 2016|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225102209/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint/our-lady-of-fatima-485|url-status=dead}}</ref> While the children had never told anyone about seeing the angel, Jacinta told her family about seeing the brightly lit woman. Lúcia had earlier said that the three should keep this experience private. Jacinta's disbelieving mother told neighbors about it as a joke, and within a day the whole village knew of the children's vision.{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a}}

The children said the woman told them to return to the Cova da Iria on 13 June 1917. Lúcia's mother sought counsel from the parish priest, Father Manuel Ferreira, who suggested she allow them to go. He asked to have Lúcia brought to him afterward so that he could question her. The second appearance occurred on 13 June, the feast of [[Anthony of Padua|Saint Anthony]], patron of the local parish church. Lúcia would later report that on this occasion, the lady revealed that Francisco and Jacinta would be taken to Heaven soon, but Lúcia would live longer in order to spread her message and devotion to the [[Immaculate Heart of Mary]].<ref name=cna/><ref name=Bennett />

During the June visit, the children said the lady told them to say the [[Rosary|Holy Rosary]] daily in honor of [[Our Lady of the Rosary]] to obtain peace and the end of the Great War. (Three weeks earlier, on 21 April, the first contingent of Portuguese soldiers had embarked for the front lines of the war.) The lady also purportedly revealed to the children a vision of hell, and entrusted a secret to them, described as "good for some and bad for others".<ref name=Bennett/> Fr. Ferreira later stated that Lúcia recounted that the lady told her, "I want you to come back on the thirteenth and to learn to read in order to understand what I want of you. ...I don't want more."<ref>Santuário de Fátima, 1992, 12</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=October 2023}}

[[File:Igreja Matriz de Fátima - Portugal (21418731630).jpg|thumb|left|225px|The [[Parish Church of Fátima]] where the three children who saw the apparition were baptized]]
In the following months, thousands of people flocked to Fátima and nearby Aljustrel, drawn by reports of visions and miracles. On 13 August 1917, the provincial administrator [[Artur Santos (journalist)|Artur Santos]]<ref>Jaki, Stanley. ''God and the Sun at Fátima'' (1999) Real View Books, Michigan, p. 15.</ref> (no relation to Lúcia dos Santos) intervened.  He believed that these events were politically disruptive in the conservative country. He took the children into custody, jailing them before they could reach the Cova da Iria. Santos interrogated and threatened the children to get them to divulge the contents of the secrets. Lúcia's mother hoped the officials could persuade the children to end the affair and admit that they had lied.<ref name=Bennett/> Lúcia told Santos everything short of the secrets, and offered to ask the woman for permission to tell the official the secrets.{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952b}}

That month, instead of the usual apparition in the Cova da Iria on 13 August, the children reported that they saw the Virgin Mary on 19 August, a Sunday, at nearby [[Valinhos (Fátima)|Valinhos]]. She asked them again to pray the rosary daily, spoke about the miracle coming in October, and asked them "to pray a lot, a lot for the sinners and [[Mortification in Roman Catholic teaching|sacrifice a lot]], as many souls perish in hell because nobody is praying or [[Acts of Reparation|making sacrifices for them]]."{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a}}

The three children claimed to have seen the Blessed Virgin Mary in a total of six apparitions between 13 May and 13 October 1917. Lúcia also reported a seventh Marian apparition at [[Cova da Iria]]. The year 2017 marked the 100th anniversary of the apparitions and it was celebrated with the visit of [[Pope Francis]] to the [[Sanctuary of Fátima]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia| url=https://www.britannica.com/spotlight/100th-anniversary-of-our-lady-of-ftima| title=100th Anniversary of Our Lady of Fátima| encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]| access-date=2017-05-16| first=Melissa| last=Petruzzello| language=en}}</ref>

====Messages====
The words allegedly spoken by Mary to the three children include:<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Miracle Hunter : The Messages of Fatima |url=https://www.miraclehunter.com/marian_apparitions/messages/fatima_messages.html |access-date= |website=www.miraclehunter.com}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([[WP:NOTRS]]).|date=May 2025}}

===== 13 May 1917 =====
:Do not be afraid. I will do you no harm. I am from Heaven. I came to ask you to come here on the thirteenth day for six months at this same time, and then I will tell you who I am and what I want. And afterwards, I will return here a seventh time. Yes, you [Lúcia] will [go to heaven]. She [Jacinta] also [will go to heaven]. Yes [Francisco will go to heaven], but first he must say many rosaries. Would you like to offer yourselves to God to accept all the sufferings which He may send to you in reparation for the countless sins by which He is offended and in supplication for the conversion of sinners? Then you will have much to suffer, but the grace of God will be your comfort.

===== 13 June 1917 =====
:I want you to come on the thirteenth day of next month and to pray the Rosary every day and I want you to learn to read. If she [sick woman] is converted, she will be cured within a year. Yes, I will take Francisco and Jacinta soon [to heaven], but you must remain on earth for some time. Jesus wishes to use you to make me better known and loved. He wishes to establish in the world devotion to my Immaculate Heart. No, my child [you will not be alone], and would that make you suffer? Do not be disheartened. My Immaculate Heart will never abandon you, but will be your refuge and the way that will lead you to God.

===== 13 July 1917 =====
:I want you to come on the thirteenth day of next month and to continue to pray the Rosary every day in honor of Our Lady of the Rosary, in order to obtain peace for the world and the end of the war for she alone can help. Continue to come here every month. In October I will tell you who I am and what I want. And I will perform a miracle so that everyone may see and believe. Sacrifice yourselves for sinners and say often, especially when you make some sacrifice, 'O my Jesus, this is for love of You, for the conversion of sinners, and in reparation for the offenses committed against the Immaculate Heart of Mary.' [A vision of hell] You saw Hell where the souls of poor sinners go. In order to save them, God wishes to establish in the world devotion to my Immaculate Heart. If people do what I ask, many souls will be saved and there will be peace. The war is going to end. But if people do not stop offending God, another, even worse one will begin in the reign of Pius XI. When you shall see a night illuminated by an unknown light know that this is the great sign that God gives you that He is going to punish the world for its many crimes by means of war, hunger, and persecution of the Church and the Holy Father. To prevent it, I shall come to ask for the consecration of Russia to my Immaculate Heart and the Communion of reparation on the first Saturdays. If people attend to my requests, Russia will be converted and the world will have peace. If not, she [Russia] will scatter her errors throughout the world, provoking wars and persecutions of the Church. The good will be martyred, the Holy Father will have much to suffer, and various nations will be destroyed. In the end my Immaculate Heart will triumph. The Holy Father will consecrate Russia to me; it will be converted, and a certain period of peace will be granted to the world. In Portugal the dogmas of the Faith will always be kept. [A vision of the Pope suffering and being martyred] Do not tell this to anyone. Francisco ... yes, you may tell him" [Lúcia and Jacinta both saw and heard Our Lady but Francisco only saw the apparitions]. When you say the Rosary, say after each mystery: O my Jesus, forgive us our sins, save us from the fires of Hell and lead all souls to Heaven, especially those most in need.

===== 19 August 1917 =====
:Pray, pray a great deal and make many sacrifices, for many souls go to Hell because they have no one to make sacrifices and to pray for them. St. Joseph too will come with the Holy Child to bring peace to the world. Our Lord will also come to bless the people. Our Lady of the Rosary and Our Lady of Sorrows will come too.

===== 13 September 1917 =====
:You must pray! Continue to pray the Rosary every day in order to obtain the end of the war. In October Our Lord will come, and Our Lady of Sorrows and of Mount Carmel and St. Joseph with the Child Jesus to bless the world. God is pleased with your sacrifices, but He does not want you to sleep with the rope on; wear it only during the day. [Regarding miraculous cures] Some I will cure, others not. In October I shall perform a miracle so that everyone may believe.

===== 13 October 1917 =====
:I am the Lady of the Rosary, I have come to warn the faithful to amend their lives and ask for pardon for their sins. They must not offend Our Lord any more, for He is already too grievously offended by the sins of men. People must say the Rosary. Let them continue saying it every day. I would like a chapel built here in my honor. The war will end soon.

===Miracle of the Sun===
{{Main|Miracle of the Sun}}
[[File:Newspaper fatima 353.jpg|thumb|200px|Page from ''Ilustração Portuguesa,'' 29 October 1917, showing the people looking at the Sun during the Fátima apparitions attributed to the Virgin Mary]]After some newspapers reported that the Virgin Mary had promised a miracle for the last of her apparitions on 13 October, a huge crowd, possibly between 30,000 and 100,000,{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952b|p=177}} including reporters and photographers, gathered at Cova da Iria. What happened then became known as the "[[Miracle of the Sun]]".

Various claims have been made as to what actually happened during the event. The three children who originally claimed to have seen Our Lady of Fátima reported seeing a panorama of visions during the event, including those of [[Jesus]], [[Our Lady of Sorrows]], [[Our Lady of Mount Carmel]], and of [[Saint Joseph]] blessing the people.{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|pp=151–166}} Father [[John De Marchi]], an Italian Catholic priest and researcher wrote several books on the subject, which included descriptions by witnesses who believed they had seen a miracle created by [[Mary, Mother of God]].{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952b}} According to accounts, after a period of rain, the dark clouds broke and the Sun appeared as an opaque, spinning disc in the sky. It was said to be significantly duller than normal, and to cast multicolored lights across the landscape, the people, and the surrounding clouds. The Sun was then reported to have careened towards the Earth before zig-zagging back to its normal position.<ref name="Bennett">{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5AaCA1qA0QAC&q=miracle+of+the+sun+october+13+1917&pg=PT102| last=Bennett| first=Jeffrey S.| title=When the Sun Danced: Myth, Miracles, and Modernity in Early Twentieth-Century Portugal| publisher=University of Virginia Press| year=2012|isbn=978-0813932507}}</ref> Witnesses reported that their previously wet clothes became "suddenly and completely dry, as well as the wet and muddy ground that had been previously soaked because of the rain that had been falling".{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=150}}

Not all witnesses reported seeing the Sun "dance". Some people only saw the radiant colors, and others, including some believers, saw nothing at all.<ref>{{cite book |last=Jaki |first= Stanley L. |title=God and the Sun at Fátima |year=1999 |pages=170–171, 232, 272| publisher=Real View Books |asin=B0006R7UJ6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first= Frere Michel de la| last=Sainte Trinite |title=The Whole Truth About Fátima, Volume I: Science and the Facts | year=1989 | chapter=Chapter X, appendix II}} Names Izabel Brandao de Melo, and a few vague or unverifiable accounts.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://johnhaffert.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Meet-the-Witnesses-91511.pdf#page=90| first=John| last=Haffert| title=Meet the Witnesses| year=1961| access-date=28 November 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128200651/http://johnhaffert.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Meet-the-Witnesses-91511.pdf#page=90| archive-date=28 November 2016| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.sacred-destinations.com/portugal/fatima-shrine-of-our-lady-of-fatima.htm| title=Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima – Fatima, Portugal| publisher=Sacred Destinations| access-date=8 September 2016}}</ref> No unusual phenomenon of the Sun was observed by scientists at the time.{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a}} Skeptics have offered alternative explanations that include psychological suggestibility of the witnesses, temporary retinal distortion caused by staring at the intense light of the Sun, and optical effects caused by natural meteorological phenomena.<ref name =LOF1>{{cite journal| title=The Lady of Fátima & the Miracle of the Sun| url=https://www.livescience.com/29290-fatima-miracle.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017185305/http://www.livescience.com/29290-fatima-miracle.html | website=LiveScience.com | date=2 May 2013| first=Benjamin| last=Radford| archive-date=2013-10-17}}</ref>

In De Marchi's account, he describes [[Manuel Nunes Formigão]], the priest who interviewed the children during the apparitions, as alarmed by a discrepancy between a prophecy the children reported, and the current circumstances. According to the children, their apparition predicted that the First World War would end on 13 October 1917. "But listen Lúcia," De Marchi reports Formigão saying, "The war is still going on. The papers give news of battles after the 13th. How can you explain that if our Lady said the war would end that day?" Lúcia replied, "I don't know; I only know that I heard her say that the war would end on that day [...] I said exactly what our Lady had said."{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=159}} Jacinta, the youngest child, was interrogated separately and said the same: "She [Mary] said that we were to say the Rosary every day and that the war would end today."{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=155}} [[World War I]] ended a little over a year later on [[Armistice Day]], 11 November 1918.

