View source for Pat Garrett

{{Short description|American lawman (1850–1908)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2017}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2017}}

{{Infobox person
| name = Pat Garrett
| image = Pat Garrett2.jpg
| alt =
| caption= Garrett ''circa'' 1903
| birth_name = Patrick Floyd Jarvis Garrett
| birth_date = {{birth date|1850|6|5}}
| birth_place = [[Chambers County, Alabama]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1908|2|29|1850|6|5}}
| death_place = [[Las Cruces, New Mexico|Las Cruces]], [[New Mexico Territory|New Mexico]]
| death_cause = [[Gunshot wound]]
| resting_place = {{ubl|Masonic Cemetery|Las Cruces, New Mexico}}
| resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|32|18|4.118|N|106|47|7.908|W|region:US-NM_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Gravesite of Pat Garrett}}
| known_for = Killing [[William H. Bonney]] (Billy the Kid)
| spouse = {{ubl|{{marriage|Juanita Martinez|1879|1879|end=her death}}|{{marriage|Apolinaria Gutierrez|January 14, 1880}}}}
| children = 8
| parents =
| signature = Pat Garrett Signature.svg
}}
'''Patrick Floyd Jarvis Garrett''' (June 5, 1850{{snd}}February 29, 1908) was an [[American Old West]] lawman, [[bartender]], and [[U.S. Customs|customs agent]] known for killing [[Billy the Kid]]. He was the [[Sheriffs in the United States|sheriff]] of [[Lincoln County, New Mexico]], as well as [[Doña Ana County, New Mexico]]. Stories about him, especially his involvement with Billy the Kid, are part of the legends of the [[American Old West]].

==Early years==
Patrick Floyd Jarvis Garrett was born on June 5, 1850, in [[Chambers County, Alabama]]. He was the second of five children born to John Lumpkin Garrett and his wife Elizabeth Ann Jarvis. Garrett's four siblings were Margaret, Elizabeth, John, and Alfred.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=301}} Garrett was of [[English-American|English ancestry]], and his ancestors migrated to America from the English counties of [[Hertfordshire]], [[Northamptonshire]], [[Bedfordshire]], [[Lincolnshire]], and [[Buckinghamshire]].<ref>Violence in Lincoln County, 1869–1881 A New Mexico Item by William Aloysius Keleher · 1982, p. 3</ref>  When Pat was three years old, his father purchased the John Greer plantation in [[Claiborne Parish, Louisiana]]. The Civil War, however, destroyed the Garrett family's finances. Their mother died at the age of 37 on March 25, 1867, when Garrett was 16. The following year, on February 5, 1868, his father died at age 45. The children were left with a plantation that was more than $30,000 in debt. The children were taken in by relatives. The 18-year-old Garrett headed west from Louisiana on January 25, 1869.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=9}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=28}}

=== Buffalo hunter ===
Garrett's whereabouts over the next seven years are obscure. By 1876, he was in [[Texas]] hunting buffalo. During this period, Garrett killed his first man, another buffalo hunter named Joe Briscoe. Garrett surrendered to the authorities at [[Fort Griffin, Texas]], but they declined to prosecute.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=29-31}} When buffalo hunting declined, Garrett left Texas and rode to [[New Mexico Territory]].{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=267}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=293}}  When Garrett arrived at [[Fort Sumner, New Mexico]], he found work as a bartender, then as a cowboy for Pedro Menard "Pete" Maxwell.

=== Family life ===
Garrett's first wife was Juanita Martinez, who was born in May 1860 in [[Taos, New Mexico]], to Antonio Domingo Martínez and María Manuela Trujillo, and they moved to [[Cimarron, New Mexico|Cimarron]]. Her mother died while giving birth to a daughter who also died, and then they moved to Fort Sumner with her uncle Celedon Trujillo and his employer [[Lucien Maxwell]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.easternnewmexiconews.com/story/2021/10/24/voices/more-than-pat-garretts-wife/170155.html |title=More than Pat Garrett's wife |first=David |last=Stevens |date=23 October 2021 |access-date=17 April 2024 |newspaper=[[Eastern New Mexico News]]}}</ref> Garrett and Juanita got married in the fall of 1879, and [[Tom O'Folliard]], [[Charlie Bowdre]], and [[Billy the Kid]], among others, attended the wedding. She took ill in the ceremony or soon after, and died 15 days after from stress or [[medical complication]], at the age of 19,<ref>1879–1979 High Plains History East Century New Mexico Book page 41</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://eu.lcsun-news.com/story/news/2021/08/20/pat-garrett-juanita-martinez-garrett-first-wife-finally-gets-grave-marker/8169908002/ |title=Juanita Martinez Garrett, first wife of Pat Garrett, gets grave marker after 142 years |date=20 August 2021 |access-date=17 April 2024 |newspaper=[[Las Cruces Sun News]] |publisher=[[Gannett]]}}</ref> because she collapsed.{{sfn|Gardner|2009}} She was interred in Fort Sumner Cemetery.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://truewestmagazine.com/article/remembering-juanita-garrett/ |title=Remembering Juanita Garrett |first=Mark |last=Boardman |date=23 September 2021 |access-date=17 April 2024 |journal=[[True West Magazine]]}}</ref>

