View source for Parramatta

{{About|the Australian metropolis|the local government area|City of Parramatta|the rugby league club|Parramatta Eels|other uses}}
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Australian place
| type               = city
| name               = Parramatta
| city               = Sydney 
| state              = NSW 
| image              = Parramatta_Skyline_2022.jpg
| image_upright      = 
| caption            = Parramatta viewed from the south in 2022
| alternative_location_map = Australia NSW metro Sydney
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[Sydney|greater metropolitan Sydney]]
| local_map          = yes
| zoom               = 13
| pop                = 30211
| pop_year           = {{CensusAU|2021}}
| pop_footnotes      = <ref name=ABS2021>{{Census 2021 AUS | id = SAL13167 | name = Parramatta (Suburbs and Localities) | accessdate = 26 July 2022 | quick = on}}</ref>
| elevation          = 18
| est                = 1788
| postcode           = 2150
| coordinates        = {{coord|33|49|S|151|00|E|display=inline,title}}
| relief   = 1
| area               = 5.3
| area_footnotes     = 
| dist1              = 24
| dir1               = west
| location1          = [[Sydney central business district|Sydney CBD]] (Central Sydney)
| lga                = [[City of Parramatta]]
| region             = [[Greater Western Sydney]] Metropolitan area
| county             = [[Cumberland County, New South Wales|Cumberland]]<ref name="gnbsuburb">{{NSW GNR|id=KWQloeKmJP|title=Parramatta (suburb)|access-date=2 October 2008}}</ref>
| parish             = [[Parish of St John|St John]]<ref name="gnbsuburb" />
| stategov           = [[Electoral district of Parramatta|Parramatta]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.elections.nsw.gov.au/District-profiles/parramatta|title=Parramatta|publisher=[[New South Wales Electoral Commission]] |access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref>
| stategov2           = [[Electoral district of Baulkham Hills|Baulkham Hills]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.elections.nsw.gov.au/District-profiles/baulkham-hills|title=Baulkham Hills|publisher=[[New South Wales Electoral Commission]] |access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref>
| stategov3           = [[Electoral district of Granville|Granville]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.elections.nsw.gov.au/District-profiles/granville|title=Granville|publisher=[[New South Wales Electoral Commission]] |access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref>
| fedgov             = [[Division of Parramatta|Parramatta]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://apps.aec.gov.au/esearch/LocalitySearchResults.aspx?filter=Parramatta&filterby=Electorate|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226224643/http://apps.aec.gov.au/esearch/LocalitySearchResults.aspx?filter=Parramatta&filterby=Electorate|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 February 2009|title=Parramatta|publisher=[[Australian Electoral Commission]]|date=19 October 2007|access-date=2 October 2008}}</ref>
| near-n             = [[North Parramatta, New South Wales|North Parramatta]]
| near-ne            = [[Oatlands, New South Wales|Oatlands]]
| near-e             = [[Dundas, New South Wales|Dundas]] [[Rydalmere, New South Wales|Rydalmere]]
| near-se            = [[Camellia, New South Wales|Camellia]] [[Rosehill, New South Wales|Rosehill]]
| near-s             = [[Harris Park, New South Wales|Harris Park]]
| near-sw            = [[Merrylands, New South Wales|Merrylands]] [[Holroyd, New South Wales|Holroyd]]
| near-w             = [[Westmead, New South Wales|Westmead]]
| near-nw            = [[Northmead, New South Wales|Northmead]]
}}

'''Parramatta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|ær|ə|ˈ|m|æ|t|ə}}; {{langx|xdk|Burramatta}}) is a city and major commercial centre in [[Greater Western Sydney]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Parramatta: Suburb Guide. Highlighting new developments in Sydney's second CBD|url=https://www.urban.com.au/news/parramatta-suburb-guide-highlighting-new-developments-in-sydneys-second-cbd|date=2019-08-05|website=Urban|language=en|access-date=2020-05-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Introducing Sydney's second CBD: Skyscrapers of steel and glass set to transform city|url=https://7news.com.au/business/property/with-skyscrapers-and-a-booming-population-this-is-what-parramatta-is-imagined-to-look-like-in-the-future-c-564448|date=2019-11-19|website=7NEWS.com.au|language=en|access-date=2020-05-05}}</ref> Parramatta is located approximately {{convert|24|km|mi|0}} west of the [[Sydney central business district|Sydney CBD]], on the banks of the [[Parramatta River]].<ref name="gnbsuburb" /> It is commonly regarded as the second CBD ([[central business district]]) of metropolitan [[Greater Sydney|Sydney]].

Parramatta is the municipal seat of the [[Local government areas of New South Wales|local government area]] of the [[City of Parramatta]] and is often regarded as one of the primary centres of the [[Greater Sydney]] metropolitan region, along with the [[Sydney CBD]], [[Penrith, New South Wales|Penrith]], [[Campbelltown, New South Wales|Campbelltown]], and [[Liverpool, New South Wales|Liverpool]]. Parramatta also has a long history as a second administrative centre in the Sydney metropolitan region, playing host to a number of government departments,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://atparramatta.com/business/parramatta-sectors/government|title=Government|website=atparramatta.com|access-date=10 April 2022|archive-date=24 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724180428/https://atparramatta.com/business/parramatta-sectors/government|url-status=dead}}</ref> as well as state and federal courts. It is often colloquially referred to as "Parra".{{cn|date=September 2025}}

Parramatta, which was founded as a British settlement in 1788, the same year as Sydney, is the oldest inland European settlement in Australia and serves as the economic centre of Greater Western Sydney.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parracity.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/91941/VISITOR_STRATEGY_for_Parramatta2011-2016.pdf|title=Visitor Strategy for Parramatta 2011–2016|publisher=City of Parramatta|access-date=31 July 2013|archive-date=10 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310215549/http://www.parracity.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/91941/VISITOR_STRATEGY_for_Parramatta2011-2016.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Since 2000, state government agencies such as the [[New South Wales Police Force]] and [[Sydney Water]]<ref name="Media Release">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sydneywater.com.au/whoweare/MediaCentre/MediaView.cfm?ID=446|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080722002646/http://www.sydneywater.com.au/WhoWeAre/MediaCentre/MediaView.cfm?ID=446|url-status=dead|title= Hitting the ground running – Sydney Water's Parramatta office reaches ground level |archive-date=22 July 2008|website=sydneywater.com.au}}</ref> have relocated to Parramatta from Central Sydney. The [[151st meridian east]] runs directly through the suburb.{{cn|date=September 2025}}

==History==
===Aboriginal===
[[Radiocarbon dating]] suggests human activity occurred in Parramatta from around 30,000 years ago.<ref name="Settlers' history rewritten">{{cite news |last=Macey |first=Richard |date=2007 |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/settlers-history-rewritten/2007/09/14/1189276983698.html |title=Settlers' history rewritten: go back 30,000 years |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |access-date=5 July 2014}}</ref> The [[Dharug people]] who lived in the area before European settlement regarded the area as rich in food from the river and forests. They named the area Baramada or Burramatta ('Parramatta') which means Eel ("Burra") Place ("matta"), with the resident Indigenous people being called the [[Burramattagal]]. Similar Darug words include Cabramatta (Grub place) and Wianamatta (Mother place).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.darug.org.au/DarugLanguage.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502084020/http://www.darug.org.au/DarugLanguage.html|archivedate=2013-05-02|url-status=dead|title=Daraug Language|website=darug.org.au}}</ref> Other references{{which|date=April 2022}} are derived from the words of captain [[Watkin Tench]], a white British man with a poor understanding of the [[Darug language]], and are incorrect.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}} To this day many eels and other sea creatures are attracted to nutrients that are concentrated where the saltwater of [[Port Jackson]] meets the freshwater of the [[Parramatta River]]. The [[Parramatta Eels]] [[rugby league]] club chose their symbol as a result of this phenomenon.[[File:Parramatta 1812.jpg|thumb|left|View of Parramatta in 1812]]
[[File:Parramatta from May's Hill (c1824) - Joseph Lycett.jpg|left|thumb|''Parramatta from May's Hill'' by Joseph Lycett ({{c.|1824}})]]
[[File:"Parramatta" - A.H Fullwood (c1886).jpg|thumb|Parramatta in 1886|alt=]]

=== British colonisation ===
Parramatta was colonised by the British in 1788, the same year as Sydney. As such, Parramatta is the second oldest city in Australia, being only 10 months younger than Sydney. The British colonists, who had arrived in January 1788 on the [[First Fleet]] at [[Sydney Cove]], had only enough food to support themselves for a short time and the soil around Sydney Cove proved too poor to grow the amount of food that 1,000 [[convicts in Australia|convicts]], soldiers and administrators needed to survive. During 1788, Governor [[Arthur Phillip]] had reconnoitred several places before choosing Parramatta as the most likely place for a successful large farm.<ref>"Man of Honour – John Macarthur", Michael Duffy, Macmillan 2003, p. 81 ff</ref> Parramatta was the [[Head of navigation|furthest navigable point inland]] on the Parramatta River (i.e. furthest from the thin, sandy coastal soil) and also the point at which the river became freshwater and therefore useful for farming.