De Marchi documented that in the two years prior to the deaths of Francisco and Jacinta Marto in the 1918 [[Spanish flu]] pandemic,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lehmann-Haupt|first=Christopher|date=16 February 2005|title=Sister Lúcia, 97, Last Survivor of Visionary Children of Fatima, Dies|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/16/obituaries/sister-lucia-97-last-survivor-of-visionary-children-of-fatima.html|access-date=20 October 2021}}</ref> the three children periodically refused food and water, or else drank dirty water such as from a laundry pond, as a penance; De Marchi noted that Jacinta's mother had forbidden drinking from the pond due to the risk of illness.{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=111}} De Marchi wrote, "In the scorching sun of the serra, when through the bright hours of the day the heat hangs like a hot stove everywhere, they abstained from taking any water through one spell of thirty days, and at another time for nine."{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=111}} and described Jacinta as being hospitalized for severe bronchial illness, after which she confided to her older cousin that she was still abstaining: "I was thirsty, Lúcia, and I didn't drink, and so I offered it to Jesus for sinners."{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=201}}{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=111}} Lúcia wrote in her 1936 and 1941 memoirs that the Virgin Mary predicted the deaths of Francisco and Jacinta during the second apparition on 13 June 1917.{{fact|date=November 2024}}

In one of several memoirs, Lúcia wrote that the children tied "penitence cords" so tightly around their waists that the ropes became blood-stained,{{sfnp|Santos|1998|p=97}} and that the apparition of 13 September 1917, told her, "God is pleased with your sacrifices, but He does not want you to sleep with the rope on; only wear it during the day."{{sfnp|Santos|1998|p=80}} Late in life, Lúcia also wrote about doubts she expressed as a child regarding the authenticity of the apparition. She wrote, "I began then to have doubts as to whether these manifestations might be from the devil [...] truly, ever since I had started seeing these things, our home was no longer the same, for joy and peace had fled. What anguish I felt!"{{sfnp|Santos|1998|p=71}} She also describes a vivid nightmare she experienced during this time period wherein "the devil was laughing at having deceived me."{{sfnp|Santos|1998|p=71}} De Marchi states that Lúcia told her cousin prior to traveling to Cova da Iria in anticipation of the 13 July 1917 apparition, "If she [the Lady] asks for me, Jacinta, you tell her why I'm not there. Because I am afraid it is the Devil who sends her to us!"{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=71}} Lúcia wrote in her memoir that on the following day, she was overtaken by a certainty that she should go, despite her earlier dread: "...when it was nearly time to leave, I suddenly felt I had to go, impelled by a strange force that I could hardly resist."{{sfnp|Santos|2007|pp=87–88}} According to De Marchi, "Lúcia's doubts were mercifully dissolved".{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|pp=71–72}}

==Later years of the children==
{{Main|Sister Lúcia|Francisco and Jacinta Marto}}
{{Further|Pontevedra apparitions|First Saturdays Devotion}}
[[File:Jacinta marto lucia santos.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Sister Lúcia|Lúcia dos Santos]] (standing) with her cousin, [[Jacinta Marto]], 1917]]
Francisco and Jacinta Marto died in the global [[1918 flu pandemic|flu pandemic that began in 1918]] and swept the world for two years. Francisco Marto died at home on 4 April 1919, at the age of ten. Jacinta died at the age of nine in [[Hospital de Dona Estefânia|Queen Stephanie's Children's Hospital]] in [[Lisbon]] on 20 February 1920. Their mother Olímpia Marto said that her children predicted their deaths many times to her and to curious pilgrims in the brief period after the Marian apparitions.{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952b}} They are now buried at the [[Sanctuary of Fátima]]. They were beatified by [[Pope John Paul II]] on 13 May 2000 and canonized by [[Pope Francis]] on 13 May 2017.<ref name="Crux2">{{cite news |url=https://cruxnow.com/uncategorized/2017/03/23/pope-francis-proclaim-fatima-visionaries-saints-portugal-trip/ |title=Pope Francis to proclaim Fatima visionaries saints during Portugal trip |date=23 March 2017 |work=Crux |access-date=23 March 2017}}Announcement of forthcoming canonization of two Fatima visionaries</ref>

On 17 June 1921, at the age of fourteen, [[Sister Lúcia|Lúcia]] was admitted as a boarder at the Sisters of [[Dorothea of Caesarea|Saint Dorothy]] (Dorothean) school in Vilar, a suburb of [[Porto]], Portugal. In 1925, at the age of eighteen, she began her [[novitiate]] at the convent of the Sisters of Saint Dorothy in [[Tui, Pontevedra|Tui]], [[Spain]], near the border with Portugal.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CNA |title=Shrine where Our Lady of Fatima appeared is falling into ruin |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/252010/spanish-shrine-where-our-lady-of-fatima-appeared-to-sister-lucia-falling-into-ruin |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=Catholic News Agency |language=en}}</ref> Lúcia continued to report in her memoir private visions periodically throughout her life. 

On 10 December 1925, she reported a [[Pontevedra apparitions|vision]] of the Virgin Mary, accompanied by the [[Christ Child|Child Jesus]] on a luminous cloud, while residing at the [[Sanctuary of the Apparitions|convent]] in [[Pontevedra]], Spain. The Virgin Mary defined the conditions for the [[First Saturdays Devotion|First Saturdays devotion]] and asked her to propagate the devotion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CNA |title=Why is the First Saturdays devotion called the 'unfulfilled part of the Fatima message'? |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/250844/fatima-first-saturday-devotion |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=Catholic News Agency |language=en}}</ref> Later, on 15 February 1926, she reported a subsequent vision of the Christ Child reiterating this request.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CNA |title=Anniversary of apparition of child Jesus to Sister Lucia to be commemorated in Spain |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/8654/anniversary-of-apparition-of-child-jesus-to-sister-lucia-to-be-commemorated-in-spain |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=Catholic News Agency |language=en}}</ref> On 13 June 1929, Lúcia reported a vision of the [[Trinity|Holy Trinity]] and the Virgin Mary, who repeated her request for the [[Consecration of Russia]] to her [[Immaculate Heart of Mary|Immaculate Heart]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrine of Fatima {{!}} Narrative of the Apparitions |url=https://www.fatima.pt/en/pages/narrative-of-the-apparitions- |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=Santuário de Fátima |language=en}}</ref> She also reported a 1931 apparition in [[Rianxo]], [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]], in which she said Jesus visited her, taught her two prayers, and gave a message addressed to the Catholic Church's hierarchy.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-10-11 |title=Atzo Atzokoa – Relación Histórica  |url=http://www.gipuzkoakultura.net/ediciones/atzo/c367f6/index.html |access-date=2023-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011164723/http://www.gipuzkoakultura.net/ediciones/atzo/c367f6/index.html |archive-date=11 October 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-06-08 |title=The Private Heavenly Apparitions of Sister Lucia of Fatima: 1925–1952 |url=https://sspx.org/en/news-events/news/private-heavenly-apparitions-sister-lucia-fatima-1925-1952 |access-date=2023-05-13 |website=District of the USA |language=en}}</ref>

In 1936 and again in 1941, Sister Lúcia said that the Virgin Mary had predicted the deaths of her two cousins during the second apparition on 13 June 1917. According to Lúcia's 1941 account, on 13 June, Lúcia asked the Virgin if the three children would go to heaven when they died. She said that she heard Mary reply, "Yes, I shall take Francisco and Jacinta soon, but you will remain a little longer, since Jesus wishes you to make me known and loved on Earth. He wishes also for you to establish devotion in the world to my Immaculate Heart."{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a|p=62}}

In 1947, Sister Lúcia left the Dorothean Order and joined the [[Discalced Carmelites|Discalced Carmelite Order]] in a monastery in [[Coimbra]], Portugal. Lúcia died on 13 February 2005, at the age of 97. Her cell was sealed off by the order of the [[Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith]] as part of examination for her canonization, due to the revelations that Sister Lúcia still had after the events at Fátima.<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Lady of Fatima |url=https://www.newmanministry.com/saints/our-lady-of-fatima |website=www.newmanministry.com |publisher=Newman Ministry |access-date=8 March 2022}}</ref>

==Pilgrimage==
[[File:Santuário de Fátima (36) - Jul 2008 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|225px|The [[Sanctuary of Fátima|Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima]] is one of the largest Marian shrines in the world.]]
[[File:Fatima church.jpg|thumb|right|225px|[[Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary (Fátima)|Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary]]]]
[[File:Fatima 0751 (19182694573).jpg|thumb|right|225px|Image of Our Lady of Fátima in the [[Chapel of the Apparitions]]]]
[[File:Casa da Lúcia - Aljustrel, Fátima - 13.jpg|thumb|right|225px|Birthplace of Venerable [[Sister Lúcia|Sister Lúcia de Jesus Rosa dos Santos]] in [[Aljustrel (Fátima)|Aljustrel]]]]
[[File:Casa do Francisco e da Jacinta - Aljustrel, Fátima - 02.jpg|thumb|right|225px|Birthplace of Saints [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]] in [[Aljustrel (Fátima)|Aljustrel]]]]
[[File:AnjodePortugal.jpg|thumb|Monument of the [[Guardian Angel of Portugal]] apparition to the three little shepherd children of [[Fátima]]]]
The widely reported Miracle of the Sun quickly made Fátima a major pilgrimage centre. Two million pilgrims visited the site in the decade following the events of 1917.<ref>Ian Bradley, ''Pilgrimage: A Spiritual and Cultural Journey,'' Lion Hudson (2009), p. 68</ref> A small chapel – the ''[[Chapel of the Apparitions|Capelinha]]'' – was built by locals on the exact site of the Marian apparitions, where the holm oak stood. 