The reference [[Leon C. Metz]] made about Juanita being the older sister of Pat's second wife Apolinaria (or Aplonia) is unfounded.  Apolinaria had only one sister by the name of Celsa Gutierrez.{{sfn|Metz|1974}} On January 14, 1880, Garrett married Apolinaria Gutierrez.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=40-41}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=94-96}} Between 1881 and 1905, Apolinaria Garrett gave birth to eight children: Ida, Dudley, Elizabeth, Annie, Patrick, Pauline, Oscar, and Jarvis. Apolinaria's sister, Celsa, resident of Fort Sumner, was reputed to be romantically involved with Billy the Kid at the time of the Kid's death.<ref name="Stahl">{{cite journal |last1=Stahl |first1=Robert J. |title=Billy's Bastard Child? |journal=True West |date=March 2017 |volume=64 |issue=3 |page=43}}</ref>

=== Pursuit of Billy the Kid ===
[[File:The Authentic Life of Billy, the Kid Title Page.jpg|left|thumb|alt=book cover, with illustration showing two men with donkeys riding away from a group of dead bodies on the ground|Cover of Garrett's book]]
Billy the Kid, William Henry  Bonney Jr, born [[Henry McCarty]], was wanted for murder in the aftermath of the [[Lincoln County War]].  On November 2, 1880, Garrett was elected sheriff of Lincoln County, having defeated the incumbent, Sheriff George Kimball, by a vote of 320 to 179.{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=101-102}} Although Garrett's term would not begin until January 1, 1881, Sheriff Kimball appointed him a deputy sheriff for the remainder of Kimball's term. Garrett also obtained a deputy U.S. marshal's commission, which allowed him to pursue the Kid across state lines.  Garrett and his posse stormed the Dedrick ranch at Bosque Grande on November 30, 1880. They expected to find the Kid there, but only succeeded in capturing John Joshua Webb, who had been charged with murder, along with an accused horse thief named George Davis.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=62–64}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=111}} Garrett turned Webb and Davis over to the sheriff of [[San Miguel County, New Mexico|San Miguel County]] a few days later, and moved on to the settlement of [[Puerto de Luna, New Mexico|Puerto de Luna]]. There, a local tough named Mariano Leiva picked a fight with Garrett and was shot in the shoulder.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=64-65}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=115–116}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=279}}

On December 19, 1880, Billy the Kid, Charlie Bowdre, Tom Pickett, Billy Wilson, Dave Rudabaugh, and Tom O'Folliard rode into Fort Sumner. Lying in wait were Deputy Garrett and his posse. Mistaking O'Folliard for the Kid, Garrett's men opened fire and killed O'Folliard.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=72-75}} Billy and the others escaped unharmed. Three days later, Garrett's posse cornered Billy and his companions at a spot called [[Stinking Springs]]. They killed Bowdre and captured the others.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=76-81}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=128–133}} On April 15, 1881, Billy the Kid was sentenced to hang by Judge Warren Bristol, but escaped 13 days later, killing two deputies.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=93-95}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=139–148}}

On July 14, 1881, Garrett visited Fort Sumner to question a friend of the Kid's about his whereabouts, and learned he was staying with a common friend, Pedro Menard "Pete" Maxwell. Around midnight, Garrett went to Maxwell's house. The Kid was asleep in another part of the house, but woke up in the middle of the night and entered Maxwell's bedroom, where Garrett was standing in the shadows. The Kid did not recognize the man standing in the dark. He asked him, repeatedly, "''¿Quién es?''" ("Who is it?"), and Garrett replied by shooting at him twice.<ref name="uxKdN" /> The first shot hit the Kid in the chest just above the heart, while the second missed. Garrett's account leaves unclear whether Billy was killed instantly or took some time to die.<ref>{{cite web|title= The Death Of Billy The Kid, 1881 |url= http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/billythekid.htm|publisher=Eyewitness to History/Ibis Communications|access-date=February 18, 2020}}</ref>

