View source for Pasargadae

{{short description|Archaeological site in Fars province, Iran}}
{{about||the administrative subdivision of Iran|Pasargad County|the tribe|Pasargad (tribe)}}

{{Infobox ancient site
| name           = Pasargad
| native_name    = پاسارگاد
| native_name_lang = fa
| alternate_name = 
| image          = File:Pasargad Tomb Cyrus3.jpg
| image_size     = 
| alt            = 
| caption        = [[Tomb of Cyrus the Great]] in Pasargad
| map            = 
| map_type       = Iran
| map_alt        = 
| map_caption    = 
| map_size       = 
| altitude_m     = <!-- Enter a number for altitude in meters (m) -->
| altitude_ref   = 
| relief         = 
| coordinates    = {{coord|30|12|00|N|53|10|46|E|display=inline,title}}
| location       = [[Fars province]], [[Iran]]
| region         = Iran
| type           = Settlement
| part_of        = 
| length         = 
| width          = 
| area           = 
| volume         = 
| diameter       = 
| circumference  = 
| height         = 
| builder        = [[Cyrus the Great]]
| material       = Stone, clay
| built          = 6th century BCE
| abandoned      = 
| epochs         = [[Achaemenid Empire]]
| cultures       = [[Persian people|Persian]]
| dependency_of  = 
| occupants      = 
| event          = 
| discovered     = 
| excavations    = 
| archaeologists = Ali Sami, [[David Stronach]], [[Ernst Herzfeld]]
| condition      = In ruins
| ownership      = 
| management     = 
| public_access  = 
| other_designation =
| website        = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| architectural_styles =
| architectural_details =
| notes          = {{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
| child         = yes
| criteria      = {{UNESCO WHS type|(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)}}(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
| ID            = 1106
| year          = 2004
| area          = {{convert|160|ha|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| buffer_zone   = {{convert|7127|ha|sqmi|abbr=on}} 
}}
}}
'''Pasargadae''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ə|ˈ|s|ɑːr|ɡ|ə|d|i}};{{efn|From {{transliteration|peo|Pāθra-gadā}}, {{literal|protective club|strong club}};<ref>Gershevitch, Ilya, "Iranian Nouns and Names in Elamite Garb", Transactions of the Philological Society 68 (1), pp. 167–200, 1969 (1970)</ref>}} {{langx|fa|پاسارگاد|translit=Pāsārgād}}) was the capital of the [[Achaemenid Empire]] under [[Cyrus the Great]] (559–530 BC), located just north of the town of [[Madar-e-Soleyman]] and about {{convert|90|km}} to the northeast of the city of [[Shiraz]]. It is one of Iran's [[World Heritage Site|UNESCO World Heritage Sites]].<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.mehrnews.com/en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=107603 | title = Ancient Pasargadae threatened by construction of dam | publisher = Mehr News Agency | date = 28 August 2004 |access-date = 15 September 2006| url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311201606/http://www.mehrnews.com/en/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=107603 |archive-date = 11 March 2007}}.</ref> It is considered to be the location of the [[Tomb of Cyrus]], a tomb previously attributed to ''Madar-e-Soleyman'', the "Mother of Solomon". It is a national tourist site administered by the Iranian culture of [[List of World Heritage Sites in Iran|world heritage]].

==History==
{{expand section|date=January 2019}}
[[File:Pasargadae CyrustheGreatTomb 22061.jpg|300px|thumb|left|View of [[Pasargad]] from Toll-e Takht hill. The closest building to the tomb attributed to [[Cambyses II]] and the farthest building that can be seen in the center of the upper part of the image is the [[Tomb of Cyrus]] the Great. Between these two buildings, the ruins of Achaemenid palaces can be seen.]]
Pasargadae was founded in the 6th century BCE as the first capital of the [[Achaemenid Empire]] by [[Cyrus the Great]], near the site of his victory over the [[Medes|Median]] king [[Astyages]] in 550 BCE. The city is named after his own royal clan.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Daryaee |first=Touraj |title=The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-0199390427 |pages=125}}</ref> It remained the [[Achaemenid]] capital until [[Darius the Great|Darius]] moved it to [[Persepolis]].<ref name=Britannica>{{cite web|title=Pasargadae|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Pasargadae-ancient-city-Iran|website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref>