On 13 May 1920, pilgrims defied government troops and enshrined a statue of the Virgin Mary in the chapel.<ref name=LaBoda>{{cite book| title=International Dictionary of Historic Places: Southern Europe| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=74JI2UlcU8AC&q=fatima| first=Sharon| last=LaBoda| editor1-last=Ring| editor1-first=Trudy| editor2-last=Salkin| editor3-last=La Boda| editor3-first=Sharon| publisher=Taylor & Francis| year= 1996| isbn=978-1884964022| page=245}}</ref> [[Holy Sacrifice of the Mass|Mass]] was first officially celebrated there in January 1924. A [[hostel]] for the sick was begun in that year. In 1927, the first rector of the sanctuary was appointed, and a set of [[Stations of the Cross]] were erected on the mountain road. The foundation stone for the [[Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary (Fátima)|Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary]] was laid nearby the next year.<ref>[[Leo Madigan]], ''A Pilgrim's Handbook to Fátima,'' Gracewing Publishing, 2001 pp. 20–24</ref>

In 1930, the Catholic Church officially recognised the apparition events as "worthy of belief" and granted a papal [[indulgence]] to pilgrims visiting [[Fátima, Portugal|Fátima]]. In 1935, the bodies of the child visionaries, Francisco and Jacinta, were reinterred in the new basilica. [[Pope Pius XII]] granted a [[Canonical Coronation]] of the statue of Our Lady of Fátima on 13 May 1946. This event drew such large crowds that the entrance to the site had to be barred.<ref>Madigan, ''A Pilgrim's Handbook to Fátima'', 2001, p. 24</ref>

In the 21st century, pilgrimages to the site occur year-round. Additional chapels, hospitals and other facilities have been constructed at the site. The principal pilgrimages take place on the thirteenth day of each month from May to October, on the anniversaries of the original apparitions. The largest crowds gather on 13 May and 13 October, when up to a million pilgrims pray and witness processions of the statue of Our Lady of Fátima, both in the day and by the light of tens of thousands of candles at night.<ref name=LaBoda/>

==Official position of the Church==
[[File:Fatima de Marikina Coronation (005) 2024-05-12.jpg|thumb|170px|The venerated image of Our Lady of Fatima enshrined at the Shrine and Parish of Saint Paul of the Cross in Marikina. The image was pontifically crowned on 12 May 2024.]]
The reported visions at Fátima gathered widespread attention as numerous pilgrims began to visit the site. After a canonical inquiry, the Bishop of Leiria-Fátima officially declared the visions of Fátima as "worthy of belief" in October 1930, officially permitting the belief of Our Lady of Fátima.<ref>"In virtue of considerations made known, and others which for reason of brevity we omit; humbly invoking the Divine Spirit and placing ourselves under the protection of the most Holy Virgin, and after hearing the opinions of our Rev. Advisors in this diocese, we hereby: 1) Declare worthy of belief, the visions of the shepherd children in the Cova da Iria, parish of Fátima, in this diocese, from 13 May to 13 October 1917. 2) Permit officially the belief of Our Lady of Fátima.", Bishop of Leiria-Fátima, 13 October 1930.</ref>

==Political aspects==
At the time of the apparitions, Portugal was undergoing tensions between the secularizing [[First Portuguese Republic#Religion|Republican government]] and more conservative elements in society. The [[Portuguese First Republic|First Republic]] had begun with the [[5 October 1910 revolution|revolution of 1910]] overthrowing the constitutional monarch.  It was intensely anticlerical and provoked a strong conservative reaction, ultimately leading to the military coup of 1926. Later in Spain during the 1920s and 1930s, as the forces of the [[Second Spanish Republic|Republic]] gathered strength, armies of faithful Roman Catholics carried images of the Virgin Mary, as protest and protection against groups they called godless.<ref>{{cite book| last=Vincent| first=Mary| title=Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic: Religion and Politics in Salamanca, 1930–1936| place=New York City| publisher=Clarendon Press| series=Oxford historical monographs| date=1996| pages=82–108| isbn=978-0198206132}}</ref>

During the Spanish Second Republic, apparitions of the Virgin Mary were seen on Spanish soil at [[Ezquioga]]. Ramona Olazabal said that Mary had marked the palms of her hands with a sword. The visions at Ezquioga were widely covered in the press, as were sixteen other visitations of the Virgin reported in 1931 in Spain.<ref name="Videntes">{{cite web|url=http://www.gipuzkoakultura.net/ediciones/atzo/c367f6/index.html|title=Los videntes de Ezkioga : a la opinión pública creyente|website=gipuzkoakultura.net|author=Anon.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011164723/http://www.gipuzkoakultura.net/ediciones/atzo/c367f6/index.html |date=2008-10-11|archive-date=11 October 2008|language=Spanish}}</ref> These visions gained much credence in [[Integrist]] and [[Carlist]] circles and conservative elements in the Spanish Catholic Church actively encouraged the Fátima devotion as a way of countering the threat of atheistic [[Communism]]. In Portugal and its former colony of [[Brazil]], conservative groups were sometimes associated with the veneration of Fátima. 

The original apparitions took place during the six months immediately preceding the [[October Revolution|Bolshevik Revolution]] in Russia, and the children related that the Lady talked to them about the need to pray for Russia. Lúcia admitted later that the children initially thought she meant prayers for a girl named "Russia". In the first edition of Sister Lúcia's memoirs, published after the outbreak of World War II, she focused on the issue of Russia. The warning by the Lady that "if Russia was not consecrated to God, it would spread errors throughout the world" was often seized upon as an anti-Communist rallying cry.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}

The [[Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima]], for instance, has always been strongly anti-Communist and its members often associated the Fátima story in the context of the [[Cold War]].<ref>{{cite journal| last1=Kselman| first1=Thomas A.| last2=Avella| first2=Steven| title=Marian Piety and the Cold War in the United States| journal=[[The Catholic Historical Review]]| volume=72| issue=3| pages=402–424| date=July 1986| jstor=25022337}}</ref> The Blue Army is made up of Catholics and non-Catholics who believe that by dedicating themselves to daily prayer (specifically recitation of the [[Rosary]]), they can help to achieve [[world peace]] and end to the error of Communism. Organizations such as the Blue Army (now called the World Apostolate of Fátima) have gained the approval of the Catholic Church.<ref>{{cite web |title=World Apostolate of Fatima |url=http://www.laici.va/content/laici/en/sezioni/associazioni/repertorio/world-apostolate-of-fatima.html |website=www.laici.va |publisher=Pontifical Council for the Laity |access-date=13 May 2021}}</ref>

== Memoirs of Sister Lúcia ==
{{More citations needed|date=August 2021}}
The Fátima story developed in two parts: that which was reported in 1917 and 1922,{{sfn|Santuário|2013|pp=231–235}} and information later mentioned in [[Sister Lúcia]]'s memoirs which she wrote years later, after the church ruled that the events in Fátima were "worthy of belief." Some scholars argue that her memoir was not subject to the same scrutiny.{{sfnp|Maunder|2016|page=32}} The early messages focused on the need to pray the rosary for peace and the end to World War I.

The alleged supernatural events in Fátima were not widely known outside [[Portugal]] and [[Spain]] until Lúcia published her memoirs, starting in the late 1930s. Between 1935 and 1993, she wrote six memoirs. The first four, written between 1935 and 1941 during World War II, were published under the title ''[[Fatima in Lucia's Own Words]]'' (1976). The fifth and sixth memoirs, written in 1989 and 1993, are published as ''[[Fatima in Lucia's Own Words II]]''.

In the mid-1930s the Bishop of Leiria encouraged Lúcia (at that time named Sister Maria Lúcia das Dores) to write her memoirs, so that she might reveal further details of the 1917 apparitions. In her first memoir, published in 1935, Sister Lúcia focused on the holiness of her cousin, Jacinta Marto. The deceased girl was by then popularly considered a saint.{{sfnp|Maunder|2016}}{{pn|date=November 2023}} In her second memoir, published in 1937, Lúcia wrote more about her own life, the apparition of 13 June 1917, and first reveals the earlier apparitions of the Angel of Peace.{{sfnp|Maunder|2016}}{{pn|date=November 2023}}

Finding herself inundated with constantly repeated questions concerning the [[Marian apparition]]s that occurred in [[Fátima, Portugal]], and the visionaries, the message they received and the reason for some of the requests contained in that message, and feeling that it was beyond her to reply individually to each questioner, [[Sister Lúcia]] asked the [[Holy See]] for permission to write a text in which she could reply in general to the many questions that had been put to her. This permission was granted and in December 2000, a new book was published entitled ''[[Calls from the Message of Fatima]]''.

===Three Secrets of Fátima===
[[File:Children of Fatima (1917).jpg|thumb|Lúcia with Francisco and Jacinta in 1917]]
{{Main|Three Secrets of Fátima}}
In her third memoir of 1941, Sister Lúcia described three secrets. She said these had been entrusted to the children during the apparitions of 1917.

====First Secret====
This was a vision of [[Hell in Christianity|Hell]], which Lúcia said they experienced on 4 July 1917.<ref>Lúcia de Jesus, ''Fátima In Lúcia's Own words'' (1995), The Ravengate Press, pp. 101, 104</ref>

<blockquote>
[Mary] opened Her hands once more, as She had done the two previous months. The rays [of light] appeared to penetrate the earth, and we saw, as it were, a vast sea of fire. Plunged in this fire, we saw the demons and the souls [of the damned].

The latter were like transparent burning embers, all blackened or burnished bronze, having human forms. They were floating about in that conflagration, now raised into the air by the flames which issued from within themselves, together with great clouds of smoke. Now they fell back on every side like sparks in huge fires, without weight or equilibrium, amid shrieks and groans of pain and despair, which horrified us and made us tremble with fright (it must have been this sight which caused me to cry out, as people say they heard me).<ref>{{Cite web | date=2022-10-11 |title=Fatima visionaries' terrifying vision of Hell|url=https://aleteia.org/2018/10/25/fatima-visionaries-terrifying-vision-of-hell/amp/ |access-date=2022-10-18|website=aleteia.org|language=en}}</ref>
</blockquote>

====Second Secret====
This was a recommendation for devotion to the [[Immaculate Heart of Mary]] as a way to save souls and bring peace to the world. It predicted an end to the Great War, but predicted a worse one if people did not cease offending God. This second war would be presaged by a night illuminated by an unknown light, as a "great sign" that the time of chastisement was near. To avert this, Mary would return to ask for the consecration of [[Russia]] to the Immaculate Heart, and the establishment of the [[First Saturdays Devotion]]. If her requests were heeded, Russia would be converted, and there would be peace; if not, Russia would [[History of communism|spread her errors]]<ref>Ryan, Maurice (1993), "Fatima, Lourdes, and Medjugorje: A Challenge for Religious Educators", ''Religious Education'', 88 (4): 564–575</ref> throughout the world, causing wars and persecutions of the Catholic Church. The vision culminated with a promise that in the end, "the Immaculate Heart would triumph. The Holy Father would consecrate Russia to Mary, and a period of peace would be granted to the world."<ref>Lúcia de Jesus, ''Fátima In Lúcia's Own Words'' (1995), The Ravengate Press, p. 104</ref>

On [[January 1938 geomagnetic storm|25 January 1938]] (during [[solar cycle 17]]), bright lights, an [[aurora borealis]] appeared over the northern hemisphere, including in places as far south as [[North Africa]], [[Bermuda]] and [[California]].<ref name="books.google.com">{{cite book| last1=Petrisko| first1=Thomas W.| first2=Rene| last2=Laurentin| first3=Michael J.| last3=Fontecchio| name-list-style=amp| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NcdyFS-uYPkC&q=aurora+borealis| title=The Fátima Prophecies: At the Doorstep of the World| page=48| publisher=St. Andrews Productions| year=1998| isbn=978-1891903304}}</ref> It was the widest occurrence of the aurora since 1709 and people in Paris and elsewhere thought it was a great fire and notified fire departments.<ref name=Trib>{{cite news| title=Aurora borealis glows in widest area since 1709| url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1938/01/26/page/4/article/aurora-borealis-glows-in-widest-area-since-1709| work=[[Chicago Tribune|Chicago Daily Tribune]]| date=26 January 1938| page=4| access-date=2017-08-28}}</ref><ref name=NYT>{{cite news| title=Aurora borealis startles Europe. People flee, call fireman| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F02E6DA1E3EE03ABC4E51DFB7668383629EDE&legacy=true| work=[[The New York Times]]| date=26 January 1938| page=25|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Sister Lúcia indicated that it was the sign foretold and so apprised her superior and the bishop in letters the following day.<ref name="books.google.com"/> Just over a month later, [[Anschluss|Hitler seized Austria]] and eight months later [[German occupation of Czechoslovakia|invaded Czechoslovakia]].<ref name="books.google.com"/><ref name="The Fátima Secret">Hessaman, Michael [https://books.google.com/books?id=tx-BEpkJBq8C&q=January+25&pg=PT98 ''The Fátima Secret''], Random House 2008</ref>

=====Consecration of Russia=====
{{Main|Consecration of Russia|Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary|Sacro Vergente}}
[[File:Statue of Pope Pius XII in Fatima Portugal.jpg|thumb|right|Statue of [[Pope Pius XII]] in Fátima, Portugal]]

According to Sister Lúcia, the Virgin Mary promised that the [[Consecration of Russia]] would lead to Russia's conversion and an era of peace.{{sfnp|De Marchi|1952a}}  At the time the supposed request for the consecration of Russia was made, however, the [[Bolsheviks]] had not yet taken control of Russia.