On Sunday 2 November 1788, governor Phillip took a detachment of marines along with a surveyor and, in boats, made his way upriver to a location that he called The Crescent, a defensible hill curved round a river bend, now in [[Parramatta Park, New South Wales|Parramatta Park]]. The Burramattagal were rapidly displaced with notable residents Maugoran, [[Boorong]] and Baludarri being forced from their lands.<ref name="smith">{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Keith Vincent |title=Wallumedegal: an Aboriginal History of Ryde |date=2005 |publisher=City of Ryde |location=Ryde |url=https://www.ryde.nsw.gov.au/files/assets/public/v/1/library/wallumedegal-an-aboriginal-history-of-ryde.pdf}}</ref> 

As a settlement developed, governor Phillip gave it the name "Rose Hill" after British politician [[George Rose (politician)|George Rose]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51780016 |title=The romance of Australian place names. |newspaper=[[The Australian Women's Weekly]] | date=27 May 1964 |access-date=14 October 2013 |page=59 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> On 4 June 1791 Phillip changed the name of the township to Parramatta, approximating the term used by the local Aboriginal people.<ref name="Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, volume 105">{{cite web|author1=E. R. Pretyman|title=SOME NOTES ON THE LIFE AND TIMES OF CAPTAIN JAMES KELLY|url=https://eprints.utas.edu.au/13417/1/1971_Pretyman_Life_and_times_Captain_James_Kelly.pdf|access-date=15 March 2018|date=7 July 1970}}</ref> A neighbouring suburb acquired the name "Rose Hill", which today is spelt "[[Rosehill, New South Wales|Rosehill]]".
[[File:Uwsparra1.JPG|thumb|The former [[Rydalmere Hospital|Female Orphan School]] was one of the first schools in the area.]]
In an attempt to deal with the food crisis, Phillip in 1789 granted a convict named [[James Ruse]] the land of [[Experiment Farm Cottage|Experiment Farm]] at Parramatta on the condition that he develop a viable agriculture. There, Ruse became the first European to successfully grow grain in Australia. The Parramatta area was also the site of the pioneering of the Australian wool industry by [[John Macarthur (wool pioneer)|John Macarthur]]'s [[Elizabeth Farm]] in the 1790s. [[Philip Gidley King]]'s account of his visit to Parramatta on 9 April 1790 is one of the earliest descriptions of the area. Walking four miles with Governor Phillip to Prospect, he saw undulating grassland interspersed with magnificent trees and a great number of [[kangaroos]] and [[emu]]s.<ref>Flynn 1997, p 28</ref>

The [[Battle of Parramatta]], a major battle of the [[Australian frontier wars]], occurred in March 1797 where [[Eora]] leader [[Pemulwuy]] led a group of [[Bidjigal]] warriors, estimated to be at least 100, in an attack on the town of Parramatta. The local garrison withdrew to their barracks and Pemulwuy held the town until he was eventually shot and wounded. A year later, a government farm at [[Toongabbie]] was attacked by Pemulwuy, who challenged the [[New South Wales Corps]] to a fight.<ref>{{Cite news | newspaper = The Sun Herald | date = 16 February 2008 | url = http://blogs.sunherald.com.au/whoweare/archives/2008/03/who_we_are_the_11.html | title = WHO WE ARE: The man who nearly changed everything | first = David | last = Dale | access-date = 25 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120623080301/http://blogs.sunherald.com.au/whoweare/archives/2008/03/who_we_are_the_11.html | archive-date = 23 June 2012 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>J Henniker Heaton, ''Australian Dictionary of Dates and Men of the Time'', Sydney, 1873</ref>

Governor Arthur Phillip built a small house for himself on the hill of The Crescent. In 1799 this was replaced by a larger residence which was substantially improved by governor [[Lachlan Macquarie]] from 1815 to 1818 and has survived to the present day, making it the oldest surviving [[Government House]] anywhere in Australia. It was used as a retreat by governors until the 1850s, with governor [[Thomas Brisbane]] making it his principal home for a short period in the 1820s.{{cn|date=September 2025}}

In 1803, another famous incident occurred in Parramatta, involving a convicted criminal named [[Joseph Samuel]], originally from England. Samuel was convicted of murder and sentenced to death by hanging, but the rope broke. In the second attempt, the noose slipped off his neck. In the third attempt, the new rope broke. governor [[Philip Gidley King]] was summoned and pardoned Samuel, as the incident appeared to him to be [[divine intervention]].<ref name="HERALD SATURDAY MAGAZINE">{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27523294 |title="HERALD" SATURDAY MAGAZINE. |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=26 September 1953 |access-date=30 June 2014 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

In 1814, Macquarie opened a school for Aboriginal children at Parramatta as part of a policy of improving relations between Aboriginal and European communities. This school was later relocated to [[Blacktown|"Black Town"]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Norman |first1=Heidi |title=Parramatta and Black Town Native Institutions |date=2015 |url=http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/parramatta_and_black_town_native_institutions |website=Dictionary of Sydney |publisher=Dictionary of Sydney Trust |access-date=8 February 2016}}</ref>

=== Post-federation ===
Parramatta was gazetted as a city on 19 November 1976, and later, a suburb on 10 June 1994.<ref>{{NSW GNR |id=e382b53c-0fae-4e66-a914-a77fba74e09a |access-date=15 September 2025 |title=Parramatta (suburb)}}</ref><ref>{{NSW GNR|id=6abd0615-2077-418c-900a-94f029406648 |access-date=15 September 2025 |title=Parramatta (city)}}</ref>

The first significant skyscrapers began to emerge in Parramatta in the late 1990s and the suburb transformed into a major business and residential hub in the early 2000s. Since then, the suburb's growth has accelerated in the past decade.{{cn|date=September 2025}}

On 20 December 2024, the first stage of the [[Parramatta Light Rail]] was completed.<ref>{{cite news |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |access-date=15 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250825133253/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-12-20/parramatta-light-rail-open-day-route-map-westmead-carlingford/104747540 |url-status=live |archive-date=25 August 2025 |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-12-20/parramatta-light-rail-open-day-route-map-westmead-carlingford/104747540 |title=Parramatta light rail celebrates opening day with commuters aboard first tram |date=20 December 2024 |first=Holly |last=Tregenza}}</ref>

== Climate ==
{{See|Climate of Sydney}}
Parramatta has a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Cfa'') with mild to cool, somewhat short winters and warm to usually hot summers, alongside moderate rainfall spread throughout the year.

Summer maximum temperatures are quite variable, often reaching above {{cvt|35|C|F}}, on average 13.1 days in the summer season, and sometimes remaining in the low 20s, especially after a [[cold front]] or a [[sea breeze]], such as the [[southerly buster]]. Northwesterlies can occasionally bring hot winds from the [[Australian desert|desert]] that can raise temperatures higher than {{cvt|40|C|F}} mostly from November to February, and sometimes above {{cvt|44|C|F}} in January severe heatwaves. The record highest temperature (since 1967) was {{cvt|47.0|C|F}} on 4 January 2020. Parramatta is warmer than [[Sydney CBD]] in the summer due to the [[urban heat island effect]] and its inland location. In extreme cases though, it can be {{cvt|5–10|C-change|0}} warmer than Sydney, especially when sea breezes do not penetrate inland on hot summer and spring days. For example, on 28 November 2009, the city reached {{cvt|29.3|C|F}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=Daily Maximum Temperature – 066062 |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=122&p_display_type=dailyDataFile&p_startYear=2009&p_c=-872833047&p_stn_num=066062 |website=bom.gov.au| access-date=2016-02-03}}</ref> while Parramatta reached {{cvt|39.0|C|F}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=Daily Maximum Temperature – 066124 |publisher=Bureau of Meteorology |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=122&p_display_type=dailyDataFile&p_startYear=2009&p_c=-874472154&p_stn_num=066124 |website = bom.gov.au |access-date=2016-02-03}}</ref> almost {{cvt|10|C-change}} higher. In the summer, Parramatta, among other places in western Sydney, can often be the hottest place in the world because of the [[Blue Mountains (New South Wales)|Blue Mountains]] trapping hot air in the region, in addition to the UHI effect.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/datablog/2023/may/23/which-australian-city-has-the-best-weather-climate-most-sunny-days-where-should-i-live-interactive |title=Which Australian city has the weather that suits you best? Find out with our interactive |website = [[Guardian Australia|The Guardian]] |date=23 May 2023 |access-date=8 January 2024}}</ref>