=== Account of Billy the Kid ===
He coauthored ''[[The Authentic Life of Billy, the Kid]]'' with [[Marshall Ashmun Upson|Ash Upson]],<ref>{{cite book |last = LeMay |first = John and Stahl, Robert J. |date = 2020 |title = The Man Who Invented Billy the Kid: The Authentic Life of Ash Upson |location =  Roswell, NM |publisher = Bicep Books |pages = 127–133 |isbn = 978-1-953221-91-9}}</ref> and for decades his book was deemed authoritative.<ref>{{cite book | author=Jon Tuska| title=Billy the Kid, his life and legend| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ijLXAAAAMAAJ| year= 1994| publisher=Greenwood Press| page=119| isbn=9780313285899}}</ref>

Following Billy the Kid's death, writers quickly went to work producing books and articles that made a folk hero out of him, while making Garrett seem like an assassin. Although filled with many errors of fact, ''The Authentic Life'' served afterward as the main source for most books written about the Kid until the 1960s.<ref name="Nolan2014358" /><ref name="Tatum1982123" /><ref>Tuska 1994, p. 237</ref> A failure when originally released, an original copy of the Pat Garrett–Ash Upson book became a rare commodity; in 1969, the original 1882 edition of the Garrett–Upson book was described by Ramon F. Adams as being "exceedingly rare".<ref>Adams, Ramon F. ''Six-Guns and Saddle Leather: A Bibliography of Books and Pamphlets on Western Outlaws and Gunman''. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1969 p. 244.</ref> Twentieth-century editions of Garrett's ''Authentic Life of Billy, the Kid'' (with alterations to the original title) appeared in 1927,<ref>''Pat F. Garrett's Authentic Life'' of Billy the Kid, edited by Maurice Garland Fulton. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1927.</ref> 1946<ref name="Garrett1" /> and 1964.<ref name="Garrett2" />

[[File:PatFGarrett.JPG|thumb|Portrait of Pat Garrett ({{Circa |1907}}) from ''The Story of the Outlaws''<ref>{{cite book |last = Hough |first = Emerson |title = The Story of the Outlaw-A Study of the Western Desperado |url = https://archive.org/details/storyofoutlawstu00houg |publisher = The Outing Publication Company |location = New York |page = [https://archive.org/details/storyofoutlawstu00houg/page/198 198] |year = 1907}}</ref>]]

=== Texas Ranger ===
Garrett did not seek re-election as sheriff of Lincoln County in 1882. He moved to Texas, where he ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the [[Texas Senate|state senate]]. Garrett became a captain with the [[Texas Ranger Division|Texas Rangers]] for less than a month, then returned to [[Roswell, New Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fga30#:~:text=In%201884%2C%20after%20failing%20to,where%20he%20devised%20irrigation%20plans. |last=Metz |first=Leon C |date=November 12, 2019 |title=Garrett, Patrick Floyd Jarvis |work=[[Texas State Historical Association]] |access-date=June 27, 2020}}</ref>

== Middle years ==

=== Irrigation investments and move to Texas ===
Garrett discovered a large reservoir of artesian water in the Roswell region, and went into partnership with two men to organize the Pecos Valley Irrigation and Investment Company on July 18, 1885.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=152-154}} Garrett kept his irrigation schemes alive for several years, and on January 15, 1887, he purchased a one-third interest in the Texas Irrigation Ditch Company, but the partners got rid of him. On August 15, 1887, he formed a partnership with William L. Holloman in the Holloman and Garrett Ditch Company.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=151}} All of Garrett's forays into the irrigation field, however, resulted in failure.{{citation needed|date=April 2020}}  By 1892, Garrett had moved his large family to [[Uvalde, Texas]], where he became a close friend of [[John Nance Garner]], a future vice president of the United States.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=160}} Garrett might have lived out the remainder of his life in [[Uvalde, Texas|Uvalde]], had it not been for a headline-making event back in New Mexico.