[[Pope Pius XII]], in his Apostolic Letter ''[[Sacro Vergente]]'' of 7 July 1952, consecrated Russia to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Pius XII wrote,

:"Just as a few years ago We consecrated the entire human race to the Immaculate Heart of the Virgin Mary, Mother of God, so today We consecrate and in a most special manner We entrust all the peoples of Russia to this Immaculate Heart..."<ref>Pius pp. XII, Epist. apost. Sacro vergente anno de universae Russorum gentis Immaculato Mariae Cordi consecratione, [Ad universos Russiae populos], 7 July 1952: AAS 44(1952), pp. 505–</ref>

In 1952 the Pope said to the [[Russian people]] and the [[Stalinist regime]] that the [[Blessed Virgin Mary (Roman Catholic)|Virgin Mary]] was always victorious. "The [[gates of hell]] will never prevail, where she offers her protection. She is the good mother, the mother of all, and it has never been heard, that those who seek her protection, will not receive it. With this certainty, the Pope dedicates all people of Russia to the immaculate heart of the Virgin. She will help! Error and [[atheism]] will be overcome with her assistance and divine grace."<ref>Sacro Vergente 12</ref>

Popes Pius XII and [[John Paul II]] both had a special relationship with Our Lady of Fátima. [[Pope Benedict XV]] began Pacelli's church career, elevating him to [[archbishop]] in the [[Sistine Chapel]] on 13 May 1917, the date of the first apparition. Pius XII was laid to rest in the crypt of [[Saint Peter's Basilica]] on 13 October 1958, the anniversary of the final apparition and the Miracle of the Sun.

Pope John Paul II again consecrated the entire world to the Virgin Mary in 1984, without explicitly mentioning Russia. Some believe that [[Sister Lúcia]] verified that this ceremony fulfilled the requests of the Virgin Mary.<ref>[http://www.catholicdoors.com/faq/qu26.htm Consecration of Russia FAQ] at catholicdoors.com, with quotations from Lúcia and pointing out possible signs that the 1984 consecration was sufficient. Page found 19 May 2010.</ref> However, in the [[Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima|Blue Army's]] Spanish magazine, ''[[Sol de Fatima|Sol de Fátima]]'', in the September 1985 issue, Sister Lúcia said that the ceremony did not fulfil the Virgin Mary's request, as there was no specific mention of Russia and "many bishops attached no importance to it." In 2001, Archbishop [[Tarcisio Bertone]] met with Sister Lúcia, who reportedly told him, "I have already said that the consecration desired by Our Lady was made in 1984, and has been accepted in Heaven."<ref>{{cite web| last=Bertone| first=Tarciso| date=2001| title=Meeting with Sr Maria Lúcia| type=web page| publisher=Eternal Word Television Network| place=Irondale, Alabama| url=https://www.ewtn.com/library/CURIA/CDFLUCIA.HTM| access-date=29 July 2016}}</ref> Sister Lúcia died on 13 February 2005, without making any further public statement of her own to settle the issue.

Some maintain that, according to Lúcia and Fátima advocates such as Abbé [[League for Catholic Counter-Reformation|Georges de Nantes]], Fr. Paul Kramer and [[Nicholas Gruner]], Russia has never been specifically consecrated to the Immaculate Heart of Mary by any Pope simultaneously with all the world's bishops, which is what Lúcia in the 1985 interview had said Mary had asked for. Two interviews with Sister Lúcia, in 1992 and 1993, tape recorded and televised with her permission on Portuguese State Television RTP1 and on SIC, TVI and RAI 2, in March 1998, finally clarified the Seer's personal opinion regarding the Secret, Consecration and Conversion of Russia.<ref>[http://www.crc-internet.org/CCR/2009/Apocalyptic-Times.php Apocalyptic Times] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506000851/http://www.crc-internet.org/CCR/2009/Apocalyptic-Times.php |date=6 May 2009 }} at Catholic Counter-Reformation, Abbe Georges de Nantes' website.</ref><ref>[http://www.fatima.org/weop/e6cp10.asp Sister Lucy States: "Russia Is Not Yet Properly Consecrated"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628095707/http://www.fatima.org/weop/e6cp10.asp |date=28 June 2009 }} at Fr. Nicholas Gruner's website, fatima.org. Accessed 19 May 2010.</ref>

However, by letters of 29 August 1989 and 3 July 1990, she stated that the consecration had been completed; indeed in the 1990 letter in response to a question by the [[Robert J. Fox|Rev. Father Robert J. Fox]], she confirmed:

<blockquote>
I come to answer your question, "If the consecration made by Pope John Paul II on 25 March 1984 in union with all the bishops of the world, accomplished the conditions for the consecration of Russia according to the request of Our Lady in Tui, Spain on 13 June 1929?" Yes, it was accomplished, and since then I have said that it was made.

And I say that no other person responds for me, it is I who receive and open all letters and respond to them.<ref>[http://www.ewtn.com/expert/answers/Fatima1984.htm Fátima – 1984 Consecration] EWTN Expert Answers, accessed 9 July 2010</ref>
</blockquote>

In the meantime, the conception of [[Theotokos Derzhavnaya]], Orthodox Christian venerated icon, points out that Virgin Mary is considered actual [[Tsarina]] of Russia by the religious appeal of [[Nicholas II]]; thus "Consecration of Russia" may refer to return of Russian [[monarchy]]. The icon was brought to Fátima in 2003 and 2014, together with another significant icon, the [[Theotokos of Port Arthur]].<ref>{{in lang|ru}} [http://gazetaslovo.pt Orthodox Shrines Visit Fátima] (in Russian: [https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=ru&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fgazetaslovo.com%2F%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%2F%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D1%2583%25D0%25B3%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%2Fitem%2Fportugaliya-pravoslavnye-svyatyni-posetili-fatimu.html&edit-text=&act=url English translation here]).</ref>

====Third Secret====
[[File:PIC MAD Madalena NS.jpg|thumb|Statue of Our Lady of Fátima in the Church of Santa Maria Madalena, [[Madalena, Azores|Madalena]], the [[Azores]], 2007. The devotion is especially popular among Catholics in [[Lusophone]] countries and the Portuguese diaspora.]]

The third secret, a vision of the death of the Pope and other religious figures, was transcribed by the [[Bishop of Leiria]] and reads:

:"After the two parts which I have already explained, at the left of Our Lady and a little above, we saw an Angel with a flaming sword in his left hand; flashing, it gave out flames that looked as though they would set the world on fire; but they died out in contact with the splendour that Our Lady radiated towards him from her right hand: pointing to the earth with his right hand, the Angel cried out in a loud voice: 'Penance, Penance, Penance!' And we saw in an immense light that is God: 'something similar to how people appear in a mirror when they pass in front of it' a Bishop dressed in White 'we had the impression that it was the Holy Father'. Other Bishops, Priests, Religious men and women going up a steep mountain, at the top of which there was a big Cross of rough-hewn trunks as of a cork-tree with the bark; before reaching there the Holy Father passed through a big city half in ruins and half trembling with halting step, afflicted with pain and sorrow, he prayed for the souls of the corpses he met on his way; having reached the top of the mountain, on his knees at the foot of the big Cross he was killed by a group of soldiers who fired bullets and arrows at him, and in the same way there died one after another the other Bishops, Priests, Religious men and women, and various lay people of different ranks and positions. Beneath the two arms of the Cross there were two Angels each with a crystal [[aspersorium]] in his hand, in which they gathered up the blood of the Martyrs and with it sprinkled the souls that were making their way to God."<ref>The Message of Fátima (2000), The [[Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith]]</ref>

=====Controversy around the Third Secret=====
{{main|Three Secrets of Fátima#Third secret controversy|l1=Third Secret of Fátima controversy}}
Lúcia declared that the Third Secret could be released to the public after 1960. Some sources, including Chanoine Barthas and [[Cardinal Ottaviani]], said that Lúcia insisted to them it must be released by 1960, saying that, "by that time, it will be more clearly understood", and, "because the Blessed Virgin wishes it so."<ref>{{cite book |author=Kramer, Father Paul |title=The Devil's Final Battle |url=http://www.devilsfinalbattle.com/content2.htm |pages=29–30 |access-date=7 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307113643/http://www.devilsfinalbattle.com/content2.htm |archive-date=7 March 2017 |url-status=dead |edition=1st }}</ref><ref name="Trinite470">{{cite book |author= Frere Michel de la Sainte Trinite |title=The Whole Truth About Fátima, Volume III |year=1990 |page=470 |location=Buffalo, NY}}</ref> Instead, in 1960, the Vatican published an official press release stating that it was "most probable the Secret would remain, forever, under absolute seal."<ref>{{cite book |author=Frere Michel de la Sainte Trinite |title=The Whole Truth About Fátima, Volume III |year=1990 |pages=578–579 |location=Buffalo, NY}}</ref> This announcement triggered widespread speculation. ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote that speculation over the content of the secret ranged from "worldwide nuclear annihilation" to "deep rifts in the Roman Catholic Church that lead to rival papacies."<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/14/world/vatican-discloses-the-third-secret-of-fatima.html| title=Vatican Discloses the 'Third Secret' of Fatima| first=Alessandra| last=Stanley| date=14 May 2000| access-date=28 August 2017| work=The New York Times}}</ref>

The [[Holy See|Vatican]] did not publish the Third Secret, a four-page, handwritten text, until 26 June 2000.

Such writers as Father Paul Kramer, Christopher Ferrara, Antonio Socci, and Marco Tosatti have suggested that this was not the full text of the secret<ref name="OfficialText">{{cite web| url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000626_message-fatima_en.html| title=The Message of Fátima| access-date=30 October 2009| publisher=Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith}}</ref> and stating the Third Secret is not the full text.<ref name="KramerBook">{{cite book |author=Kramer, Father Paul |title=The Devil's Final Battle |publisher=Good Counsel Publications Inc. |year=2002 |isbn=978-0966304657 |url=https://archive.org/details/devilsfinalbattl00kram  |edition=1st }}</ref><ref name="FerraraBook">{{cite book |last=Ferrara |first=Christopher |title=The Secret Still Hidden |publisher=Good Counsel Publications Inc. |year=2008 |isbn=978-0981535708 |url=https://archive.org/details/secretstillhidde0000ferr |url-access=registration }}</ref><ref name="SocciBook">{{cite book |title=Il Quarto Segreto di Fátima ("The Fourth Secret of Fátima"  |last=Socci |first=Antonio |year=2006 |location=Italy|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Il Segreto Non Svelato ("The Unrevealed Secret" – Italian only) |last=Tosatti |first=Marco |year=2002 |publisher=Piemme |isbn=978-8838445521}}</ref> They alleged that Cardinals [[Tarcisio Bertone|Bertone]], [[Pope Benedict XVI|Ratzinger]] and [[Angelo Sodano|Sodano]] concealed the existence of another one-page document, containing information about the Apocalypse and a great apostasy.<ref name="KramerBook"/><ref name="FerraraBook"/><ref name="SocciBook"/>