Rainfall is slightly higher during the first three months of the year because the anticlockwise-rotating [[subtropical high]] is to the south of the country, thereby allowing moist easterlies from the [[Tasman Sea]] to penetrate the city.<ref>[https://www.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/assessments/11-context-statement-sydney-basin-bioregion/1123-climate Context statement for the Sydney Basin bioregion – Climate] by Bioregional Assessments from the [[Australian Government]]. Retrieved 11 April 2021.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-25/australian-rainfall-zones/7200050?nw=0 |title=Australia's new seasonal rainfall zones |website =ABC News |date=25 February 2016 |access-date=11 April 2021}}</ref>  The second half of the year tends to be drier (late winter/spring) since the [[Australian High|subtropical high]] is to the north of the city, thus permitting dry westerlies from the interior to dominate.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-das.uwyo.edu/~geerts/cwx/notes/chap16/sydney_clim.html|title=The climate of Sydney, Australia|website=www-das.uwyo.edu|access-date=16 December 2009|archive-date=19 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219190550/http://www-das.uwyo.edu/~geerts/cwx/notes/chap16/sydney_clim.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Drier winters are also owed to its position on the [[leeward]] side of the [[Great Dividing Range]], which [[rain shadow|block]] westerly cold fronts (that are more common in late winter) and thus would become [[southeast Australian foehn|foehn winds]], whereby allowing decent amount of sunny days and relatively low precipitation in that period.<ref>Sharples, J.J., McRae, R.H.D., Weber, R.O., Mills, G.A. (2009) Foehn-like winds and fire danger anomalies in southeastern Australia. Proceedings of the 18th IMACS World Congress and MODSIM09. 13–17 July, Cairns</ref> Thunderstorms are common in the months from early spring to early autumn, occasionally quite severe thunderstorms can occur. Snow is virtually unknown, having been recorded only in 1836 and 1896<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackheathweather.com/bmsnowhistory1.html|title= NSW NON ALPINE SNOW FALL EVENTS 1808 TO 2017|website=blackheathweather.com}}</ref> Parrammatta gets 106.6 days of clear skies annually.

Depending on the [[wind direction]], summer weather may be [[humid]] or [[Drought|dry]], though the humidity is mostly in the comfortable range, with the late summer/autumn period having a higher average humidity than late winter/early spring.

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| location = Parramatta North (1991–2020 averages, 1967–present extremes)
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan record high C = 47.0
| Feb record high C = 44.5
| Mar record high C = 40.5
| Apr record high C = 37.0
| May record high C = 29.2
| Jun record high C = 25.5
| Jul record high C = 26.8
| Aug record high C = 30.6
| Sep record high C = 36.5
| Oct record high C = 40.1
| Nov record high C = 42.7
| Dec record high C = 44.0
| year record high C = 47.0
| Jan avg record high C  = 40.1
| Feb avg record high C  = 37.5
| Mar avg record high C  = 33.9
| Apr avg record high C  = 30.3
| May avg record high C  = 26.2
| Jun avg record high C  = 22.3
| Jul avg record high C  = 22.7
| Aug avg record high C  = 25.7
| Sep avg record high C  = 30.8
| Oct avg record high C  = 34.3
| Nov avg record high C  = 36.6
| Dec avg record high C  = 37.6
|year avg record high C  = 41.6
| Jan high C = 29.1
| Feb high C = 28.3
| Mar high C = 26.5
| Apr high C = 23.9
| May high C = 20.9
| Jun high C = 18.2
| Jul high C = 17.8
| Aug high C = 19.5
| Sep high C = 22.3
| Oct high C = 24.5
| Nov high C = 25.8
| Dec high C = 27.7
| year high C = 23.7
| Jan low C = 17.9
| Feb low C = 17.7
| Mar low C = 15.9
| Apr low C = 12.6
| May low C = 9.6
| Jun low C = 7.5
| Jul low C = 6.3
| Aug low C = 6.9
| Sep low C = 9.4
| Oct low C = 12.0
| Nov low C = 14.3
| Dec low C = 16.4
| year low C = 12.2
| Jan avg record low C  = 12.9
| Feb avg record low C  = 12.7
| Mar avg record low C  = 10.9
| Apr avg record low C  = 7.8
| May avg record low C  = 4.5
| Jun avg record low C  = 2.9
| Jul avg record low C  = 1.7
| Aug avg record low C  = 2.4
| Sep avg record low C  = 4.5
| Oct avg record low C  = 6.5
| Nov avg record low C  = 8.6
| Dec avg record low C  = 10.9
| year avg record low C  = 1.2
| Jan record low C = 10.1
| Feb record low C = 9.2
| Mar record low C = 6.8
| Apr record low C = 4.0
| May record low C = 1.4
| Jun record low C = 0.8
| Jul record low C = -1.0
| Aug record low C = 0.7
| Sep record low C = 0.7
| Oct record low C = 3.6
| Nov record low C = 4.0
| Dec record low C = 7.7
| year record low C = -1.0
| Jan precipitation mm = 89.9
| Feb precipitation mm = 130.3
| Mar precipitation mm = 99.1
| Apr precipitation mm = 78.3
| May precipitation mm = 61.3
| Jun precipitation mm = 99.0
| Jul precipitation mm = 48.0
| Aug precipitation mm = 47.4
| Sep precipitation mm = 48.5
| Oct precipitation mm = 61.3
| Nov precipitation mm = 82.0
| Dec precipitation mm = 78.5
| year precipitation mm = 923.6
| Jan precipitation days = 8.6
| Feb precipitation days = 9.0
| Mar precipitation days = 9.9
| Apr precipitation days = 7.0
| May precipitation days = 6.3
| Jun precipitation days = 7.9
| Jul precipitation days = 6.0
| Aug precipitation days = 4.8
| Sep precipitation days = 5.7
| Oct precipitation days = 7.0
| Nov precipitation days = 8.7
| Dec precipitation days = 8.3
| year precipitation days = 89.2
| unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| humidity colour = green
| Jan afthumidity = 56
| Feb afthumidity = 59
| Mar afthumidity = 58
| Apr afthumidity = 56
| May afthumidity = 59
| Jun afthumidity = 58
| Jul afthumidity = 55
| Aug afthumidity = 45
| Sep afthumidity = 46
| Oct afthumidity = 50
| Nov afthumidity = 54
| Dec afthumidity = 55
| year afthumidity = 54
| Jan dew point C = 16.2
| Feb dew point C = 16.8
| Mar dew point C = 15.5
| Apr dew point C = 12.7
| May dew point C = 9.9
| Jun dew point C = 7.6
| Jul dew point C = 5.6
| Aug dew point C = 5.5
| Sep dew point C = 7.7
| Oct dew point C = 9.9
| Nov dew point C = 12.3
| Dec dew point C = 14.3
| year dew point C = 11.2
| source 1 = [[Bureau of Meteorology]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/cvg/av?p_stn_num=066124&p_prim_element_index=0&p_comp_element_index=0&redraw=null&p_display_type=full_statistics_table&normals_years=1991-2020&tablesizebutt=large| title = Climate statistics: PARRAMATTA NORTH (MASONS DRIVE)| publisher =[[Bureau of Meteorology]]|access-date=19 November 2020}}</ref>
}}