=== Disappearance of Albert Jennings Fountain ===
On January 31, 1896, Colonel [[Albert Jennings Fountain]] and his eight-year-old son Henry disappeared at the edge of the White Sands area of southern New Mexico.  Neither of the Fountains was<!-- neither is singular --> ever seen again. The mystery was never officially solved, even with the efforts of Apache scouts, the Pinkertons, and an all-out push by the Republican Party.<ref>Recko, Corey, ''Murder on the White Sands: The Disappearance of Albert and Henry Fountain'' University of North Texas Press, 2007{{ISBN?}}</ref>  In April 1896, Garrett was appointed sheriff of Doña Ana County, and two years later had gathered sufficient evidence to make arrests, asking a judge in Las Cruces for [[Arrest warrant|warrants]] to arrest Oliver M. Lee, William McNew, Bill Carr, and James Gililland. Within hours, he had arrested McNew and Carr.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=203-204}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=202}}

During the early-morning hours of July 12, 1898, Garrett and his posse confronted Oliver M. Lee and James Gililland at a spot called "Wildy Well" near Orogrande, New Mexico. Garrett had hoped to capture the fugitives while they were sleeping, but Lee and Gililland expected trouble and took their bedrolls up to the roof of the bunkhouse to avoid being taken by surprise. One of Garrett's deputies named Kearney heard footsteps on the roof, scaled a ladder, and was mortally wounded by the fugitives. A stray shot nicked Garrett.  Due to his concern for his dying deputy, Garrett arranged a truce with the fugitives and withdrew while Kearney was lifted into a wagon. Kearney, however, died on the road to Las Cruces, and Lee and Gililland remained at large for another eight months, before they finally surrendered to Sheriff George Curry.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=216-218}} They were found not guilty in the Fountain killings, and the indictments for killing the deputy were also dismissed.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=227-232}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=212}}

=== Final kill ===
Garrett killed his last offender in 1899, a fugitive named Norman Newman, who was wanted for murder in [[Greer County, Oklahoma]].  Newman was hiding out at the San Augustin Ranch in New Mexico. Sheriff George Blalock of Greer County went to New Mexico and asked Garrett for his assistance. The lawmen and Jose Espalin, one of Garrett's deputies, rode to the ranch, and on October 7, 1899, Newman was killed in a gunfight.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=236–37, 298, 301}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=213–215}}

=== Presidential appointment in El Paso ===
On December 16, 1901, President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] nominated Garrett to the post of collector of customs in El Paso.<ref>''El Paso Herald'', December 16, 1901</ref> He also became one of President Roosevelt's three "White House Gunfighters" ([[Bat Masterson]] and [[Ben Daniels (pioneer)|Ben Daniels]] being the others).{{sfn|DeMattos|1988}} Despite public outcry over his appointment, Garrett was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on January 2, 1902.<ref>''El Paso Herald'', January 2, 1902</ref> Garrett's tenure as El Paso's collector of customs was stormy from the start. On May 8, 1903, he got into a public fistfight with an employee named George Gaither. The following morning, both Garrett and Gaither paid five-dollar fines for disturbing the peace.<ref>''El Paso Evening News'', May 8, 1903</ref>  Continued complaints about Garrett's alleged incompetence were sent to Washington.{{sfn|DeMattos|1988|p=79-88}} Through it all, President Roosevelt stood by Garrett. As a show of his support, Roosevelt invited Garrett to attend a [[Rough Riders]] reunion being held in San Antonio during April 1905. Since Garrett had not been a member of that regiment, Roosevelt's invitation was taken as a snub at those critics who wanted Garrett replaced from his post.  Garrett brought a guest of his own to the event named Tom Powers. Garrett introduced Powers to the president as "a prominent Texas cattleman." Garrett and Powers posed for two photographs with Roosevelt, first standing with him in a group and later seated with Roosevelt at dinner.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=196}}{{sfn|DeMattos|1988|p=72-73}} Garrett's enemies obtained copies of the photos and sent them to Roosevelt, informing the president that instead of being the "cattleman" that Garrett claimed, Powers was, in fact, the owner of a "notorious dive" in El Paso called the Coney Island Saloon. That was the final straw for Roosevelt, who replaced Garrett with a new collector of customs on January 2, 1906.{{sfn|DeMattos|1988|p=109-120}}