The Vatican has maintained its position that the full text of the Third Secret was published. According to a December 2001 Vatican [[press release]] (published in ''[[L'Osservatore Romano]]''), Lúcia told then-Archbishop Bertone in an interview that the secret had been completely revealed when published.<ref>{{cite press release |publisher=Holy See Press Office | language=it |title=In Contro di S.E. Mons. Tarcisio Bertone con Suor Maria Lúcia de Jesus e do Coração Imaculado |date=20 December 2001 |url=http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2001/12/20/0692/02107.html |trans-title=Meeting of S.E. Mons. Tarcisio Bertone with Sister Maria Lúcia de Jesus of the Immaculate Heart |access-date=28 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Meeting with Sr. Maria Lúcia |work=(English translation of 20-12-01 Vatican Press Release)| publisher =ETWN: Global Catholic Network |date=9 January 2002 |url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/curia/cdflucia.htm |access-date=30 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| agency = [[Zenit News Agency]]| title = No More Mysteries in Fátima Secret, Sister Lúcia Says| publisher = Innovative Media, Inc. | date = 20 December 2001 | url = http://www.zenit.org/article-3261?l=english | access-date = 30 March 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110607204729/http://www.zenit.org/article-3261?l=english | archive-date = 7 June 2011  | url-status = dead }}</ref>

During his apostolic visit to [[Portugal]] during 11–14 May 2010 on the 10th anniversary of the beatification of Jacinta and Francisco Marto,<ref>{{cite web|
 url=http://gsearch.vatican.va/search?q=cache:knVhSpP6hJwJ:www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/travels/2010/index_portogallo_en.htm+Apostolic+Journey+to+Portugal+on+the+occasion+of+the+10th+Anniversary+of+the+Beatification+of+Jacinta+and+Francisco,+young+shepherds+of+F%C3%A1tima+&client=default_frontend&output=xml_no_dtd&proxystylesheet=default_frontend&ie=UTF-8&access=p&oe=ISO-8859-1| publisher=Vatican Press Office| title=Apostolic Journey to Portugal on the occasion of the 10th Anniversary of the Beatification of Jacinta and Francisco, young shepherds of Fátima (11–14 May 2010)| date=11 May 2010}}</ref> [[Pope Benedict XVI]] explained to reporters that the interpretation of the third secret did not only refer to the attempted assassination of [[Pope John Paul II]] in Saint Peter's Square in 1981. He said that the third secret, "has a permanent and ongoing significance," and that, "its significance could even be extended to include the suffering the Church is going through today as a result of the recent reports of sexual abuse involving the clergy."<ref>{{cite news| url=https://abcnews.go.com/Travel/pope-benedict-xvi-visits-lady-fatima-famed-shrine/story?id=10642089| title=The Pope and the 'Third Secret'| date=14 May 2010| publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]| access-date=8 September 2016}}</ref>

==Fátima prayers and reparations==
{{see also|Fátima prayers}}
[[File:NationalShrineofOurLadyofFatimajf4518 13.JPG|thumb|170px|The National Pilgrim Image of Our Lady of Fatima enshrined at the National Shrine and Parish of Our Lady of Fatima in Valenzuela City. This is one of the images blessed by [[Pope Paul VI]]. The image was pontifically crowned on February 25, 2024.]]
{{Acts of Reparation}}
Many Catholics recite prayers based on the apparitions of Our Lady of Fátima. Lúcia later said that, in 1916, she and her cousins had several visions of an angel calling himself the "Angel of Portugal" and the "Angel of Peace," who taught them to [[prostration|bow with their heads to the ground]]<ref>[[Sujud|''Sajdah'' in Islam]]</ref> and to say "My God, I believe, I adore, I hope, and I love you. I ask pardon for those who do not believe, do not adore, do not hope and do not love you." Lúcia later set this prayer to music and a recording exists of her singing it.<ref>EWTN Special, [http://www.thecalltofatima.com/ Calls of the Fátima Message, 2009.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514061336/http://www.thecalltofatima.com/ |date=14 May 2009 }}</ref> It was also said that sometime later, the angel returned and taught them a [[eucharist]]ic devotion now known as the [[Angel Prayer]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=The Angel of Fatima and Reparation at Holy Mass |first=Father Michael |last=Rodriguez |url=http://www.fatimacrusader.com/cr116/CR116.pdf |journal=The Fatijma Crusader |date=Autumn 2016 |issue=116 |access-date=16 December 2016 |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220150943/http://www.fatimacrusader.com/cr116/CR116.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| title=Fatima and the Scapular| journal=Salve Maria Regina| url=http://www.salvemariaregina.info/SalveMariaRegina/SMR-104.html| volume=40| issue=104|year=2000}}</ref>

Lúcia said that the Lady emphasized [[Acts of Reparation]] and prayers to console Jesus for the sins of the world. Lúcia said that Mary's words were, "When you make some sacrifice, say 'O Jesus, it is for your love, for the conversion of sinners, and in reparation for sins committed against the Immaculate Heart of Mary.'" At the apparition of 13 July 1917, Lúcia said Mary told the children that sinners could be saved from damnation by devotion to the Immaculate Heart, but also by making "sacrifices". They heard her repeat the idea of sacrifices several times. Her vision of hell prompted them to ever more stringent [[Mortification in Roman Catholic teaching|self-mortifications]] to save souls. Among many other practices, Lúcia wrote that she and her cousins wore tight cords around their waists, flogged themselves with stinging nettles, gave their lunches to beggars, and abstained from drinking water on hot days. Francisco and Jacinta became extremely devoted to this practice.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saint Charles Borromeo Catholic Church of Picayune, MS – Devotion – Patron Saints – Bl. Jacinta Marta |url=http://www.scborromeo.org/saints/jacinta.htm |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=www.scborromeo.org}}</ref> Lúcia wrote that Mary said God was pleased with their sacrifices and bodily penances.{{sfnp|Santos|2007}}{{Full citation needed|date=October 2023}}

At the first apparition, Lúcia wrote, the children were so moved by the radiance that they involuntarily said "Most Holy Trinity, I adore you! My God, my God, I love you in the Most Blessed Sacrament."<ref>William Thomas Walsh, ''Our Lady of Fátima'', p. 52.</ref> Lúcia also said that she heard Mary ask for the following words to be added to the Rosary after the [[Gloria Patri]] prayer: "O my Jesus, pardon us, save us from the fires of hell. Lead all souls to heaven, especially those in most need."<ref>Walsh, p. 220.</ref>

According to Vatican teaching on the tradition of Marian visitations, references to the "conversion of sinners" do not necessarily mean [[religious conversion]] to the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. Pope Leo XIII, in his encyclical on the "Unity of the Church, Satis Cognitum", said that would mean the "conversion of heretics or apostates who are 'outside the church and alien to the Christian Faith.' Rather, "conversion of sinners" refers to general repentance and an attempt to amend one's life according to the teachings of Jesus for those true Catholics who are fallen into sins. Lúcia wrote that she and her cousins defined "sinners" not as non-Catholics but as those who had fallen away from the church or, more specifically, willfully indulged in sinful activity, particularly "sins of the flesh"<ref>Walsh, p. 90.</ref> and "acts of injustice and a lack of charity towards the poor, widows and orphans, the ignorant and the helpless," which she said were even worse than sins of impurity.<ref>From an undated letter written by Lúcia and quoted in ''Fátima, caminho da paz'' (Fátima, the Path to Peace) by A. M. Martins (Braga, 1983), pp. 88–89. Reprinted in [http://www.catholicvoice.co.uk/fatima4/ "The Whole Truth of Fátima, Part 4"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100627025424/http://www.catholicvoice.co.uk/fatima4/ |date=27 June 2010 }}, Catholic Voice webpage; retrieved 30 April 2010.</ref>

==Pontifical approbations==
[[File:Pius XII with stole.png|thumb|[[Pope Pius XII]] consecrated the human race to the “Immaculate Heart of the [[Blessed Virgin Mary]]” in 1942. The same Pontiff granted a decree of [[Canonical coronation]] to the statue of Our Lady of Fátima on 25 April 1946 via the Papal bull ''Celeberrima Solemnia'' and later raised her shrine to the status of Basilica in 1954.]]

[[Karl Rahner]] and other theologians opines that the Pontiff, by authoritatively fostering the Marian veneration in places such as [[Fátima, Portugal|Fátima]] and [[Lourdes]], motivate the faithful into an acceptance of divine faith.<ref>Karl Rahner, ''Visionen und Prophezeiungen,'' München 1960</ref> In October 1930, Bishop da Silva declared that the apparitions at Fátima were "worthy of belief," and approved public devotion to the Blessed Virgin under the title Our Lady of Fátima. Since then, the Vatican granted indulgences and permitted special Liturgies of the Mass to be celebrated in Fátima.<ref name="Koster">H M Köster Fátima, in Bäumer, ''Marienlexikon,'' II, 448 1940</ref>

===Pope Pius XII===
* Cardinal [[Eugenio Pacelli]] was consecrated as a bishop on 13 May 1917 – the day of the first apparition – and was elected to the papacy as [[Pope Pius XII]] in 1939. He is considered to have become "the Pope of Fátima."<ref name=Koster/> In 1940, after the [[Second World War]] had started, Sister Lúcia asked Pope Pius XII to consecrate the world and Russia to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. She repeated this request later that year on 2 December 1940, stating that in the year 1929, the Blessed Lady requested in another apparition that Russia be consecrated to her Immaculate Heart. Mary was said to promise the conversion of Russia from its errors.<ref name="ReferenceA">Auguste Meessen, "Apparitions and Miracles of the Sun," International Forum in Porto ''Science, Religion and Conscience,'' 23–25 October 2003 {{ISSN|1645-6564}}</ref>
* On 13 May 1942, the 25th anniversary of the first apparition and the silver jubilee of the episcopal consecration of Pope Pius XII, the Vatican published the "Message and Secret of Fátima." 
* On 31 October 1942, Pius XII in a radio address to the people of Portugal discussed the apparitions of Fátima and [[Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary|consecrated the human race to the Immaculate Heart of the Virgin]], with specific mention of "[[peoples of Russia]]".<ref>AAS, 1942, 313</ref> 
* On 8 December 1942, the Pope officially and solemnly declared this consecration in a ceremony in Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome. This consecration was made in the context of the reported messages from Jesus and the Virgin Mary received by [[Alexandrina of Balazar]], and communicated to her spiritual director, Mariano Pinho.
* On 25 April 1946, Pope Pius XII granted a pontifical decree of [[canonical coronation]] titled ''Celeberrima Solemnia'' for the statue of Our Lady. Cardinal [[Benedetto Aloisi Masella|Benedetto Masella]] was assigned as the papal legate who crowned the image on 13 May 1946.<ref>AAS 1946 246.</ref>
* On 1 May 1948, in ''[[Auspicia Quaedam]]'', Pope Pius XII requested the consecration to the Immaculate Heart of every Catholic family, parish and diocese.<ref>AAS 148, 171</ref>
* On 18 May 1950, the Pope again sent a message to the people of Portugal regarding Fátima: {{Blockquote|"May Portugal never forget the heavenly message of Fátima, which, before anybody else she was blessed to hear. To keep Fátima in your heart and to translate Fátima into deeds is the best guarantee for ever more graces".<ref>AAS 1951, 780</ref>}} In numerous additional messages, and in his encyclicals ''[[Fulgens Corona]]'' (1953), and ''[[Ad Caeli Reginam]]'' (1954), Pius XII encouraged the veneration of the Virgin in Fátima.
* On 11 November 1954, he raised the sanctuary to the status of [[basilica]] via the decree ''Luce Superna''.

===Pope Paul VI===
[[File:Papa Paulo VI em Fátima com a Irmã Lúcia.jpg|thumb|right|[[Pope Paul VI]] with Sister Lúcia in Fátima on 13 May 1967]]
At the end of the [[Second Vatican Council]], [[Pope Paul VI]] renewed the consecration of Pius XII to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. In an unusual gesture, he announced his own pilgrimage to the sanctuary on the fiftieth anniversary of the first apparition. On 13 May 1967, he prayed at the shrine together with Sister Lúcia.