==Commercial area==
[[File:306 Church Street, Parramatta Jul 2015.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|Church Street]]
Church Street is home to many shops and restaurants. The northern end of Church Street, close to [[Lennox Bridge, Parramatta|Lennox Bridge]], features ''al fresco'' dining with a diverse range of cuisines. Immediately south of the CBD Church Street is known across Sydney as 'Auto Alley' for the many car dealerships lining both sides of the street as far as the M4 Motorway.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.discoverparramatta.com/places/shopping_districts/auto_alley/ |title=Auto Alley |website=Discover Parramatta}}</ref>
[[File:6&8 Parramatta Square Parramatta 02.png|thumb|268x268px|[[6 & 8 Parramatta Square]], Parramatta's tallest building]]
Since 2000, Parramatta has seen the consolidation of its role as a government centre, with the relocation of agencies such as the [[New South Wales Police Force]] Headquarters and the Sydney Water Corporation<ref name="Media Release" /> from [[Sydney CBD]]. At the same time, major construction work occurred around the [[Parramatta railway station|railway station]] with the expansion of Westfield Shoppingtown and the creation of a new transport interchange. The western part of the Parramatta CBD is known as the [[Parramatta Justice Precinct]] and houses the corporate headquarters of the [[Department of Communities and Justice]]. Other legal offices include the [[Children's Court of New South Wales]] and the Sydney West Trial Courts, [[Legal Aid Commission|Legal Aid Commission of NSW]], Office of Trustee and Guardian (formerly the Office of the Protective Commissioner), NSW Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages, and the [[Director of Public Prosecutions (New South Wales)|Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions]]. Nearby on Marsden Street is the [[Parramatta Courthouse]] and the [[Drug Court of New South Wales]]. The Garfield Barwick Commonwealth Law Courts Building (named in honour of [[Garfield Barwick|Sir Garfield Barwick]]), houses courts of the [[Federal Magistrates' Court|Federal Magistrates Court]] and the [[Family Court of Australia]]. The NSW Government has also announced plans to secure up to 45,000 m<sup>2</sup> of new A-grade leased office space in Parramatta to relocate a further 4,000 workers from the Sydney CBD.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finance.nsw.gov.au/about-us/media-releases/government-expand-parramatta-office-footprint |title=Government to expand Parramatta office footprint|website=Department of Finance, Services and Innovation |publisher=NSW Government |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Eclipse Parramatta sunset June 2012.jpg|alt=|thumb|Eclipse Tower|246x246px]]
[[Parramatta Square]] (previously known as Civic Place) is a civic precinct located in the heart of the city, adjacent to Parramatta Town Hall. The Parramatta Square construction works included a redevelopment of the Parramatta Civic Centre, construction of a new culture and arts centre, and the construction of a new plaza. The designs of the first two projects, a 65-storey residential skyscraper and an office building were announced on 20 July 2012.<ref>{{cite news |title=Parramatta's urban renewal relaunched |url=http://www.parramattasun.com.au/news/local/news/business/parramattas-urban-renewal-relaunched/2630947.aspx?storypage=0 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121230175038/http://www.parramattasun.com.au/news/local/news/business/parramattas-urban-renewal-relaunched/2630947.aspx?storypage=0 |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 December 2012 |work=Parramatta Sun |date=20 July 2012 |access-date=27 July 2012 }}</ref> Concerns from [[Civil Aviation Safety Authority|CASA]] about infringements into controlled airspace from the height of the residential tower resulted in 8 Parramatta Square being turned into a 55-story commercial building, rather than the originally proposed 65-storey residential tower.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Construction & Architecture News |url=https://www.architectureanddesign.com.au/news/parramatta-square-development-saga-nearing-end-wit |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=Architecture & Design |language=en}}</ref> Parramatta Square became home to 3,000 [[National Australia Bank]] employees, relocated from the Sydney CBD.<ref>{{cite web |title=NAB moves 3000 bankers into Parramatta Square |url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/newslocal/parramatta/nab-moves-3000-bankers-into-parramatta-square/news-story/0434bd480ab6174dab00d651a0e55266 |website=The Daily Telegraph|access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref> Other notable commercial tenants who have established a presence at Parramatta Square include [[Westpac]], [[Endeavour Energy]], [[KPMG]] and [[Deloitte]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Commercial Directory for Each Tower – Parramatta Square |url=https://www.psq.com.au/commercial/ |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=www.psq.com.au}}</ref>

[[Centenary Square, Parramatta|Centenary Square]], formerly known as Centenary Plaza, was created in 1975 when the then [[Parramatta City Council]] closed a section of the main street to traffic to create a pedestrian plaza. It features an 1888 Centennial Memorial Fountain and adjoins the 1883 Parramatta Town Hall and [[St John's Cathedral, Parramatta|St John's Cathedral]].<ref>{{cite web |title=About Centenary Square |url=http://arc.parracity.nsw.gov.au/home/projects/centenary-square-parramatta/ |website=Parramatta Heritage Centre |publisher=City of Parramatta Council |access-date=9 November 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

A hospital known as The Colonial Hospital was established in Parramatta in 1818.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeffery House |url=http://www.wsahs.nsw.gov.au/services/publicaffairs/JefferyHouseInternet.htm/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926231404/http://www.wsahs.nsw.gov.au/services/publicaffairs/JefferyHouseInternet.htm |archive-date=26 September 2011}}</ref> This then became Parramatta District Hospital. Jeffery House was built in the 1940s. With the construction of the nearby [[Westmead Hospital]] complex public hospital services in Parramatta were reduced but after refurbishment Jeffery House again provides clinical health services. Nearby, Brislington House has had a long history with health services. It is the oldest colonial building in Parramatta, dating to 1821.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brislington House |url=http://www.visit.heritage.nsw.gov.au/16_subnav_09_2.cfm?itemid=5051397&sort_by=&item_id=&item_name=&suburb_name=&product_category=&state_theme=&product_region= }}</ref> It became a doctors residence before being incorporated into the Parramatta Hospital in 1949.

Parramatta is a major business and commercial centre, and home to [[Westfield Parramatta]], the [[List of shopping centres in Australia by size#List of shopping centres in Australia by gross leasable area|tenth largest shopping centre in Australia]].<ref>{{cite web|year=2017|title=Westfield Parramatta|url=https://www.westfield.com.au/parramatta|access-date=18 December 2017|publisher=Westfield Group}}</ref> Parramatta is also the major transport hub for Western Sydney, servicing trains and buses, as well as having a ferry wharf and future light rail and metro services. Major upgrades have occurred around Parramatta railway station with the creation of a new transport interchange, and the ongoing development of the Parramatta Square local government precinct.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to Parramatta NSW Australia|url=http://www.cityofparramatta.com/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517035702/http://www.cityofparramatta.com/|archive-date=17 May 2014|access-date=13 July 2014|publisher=cityofparramatta.com}}</ref>

==Places of worship==
[[File:St Johns Cathedral-2.jpg|thumb|[[St John's Cathedral, Parramatta|St John's Cathedral]] was completed in 1802]]
Church Street takes its name from [[St John's Cathedral, Parramatta|St John's Cathedral]] ([[Anglican]]), which was built in 1802 and is the oldest church in Parramatta. While the present building is not the first on the site, the towers were built during the time of [[Lachlan Macquarie|Governor Macquarie]], and were based on those of the church at [[St Mary's Church, Reculver|Reculver]], England, at the suggestion of his wife, [[Elizabeth Macquarie|Elizabeth]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritage.nsw.gov.au/07_subnav_02_2.cfm?itemid=5060990 |title=St John's Anglican Cathedral |website=Heritage Branch |access-date=15 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609180649/http://www.heritage.nsw.gov.au/07_subnav_02_2.cfm?itemid=5060990 |archive-date=2011-06-09}} See also [[Reculver#History|Reculver]].</ref> The historic [[St John's Cemetery, Parramatta|St John's Cemetery]] is located nearby on O'Connell Street.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.discoverparramatta.com/places/heritage_and_historic_sites/st._johns_cemetery/ |title=St Johns Cemetery |website=Discover Parramatta |access-date=22 August 2011 |archive-date=27 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227054322/http://www.discoverparramatta.com/places/heritage_and_historic_sites/st._johns_cemetery |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[File:(1)St Patricks Cathedral Parramatta-1.jpg|left|thumb|225x225px|[[St Patrick's Cathedral, Parramatta|St Patrick's Cathedral]]]]
[[File:Former Congregational Church (1871).jpg|thumb|200x200px|Congregational Church (1871)]]
[[St Patrick's Cathedral, Parramatta|St Patrick's Cathedral]] ([[Roman Catholic]]) is one of the oldest Catholic churches in Australia. Construction commenced in 1836, but it wasn't officially complete until 1837. In 1854 a new church was commissioned, although the tower was not completed until 1880, with the spire following in 1883.<ref>{{cite web |title=St Patrick's Catholic Cathedral: Parramatta |url=http://www.ohta.org.au/confs/Sydney/STPATRICKSCath.html |publisher=ohta.org.au |access-date=13 July 2014}}</ref> It was built on the site to meet the needs of a growing congregation. It was destroyed by fire in 1996, with only the stone walls remaining.

