View source for Peter Buchan

{{For|the Scottish poet|Peter Buchan (poet)}}{{Short description|Scottish editor, publisher, and collector of ballads and folktales}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
[[File:Forbes-Buchan.jpg|thumb|200px|Peter Buchan; portrait by<br /> [[James Forbes (portrait painter)|James Forbes]]]]
'''Peter Buchan''' (4 August 1790 – 19 September 1854)<ref name="eb1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Buchan, Peter|volume=4|page=714}}</ref><ref name="murray-001-003">{{Harvnb|Shoolbraid|2010|pp=1–3}}</ref> was a Scottish editor, publisher, and collector of ballads and folktales.

==Biography==
Born in [[Peterhead]], Buchan apprenticed with a {{linktext|Jack-of-all-trades}}, and in 1814 produced his first book, a collection of verse which failed to be taken notice of. As his hometown lacked any printer shops, in 1816 Buchan went to [[Stirling]] to learn the printing process, becoming proficient enough to produce samples within a matter of ten days.

He established business as a printer in Peterhead in March 1816, with the support of the [[Earl of Buchan]] who recommended a friend to fund the purchase of the press.<ref name="murray-001-003" />

In the early years of business, he printed a series of chapbooks. He also invented his own printing press named the "Auchmedden", a pedal-operated devise that accepted stone, copper, as well as type surfaces for printing. He operated the press from a building on Peterhead's [[Longate]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Taylor |first=W. L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zOstAAAAYAAJ&dq=longate+peterhead&pg=PA6 |title=Peterhead Literature During the Past Century |date=1901 |publisher=P. Scrogie, Observer printing works |pages=6 |language=en}}</ref> His ''The Annals of Peterhead'' (1819) had copper-plate illustrations which he himself engraved. ''Scarce Ancient Ballads'' (1819), ''Gleanings of Scarce Old Ballads'' (1825) were early publications that foreshadowed what would be his lifelong interest.<ref name="murray-001-003"/> 
  
After this, he held a position in London from which drew a £150 annual income, but having compromised his health, he retired to Peterhead and devoted himself to the collection of Scottish [[ballads]] from oral sources, and their publication. His ''Ancient Ballads and Songs of the North of Scotland'' (1828) contained a large number of hitherto unpublished ballads, and newly discovered versions of existing ones.<ref name="eb1911"/><ref name="murray-001-003"/>

== Works ==
Another collection made by him was published by the Percy Society, under the title ''Scottish Traditional Versions of Ancient Ballads'' (1845). Two unpublished volumes of Buchan's ballad collections are in the [[British Museum]].<ref name="eb1911"/>

Buchan also compiled a collection of folktales, and his manuscripts were known to [[John Francis Campbell]] who discussed them in his ''Popular Tales of the West Highlands''. Buchan's folktales were later published as ''Ancient Scottish Tales'' (1908).<ref>{{Harvnb|Buchan|1908|loc=''Ancient Scottish Tales''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Henderson |first=Hamish |editor1=-J. Derrick McClure |author-link=Hamish Henderson |chapter=''At the Foot o' Yon Excellin' Brae'': The Language of Scots Folksong |title=Scotland and the Lowland tongue: studies in the language and literature of Lowland Scotland in honour of David D. Murison |publisher=Aberdeen University Press |date=1983 |page=106}}</ref>

==Animal rights==

Buchan was an early [[animal rights]] writer. In 1824, he authored a book that argued that animals have souls and are immortal. Buchan argued that God must recompense the "undeserved pain" of animals by appointing them a "[[Afterlife|future state]]".<ref>{{cite journal|author=Perkins, David|year=1999|title=Sweet Helpston! John Clare on Badger Baiting|journal=[[Studies in Romanticism]]|volume=38|issue=3|pages=387–407|doi=10.2307/25601401|jstor=25601401}}</ref><ref>Perkins, David. (2003). ''Romanticism and Animal Rights''. Cambridge University Press. p. 28. {{ISBN|0-521-82941-0}}</ref>

==Selected publications==

*''The Annals of Peterhead'' (1819)
*''Scarce Ancient Ballads'' (1819)
*[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100221246 ''Scriptural & Philosophical Arguments; or Cogent Proofs From Reason & Revelation that Brutes Have Souls; and That Their Souls are Immortal''] (1824)
*''Gleanings of Scarce Old Ballads'' (1825)
*[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006503894 ''Ancient Ballads and Songs of the North of Scotland''] (1828)

==Footnotes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
{{EB1911 poster|Buchan, Peter}}
{{Refbegin}}
;Works
*{{citation|last=Buchan|first=Peter|others=John A. Fairley|title=Paper on 'Ancient Scottish Tales &mdash; an unpublished collection made by Peter Buchan'|journal=Transactions of the Buchan Field Club|volume=9|year=1908|format=snippet|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pq0uAAAAMAAJ|ref=none}}
*{{citation|last=Buchan|first=Peter|others=John A. Fairley (intro.)|title=Ancient Scottish Tales|publisher=Peterhead|year=1908|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SfxKAAAAYAAJ}} (Reprint)
{{Refend}}
;Studies
*{{citation|last=Shoolbraid|first=Murray|title=The high-kilted muse: Peter Buchan and his Secret songs of silence|date=2 April 2010|publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GrOSr86ZPncC|isbn=978-1604734317}} 
{{EB1911|wstitle=Buchan, Peter}}

{{Animal rights|state=uncollapsed|advocates}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Buchan, Peter}}
[[Category:1790 births]]
[[Category:1854 deaths]]
[[Category:Scottish animal rights scholars]]
[[Category:Burials at West Norwood Cemetery]]
[[Category:People from Peterhead]]
[[Category:Scottish editors]]
[[Category:Scottish printers]]
[[Category:Scottish folk-song collectors]]
[[Category:19th-century Scottish businesspeople]]
[[Category:Christian writers about animal rights and welfare]]
[[Category:19th-century British musicologists]]