The archaeological site covers {{convert|1.6|km2}} and includes a structure commonly believed to be the [[mausoleum]] of Cyrus, the fortress of Toll-e Takht sitting on top of a nearby hill, and the remains of two royal palaces and gardens. Pasargadae Persian Gardens provide the earliest known example of the Persian ''[[Charbagh|chahar bagh]]'', or fourfold garden design (see [[Persian Gardens]]).

The remains of the [[tomb of Cyrus]]' son and successor [[Cambyses II]] have been found in Pasargadae, near the fortress of Toll-e Takht, and identified in 2006.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=6865 | title = Discovered Stone Slab Proved to be Gate of Cambyses' Tomb | publisher = CHN | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091129074711/http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=6865 | archive-date = 2009-11-29 }}.</ref>

The Gate R, located at the eastern edge of the palace area, is the oldest known freestanding [[propylaeum]]. It may have been the architectural predecessor of the [[Gate of All Nations]] at [[Persepolis]].<ref name=Iranica>{{cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/pasargadae|title=PASARGADAE – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=iranicaonline.org|access-date=4 April 2018}}</ref>

==Tomb of Cyrus the Great==
{{main|Tomb of Cyrus}}
[[File:I am Cyrus, Achaemenid King - Pasargadae.JPG|thumb|"I am [[Cyrus the Great|Cyrus]] the king, an [[Achaemenid]]." in [[Old Persian]], [[Elamite language|Elamite]] and [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] languages. It is carved in a column in Pasargadae]]

The most important monument in Pasargadae is the tomb of Cyrus the Great. It has six broad steps leading to the sepulchre, the chamber of which measures {{convert|3.17|m}} long by {{convert|2.11|m}} wide by {{convert|2.11|m}} high and has a low and narrow entrance.  Though there is no firm evidence identifying the tomb as that of Cyrus, Greek historians say that [[Alexander the Great|Alexander]] believed it was.  When Alexander looted and destroyed Persepolis, he paid a visit to the tomb of Cyrus. [[Arrian]]  recorded in the second century CE that Alexander commanded Aristobulus, one of his warriors, to enter the monument.  Inside he found a golden bed, a table set with drinking vessels, a gold coffin, some ornaments studded with precious stones and an inscription on the tomb. No trace of any such inscription survives, and there is considerable disagreement about the exact wording of the text. According to [[Strabo]] and Arrian report it said:<ref>Arrian, ''Anabasis'' 6.29.8; {{cite web |last1=de Sélincourt |first1=Aubrey |title=Arrian on the tomb of Cyrus – Livius |url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/arrian/anabasis/alexander-and-the-tomb-of-cyrus/ |website=livius.org |access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref>

{{blockquote|<poem>
Passer-by, I am Cyrus, who gave the Persians an empire, and was king of Asia.
Grudge me not therefore this monument.</poem>}}

The design of Cyrus' tomb is credited to Mesopotamian or Elamite [[ziggurat]]s, but the [[cella]] is usually attributed to [[Urartu]] tombs of an earlier period.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18264 | first = C Michael | last = Hogan | title = Tomb of Cyrus | work = The Megalithic Portal | publisher = Andy Burnham |location = Surrey, UK| date = Jan 19, 2008}}.</ref> In particular, the tomb at Pasargadae has almost exactly the same dimensions as the tomb of [[Alyattes of Lydia|Alyattes]], father of the Lydian King [[Croesus]]; however, some have refused the claim (according to [[Herodotus]], Croesus was spared by Cyrus during the conquest of Lydia, and became a member of Cyrus' court).  The main decoration on the tomb is a [[Rosette (design)|rosette]] design over the door within the gable.<ref>{{Citation | first = Ronald W | last = Ferrier | title = The Arts of Persia | publisher = Yale University Press | year = 1989 | isbn = 978-0-300-03987-0}}.</ref> In general, the art and architecture found at Pasargadae exemplified the Persian synthesis of various traditions, drawing on precedents from [[Elam]], [[Babylon]], [[Assyria]], and [[ancient Egypt]], with the addition of some Anatolian influences.