== Late years ==

=== Financial problems ===
Following his dismissal, Garrett returned with his family to New Mexico. Garrett was in deep financial difficulty. His ranch had been heavily mortgaged, and when he was unable to make payments, the county auctioned off all of Garrett's personal possessions to satisfy judgments against him. The total from the auction came to $650.{{sfn|DeMattos|1988|p=137}} President Roosevelt had appointed Pat's friend [[George Curry (politician)|George Curry]] as the territorial governor of New Mexico. Garrett met with Curry, who promised him the position of superintendent of the territorial prison at Santa Fe, once he was inaugurated. Since Curry's inauguration was still months away, the destitute Garrett left his family in New Mexico and returned to El Paso, where he found employment with the real estate firm of H.M. Maple and Company. During this period, Garrett moved in with a woman known as "Mrs. Brown", who was described as an El Paso prostitute.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=284}} When Governor-elect Curry learned of his involvement with Brown, the promised appointment of prison superintendent was withdrawn.{{sfn|DeMattos|1988|p=141}}

=== Last conflict and death ===
[[File:Garrett Memorial.jpg|thumb|left|upright=.8|Memorial marking spot where Garrett was killed]]

Dudley Poe Garrett, Pat's son, had signed a five-year lease for his Bear Canyon Ranch with [[Jesse Wayne Brazel]].{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=285-286}}{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=229}} Garrett and his son objected when Brazel began bringing in large herds of goats, which were anathema to cattlemen like Garrett. Garrett tried to break the lease when he learned that the money for Brazel's operation had been put up by his neighbor, W. W. "Bill" Cox. He was further angered when he learned that Archie Prentice "Print" Rhode was Brazel's partner in the huge goat herd.{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=229}} When Brazel refused, the matter went to court. At this point [[Jim Miller (outlaw)|James B. Miller]] met with Garrett to try to solve the problem. Miller met with Brazel, who agreed to cancel his lease with Garrett – provided a buyer could be found for his herd of 1,200 goats. Carl Adamson, who was related to Miller by marriage, agreed to buy the 1,200 goats. Just when the matter seemed resolved, Brazel claimed that he had "miscounted" his goat herd, claiming there were actually 1,800 – rather than his previous estimate of 1,200. Adamson refused to buy that many goats, but agreed to meet with Garrett and Brazel to see if they could reach some sort of agreement.

Garrett and Carl Adamson rode together, heading from [[Las Cruces, New Mexico]], in Adamson's wagon. Brazel appeared on horseback along the way. Garrett was shot and killed, but exactly by whom remains the subject of controversy. Brazel and Adamson left the body by the side of the road and returned to Las Cruces, where Brazel surrendered to Deputy Sheriff Felipe Lucero.  More than 30 years later, Lucero claimed that Brazel exclaimed, "Lock me up. I've just killed Pat Garrett!" Brazel then pointed to Adamson and said, "He saw the whole thing and knows that I shot in self-defense."<ref>The Brazel quote as related by Lucero is from ''The New Mexico Sentinel'', Santa Fe, April 23, 1939</ref>  Lucero incarcerated Brazel, summoned a coroner's jury, and rode to Garrett's death site.  Brazel's trial for Garrett's murder concluded on May 4, 1909.<ref>''El Paso Times'', May 5, 1909.</ref>  Brazel was represented at his trial by attorney and future [[United States Secretary of the Interior|Secretary of the Interior]] [[Albert B. Fall|Albert Bacon Fall]]. The only eyewitness to Garrett's murder, Adamson, never appeared at the trial, which lasted only one day and ended with an acquittal.{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=295}}<ref name="ElPasoTim" /><ref name="True" />

=== Identity of the murderer ===
The coroner's report on Garrett's death states that Brazel shot Garrett.<ref name="Foxx" />  Brazel reportedly confessed, but was acquitted at trial. Four other suspects have been proposed: Adamson, Cox, Rhode, and Miller. In a book published in 1970, Glenn Shirley gave his reasons for naming Miller as the killer of Pat Garrett.<ref>Shirley, Glenn. ''Shotgun For Hire: The Story of "Deacon" Jim Miller, Killer of Pat Garrett'', pp. 74–89</ref> [[Leon C. Metz]] in his 1974 biography of Garrett related the claim of W. T. Moyers that "his investigations led him to believe that [W. W.] Cox himself ambushed and killed Garrett,"{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=301}} but also wrote that "[t]he Garrett family believes that Carl Adamson pulled the trigger."{{sfn|Metz|1974|p=292}} In his 2010 book on Billy the Kid and Pat Garrett, Mark Lee Gardner suggests that Archie Prentice "Print" Rhode killed Garrett.{{sfn|Gardner|2009|p=241-244}}