On 29 November 2003, the new St Patrick's Cathedral was dedicated.<ref>{{cite web |website=St Patrick's Cathedral Parish Parramatta |url=http://www.stpatscathedral.com.au/history.htm |title=History |access-date=11 January 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080131230821/http://www.stpatscathedral.com.au/history.htm |archive-date=31 January 2008}}</ref> The historic [[St Patrick's Cemetery, North Parramatta|St Patrick's Cemetery]] is located in North Parramatta. The [[Uniting Church]] is represented by Leigh Memorial Church.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.parramattamission.org.au/congregations/leigh-memorial/ |title=Leigh Memorial Church |publisher=Parramatta Mission |access-date=18 December 2017}}</ref> [[Parramatta Salvation Army]] is one of the oldest active [[Salvation Army]] Corps in Australia. Parramatta is also home to the Parramatta and Districts Synagogue, which services the [[Jewish]] community of western Sydney.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://parramattasynagogue.com.au/ |title=Parramatta Synagogue |publisher=Parramatta Synagogue |access-date=18 December 2017}}</ref>

The [[Greek Orthodox]] Parish and Community of [[John the Baptist|St Ioannis]] (St John The Frontrunner) Greek Orthodox Church was established in Parramatta in May 1960 under the ecumenical jurisdiction of the [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia]] to serve the predominantly emigrating Greek population of Greater Western Sydney. Originally, the liturgies were held in the hall of St John's Ambulance Brigade in Harris Park until the completion of the church in December 1966 located in Hassall Street Parramatta. The parish sold this property in 2014 and is now located at the corner of George and Purchase Streets.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stioannis.org/contact-us/ |title=Contact Us |website=Greek Orthodox Parish & Community of "St Ioannis" Parramatta}}</ref> The Parish Community of St Ioannis continues to serve over 5,000 Greek parishioners.<ref>{{cite web |title=Home |website=Greek Orthodox Parish & Community of "St Ioannis" Parramatta |url=http://www.stioannis.org/}}</ref>

A [[Buddhist]] temple is located in Cowper Street, Parramatta.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nantien.org.au/en/news/News_View.asp?NewsID=36/|title=Nan Tien Temple, Australia|website=Nan Tien Temple|access-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808172102/http://www.nantien.org.au/en/news/News_View.asp?NewsID=36%2F|archive-date=8 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Parramatta's [[Mosque]] is in an apartment building on Marsden Street, Parramatta.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parramattamosque.org.au/|title=Parramatta Mosque|access-date=26 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810091427/http://www.parramattamosque.org.au/|archive-date=10 August 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The district is served by [[List of Swaminarayan temples#New South Wales|BAPS Swaminarayan Hindu temple]] located on Eleanor St, Rosehill,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swaminarayan.org/|title=-- B A P S Swaminarayan Sanstha --|website=swaminarayan.org}}</ref> and a [[Murugan]] Hindu temple in [[Mays Hill]], off Great Western Highway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sydneymurugan.org.au/murugan2/|title=Home – Sydney Murugan Temple|website=sydneymurugan.org.au}}</ref>

==Parks==
[[File:Prince Alfred Square 3.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Victorian Gazebo at the [[Prince Alfred Square]]]]
[[File:(1)Old Government House 010.jpg|thumb|The [[Old Government House, Parramatta|Old Government House]] is a major site of significance in [[Parramatta Park, New South Wales|Parramatta Park]].]]
[[Parramatta Park, New South Wales|Parramatta Park]] is a large park adjacent to [[Western Sydney Stadium]] that is a popular venue for walking, jogging and bike riding. It was formerly the Governor's Domain, being land set aside for the Governor to supply his farming needs, until it was gazetted as a public park in 1858.<ref>{{cite web |title=Celebrating 160 Years |url=https://www.parrapark.com.au/about-us/160-years/ |website=Parramatta Park |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref> As the Governor's Domain, the grounds were considerably larger than the current 85 hectare Parramatta Park, extending from Parramatta Road in the south as evident by a small gatehouse adjacent to Parramatta High School. For a time Parramatta Park housed a zoo<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arc.parracity.nsw.gov.au/blog/2017/10/23/wild-things-the-history-of-parramatta-zoo/|title=Wild things: The history of Parramatta Zoo|date=23 October 2017}}</ref> until 1951 when the animals were transferred to [[Taronga Zoo]].

Parramatta is known as the 'River City' as the [[Parramatta River]] flows through the Parramatta CBD.<ref>{{cite web |title=Central River City vision |url=https://www.greater.sydney/portal/metropolis-three-cities/vision-metropolis-three-cities/central-river-city-vision |publisher=Greater Sydney Commission |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref> Its foreshore features a playground, seating, picnic tables and pathways that are increasingly popular with residents, visitors and CBD workers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au/council/precinct-planning/parramatta-cbd/city-river-foreshore|title=City River Foreshore |publisher=City of Parramatta Council |access-date=9 November 2018}}</ref>

[[Prince Alfred Square]] is a [[Victorian era]] park located within the CBD on the northern side of the [[Parramatta River]]. It is one of the oldest public parks in [[New South Wales]] with trees dating from {{Circa|1869}}. Prior to being a public park, it was the site of Parramatta's second gaol from 1804 until 1841 and the first female factory in Australia between 1804 and 1821.{{cn|date=September 2025}}

==Transport==
In contrast to the high level of [[car dependency]] throughout Sydney, a greater proportion of Parramatta's workers travelled to work on public transport (45.2%) than by car (36.2%) in 2016.<ref name="ABS2016">{{Census 2016 AUS |id=SSC13156 |name=Parramatta (State Suburb) |access-date=25 October 2018 |quick=on}}</ref>
[[File:Parramatta railway station platforms from Westmead end.jpg|thumb|[[Parramatta railway station]]]]

===Rail===

==== Heavy rail ====
[[Parramatta railway station]] is served by [[Sydney Trains]]' [[T5 Cumberland Line]], [[T2 Leppington & Inner West Line]] and [[T1 North Shore & Western Line]] train services.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://transportnsw.info/stop?q=10101229#/ |title=Station Details – Parramatta |access-date=31 May 2018 |website=Transport for NSW }}</ref> [[NSW TrainLink]] operates intercity services on the [[Blue Mountains Line]] as well as services to rural New South Wales. The station was originally opened in 1855, located in what is now [[Granville, New South Wales|Granville]], and known as Parramatta Junction. The station was moved to its current location and opened on 4 July 1860, five years after the first railway line in Sydney was opened, running from Sydney to Parramatta Junction.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nswrail.net/locations/show.php?name=NSW:Parramatta&line=NSW:main_west:0 |title=New South Wales Railways:Parramatta Railway Station |access-date=30 January 2008 |last=Bozier |first=Rolfe}}</ref> It was upgraded in the 2000s, with work beginning in late 2003 and the new interchange opening on 19 February 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityrail.info/news/060214-parramatta.jsp |title=Parramatta Transport Interchange – opening 19 February |access-date=30 January 2008 |website=CityRail |date=14 February 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071220201930/http://www.cityrail.info/news/060214-parramatta.jsp |archive-date=20 December 2007}}</ref>

==== Light rail ====
{{main|Parramatta Light Rail}}

The light rail [[Westmead & Carlingford Line]] runs from Westmead to [[Carlingford, New South Wales|Carlingford]] via the Parramatta city centre. A future branch will run to [[Sydney Olympic Park]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-12-19 |title='Moment in history': Commuters board first Parramatta light rail service |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-12-20/parramatta-light-rail-open-day-route-map-westmead-carlingford/104747540 |access-date=2024-12-22 |work=ABC News |language=en-AU}}</ref>

==== Metro ====
{{main|Sydney Metro West}}

The under construction [[Sydney Metro West]] will be a metro line run between the Sydney central business district and Westmead. Announced in 2016,<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2016 |title=Sydney Metro West: a new railway, more trains for Western Sydney |url=http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/newsroom/media-releases/sydney-metro-west-new-railway-more-trains-western-sydney |publisher=Transport for NSW}}</ref> the line is set to open in 2032 with [[Parramatta metro station|a station in Parramatta]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rose |first1=Tamsin |last2=Visontay |first2=Elias |last3=McLeod |first3=Catie |date=6 December 2023 |title=This article is more than 2 months old Rosehill racecourse could be turned into 25,000 homes in Metro West revamp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2023/dec/06/rosehill-racecourse-could-be-turned-into-25000-homes-in-metro-west-revamp |access-date=4 March 2024 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>

===Bus===
Parramatta is also serviced by a [[Parramatta railway station#Bus services|major bus interchange]] located on the south eastern side of the railway station. The interchange is served by buses utilising the [[North-West T-way]] to Rouse Hill and the [[Liverpool–Parramatta T-way]] to Liverpool. 
[[File:Parramatta Wharf in October 2024.jpg|thumb|[[Parramatta ferry wharf]]]]

===Ferry===
The [[Parramatta ferry wharf]] is at the Charles Street Weir, which divides the tidal saltwater from the freshwater of the upper river, on the eastern boundary of the Central Business District. The wharf is the westernmost destination of [[Sydney Ferries]]' [[Parramatta River ferry services]].<ref name="T2">{{Cite New South Wales transport timetables|F3}}</ref>

===Road===
{{unreferenced section|date=September 2025}}
[[Parramatta Road]] has always been an important thoroughfare for Sydney from its earliest days. From Parramatta the major western road for the state is the [[Great Western Highway]]. The [[M4 Western Motorway]], running parallel to the Great Western Highway has taken much of the traffic away from these roads, with entrance and exit ramps close to Parramatta.