==Archaeology==
[[Image:Pasargadae Swallow-Tail Staples.jpg|right|thumb|[[Dovetail]] [[Staple (fastener)|staple]]s from Pasargadae]]

The first capital of the [[Achaemenid Empire]], Pasargadae lies in ruins 40&nbsp;kilometers from [[Persepolis]], in present-day [[Fars province]] of [[Iran]].<ref>{{Citation | url = https://www.livius.org/pan-paz/pasargadae/pasargadae.html | first = Jona | last = Lendering | title = Pasargadae | publisher = Livius | access-date = 2020-03-26 | archive-date = 2016-03-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180708/http://www.livius.org/pan-paz/pasargadae/pasargadae.html | url-status = dead }}.</ref> Gardens were of great significance in Persian culture, and the palace complex was constituted by an extensive pattern of gardens stretching from the Tomb of Cyrus to a fortress known as the Tall-i Takht, about three kilometres away, and containing various palaces and other buildings.  The architecture showed elements of Elamite and Egyptian or Phoenician decoration as well as [[Ionia]]n Greek building techniques, suggesting a desire by Cyrus to reflect his imperial rather than simply national kingship.<ref>Lynette Mitchell, ''A Persian King and his Garden'', in ''Omnibus'' no 86 (2023), The Classical Association, Rickmansworth</ref>

Pasargadae was first archaeologically explored by the German archaeologist [[Ernst Herzfeld]] in 1905, and in one excavation season in 1928, together with his assistant {{Interlanguage link|Friedrich Krefter|de}}.<ref>{{Citation | first = E | last = Herzfeld | language = de | title = Bericht über die Ausgrabungen von Pasargadae 1928 | publisher = Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran | volume = 1 | pages = 4–16 | year = 1929}},</ref> Since 1946, the original documents, notebooks, photographs, fragments of wall paintings and pottery from the early excavations are preserved in the [[Freer Gallery of Art]], Smithsonian Institution, in Washington, DC.  After Herzfeld, [[Sir Aurel Stein]] completed a site plan for Pasargadae in 1934.<ref>{{Citation | first = A | last = Stein | title = An Archaeological Tour in Ancient Persis, Iraq | volume = 3 | pages = 217–20 | year = 1936}}.</ref> In 1935, Erich F. Schmidt produced a series of aerial photographs of the entire complex.<ref>{{Citation | url = https://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/flights_over_iran.pdf | first = Erich F | last = Schmidt | title = Flights Over Ancient Cities of Iran | publisher = [[University of Chicago Oriental Institute]], University of Chicago Press | year = 1940 | isbn = 978-0-918986-96-2 | access-date = 2011-06-22 | archive-date = 2012-10-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121009174451/https://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/flights_over_iran.pdf | url-status = dead }}.</ref>