===Pope John Paul II===
[[File:Coroa de Nossa Senhora de Fátima (12 de Maio de 2017).png|thumb|One of the bullets that struck Pope John Paul II in his [[Attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II|1981 assassination attempt]] was later encased in the crown of the statue of Our Lady of Fatima. In addition, one of his personal [[rosaries]] was given to the Portuguese sanctuary.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}]]
[[Pope John Paul II]] on 25 March 1984 consecrated "the world" in a public ceremony at St. Peter's in Rome; the consecration was in the form of a 'whole-world consecration' carried out in union with the Catholic bishops throughout the world. Cardinal Bertone said to the press many times that the message of Fátima was finished.<ref>Mark Miravalle, 1993, ''Introduction to Mary'', p. 171.</ref>

He further credited Our Lady of Fátima with saving his life following an assassination attempt on 13 May 1981, the Feast of Our Lady of Fátima.<ref name="OfficialText"/> Then on 12 May 1982,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=The Popes and Fátima |url=https://www.papa2017.fatima.pt/en/pages/the-popes-and-fatima |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011005200/https://www.papa2017.fatima.pt/en/pages/the-popes-and-fatima |archive-date=2023-10-11 |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=Papa Francisco – Fátima 2017 |language=pt}}</ref> he expressed his gratitude to the Virgin Mary for saving his life. The following day, he renewed the consecration of Pius XII to the Immaculate Heart of the Virgin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Message of Fatima |url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000626_message-fatima_en.html |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=www.vatican.va}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/>

In 1984, John Paul II offered to the statue of Fátima one of the bullets that struck him in the assassination attempt in St. Peter's Square, which is now enchased in the image's crown.<ref name=":1" />

===Pope Benedict XVI===
On 12–13 May 2010, [[Pope Benedict XVI]] visited the [[Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima]] and strongly stated his acceptance of the supernatural origin of the Fátima apparitions. On the first day, the Pope arrived at the Chapel of Apparitions to pray; he gave a [[Golden Rose]] to Our Lady of Fátima "as a homage of gratitude from the Pope for the marvels that the Almighty has worked through you in the hearts of so many who come as pilgrims to this your maternal home". The Pope also recalled the "invisible hand" that saved John Paul II. He said in a prayer to the [[Blessed Virgin Mary (Roman Catholic)|Blessed Virgin Mary]] that "it is a profound consolation to know that you are crowned not only with the silver and gold of our joys and hopes, but also with the 'bullet' of our anxieties and sufferings."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zenit.org/article-29242?l=english|title=ZENIT – Fátima Shrine receives Golden Rose}}</ref>

On the second day, Pope Benedict spoke to more than 500,000 pilgrims; he referred to the Fátima prophecy about the triumph of the Immaculate Heart of Mary and related it to the final "glory of the Most Holy Trinity."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=36550&wf=rsscol|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606061329/http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=36550&wf=rsscol|url-status=dead|title=Catholic Online (www.catholic.org) – Our Lady of Fátima: Pope Benedict's Homily. 'I too Have Come as a Pilgrim'|archivedate=6 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/homilies/2010/documents/hf_ben-xvi_hom_20100513_fatima_en.html|title=13 May 2010: Apostolic Journey to Portugal on the occasion of the 10th Anniversary of the Beatification of Jacinta and Francisco, young shepherds of Fátima – Holy Mass on the Esplanade of the Shrine of Our Lady of Fátima – Benedict XVI|access-date=8 September 2016}}</ref>

===Pope Francis===
Amid the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]], the Ukrainian Latin Catholic bishops requested [[Pope Francis]] to "... publicly perform the act of consecration to the Sacred Immaculate Heart of Mary of Ukraine and Russia, as requested by the Blessed Virgin in Fatima. May the Mother of God, Queen of Peace, accept our prayer: Regina pacis, ora pro nobis!"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kmc.media/2022/03/02/yepyskopy-ukrayiny-prosyat-papu-prysvyatyty-ukrayinu-ta-rosiyu-sercyu-mariyi.html |title=ЄПИСКОПИ УКРАЇНИ ПРОСЯТЬ ПАПУ ПРИСВЯТИТИ УКРАЇНУ ТА РОСІЮ СЕРЦЮ МАРІЇ |trans-title=The Bishops of Ukraine Ask the Pope to Consecrate Ukraine and Russia to the Sacred Immaculate Heart of Mary |language=Ukrainian |publisher=Catholic Media Center of the Conference of Roman Catholic Bishops in Ukraine |date=2 March 2022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220305004108/http://kmc.media/2022/03/02/yepyskopy-ukrayiny-prosyat-papu-prysvyatyty-ukrayinu-ta-rosiyu-sercyu-mariyi.html |archive-date=2022-03-05}}</ref>

Pope Francis [[Consecration of Russia to the Immaculate Heart of Mary|consecrated Russia and Ukraine to the Immaculate Heart of Mary]] on 25 March 2022 at [[Saint Peter’s Basilica]] in Rome, stating: "Mother of God and our mother, to your Immaculate Heart we solemnly entrust and consecrate ourselves, the church and all humanity, especially Russia and Ukraine". A consecration ceremony also occurred in Fatima, Portugal, by the Papal almoner, Cardinal [[Konrad Krajewski]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=CNA |date=25 March 2022 |title=Live updates: Pope Francis consecrates Russia, Ukraine to Mary's Immaculate Heart |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/250791/pope-francis-consecration-of-russia-and-ukraine-to-the-immaculate-heart-of-mary |access-date=2022-03-25 |website=Catholic News Agency}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Esteves |first=Junno Arocho |date=2022-03-25 |title=Pope consecrates Ukraine, Russia to Mary |url=https://www.catholicnews.com/pope-consecrates-ukraine-russia-to-mary/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325181240/https://www.catholicnews.com/pope-consecrates-ukraine-russia-to-mary/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 March 2022 |access-date=2022-03-25 |website=Catholic News Service}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Brockhaus |first=Hannah |date=2022-03-25 |title=Pope Francis consecrates Russia and Ukraine to the Immaculate Heart of Mary |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/250796/pope-francis-consecrates-russia-and-ukraine-to-the-immaculate-heart-of-mary |access-date=2022-03-25 |website=Catholic News Agency}}</ref> The Pope had announced the event via Twitter on 15 March 2022.<ref>{{cite tweet |url=https://twitter.com/Pontifex/status/1503779698542882828 |title=On Friday 25 March, during the Celebration of Penance at 17.00 in Saint Peter's Basilica, I will consecrate #Russia and #Ukraine to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. |number=1503779698542882828 |user=Pontifex |author=Pope Francis |author-link=Pope Francis |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220315233923/https://twitter.com/Pontifex/status/1503779698542882828 |archive-date=2022-03-15}}</ref> It is unknown whether the consecration involved all the world's bishops on the same day or how it fulfilled the specific conditions of the Virgin's requests.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://fatima.org/about/consecration-of-russia/ |title=Consecration of Russia |date=3 January 2017 |publisher=The Fatima Center |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220316135106/https://fatima.org/about/consecration-of-russia/ |archive-date=2022-03-16}}</ref>

== Sainthood ==
In March 2017 the Holy See announced that Pope Francis would [[canonize]] two of the visionaries, [[Francisco and Jacinta Marto]], on 13 May at a Mass in Fátima during a two-day visit. The decision followed papal confirmation of a miracle attributed to the intercession of the two visionaries.<ref name="Crux">{{Cite news |url=https://cruxnow.com/uncategorized/2017/03/23/pope-francis-proclaim-fatima-visionaries-saints-portugal-trip/ |title=Pope Francis to proclaim Fatima visionaries saints during Portugal trip |last=Staff |date=23 March 2017 |work=Crux |access-date=23 March 2017}}Announcement of forthcoming canonization of two Fatima visionaries</ref> The pope canonized the children on 13 May 2017 during the centennial of the first apparition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/The-Latest-Pope-Francis-prays-at-Fatima-basilica-11143520.php#item-39786|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170513122925/http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/The-Latest-Pope-Francis-prays-at-Fatima-basilica-11143520.php#item-39786|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 May 2017|title=The Latest: Pope ends Portugal visit, leaves for Rome}}</ref>

Sister Lúcia's cause for canonization is ongoing and she was declared Venerable by Pope Francis on 22 June 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2023-06/fatima-visionary-sr-lucia-declared-venerable.html |title=Fatima visionary Sr Lucia declared Venerable |work=Vatican News |last=Wells |first=Christopher |date=22 June 2023 |access-date=11 August 2023}}</ref>

==Other images of Our Lady of Fátima==
{{more citations needed|section|date=May 2021}}
[[File:Fatima Mary at Reno Cathedral.jpg|thumb|170px|The International Pilgrim image of Our Lady of Fátima has traveled the world since the 1950s.]]
[[File:Our Lady of Fatima at the Manila Cathedral 2023-05-14.jpg|thumb|170px|A replica of the original image at the [[Manila Cathedral]]]]
[[File:Via Sacra dos Valinhos - Fátima - Portugal (16677081304).jpg|thumb|170px|left|Statue by Amélia Carvalheira dedicated to the apparition of Our Lady which occurred exceptionally on 19 August 1917, in [[Valinhos (Fátima)|Valinhos]], near [[Cova da Iria]]]]
Several statues of Our Lady under Fátima's title are notable, among which are the following:
* The first sculpture, carved by {{Ill|José Ferreira Thedim|pt}} in 1920, now enshrined within the [[Chapel of the Apparitions]]. It was [[Canonical coronation|canonically crowned]] on 13 May 1946 by [[Pope Pius XII]]. Since 1981, this image was venerated by [[Pope John Paul II]], who given a bullet from his [[Attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II|attempted assassination]] to the sanctuary, which added it to the statue's crown in the late 1980s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statue of Our Lady of Fatima |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/resource/56389/statue-of-our-lady-of-fatima |website=Catholic News Agency |access-date=11 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
* The ''Immaculate Heart of Mary,'' installed above the main façade of Fátima's basilica. 
* Two copies of the ''International Pilgrim Statue of Fátima,'' informally known as the ''Pilgrim Statue,'' have been taken around the world to Catholic audiences. The second was sent to the Americas after being blessed on 13 October 1947 by the local bishop of Leiria. Subsequent copies have similarly been circulated internationally, including one smuggled into the US embassy to the Soviet Union.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of the International Pilgrim Virgin Statue of Our Lady of Fatima |url=https://www.pilgrimvirginstatue.com/history |website=www.pilgrimvirginstatue.com |access-date=11 May 2021}}</ref> Since 1984, another copy has been enshrined in the Immaculate Heart of Mary Shrine at the [[Congregation of the Mother of the Redeemer]]'s monastery in [[Carthage, Missouri]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Marian Days in Carthage|first=Cori Urban|last=Fugere|work=The Mirror|publisher=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Springfield–Cape Girardeau]]|date=30 August 2013|access-date=7 August 2017|url=http://dioscg.org/index.php/marian-days-in-carthage/|archive-date=8 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808072956/http://dioscg.org/index.php/marian-days-in-carthage/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The statue is removed once a year during the [[Marian Days]] celebration for a procession around Carthage.<ref name="R&E Valente">{{cite news|title=Vietnamese Catholics in the US|work=[[Religion & Ethics Newsweekly]]|publisher=WNET|date=21 September 2012|access-date=7 August 2017|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/2012/09/21/september-21-2012-vietnamese-catholics-in-the-us/13094/}}</ref><ref name="CMC 30">{{cite web|title=Hướng về 30 năm Thánh Tượng Mẹ Fatima ở với đoàn con Đồng Công tại Đền thánh Khiết Tâm Mẹ, Carthage, Missouri|trans-title=The 30-year journey of the Our Lady of Fatima Statue to the Coredemptrix congregation in the Immaculate Heart of Mary Shrine, Carthage, Missouri|date=8 March 2017|access-date=7 August 2017|url=http://www.xuanha.net/CMC/Huongve30namThanhtuongMeFatima-carthage.htm|language=vi}}</ref>
* The so-called ''U.N. Virgin'' Fátima statue, which once stood in the chapel of the [[Headquarters of the United Nations]] in [[New York City]], [[United States]]. It was blessed by the Bishop of Leiria on 13 October 1952.{{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
* A statue of Our Lady of Fátima is carried in procession as part of the festival of [[Quyllur Rit'i]], held in the highlands of the mountains [[Sinaqara]] and [[Qullqipunku]] in [[Cusco Region]], [[Peru]].<ref>Sallnow, Michael. ''Pilgrims of the Andes: regional cults in Cusco''. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1987. pp. 225–226</ref> The festival attracts 10,000 pilgrims annually.<ref>Dean, Carolyn. ''Inka Bodies and the Body of Christ: Corpus Christi in Colonial Cusco, Peru''. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999. p. 210 {{ISBN?}}</ref>
* A statue of Our Lady of Fátima is carried in procession through the streets of Gwardamanġa, Malta, accompanied by fireworks, as part of the Festa of Our Lady of Fátima, held annually.[[File:Procession of Our Lady of Fátima, Gwardamanġa, Malta.jpg|thumb|Procession of Our Lady of Fátima, [[Gwardamanġa]], Malta]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Festas and Fireworks: Exploring Malta’s Summer Village Feasts |url=https://www.visitmalta.com/it/blog/festas-and-fireworks-exploring-maltas-summer-village-feasts |access-date=2025-09-26 |website=Visit Malta |language=}}</ref>
*The ''National Pilgrim Image of Our Lady of Fátima-Philippines,'' also known as the ''[[EDSA]] Image,'' is a gift to the [[Philippines]] from the Sanctuary of Fátima, enshrined at the [[National Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima]] in [[Valenzuela, Metro Manila|Valenzuela]] in [[Metro Manila]]. It was blessed by [[Pope Paul VI]] in 1967 on the 50th anniversary of the Apparitions. It was crowned as the ''National Pilgrim Image'' in 1984 by Cardinal [[Jaime Sin]], [[Archbishop of Manila]], and became the main Fátima's image during the peaceful [[People Power Revolution of 1986|People Power Revolution]] in 1986 that ousted the [[Marcos dictatorship|dictatorship]] of [[President of the Philippines|President]] [[Ferdinand Marcos]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Esmaquel II |first1=Paterno R. |title=Our Lady of Fatima returns to EDSA |url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/our-lady-fatima-edsa-lord-heal-land-sunday |website=Rappler |date=5 November 2017 |access-date=11 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The image has been since been brought around the country to various churches and schools. The image was given an [[Canonical coronation|episcopal coronation]] by the late José Oliveros, [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Malolos|Bishop of Malolos]], on 13 May 2017, with the crown and rosary as gifts from the Sanctuary of Fátima. [[Pope Francis]] issued a decree of canonical coronation for the image on 21 November 2023; the coronation took place on 25 February 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cbcpnews.net/cbcpnews/pope-francis-oks-coronation-of-edsa-image-of-our-lady-of-fatima/|title=Pope Francis OKs coronation of Edsa image of Our Lady of Fatima|website=CBCP News|date=21 December 2023|access-date=25 February 2024}}</ref>