[[James Ruse Drive]] serves as a partial ring-road circling around the eastern part of Parramatta to join with the [[Cumberland Highway]] to the north west of the city.

The main north-south route through Parramatta is Church Street. To the north it becomes [[Windsor Road]], and to the south it becomes Woodville Road.

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|type=
|2001|17982
|2006|18448
|2011|19745
|2016|25798
|2021|30211
}}
[[File:Parramatta Town Hall, 2023.jpg|thumb|[[Parramatta Town Hall]] in 2023]]
According to the {{CensusAU|2021}} conducted by the [[Australian Bureau of Statistics]], the suburb of Parramatta had a population of 30,211. Of these:<ref name=abs2021pop>{{Census 2021 AUS|id=SAL13167|name=Parramatta (State Suburb)|access-date=4 October 2024|quick=on}}</ref>

; Ethnic diversity: The most common country of birth in Parramatta is [[India]] representing 30.9% of the population, outnumbering Australian born residents at 24.8%. The next most common are [[China]] 8.9%, [[Nepal]] 5.5%, [[Philippines]] 2.5% and [[Iran]] 1.3%. However, only 6.8% identify their ancestry as Australian; the other common self-identified ancestries were [[Indian people|Indian]] 27.3%, [[Chinese people|Chinese]] 15.3%, [[English people|English]] 8.5% and [[Nepalis|Nepali]] 5.5%. About one quarter (24.4%) of people spoke English at home; other languages spoken at home included [[Hindi]] 10.4%, [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]] 8.8%, [[Nepali language|Nepali]] 5.3%, [[Tamil language|Tamil]] 5.0% and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] 4.3%.

; Religion: This question is optional in the census. Of the people who answered it, the most common response was [[Hinduism]] 33.6%; the next most common responses were no religion at 21.6%, [[Catholic]] at 12.1%, not stated at 7.7% and [[Islam]] at 7.5%.

; Age distribution: Parramatta has an over-representation of young adults when compared to the country as a whole. Parramatta residents' median age was 32 years, compared to the national median of 38. Children aged under 15 years made up 16.3% of the population (national average is 18.2%) and people aged 65 years and over made up 6.6% of the population (national average is 17.2%).

; Income: The average weekly household [[income]] was $2,092, compared to the national average of $1,746.

; Housing: The majority of dwellings in Parramatta (85.6%) were flats, units or [[apartment]]s; 7.7% were [[separate houses]], and 5.7% were [[semi-detached]] (mostly [[townhouse]]s). The average household size was 2.4 people.

===Notable residents===
{{unreferenced section|date=September 2025}}
* [[Keith Agget]] (1931–2017), rugby league player
* [[Bernie Banton]] (1946–2007), builder and social justice campaigner
* [[Richie Benaud]] (1930–2015), cricketer and commentator
* [[Allan Cunningham (botanist)|Allan Cunningham]] (1791–1839), explorer and botanist
* [[Greg Dyer]] (born 1959), cricketer 
* [[Gerry Hazlitt]] (1888–1915), cricketer 
* [[Paul Hogan]] (born 1939), comedian and actor 
* [[Harry Hopman]] (1906–1985), tennis player
* [[David Lennox]] (1788–1873), colonial bridge builder
* [[John Lewin]] (1770–1819), first professional artist in New South Wales
* [[Bruce Mann (rugby league)|Bruce Mann]] (1926–2007), rugby league player 
* [[George McIver]] (1859–1945), [[science fiction]] writer
* Rev. [[Samuel Marsden]] (1765–1838), known as the "flogging parson"
* Mary Cover Hassall (1799–1825), [[Methodism|Methodist]] missionary to [[Tonga Island]]
* [[Dowell Philip O'Reilly]] (1865–1923), poet and politician
* [[Todd Payten]] (born 1979), rugby league player and coach
* [[William "Jock" Ross|"Jock" Ross]] (born 1943), outlaw biker
* [[Nora Kate Weston]] (1880–1965), artisan
* [[J. C. Wharton]] (1853–1929), editor of ''Parramatta Times'' (defunct) and a local historian<ref>{{Citation | title=The jubilee history of Parramatta in commemoration of the first half-century of municipal government, 1861–1911 | date=1911 | publisher=Parramatta T.D. Little and R.S. Richardson | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/2439563 | access-date=10 June 2016 }} Available as .pdf-based CD-ROM</ref>

==Education==
[[File:Macarthur Girls High School, Parramatta.jpg|thumb|[[Macarthur Girls High School]]]]
Parramatta is home to several primary and secondary schools. [[Arthur Phillip High School]] was established in 1960 in its own right, in buildings which had been used continuously as a school since 1875 is the oldest continuously operating public school in Parramatta. [[Parramatta High School]] was the first coeducational school in the Sydney metropolitan area established in 1913. [[Our Lady of Mercy College, Parramatta|Our Lady of Mercy College]] is one of the oldest Catholic schools in Australia. [[Macarthur Girls High School]] is successor to an earlier school 'Parramatta Commercial and Household Arts School'. Others schools include Parramatta Public School, Parramatta East Public School, Parramatta West Public School, and St Patrick's Primary Parramatta.
[[File:Old King's School - Parramatta, NSW (7822297546).jpg|thumb|[[Old King's School, Parramatta|Old King's School]]]]
Several [[tertiary education]] facilities are also located within Parramatta. A [[University of New England (Australia)|University of New England]] study centre and two [[Western Sydney University]] campuses are situated in Parramatta. The [[Western Sydney University Parramatta Campus]] consists of two sites: Parramatta South (the primary site) which occupies the site of the historic Female Orphan School<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to the Female Orphan School|url=https://www.westernsydney.edu.au/femaleorphanschool/home|publisher=Western Sydney University|access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref> and Parramatta North (the secondary site) which includes the adjacent Western Sydney University Village Parramatta (formerly [[UWS Village]] Parramatta) an on campus student village accommodation. Whereby, the flagship Parramatta City Campus Precinct consists of two buildings: the Engineering Innovation Hub located at 6 Hassall Street and the Peter Shergold Building located at 1 Parramatta Square (169 Macquarie Street).<ref>{{cite web|title=Parramatta City Campus Precinct|date=23 July 2024 |url=https://www.westernsydney.edu.au/future/our-campuses/parramatta-city-campus#00|publisher=Western Sydney University|access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref> [[Alphacrucis]] University College is a Christian liberal arts college with a campus in Parramatta located at 30 Cowper Street.<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome to AC Sydney|url=https://www.ac.edu.au/campuses/sydney/|publisher=Alphacrucis University College|access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref> The [[University of Sydney]] has also announced that it intends to establish a new campus in Parramatta.<ref>{{cite web|title=Parramatta-Westmead campus proposal takes shape|url=https://sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2018/11/05/parramatta-westmead-campus-proposal-takes-shape.html|publisher=University of Sydney|access-date=24 January 2019}}</ref>

==Media==
The ''[[Parramatta Advertiser]]'' is the local newspaper serving Parramatta and surrounding suburbs.{{cn|date=September 2025}}

On 16 March 2020, the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] opened a new western Sydney [[newsroom]] in Horwood Place at Parramatta incorporating space for 12 staff and news production equipment with the capacity to broadcast [[live radio]] programs.<ref name="newsroom">{{cite press release|url=https://www.abc.net.au/about/media-centre/press-releases/new-abc-western-sydney-newsroom-opens-for-business/103714782|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250915021523/https://www.abc.net.au/about/media-centre/press-releases/new-abc-western-sydney-newsroom-opens-for-business/103714782|url-status=live|archive-date=15 September 2025|title=New ABC Western Sydney newsroom opens for business|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=13 March 2020|website=About the ABC|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|access-date=16 June 2021}}</ref> According to the ABC, the opening formed part of its strategic goal to improve its presence in outer metropolitan areas.<ref name="newsroom" /> Additionally, the ABC announced on 16 June 2021 its intention to relocate approximately 300 employees to Parramatta, which is part of a five-year plan which aims to have 75% of its content makers based away from the network's [[Ultimo, New South Wales|Ultimo]] headquarters by 2025.<ref>{{cite news |last=Samios|first=Zoe|date=16 June 2021|title=ABC to relocate 300 Ultimo staff to Parramatta|url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/abc-to-relocate-300-staff-to-parramatta-20210616-p581eh.html|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|publisher=[[Nine Entertainment]] |access-date=16 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--No by-line.--> |title=ABC announces 300 staff will move from Ultimo headquarters to Parramatta in Western Sydney|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-06-16/abc-to-relocate-300-staff-from-ultimo-to-parramatta/100218898|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250212042139/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-06-16/abc-to-relocate-300-staff-from-ultimo-to-parramatta/100218898|url-status=live|archive-date=12 February 2025|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=16 June 2021|access-date=16 June 2021}}</ref>