From 1949 to 1955, an Iranian team led by Ali Sami worked there.<ref>{{Citation | last = Ali-Sami | title = Pasargadae. The Oldest Imperial. Capital of Iran | others = Rev. RN Sharp transl | volume = 4 | place = Shiraz | orig-year = March 1956 | publisher = Learned Society of Pars; Musavi Print. Office | edition = 2nd | year = 1971}}.</ref> A British Institute of Persian Studies team led by [[David Stronach]] resumed excavation from 1961 to 1963.<ref>{{Citation | first = David | last = Stronach | title = Excavations at Pasargadae, Iran | chapter = First Preliminary Report | volume = 1 | pages = 19–42 | year = 1963}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | first = David | last = Stronach | author-mask = 8 | title = Excavations at Pasargadae, Iran | chapter = Second Preliminary Report | volume = 2 | pages = 21–39 | year = 1964}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | first = David | last = Stronach | author-mask = 8 | title = Excavations at Pasargadae, Iran | chapter = Third Preliminary Report | volume = 3 | pages = 9–40 | year = 1965}}.</ref> It was during the 1960s that a pot-hoard known as the [[Pasargadae Treasure]] was excavated near the foundations of 'Pavilion B' at the site. Dating to the 5th-4th centuries BC, the treasure consists of ornate [[Achaemenid art|Achaemenid]] jewellery made from gold and precious gems and is now housed in the [[National Museum of Iran]] and the [[British Museum]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/x22914|title=Collection search: You searched for Pasargadae Pavilion B Hoard|website=British Museum|access-date=4 April 2018}}</ref> It has been suggested that the treasure was buried as a subsequent action once [[Alexander the Great]] approached with his army, then remained buried, hinting at violence.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livius.org/articles/place/pasargadae/pasargadae-photos/pasargadae-paradise|title=Pasargadae, Paradise|work=Livius}}</ref>

After a gap, work was resumed by the Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization and the [[Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée]] of the [[University of Lyon]] in 2000.<ref>{{Citation | first = Rémy | last = Boucharlat | title = Pasargadae, Iran | volume = 40 | pages = 279–82 | year = 2002}}.</ref><ref>[http://scj.sbu.ac.ir/index.php/IJIHS/article/download/24077/7306] Sébastien Gondet et al, Field Report on the 2015 Current Archaeological Works of the Joint Iran-French Project on Pasargadae and its Territory, International Journal of Iranian Heritage Studies, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 60-87, 2018</ref> The complex is one of the key cultural heritage sites for tourism in Iran.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Butler|first1=Richard|last2=O'Gorman|first2=Kevin D.|last3=Prentice|first3=Richard|date=2012-07-01|title=Destination Appraisal for European Cultural Tourism to Iran|journal=International Journal of Tourism Research|language=en|volume=14|issue=4|pages=323–338|doi=10.1002/jtr.862|issn=1522-1970}}</ref>

==Sivand Dam controversy==
There has been growing concern regarding the proposed [[Sivand Dam]], named after the nearby town of [[Sivand]].  Despite planning that has stretched over 10 years, Iran's own [[Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran|Iranian Cultural Heritage Organization]] was not aware of the broader areas of flooding during much of this time.

Its placement between both the ruins of Pasargadae and Persepolis has many archaeologists and Iranians worried that the dam will flood these UNESCO World Heritage sites, although scientists involved with the construction say this is not obvious because the sites sit above the planned waterline.  Of the two sites, Pasargadae is the one considered to be more threatened. Experts agree that the planning of future dam projects in Iran will merit an earlier examination of the risks to cultural resource properties.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.chnpress.com/news/?Section=2&id=6206 | title = Sivand Dam Waits for Excavations to be Finished | publisher = Cultural Heritage News Agency | date = 26 February 2006 | access-date = Sep 15, 2006 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311124253/http://www.chnpress.com/news/?Section=2&id=6206 | archive-date = 11 March 2007 }}.</ref>

Of broadly shared concern to archaeologists is the effect of the increase in humidity caused by the lake.<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=6409 | title = Date of Sivand Dam Inundation Not Yet Agreed Upon | publisher = [[Cultural Heritage News Agency]] | date = 29 May 2006 | access-date = Sep 15, 2006 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070312115535/http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=6409 | archive-date = 12 March 2007 }}.</ref> All agree that the humidity created by it will speed up the destruction of Pasargadae, yet experts from the Ministry of Energy believe it could be partially compensated for by controlling the water level of the reservoir.