===Death site===
[[File:Garrett grave2.JPG|thumb|right|upright=1|Garrett family burial site]]
The site of Garrett's death is now commemorated by a [[historical marker]] south of [[U.S. Route 70 in New Mexico|U.S. Route 70]], between Las Cruces and the [[San Augustin Mountains|San Augustin Pass]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.stoppingpoints.com/nm/Do%C3%B1a-Ana/Pat+Garrett+Murder+Site.html |title = Pat Garrett Murder Site Historical Marker |author = New Mexico Historic Preservation Division, Dept. of Cultural Affairs}}</ref><ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=149330/ The Historical Marker Database – Pat Garrett Murder Site]</ref>  The historical marker is located about 1.2 miles from where Garrett was murdered.  In 1940, his son, Jarvis Garrett, marked the spot with a monument consisting of concrete laid around a stone with a cross carved in it. The cross is believed to be the work of Garrett's mother. Scratched in the concrete is "P. Garrett" and the date of his killing.  The marker is located in the desert.<ref>Note: Death marker coordinates: [32.366203, -106.717152]</ref> In 2020, the city of Las Cruces revealed plans for a development that would destroy the site. An organization called Friends of Pat Garrett has been formed to ensure that the city preserves the site and marker.<ref>Schurtz, Christopher, [http://www.friendsofpatgarrett.com/ Friends of Pat Garrett]</ref><ref name="SunNews" />

=== Funeral and burial site ===
At six feet, five inches,<ref>{{cite book |last=Jameson |first=W. C. |date=2016 |title=Pat Garrett: The Man Behind the Badge |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mMm3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA12 |location=Lanham, MD |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |page=12 |isbn=978-1-67036-104-2 |via=[[Google Books]] |ref={{sfnRef|Jameson}}}}</ref>{{efn|Because of his height, during his early days in New Mexico, local Spanish speakers nicknamed Garrett "Juan Largo" (Long John.){{sfn|Jameson|page=16}}}} Garrett's body was too tall for any finished coffins available, so a special one had to be shipped in from El Paso. His funeral service was held March 5, 1908, and he was laid to rest next to his daughter, Ida, who had died in 1896 at the age of 15.  Garrett's grave and the graves of his descendants are in the Masonic Cemetery, Las Cruces.<ref name="SunNews" />