== Scepticism ==
The phenomenon of Fatima apparitions has been embroiled in great controversy since its inception, with heated arguments involving not only [[Atheism|atheists]] and [[Agnosticism|agnostics]], but also Catholics. Skeptics completely doubt the existence of the apparitions, the veracity of the dialogues, the miracles, and the cures. Some say the apparitions have nothing to do with religion; others treat the events as a grand staging. The Catholic Church itself seems to have been very cautious, not recognizing the apparitions as credible until October 1930. Cardinal [[Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira]] stated that "it was Fatima that imposed itself on the Church".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Araújo |first=António |date=2017-02-12 |title=Fátima, cem anos depois |url=https://www.publico.pt/2017/02/12/sociedade/noticia/fatima-cem-anos-depois-1761166 |access-date= |website=Público |language=pt}}</ref>

The first accounts of the apparitions given by the little shepherds in 1917 and the story told in later Lúcia's Memoirs clearly differ in text and content. In fact, even some Catholics, like the Jesuit [[Edouard Dhanis]], suggest that there are two different Fatimas: "Fatima I" (the one in the 1917 accounts) and "Fatima II" (the one revealed in the "memoirs" of the main seer, written between 1935 and 1941).<ref name=":0"/>

Father [[Mário de Oliveira]], author of some books on Fatima, commented that the God announced and revealed in the ''Memoirs of Sister Lucia'' – "has nothing to do with the God revealed in Jesus of Nazareth. It has everything to do with a bloodthirsty God who delights in the suffering of the innocent, a God who creates hell to punish those who fail to go to [[Mass (liturgy)|Mass]] on Sundays or say bad words, a God who is even worse than some of his creatures." He notes that Jacinta and Francisco were capable of going entire days without eating or drinking a drop of water, even in the middle of August, and walking around all day, and even in their sleep at night, with a rope permanently tied to their waist, in what the author calls "religious masochism". About Lúcia, the writer says that she was taken from her homeland and forever prevented from leading a life in any way similar to that of common people (she was secretly interned in the Vilar Asylum in [[Porto]], and then she was sent to Spain and made a cloistered nun for the rest of her life).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oliveira |first=Mário de |title=Fátima nunca mais! (an extract from the book of the same title) |url=https://servicioskoinonia.org/relat/223p.htm |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=ServiciosKoinonia}}</ref>

[[Alfredo Barroso]], journalist and politician, claims that the "Miracle of Fatima" never existed, and that it is a "product of illiteracy, ignorance and the beliefs of three children terrorised by the image of a cruel, vengeful and punishing God". For Barroso, the "miracle of Fatima" became a weapon to hurl against the Republic, freedom and democracy, against atheism and communism, in a classic alliance between "the sword and the hyssop" under the aegis of the [[António de Oliveira Salazar|dictator Salazar]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barroso |first=Alfredo |date=2017-05-05 |title=O 'Milagre de Fátima' não existiu |url=https://ionline.sapo.pt/artigo/561463/-o-milagre-de-fatima-nao-existiu?seccao=Opiniao_i |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=I online |language=pt}}</ref>

[[Tomás da Fonseca]], author of some books on the subject and one of Fátima's fiercest critics, considers it "the biggest [[hoax]] of this century". He claims that three priests – Manuel Marques Ferreira, Benevenuto de Sousa, and Abel Ventura do Céu Faria{{sfnp|Fonseca|2009|pp=175–176}} – decided to promote apparitions for purely profitable purposes, but the evidence is very weak.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fonseca |first=Tomás da |title=Na cova dos leões |publisher=Antígona |year=2009 |pages=175–185 |language=pt}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Carvalho |first=Patrícia |title=Fátima: Milagre ou construção? |publisher=Bertrand Brasil |year=2017 |isbn=978-8528622195 |language=pt |chapter=As críticas}}</ref> [[João Ilharco]], a professor, wrote a book that made him lose his job, ''Fátima desmascarada'' (1971)'','' with similar claims, but also lacking evidence.<ref name=":3"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Newsletter Especial {{!}} Livros que foram notícia [19 de abril de 2018] |url=https://hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt/ArquivoNewsletter/2018/NEsp_LivrosQueForamNoticia4/NEsp_LivrosQueForamNoticia4.htm |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt}}</ref> The journalist and writer [[Patrícia Carvalho]] states that the gratuitous attacks and accusations against specific figures of the Church, without irrefutable proof, characterised the first texts opposing Fatima, as well as some of the books later published about it.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Carvalho |first=Patrícia |title=Fátima – Milagre ou construção? |publisher=Bertrand Brasil |year=2017 |isbn=978-8528622195 |chapter=As críticas}}</ref>

=== The descriptions of the Lady (1917–1922) ===
Soon after the events of 1917, the parish priest, [[Manuel Marques Ferreira]], conducted successive interrogations of the three children after each apparition; Father [[José Fereira de Lacerda]] and the Rev. [[Manuel Nunes Formigão]] also spoke to them. Rev. Formigão wrote notes and books on the subject.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=11–12, 43–44}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Costa |first=Manuel |date=2017-01-20 |title=Cónego Manuel Nunes Formigão: O quarto «pastorinho» de Fátima |url=https://agencia.ecclesia.pt/portal/conego-manuel-nunes-formigao-o-quarto-pastorinho-de-fatima/ |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=Agência ECCLESIA |language=pt-PT}}</ref><ref>Much of this documentation can be found in the book ''Documentação Crítica de Fátima: seleção de documentos (1917–1930)'' (that is, Critical Documentation of Fatima – Selection of Documents), published in 2013 by the Shrine of Fatima itself. Other sources: the newspaper "O mensageiro" by Father José Ferreira de Lacerda; the newspaper "O Século" of 23 June 1917; the books ''Eu vi nascer Fátima'' by [[Humberto Pasquale]] (p. 57 and others) and ''Os grandes fenómenos da Cova da Iria'' (pp. 47ff) by [[Gilberto Fernandes dos Santos]]</ref>

The testimonies by the three children (especially that of Lúcia, the most gifted of the seers) state that the apparition was about more or less one meter tall{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=80, 173}}{{efn|José Ferreira de Lacerda (15 October 1917) in O Mensageiro (newspaper).|name=A}} and looked like a child 12 to 15 years old,{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=67}}{{efn|José Ferreira de Lacerda (15 October 1917) in O Mensageiro (newspaper).|name=A}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Carvalho |first=Patrícia |title=Fátima: Milagre ou construção? |publisher=Bertrand Brasil |year=2017 |isbn=978-8528622195 |pages= |language=pt |chapter=1917: Outubro}}</ref> of extraordinary beauty. She had black eyes. She was dressed in a so luminous white that hurt the eyes.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=68, 69, 164, 234–235}} Lúcia and Jacinta tell us that her skirt (sic){{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=30–33, 83}}{{sfn|Maunder|2016|p=63}} was white and gold, with strings running from top to bottom and across,{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|p=173}} and was short, to her knees or a little below,{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=31, 81, 83, 173}} and tight.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=81, 83, 173}} She had white socks. Her coat was white, and she also wore a white cloak that fell from her head to the hem of her skirt, with gold strings running from top to bottom.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=30–35}} The jacket had two or three strings on the cuffs.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=31, 173}} She had a golden cord around her neck, which ended with a ball or a medal;{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=31, 234}} she had very small yellow buttons (or rings – in Portuguese: "''arrecadas''") in her ears.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=30, 31, 56}} In her hands she carried a rosary of white beads, also luminous, which ended in a cross.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=56, 80}} In the words of Lúcia, on her head she had a sort of "small basket" (in Portuguese: "''açafatezinho''" or, a "''açafatico''"{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|p=164}}) which also radiated light.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pasquale |first=Humberto |title=Eu vi nascer Fátima |publisher=Edições Salesianas |year=1966 |page=57}}</ref> She never smiled.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=84, 164, 231–234}} Francisco also said that she spoke without moving her lips.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|p=96}}<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Santuário de Fátima |title=Documentação Crítica de Fátima – Seleção de documentos (1917–1930) |publisher=Santuário de Fátima |year=2013 |pages=30–33, 48, 53, 56, 67–69, 78–87, 102–103, 116–124,164, 173, 178–179, 234–235 |language=pt}}</ref>