Construction of the dam began on 19 April 2007, with the height of the waterline limited so as to mitigate damage to the ruins.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://worldculturalheritagevoices.org/lamentable-loss/ | title=Lamentable Loss| date=22 June 2015}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
[[File:Passargade by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|The tomb of Cyrus the Great in the [[Qajar dynasty|Qajar]] period]]
In 1930, the [[Brazil]]ian poet [[Manuel Bandeira]] published a poem called "Vou-me embora pra Pasárgada" ("I'm off to Pasargadae" in [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]), in a book entitled ''Libertinagem''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bandeira |first=Manuel|editor-first=André (organizer) |editor-last=Seffrin |title=Manuel Bandeira: poesia completa e prosa, volume único |language= pt|trans-title=Manuel Bandeira: complete poetry and prose, unique volume |publisher= Editora Nova Aguilar [New Aguilar Press]|location=Rio de Janeiro [(City) "River of January"], RJ [(State) "River of January"], Brasil [Brazil] |year=2009|chapter=Libertinagem|trans-chapter=Salacity | pages= XXIII, 118–119}}</ref> It tells the story of a man who wants to go to Pasargadae, described in the poem as a [[utopia]]n city, having the children learned in the school about this "utopic city created by Manuel Bandeira". Manuel Bandeira heard the name Pasargadae for the first time when he was 16 years old, reading a book by a Greek author. The name of the field of the Persians reminded him of good things, of a place of tranquillity and beauties. Years later, in his apartment, during a moment of sadness and anxiety, he had the idea of "vou-me embora pra Pasárgada" (I'm off to Pasargadae) and then created the poem, which surrounds the great part of the Brazilian population's imagination to this day.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mondayfeelings.com/we-came-back-from-pasargadae/|title=We came back from Pasargadae – Monday Feelings|date=2015-10-04|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-21}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Cyrus tomb.jpg|Tomb of [[Cyrus the Great]]
Image:Cambyses I - April 2013 - 2.jpg|Tomb of [[Cambyses I]]
Image:Pasargadae 3.jpg|The Private Palace
Image:Audience Palace, Pasargadae 03.jpg|The Audience Palace
Image:Gateway Palace, Pasargades 01.jpg|The Gateway Palace
Image:Pasargad citadel.jpg|The citadel of Pasargadae. At its top many column bases indicate the structure was not unlike the Athenian [[Acropolis]] in positioning and structure.
Image:Pasargad audience hall.jpg|Pasargad audience hall
Image:محوطه مقدس (1).jpg|Holy area (Pasargad)
Image:Pasargad - Toll-e Takht - panoramio.jpg |Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)
Image:Pasargad - Toll-e Takht - panoramio (1).jpg |Toll-e Takht hill (Pasargad)
Image:کاخ دروازه (2).jpg|The gate of the palace with the view of the [[Winged genius relief (Pasargadae)|winged man]]
Image:Banknote of shah - 50 rials (rear).jpg|The back of the 50 riyal banknote of the [[Pahlavi dynasty|Pahlavi era]]
Image:Harold f Weston - Iran32.jpg|Pasargadae in 1920s
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire]]
* [[Achaemenid architecture]]
* [[List of cities of the ancient Near East]]
* [[History of Iran]]
* [[Iranian architecture]]
* [[Tangeh Bolaghi]]
* [[Ka'ba-ye Zartosht]], modeled after the "Prison of Solomon"