== Portrayals ==
Garrett has been a character in many films and television shows, and has been portrayed by:
{{cols|rules=yes}}
* [[Wallace Beery]] in ''[[Billy the Kid (1930 film)|Billy the Kid]]'' (1930)
* [[Wade Boteler]] in ''[[Billy the Kid Returns]]'' (1938)
* [[Brian Donlevy]] in ''[[Billy the Kid (1941 film)|Billy the Kid]]'' (1941)
* [[Thomas Mitchell (actor)|Thomas Mitchell]] in ''[[The Outlaw]]'' (1943)
* [[Charles Bickford]] in ''[[Four Faces West]]'' (1948)
* [[Monte Hale]] in ''[[Outcasts of the Trail]]'' (1949)
* [[Robert Lowery (actor)|Robert Lowery]] in ''[[I Shot Billy the Kid]]'' (1950)
* Frank Wilcox in ''[[The Kid from Texas]]'' (1950)
* Scott Douglas in the NBC-TV series, ''[[Omnibus (U.S. TV series)|Omnibus]]'' (1952, 1 episode)
* [[James Griffith]] in ''[[The Law vs. Billy the Kid]]'' (1954)
* [[Richard Travis]] in the syndicated half-hour TV series, ''Stories of the Century'' (1954)
* Keith Richards in the syndicated half-hour TV series, ''[[Buffalo Bill, Jr.]]'' (1955, 1 episode)
* Bob Duncan in ''[[The Parson and the Outlaw]]'' (1957)
* [[John Dehner]] in ''[[The Left Handed Gun]]'' (1958)
* [[George Montgomery (actor)|George Montgomery]] in ''[[Badman's Country]]'' (1958)
* [[Rhodes Reason]] in the ABC-TV series, ''[[Bronco (TV series)|Bronco]]'' (1958, 1 episode)
* [[Walter Sande]] in the half-hour CBS series, ''[[Wanted: Dead or Alive (TV series)|Wanted: Dead or Alive]]'' (1958, episode 26, "The Eager Man")
* Wayne Heffley in the half-hour ABC-TV series, ''[[Colt .45 (TV series)|Colt .45]]'' (1959 episode entitled "Amnesty")
* [[Barry Sullivan (actor)|Barry Sullivan]] (1960) in the half-hour NBC-TV series ''[[The Tall Man (TV series)|The Tall Man]]'', co-starring [[Clu Gulager]] as Billy the Kid
* [[Rod Cameron (actor)|Rod Cameron]] in ''{{Interlanguage link|Le pistole non discutono|it}}'' (1964)
* [[Allen Case]] in the ABC series, ''[[The Time Tunnel]]'' (1966, 1 episode)
* [[Fausto Tozzi]] in ''[[El hombre que mató a Billy el Niño]]'' (1967)
* [[Glenn Corbett]] in ''[[Chisum]]'' (1970)
* [[Rod Cameron (actor)|Rod Cameron]] in ''[[The Last Movie]]'' (1971)
* [[James Coburn]] in ''[[Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid]]'' (1973)
* [[Patrick Wayne]] in ''[[Young Guns (film)|Young Guns]]'' (1988)
* [[Duncan Regehr]] in ''[[Billy the Kid (1989 film)|Gore Vidal's Billy the Kid]]'' (1989)
* [[William Petersen]] in ''[[Young Guns II]]'' (1990)
* Joe Zimmerman in the TV documentary series, ''[[Unsolved History]]'' (2002, 1 episode) and in the Discovery Channel's cable documentary ''Discovery Quest: Billy the Kid Unmasked'' (2004)
* [[Michael Paré]] in ''[[Bloodrayne 2: Deliverance]]'' (2007)
* [[Bruce Greenwood]] in ''[[I'm Not There]]'' (2007)
* Michael A. Martinez in ''[[The Scarlet Worm]]'' (2011)
* Christopher Marrone in ''[[Abraham Lincoln vs. Zombies]]'' (2012)
* Ric Maddox in AMC's ''[[The American West]]'' (2016)
* [[Ethan Hawke]] in ''[[The Kid (2019 film)|The Kid]]'' (2019)<ref name="Deadln" />
* [[Alex Roe]] in MGM's ''[[Billy the Kid (TV series)]]'' (2022)
{{colend}}

== See also ==
* [[List of unsolved murders (1900–1979)]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
<references>

<ref name="Nolan2014358">{{cite book|author=Frederick Nolan|title=The Billy the Kid Reader|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MwjjBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA358|date=20 October 2014|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|isbn=978-0-8061-8254-4|page=358}}</ref>
<ref name="Tatum1982123">{{cite book|author=Stephen Tatum|title=Inventing Billy the Kid: Visions of the Outlaw in America, 1881-1981|url=https://archive.org/details/inventingbillyki00tatu|url-access=registration|date=1 January 1982|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|isbn=978-0-8263-0610-4|pages=[https://archive.org/details/inventingbillyki00tatu/page/123 123]–124}}</ref>
<ref name="SunNews">{{cite news |url = http://archive.lcsun-news.com/las_cruces-news/ci_16838114 |title = Historians hope to preserve Pat Garrett murder site |newspaper = [[Las Cruces Sun-News]] |date = December 11, 2010}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
<ref name="ElPasoTim">{{Cite web|url=https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/life/2017/06/10/1908-pat-garrett-killed-dies-boots/382406001/|title=1908: Pat Garrett killed; Dies with boots on|last=Long|first=Trish|website=El Paso Times|language=en|access-date=2020-02-28}}</ref>
<ref name="True">{{Cite web|url=https://truewestmagazine.com/article/the-assassination-of-pat-garrett/|title=The Assassination of Pat Garrett|last=Boardman|first=Mark|date=2014-01-06|website=True West Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2023-01-02}}</ref>
<ref name="uxKdN">{{Cite web | title=The Death Of Billy The Kid, 1881 |url=http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/billythekid.htm |date=2001 |publisher=EyeWitness to History}}</ref>
<ref name="Garrett1">''Authentic Life of Billy the Kid, by Pat F. Garrett, Greatest Sheriff of the Old Southwest. Foreword by John M. Scanland, and Eye Witness Reports.'' Edited by J. Brussel. New York: Atomic Books, Inc. 1946.</ref>
<ref name="Garrett2">''Pat F. Garrett, The Authentic Life of Billy the Kid, With a Biographical Foreword by Jarvis P. Garrett.'' Albuquerque, NM; horn and Wallace Publishers, Inc., 1964.</ref>
<ref name="Foxx">{{cite web |title = How did Billy the Kid's killer die? New doc may put to rest one of Wild West's biggest mysteries |url = https://www.foxnews.com/us/how-did-billy-the-kids-killer-die-new-doc-may-put-to-rest-one-of-wild-wests-biggest-mysteries/ |last = Kolb |first = Joseph J. |work = Foxnews |date = May 23, 2017 |access-date = May 23, 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Deadln">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2017/07/dane-dehaan-billy-the-kid-vincent-donofrio-valerian-the-kid-suretone-pictures-1202131369/|title=Vincent D'Onofrio Taps 'Valarian's Dane DeHaan to Play Billy the Kid in Suretone Western|date=2017-07-19|work=Deadline|access-date=2018-06-24}}</ref>