In 2024, the ABC set up a new studio in [[Parramatta Square]] with ''Mornings'' on [[ABC Radio Sydney]] being the first program to broadcast from the new location.<ref>{{cite news |access-date=15 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506154655/https://tvblackbox.com.au/page/2024/05/06/abc-officially-opens-new-broadcast-facility-in-parramatta/ |url-status=live |archive-date=6 May 2024 |date=6 May 2024 |title=ABC officially opens new broadcast facility in Parramatta |first=Kyle |last=Laidlaw |url=https://tvblackbox.com.au/page/2024/05/06/abc-officially-opens-new-broadcast-facility-in-parramatta/ |website=TV Blackbox}}</ref> In 2025, they moved bulletins on the [[ABC News channel]] to be broadcast from the new location with an official opening by the prime minister [[Anthony Albanese]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-02-18/abc-new-parramatta-facilities-opened-pm-anthony-albanese/104951168 |access-date=15 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250524230441/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2025-02-18/abc-new-parramatta-facilities-opened-pm-anthony-albanese/104951168 |archive-date=24 May 2025 |url-status=live |date=18 February 2025 |title=ABC's new Parramatta facilities officially opened by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Chair Kim Williams}}</ref>

In 2025, [[The Sydney Morning Herald]] announced the establishment of a Parramatta bureau to provide enhanced coverage of the western Sydney area.<ref>{{cite web |last=Motte |first=Adrian |date=23 Jan 2025 |title=The Sydney Morning Herald expands newsroom with opening of Parramatta bureau |url=https://www.nineforbrands.com.au/media-release/the-sydney-morning-herald-expands-newsroom-with-opening-of-parramatta-bureau/ |website=Nine for Brands |access-date=22 Oct 2025}}</ref>

==Culture and sport==
[[File:Pitch level halfway looking NE.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[CommBank Stadium]]]]
[[File:(1)Parramatta River.jpg|thumb|Various events are held on the Parramatta River.]]
As the centre of the [[City of Parramatta]], as well as the centre and second largest business district of Sydney, Parramatta hosts many festivals and events.<ref>{{cite web |title=Parramatta Events – About |url=http://www.discoverparramatta.com/events |website=Discover Parramatta}}</ref> [[Riverside Theatres Parramatta|Riverside Theatres]] is a performing arts centre located on the northern bank of Parramatta River. The city hosts the following events:
* January – [[Sydney Festival]] and Australia Day<ref>{{cite web |website=Sydney Festival |title=Home |url=http://www.sydneyfestival.org.au}}</ref>
* February – Lunar New Year and [[Tropfest]]<ref>{{cite web |website=Tropfest |title=Home |url=http://www.tropfest.org.au}}</ref>
* April – [[Anzac Day]]
* July – Winterlight and Burramatta Day ([[NAIDOC Week]])
* October – Parramasala and Parramatta Lanes<ref>{{cite web |title=About Parramasala Festival |url=http://www.parramasala.com/about/ |website=Parramasala |access-date=31 August 2015}}</ref>
* November – [[Loy Krathong]], Christmas in Parramatta and Foundation Day
* December – [[New Year's Eve]]

Parramatta Park contains [[Old Government House, Parramatta|Old Government House]] and thus Parramatta was once the capital of the colony of [[New South Wales]] until governors returned to residing in Sydney in 1846.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oldgovernmenthouse.com.au/index.php?page=timeline_ogh/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120910105005/http://www.oldgovernmenthouse.com.au/index.php?page=timeline_ogh/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-09-10|title=Old Government House|website=oldgovernmenthouse.com.au}}</ref> Another feature is the natural amphitheatre located on one of the bends of the river, named by Governor Philip as "the Crescent", which is used to stage concerts. It is home to the [[Dairy Cottage, Parramatta|Dairy Cottage]], built from 1798 to 1805, originally a single-room cottage and is one of the earliest surviving cottages in Australia.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Zeunert |first=Joshua |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Sydney_s_Food_Landscapes/zE1nEQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=dairy+cottage+parramatta+park&pg=PA95&printsec=frontcover |title=Sydney’s Food Landscapes: Agriculture, Planning, Sustainability |last2=Daroy |first2=Alys |date=2025-06-20 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-981-96-0710-5 |language=en}}</ref>

The remains of governor Brisbane's private astronomical observatory, constructed in 1822, are visible. Astronomers who worked at the observatory, discovering thousands of new stars and [[Deep-sky object|deep sky objects]], include [[James Dunlop]] and [[Carl Rümker]]. In 1822, the architect S. L. Harris designed the Bath House for Governor Brisbane and built it in 1823. Water was pumped to the building through lead pipes from the river. In 1886, it was converted into a pavilion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ppt.nsw.gov.au/|title=Plone|website=ppt.nsw.gov.au|access-date=16 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212031338/http://www.ppt.nsw.gov.au/|archive-date=12 February 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Cultural events ===
* The [[Rosehill Gardens Racecourse|Rosehill Race Course]] holds various race meets throughout the year, including: Derby Day, Golden Rose Day, and Rosehill Gardens Race Day.{{cn|date=September 2025}}
* The Parramatta Farmers Markets<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeout.com/sydney/shopping/parramatta-farmers-markets|title=Parramatta Farmers' Markets |website=TimeOut Sydney}}</ref> occurs every Friday, and has local produce.

===Sporting teams===
Parramatta is the home of several professional sports teams. These teams include the [[Parramatta Eels]] of the [[National Rugby League]] and [[Western Sydney Wanderers FC|Western Sydney Wanderers]] of the [[A-League]]. Both teams formerly played matches at [[Parramatta Stadium]] that has since been demolished, and replaced with the 30,000-seat [[Western Sydney Stadium]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://infrastructure.nsw.gov.au/projects-nsw/western-sydney-stadium.aspx|title=Infrastructure NSW : Western Sydney Stadium|last=NSW|first=Infrastructure|website=Infrastructure NSW|language=en|access-date=2018-10-25}}</ref> Parramatta Stadium was also home to the now dissolved [[Sydney Wave]] of the former [[Australian Baseball League (1989–99)|Australian Baseball League]] and [[Parramatta Power SC|Parramatta Power]] of the former [[National Soccer League]]. The newly built Bankwest Stadium opened its gates for the community on 14 April 2019 with free entry for all fans. Located on O'Connell Street, the stadium is in proximity of the Parramatta CBD.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bankweststadium.com.au/western-sydney-business-chamber-bankwest-stadium-kicks-goals-for-western-sydney-economy/|title=Sydney Business Chamber: Bankwest Stadium kicks goals for Western Sydney economy|website=Bankwest Stadium}}</ref>

== Entertainment ==
[[Duran Duran]]'s "Union of the Snake" music video with [[Russell Mulcahy]] was filmed in 1983 at Parramatta using [[35 mm movie film|35mm film]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Duran Duran interview Countdown 1 | date=7 February 2011 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikHPGLaJ9OA |access-date=2024-03-05 |language=en}}</ref>

The 2013 superhero film ''[[The Wolverine (film)|The Wolverine]]'' used the intersection of George Street and Smith Street as a filming location to depict [[Tokyo]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Filming Locations for The Wolverine (2013), in New South Wales and Japan. |url=http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/w/Wolverine.php |access-date=2024-03-05 |website=The Worldwide Guide to Movie Locations}}</ref>