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Citation | url = http://www.chnpress.com/news/?Section=2&id=5981 | title = Sivand Dam's Inundation Postponed for 6 Months | publisher = Cultural Heritage News Agency | date = 29 November 2005 | access-date = Sep 15, 2006 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070312035619/http://www.chnpress.com/news/?Section=2&id=5981 | archive-date = 12 March 2007 }}.
* {{Citation | first = Nazila | last = Fathi | url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60C1FFB3E550C748EDDA80994DD404482 | contribution = A Rush to Excavate Ancient Iranian Sites | title = The New York Times | date = November 27, 2005}}; fully accessible at {{Citation | url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/11/27/MNGEJFUORL1.DTL&feed=rss.news | title = SF Gate | work=San Francisco Chronicle| first=Nazila | last=Fathi | date=27 November 2005}}.
* {{Citation | author = Ali Mousavi | url = http://www.iranian.com/History/2005/September/Heritage6/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100523103803/http://www.iranian.com/History/2005/September/Heritage6/ | url-status = dead | archive-date = May 23, 2010 | title = History | contribution = Cyrus can rest in peace: Pasargadae and rumors about the dangers of Sivand Dam | publisher = Iranian | date = September 16, 2005 }}.
* {{Citation | url = http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=5615 | title = Pasargadae Will Never Drown | publisher = Cultural Heritage News Agency | date = 12 September 2005 | access-date = Sep 15, 2006 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070312115633/http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&id=5615 | archive-date = 12 March 2007 }}.
* {{Citation | title = Persia: An Archaeological Guide | first = Sylvia A | last = Matheson}}.
* {{Citation | first = André | last= Seffrin | title = Manuel Bandeira: poesia completa e prosa, volume único |trans-title=Manuel Bandeira: complete poetry and prose, unique volume | publisher = Editora Nova Aguilar | location=Rio de Janeiro | year = 2009 | isbn = 978-85-210-0108-9}}. 
* {{Citation | first = David | last = Stronach | title = Pasargadae: A Report on the Excavations Conducted by the British Institute of Persian Studies from 1961–63 | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1978 | isbn = 978-0-19-813190-8}}.
* Ali Mozaffari, World Heritage in Iran: Perspectives on Pasargadae, Routledge, 2016, {{ISBN|978-1409448440}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Pasargadae}}
{{EB1911 poster|Pasargadae}}
*[http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?view=grid&dsort=&date.slider=&fq=online_media_type%3A%22Images%22&q=Ernst+Herzfeld+Pasargadae Excavation Documentation and Fragments of Wall Paintings from Pasargadae]
* {{Citation | url = https://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=1106 | publisher = Unesco | title = World Heritage Center}}.
* {{Citation | url = http://www.iranchamber.com/history/pasargadae/pasargadae.php | contribution = Pasargadae | publisher = Iran Chamber Society | title = History}}.
* {{Citation | url = http://landofaryan.atspace.com/passargad.htm | title = Land of Aryan | contribution = Pasargad | publisher = ATSpace}}.
* {{Citation | format = virtual reconstruction of Pasargadae | url=http://www.persepolis3d.com/control_structures/pasargad.htm | title = Pasargad | publisher = Persepolis3D}}.
* {{Citation | url = http://www.m-hesse.com/iran/Seiten/persepolis_%26_pasargad.html | title = Persepolis & Pasargad | format = photo gallery | year = 2009 | language = de | publisher = M Heße | access-date = 2009-04-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160420070650/http://www.m-hesse.com/iran/Seiten/persepolis_%26_pasargad.html | archive-date = 2016-04-20 | url-status = dead }}.
*[https://www.livius.org/articles/place/pasargadae/ Pasargadae – Livius]
* {{Citation | url = http://www.ichto.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=1222 | title = Pasargadae | publisher = [[Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran]] | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111020045226/http://www.ichto.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=1222 | archive-date = 2011-10-20 }}
{{Achaemenid Empire}}
{{World Heritage Sites in Iran}}
{{Iranian Architecture}}

[[Category:Populated places established in the 6th century BC]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 6th century BC]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites in Iran]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in Iran]]
[[Category:Architecture in Iran]]
[[Category:Persian gardens in Iran]]
[[Category:Achaemenid cities]]
[[Category:Archaeology of the Achaemenid Empire]]
[[Category:Former populated places in Iran]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Fars province]]
[[Category:Collection of the Smithsonian Institution]]
[[Category:Cyrus the Great]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Fars province]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures on the Iran National Heritage List]]