</references>

== Further reading ==
* DeMattos, Jack. "Gunfighters of the Real West: Pat Garrett." ''Real West'', August 1982.
* {{cite book |last=DeMattos |first=Jack |title=Garrett and Roosevelt |location=College Station, TX |publisher=Creative Publishing Company |year=1988 |isbn=0-932702-42-2}}
* {{cite book |last=Gardner |first=Mark Lee |title=To Hell on a Fast Horse: Billy the Kid, Pat Garrett and the Epic Chase to Justice in the Old West |location=New York |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-06-136827-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eGWvySY_3T4C}}
* Garrett, Pat F. ''The Authentic Life of Billy, the Kid, the Noted Desperado of the Southwest, Whose Deeds of Daring and Blood Made His Name a Terror in New Mexico, Arizona and Northern Mexico''. Santa Fe: New Mexican Printing and Publishing Co., 1882. A facsimile edition was published by Time-Life in 1981 as one  of their 31 volume "Classics of Old  West" leather-bound series of books. {{ISBN|0-8094-3581-0}}
* Hough, Emerson. ''The Story of the Outlaw''. New York: Outing Publishers, 1907.
* McCubbin, Robert G. "Pat Garrett at His Prime." ''NOLA Quarterly'', Vol. XV, No. 2, April–June 1991.
* McCubbin, Robert G. "The 100th Anniversary of Pat Garrett's Death." ''True West'', January–February 2008.
* {{cite book |last=Metz |first=Leon C. |author-link=Leon C. Metz |title=Pat Garrett: The Story of a Western Lawman |location=Norman, OK |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |year=1974 |isbn=0-8061-1067-8}}
* Metz, Leon C. "My Search for Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid." ''True West'', August 1983.
* Metz, Leon C. "Researching the Conspiracy That Led to the Last Days of Pat Garrett." ''True West'', September 1983.
* O'Connor, Richard. ''Pat Garrett: A Biography of the Famous Marshal and the Killer of Billy the Kid''. New York: Doubleday & Co., 1960.
* Rickards, Colin. "Pat Garrett Tells 'How I Killed Billy the Kid.'" ''Real West'', April 1971.
* Shirley, Glenn. ''Shotgun for Hire: The Story of "Deacon" Jim Miller, Killer of Pat Garrett''. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1970. {{ISBN|0-8061-0902-5}}
* Weisner, Herman B. "Garrett's Death: Conspiracy or Double Cross?" ''True West'', December 1979.

== External links ==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Pat Garrett |sopt=t}}
* [https://www.amazon.com/dp/B004TP6IM6 Amazon Kindle link to ''The Story of the Outlaw: A Study of the Western Desperado'']
* [http://ghostsofdc.org/2012/02/10/pat-garrett-lawman-who-killed-billy-the-kid-visits-washington-and-teddy-roosevelt/ Pat Garrett, Lawman Who Killed Billy the Kid, Visits Washington and Teddy Roosevelt]

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{{succession box| before=[[George Kimball (sheriff)|George Kimball]]| title=[[Sheriff]] of [[Lincoln County, New Mexico]]| years=1881–1882 | after=[[John William Poe]]}}
{{succession box| before=[[Numa Reymond|Numa Edward Reymond]]| title=[[Sheriff]] of [[Doña Ana County, New Mexico]]| years=1896–1900 | after=[[Jose R. Lucero]]}}
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{{succession box| before=[[H. M. Dillon]]| title=U.S. Collector of Customs in [[El Paso, Texas]]| years=1902–1906 | after=[[A. L. Sharpe]]}}
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{{Wild West|state=collapsed}}
{{Billy the Kid}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Garrett, Pat}}
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