The image that is venerated today was "with minor changes in detail" inspired by an existing image of Our Lady of Lapa.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Coutinho |first=Bernardo Xavier |title=Nossa Senhora na Arte – Alguns Problemas Iconográficos e uma Exposição Marial |publisher=Associação Católica do Porto |year=1959 |page=141}}</ref> Manuel Nunes Formigão commented: "Our Lady can only appear as decently and modestly dressed as possible. The dress should go down to about her feet".{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|p=59}} The length of the skirt was something scandalous for the times;<ref>{{Cite book |last=Carvalho |first=Patrícia |title=Fátima: Milagre ou construção? |publisher=Bertrand Brasil |year=2017 |isbn=978-8528622195 |language=Pt |chapter=1917}}</ref> and Rev.Formigão said it was the most serious difficulty to the supernaturality of the apparition, maybe a mystification by the "spirit of darkness".{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|p=59}}

[[Chanoine Barthas]] refers to the apparition as "the wonderful young lady" and admits that "she does not resemble any of the images of the Blessed Virgin or other saints" that they have seen up to that point.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Barthas |first=Chanoine |title=Our Lady of Light |publisher=The Bruce Publishing Company |year=1947 |page=18 |language=}}{{ISBN?}}</ref> Later descriptions of the Lady progressively move away from these primordial accounts,<ref name=":2"/> until it is difficult to recognise them. The image of the Lady was given a more "classic" appearance, and in 1930, Dr. Gonzaga da Fonseca, in Rome, already described the Lady wearing a [[tunic]] and a mantle that descends to the bare feet.{{sfnp|Santuário|2013|pp=534–535}}

==In popular culture==
Our Lady of Fátima was played by [[Virginia Gibson]] in an uncredited role in the 1952 film ''[[The Miracle of Our Lady of Fatima]]''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Malone |first1=Peter |title=Screen Priests: The Depiction of Catholic Priests in Cinema, 1900–2018 |date=2019 |publisher=ISD LLC |isbn=9781925872927 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BA-5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA103 |access-date=15 November 2019 |language=en}}</ref> She was played by [[Joana Ribeiro]] in the 2020 film, ''[[Fatima (2020 film)|Fatima]]''.<ref name="odb">{{cite web|title=Fátima, the Movie|url=http://www.originentertainment.com/projects/fatima/|publisher=Origin Entertainment|access-date=2 January 2020|archive-date=20 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020095932/http://www.originentertainment.com/projects/fatima/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Three Secrets of Fátima are a major plot point in the 2022 [[visual novel]] ''[[Anonymous;Code]]''.

==See also==
{{portal|Catholicism|Portugal}}
* [[Blue Army of Our Lady of Fátima]]
* [[Fatima Movement of Priests]]
* [[First Saturdays Devotion]]
* [[Pope John Paul II assassination attempt]]
* ''[[Signum Magnum]]'' (apostolic exhortation)

== References ==
===Notes===
{{Notelist}}

=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
<!-- Please order books alphabetically by the author's last name -->
{{refbegin|40em}}
* {{cite book
|last = Alonso
|first = Joaquín María
|title = La verdad sobre el secreto de Fátima: Fátima sin mitos
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=sc41AAAACAAJ
|access-date = 26 October 2010
|year = 1976
|publisher = Centro Mariano "Cor Mariae Centrum"
|language = es 
|isbn = 978-84-85167-02-9
}}
* {{cite book | last1=des Anges  |first1=Frère François de Marie | year= 1994 | title = Fátima: Tragedy and Triumph | location= New York, NY }}
* {{cite book
|first = Jeffrey S. |last = Bennett |title = When the Sun Danced: Myth, Miracles, and Modernity in Early Twentieth Century
|year=2012
|publisher=University of Virginia Press
|isbn = 978-0-8139-3250-7
}}
* {{cite book
|first = Patrícia |last = Carvalho |title = Fátima – Milagre ou construção?
|year=2017
|publisher=Bertrand Brasil
|isbn =  978-85-286-2219-5
}}
* {{cite book | last1= de la Sainte Trinite |first1= Frere Michel | year= 1990 | title= The Whole Truth About Fátima, Volume III | location= New York, NY }}
* {{cite book | last= De Marchi  | first= John | year = 1952a | title = The Immaculate Heart: The True Story of Our Lady of Fátima |location = New York, NY| url=https://archive.org/details/immaculateheartt0000marc/mode/2up |publisher= Farrar, Straus and Young }}
* {{cite book| first=John| last=De Marchi| year=1952b| title=The True Story of Fátima| publisher=Catechetical Guild Entertainment Society| location=St. Paul, Minnesota}}
* {{cite book | last = Ferrara | first = Christopher | year = 2008 | title = The Secret Still Hidden | publisher = Good Counsel Publications Inc. | isbn = 978-0-9815357-0-8 | url = https://archive.org/details/secretstillhidde0000ferr | url-access = registration }}
* {{cite book | last=Haffert | first= John M. | year= 1993 | title=Her Own Words to the Nuclear Age: The Memoirs of Sr. Lúcia, with Comments by John M. Haffert | publisher= The 101 Foundation, Inc. | isbn = 1-890137-19-7 }}
* {{cite book | last= Maunder | first= Chris | year= 2016 | title = Our Lady of the Nations: Apparitions of Mary in 20th-century Catholic Europe | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 978-0198718383}}
* {{cite book | last= Kramer | first= Father Paul | year= 2002 | title = The Devil's Final Battle | publisher = Good Counsel Publications Inc. | isbn = 978-0-9663046-5-7 | url = https://archive.org/details/devilsfinalbattl00kram }}
* Nickell, Joe: ''Looking for a Miracle: Weeping Icons, Relics, Stigmata, Visions & Healing Cures'': Prometheus Books: 1998: {{ISBN|1-57392-680-9}}
* Nick Perry and Loreto Echevarria: ''Under the Heel of Mary'': New York: Routledge: 1988: {{ISBN|0-415-01296-1}}
* Multiple editions of Santos, Lúcia. ''Fatima in Lúcia's Own Words'' (initial publication in 1976):
** {{cite book |last=Santos|first= Lúcia|title=Fatima in Lúcia's Own Words |editor1-last=Kondor|editor1-first=Louis|date=1995 |others=Foreword by Joaquín María Alonso |publisher=Ravengate Press |location=Still River, Massachusetts |isbn=978-0911218329}}
** {{Cite book|last=Santos|first= Lúcia|title=Fatima in Lúcia's Own Words |edition=10th|editor1-last=Kondor|editor1-first=Louis|publisher=Secretariado Dos Pastorinhos|year=1998|location=Fátima, Portugal |isbn=972-8524-00-5}}
** {{cite book |last1=Santos |first1=Sister Maria Lúcia |editor1-last=Kondor |editor1-first=Louis |title=Fatima in Lúcia's Own Words: Sister Lúcia's Memoirs |date=2007 |others=Translation by the Dominican Nuns of the Perpetual Rosary |publisher=Secretariado dos Pastorinhis |location=Fatima, Portugal |page=93 |edition=16th |url=https://www.piercedhearts.org/hearts_jesus_mary/apparitions/fatima/MemoriasI_en.pdf |isbn=978-972-8524-20-3 }}
* {{cite book
|first = Humberto |last = Pasquale |title = Eu vi nascer Fátima
|year=1966
|publisher=Edições Salesianas
}}
* {{Cite book |last=Santuário de Fátima |title=Documentação Crítica de Fátima -Seleção de documentos (1917-1930) |publisher=Santuário de Fátima |year=2013 |language=pt|isbn=978-972-8213-91-6|ref={{SfnRef|Santuário|2013}}}} 
* Walsh, William: ''Our Lady of Fátima'': Image: Reissue edition (1 October 1954): 240 pp: {{ISBN|978-0385028691}}.
* Sandra Zimdars-Swartz: ''Encountering Mary'': Princeton: Princeton University Press: 1991: {{ISBN|0-691-07371-6}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Sister project links 
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 |1=Our Lady of Fátima

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 |wikt= no|c=Our Lady of Fatima |commonscat= yes |n=no |q= Our Lady of Fátima  |s= no |author= |b= no |v=no

<!-- Specify "yes" to include the corresponding project: -->
 |voy= Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima|d= Q719524|m=no |mw=no |species=no |species_author=no
}}
* {{cite web| url= https://www.fatima.pt/en/pages/online-transmissions | title= Sanctuary of Fatima}} – Online transmissions
* {{cite web| url= http://www.peregrinosdefatima.pt/en/ | title=  Pilgrims of Fatima}} – Official website
* {{cite web| url= https://www.piercedhearts.org/hearts_jesus_mary/apparitions/fatima/MemoriasI_en.pdf | title= ''Fatima in Sister Lúcia's own words''}} – Free online version of the memoir book written by Lúcia dos Santos, OCD
* {{cite web| url= https://fatima.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/The-True-Story-of-Fatima.pdf | title= ''The True Story of Fatima''}} – Free online version of the book written by John de Marchi, IMC 
*  {{cite web| author=De Marchi, John |url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/MARY/tsfatima.htm  |title= Online book: ''The True Story of Fatima''|website=Catechetical Guild Educational Society |location= St. Paul, Minnesota | date=1956}}
* {{cite web| url= https://fatima.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Sister-Lucy-sm.pdf | title= ''Sister Lúcia: Apostle of Mary's Immaculate Heart''}} – Free online version of the book written by Mark Fellows
* {{cite web| url= https://fatima.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Secret-Still-Hidden.pdf | title= ''The Secret Still Hidden: An investigation into the private campaign of the Vatican Secretariat of State to conceal the words of the Virgin Mary in the Third Secret of Fatima''}} – Free online version of the book written by Christopher A. Ferrara.
* {{cite web| url= http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20000626_message-fatima_en.html | title= Official Vatican Statement releasing the Message of Fatima}}
* Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/RxZBxEJz1v8 Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20170506193613/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxZBxEJz1v8&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxZBxEJz1v8 | title= The entire story of the apparitions of Our Lady of Fatima| website= [[YouTube]]| date= 21 February 2017}}{{cbignore}} – Video documentary
* {{IMDb title|qid=Q9258137}} – 1997 film released in Italy and Portugal
* {{cite web | url= https://thefatimastatue.org/ | title= United Nations' pilgrim statue of Our Lady of Fatima | access-date= 30 March 2020 | archive-date= 26 February 2021 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210226154852/http://www.thefatimastatue.org/ | url-status= dead }}
* {{cite web| url= https://uncatolico.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Virgen_de_Fatima.jpg | title= High Resolution image of Our Lady of Fatima}}
* {{cite web| url= https://www.fatimatourforpeace.com | title= Our Lady of Fatima International Tour for Peace}}
*  {{cite web| url= https://www.fatima.pt/files/upload/fontes/F001_DCF_selecao.pdf | title= ''Documentação Crítica de Fátima: seleção de documentos (1917–1930)''}} – Free online version of the Critical Documentation of Fatima, a document selection by The Sanctuary of Fatima including the primordial testimonies of the three little shepherds
* [http://www.the13thday.com/ ''The 13th Day''] – 2009 feature film on Fatima apparitions
* [https://www.fatimafortoday.com/resources/finding-fatima/ ''Finding Fatima'' - 2010 Feature length documentary]
* [https://www.fatimathemovie.com/ ''Fatima''] – 2020 feature film on Fatima apparitions
* [https://fsspx.news/en/news/orthodox-russia-and-roman-catholicism-2-27770 ''Orthodox Russia and Roman Catholicism (2)'' 3 May 2022 publisher=FSSPX News; reference only copyrighted article]
{{1917 Fatima events|state=expanded}}
{{Virgin Mary}}
{{Madonna styles}}
{{History of the Roman Catholic Church}}
{{Catholic saints}}
{{Roman catholic approved apparitions}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Our Lady Of Fatima}}
[[Category:Our Lady of Fátima| ]]
[[Category:Marian apparitions|Fatima]]
[[Category:Culture of Portugal]]
[[Category:Titles of Mary, mother of Jesus]]
[[Category:1917 in Christianity]]
[[Category:1917 in Portugal]]
[[Category:May 1917 in Europe]]
[[Category:October 1917 in Europe]]