== Heritage listings ==
Parramatta has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}
* 1 and 3 Barrack Lane: [[Warders Cottages, Parramatta|Warders Cottages]]<ref name=nswshr-709>{{cite NSW SHR|5045138|Warders Cottages|hr=00709|fn=S90/03265 & HC 86 1956|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 39 Campbell Street: [[Lennox House, Parramatta|Lennox House]]<ref name=nswshr-751>{{cite NSW SHR|5051415|Lennox House|hr=00751|fn=09/01964; S90/05627|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 195 Church Street: [[St John's Cathedral, Parramatta|St John's Cathedral]]<ref name=nswshr-1805>{{cite NSW SHR|5060990|St. John's Anglican Cathedral|hr=01805|fn=14/5147; H99/89/1; 09/3748/1|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 349–351 (adj) Church Street: [[Lennox Bridge, Parramatta|Lennox Bridge]]<ref name=nswshr-750>{{cite NSW SHR|5051414|Lennox Bridge|hr=00750|fn=S91/00389/001; 11/08483;|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 353 Church Street: [[Prince Alfred Square]]<ref name=nswshr-1997>{{cite NSW SHR|5053902|Prince Alfred Square and potential archaeological site|hr=01997|fn=EF10/03498; H00/66/1|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 541 Church Street: [[Oddfellows Arms Inn]]<ref name=nswshr-276>{{cite NSW SHR|5045131|Oddfellows Arms Inn|hr=00276|fn=S90/04140 & HC 32544|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* Fleet Street: [[Parramatta Female Factory and Institutions Precinct]]<ref name=nswshr-811>{{cite NSW SHR|5012148|Norma Parker Correctional Centre|hr=00811|fn=09/2787; H98/242; H00/112|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref><ref name=nswshr-820>{{cite NSW SHR|5051959|Cumberland District Hospital Group|hr=00820|fn=EF14/5114; 09/2787;H00/112|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 10 George Street: [[Brislington, Parramatta|Brislington]]<ref name=nswshr-59>{{cite NSW SHR|5051397|Parramatta District Hospital – Brislington and Landscape|hr=00059|fn=10/21989; S90/06154; S90/06653|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 65–69 George Street: [[Roxy Theatre, Parramatta|Roxy Theatre]]<ref name=nswshr-711>{{cite NSW SHR|5051406|Roxy Theatre|hr=00711|fn=14/5143; S90/01328; HC 32196|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 85 George Street: [[Perth House]]<ref name=nswshr-155>{{cite NSW SHR|5051401|Perth House and Stables|hr=00155|fn=S90/05897 & HC 32408|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 88–92 George Street: [[88-92 George Street, Parramatta|88–92 George Street]]<ref name=nswshr-278>{{cite NSW SHR|5051409|Shop and office|hr=00278|fn=S90/05454 & HC 32760|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 182 George Street: [[Harrisford]]<ref name=nswshr-248>{{cite NSW SHR|5051407|Harrisford|hr=00248|fn=S90/06019 & HC 32277|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* Great Western railway: [[Parramatta railway station]]<ref name=nswshr-696>{{cite NSW SHR|5051413|Parramatta Railway Station|hr=00696|fn=EF14/5137; S91/2223; HC860947|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* Horwood Place: [[Redcoats Mess House]]<ref name=nswshr-218>{{cite NSW SHR|5051399|Redcoats Mess House|hr=00218|fn=S90/05835 & HC 32462|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* Linden House, 2 Smith Street: [[New South Wales Lancers Memorial Museum|New South Wales Lancers Memorial Museum Collection]]<ref name=nswshr-1824>{{cite NSW SHR|5061065|1st/15th Royal NSW Lancers Memorial Museum Collection|hr=01824|fn=H00/00247 & 10/02110|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 1 Marist Place: [[Murphy House, Parramatta|Murphy House]]<ref name=nswshr-238>{{cite NSW SHR|5045425|Murphys House|hr=00238|fn=S91/00681/4|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 45 Macquarie Street: [[Parramatta Archaeological Site]]<ref name=nswshr-2027>{{cite NSW SHR|5055138|Archaeological Site and Associated Artefacts|hr=02027|fn=10/12844; H05/00286; S91/05258|access-date=18 February 2020}}</ref>
* Marsden Street: [[Parramatta Hospital Archaeological Site]]<ref name=nswshr-828>{{cite NSW SHR|5012363|Parramatta District Hospital – Archaeology|hr=00828|fn=S90/00065/7; S97/01013|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 8 Melville Street: [[Macarthur House]]<ref name=nswshr-50>{{cite NSW SHR|5051396|Macarthur House|hr=00050|fn=S90/03732|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* O'Connell Street: [[Old King's School, Parramatta|Old King's School]]<ref name=nswshr-826>{{cite NSW SHR|5051802|Marsden Rehabilitation Centre Group|hr=00826|fn=H04/00154; S93/01403|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref><ref>[http://libcat.parracity.nsw.gov.au/client/en_AU/default/search/detailnonmodal/ent:$002f$002fSD_ILS$002f0$002fSD_ILS:38001/ada?qu=Peddle+Thorp+Architects+(N.S.W.)&ic=true Marsden Rehabilitation Centre &#91;former King's School&#93; : conservation plan] City of Parramatta Library</ref>
* O'Connell Street: [[Old Government House, Parramatta|Old Government House]]<ref name=nswshr-596>{{cite NSW SHR|5051462|Parramatta Park and Old Government House|hr=00596|fn=EF14/5136; S09/1461; S90/1429|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 1 O'Connell Street: [[St John's Anglican Cemetery]]<ref name=nswshr-49>{{cite NSW SHR|5051395|St. John's Anglican Cemetery|hr=00049|fn=H04/91;EF12/6507 H12/6790|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 12, 14, 16 O'Connell Street: [[Travellers Rest Inn]]<ref name=nswshr-748>{{cite NSW SHR|5051404|Travellers Rest Inn Group|hr=00748|fn=S90/04034 & HC 33150|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 25 O'Connell Street: [[Avondale, Parramatta|Avondale]]<ref name=nswshr-239>{{cite NSW SHR|5051400|Avondale|hr=00239|fn=S90/05456 & HC 32762|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 40–42 O'Connell Street: [[Roseneath Cottage]]<ref name=nswshr-42>{{cite NSW SHR|5045134|Roseneath Cottage|hr=00042|fn=EF14/26215; S90/6140; HC 32138|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* Corner O'Connell Street and Dunlop Street, [[North Parramatta]]: [[Parramatta Correctional Centre]]<ref name=nswshr-812>{{cite NSW SHR|5000657|Parramatta Correctional Centre|hr=00812|fn=S90/06416; H00/00112|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 54 Sorrell Street: [[Endrim]]<ref name=nswshr-379>{{cite NSW SHR|5051411|Endrim|hr=00379|fn=S90/05018 & HC 32958|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
* 43a Thomas Street: [[Broughton House, Parramatta|Broughton House]]<ref name=nswshr-1302>{{cite NSW SHR|5051402|Broughton House|hr=01302|fn=EF11/05244; S91/2443/1|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>
{{Div col end}}

==See also==
* [[List of tallest buildings in Parramatta]]
* [[Parramatta cloth]]
* [[Story Factory]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{wikivoyage|Sydney/Parramatta|Parramatta}}
{{Commons category|Parramatta, New South Wales}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Parramatta}}
* [https://www.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au/ Parramatta City Council website]
* [https://www.parrapark.com.au/ Parramatta Park website]
* [http://www.parramattahistorical.org.au Parramatta & District Historical Society Inc website]

===Dictionary of Sydney entries===
* {{cite web | url = http://dictionaryofsydney.org/place/parramatta | title = Parramatta | access-date = 28 September 2015 | work=[[Dictionary of Sydney]]}} <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Creative Commons license|CC-By-SA]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* {{cite web | url = http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/parramatta_park | title = Parramatta Park | access-date = 28 September 2015 | author = Chris Levins – Parramatta Park Trust | date = 2010 |  work=[[Dictionary of Sydney]]}} <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Creative Commons license|CC-By-SA]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* {{cite web | url = http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/brislington | title = Brislington | access-date = 2 October 2015 | author =  Michaela Ann Cameron | date = 2015 | work=[[Dictionary of Sydney]]}} <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Creative Commons license|CC-By-SA]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* {{cite web | url = http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/the_crescent | title = The Crescent | access-date = 6 October 2015 | author =  Michaela Ann Cameron | date = 2015 | work=[[Dictionary of Sydney]]}} <nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Creative Commons license|CC-By-SA]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* {{cite web | url = http://dictionaryofsydney.org/building/travellers_rest_inn_parramatta | title = Travellers' Rest Inn Parramatta | access-date = 11 October 2015 | author = Michaela Ann Cameron | date = 2015 | work = [[Dictionary of Sydney]] | publisher = Dictionary of Sydney Trust}}<nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Creative Commons license|CC-By-SA]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>
* {{cite web | url = http://dictionaryofsydney.org/building/roseneath_cottage | title = Roseneath Cottage | access-date = 16 October 2015 | author = Michaela Ann Cameron | date = 2015 | work = [[Dictionary of Sydney]] | publisher = Dictionary of Sydney Trust}}<nowiki>[</nowiki>[[Creative Commons license|CC-By-SA]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>

{{Sydney Parramatta suburbs}}
{{Geography of Parramatta River}}
{{Convicts in Australia}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Parramatta| ]]
[[Category:Suburbs of Sydney]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1788]]
[[Category:Central business districts in Australia]]
[[Category:1788 establishments in Australia]]