View source for Philip Noel-Baker

{{Short description|British athlete and politician (1889–1982)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
| name             = The Lord Noel-Baker
| image            = Philip Noel-Baker 1942.jpg
| caption          = Philip Noel-Baker in 1942
| office1          = [[Ministry of Power (United Kingdom)|Minister of Fuel and Power]]
| term_start1      = 15 February 1950
| term_end1        = 31 October 1951
| predecessor1     = [[Hugh Gaitskell]]
| successor1       = ''Office abolished''
| office2          = [[Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations]]
| term_start2      = 7 October 1947
| term_end2        = 28 February 1950
| predecessor2     = [[Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison|The Viscount Addison]]
| successor2       = [[Patrick Gordon Walker]]
| office3          = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]<br> for [[Derby South (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby South]]<br>([[Derby (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby]] 1936–1950)
| term_start3      = 9 July 1936
| term_end3        = 29 May 1970
| predecessor3     = [[J. H. Thomas]]
| successor3       = [[Walter Johnson (politician)|Walter Johnson]]
| office4          = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]]<br>for [[Coventry (UK Parliament constituency)|Coventry]]
| term_start4      = 30 May 1929
| term_end4        = 6 October 1931
| predecessor4     = [[Archibald Boyd-Carpenter]]
| successor4       = [[William Strickland (Conservative politician)|William Strickland]]
| office5          = Member of the [[House of Lords]]
| status5          = Lord Temporal
| term_label5      = as a [[life peer]]
| term_start5      = 22 July 1977
| term_end5        = 8 October 1982
| party            = [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]
<!-- Personal -->
| birth_name       = Philip John Baker
| birth_date       = 1 November 1889
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1982|10|8|1889|11|1|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Brondesbury]], London, England
| death_place      = [[Westminster]], London, England
| spouse           = {{marriage|Irene Noel|1915|1956|reason=died}}
| children         = [[Francis Noel-Baker]]
| alma_mater       = [[Haverford College]]<br />[[King's College, Cambridge]]
| awards           = [[Nobel Peace Prize]]
| module           = {{infobox sportsperson
| embed            = yes
| name             = Philip Baker
| sport       = [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]]
| event       = middle-distance
| club        = University of Cambridge AC<br>[[Achilles Club]]
| medaltemplates   =
{{Medal|Sport|[[Athletics (sport)|Athletics]]}}
{{Medal|Country|{{GBN}}}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[Athletics at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]]}}
{{Medal|Silver|[[1920 Summer Olympics|1920 Antwerp]]|[[Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres|1500 m]]}}
}}
}}

'''Philip John Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|PC}} (born '''Philip John Baker'''; 1 November 1889 – 8 October 1982), was a British politician, diplomat, academic, athlete, and renowned campaigner for [[disarmament]].  He carried the British team flag and won a silver medal for the 1500m run at the [[1920 Summer Olympics]] in Antwerp, and received the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1959.<ref name=nobel>{{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1959/noel-baker-bio.html|title=Philip Noel-Baker; The Nobel Peace Prize 1959|work=Nobelprize.org|publisher=[[The Nobel Foundation]]|access-date=21 October 2008}}</ref>

Noel-Baker is the only person to have won an Olympic medal and received a Nobel Prize.<ref>[http://www.canberratimes.com.au/opinion/olympic-games-trivia-for-pedants-20120802-23i1q.html "Olympic Games trivia for pedants"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120809000636/http://www.canberratimes.com.au/opinion/olympic-games-trivia-for-pedants-20120802-23i1q.html |date=9 August 2012 }}, ''Canberra Times'', 2 August 2012.</ref> He was a [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament (UK)]] for 36 years, serving from 1929 to 1931 and again from 1936 to 1970, serving in several ministerial offices and the cabinet. He was created a [[life peer]] in 1977.

==Early life and education==
Baker was born 1 November 1889 on in [[Brondesbury Park]], London, England,<ref name="ODNB"/> the sixth of seven children of Canadian-born [[Quaker]] [[Allen Baker]] and the Scottish-born Elizabeth Balmer Moscrip. His father had moved to England in 1876 to establish a manufacturing business, and served as a [[Progressive Party (London)|Progressive]] member of the [[London County Council]] from 1895 to 1906, and as a [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] member of the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] for [[East Finsbury (UK Parliament constituency)|East Finsbury]] from 1905 to 1918.

Baker was educated at Quaker [[independent school (UK)|independent schools]]: [[Ackworth School]] in the West Riding of Yorkshire and [[Bootham School]] in York. He studied in the United States at the Quaker-associated [[Haverford College]] in Pennsylvania. Returning to England, he studied at [[King's College, Cambridge]], from 1908 to 1912, obtaining a [[Second class honours|second]] in Part I of the history [[tripos]] and a [[First class honours|first]] in Part II economics. In addition to his academic endeavours, he was President of the [[Cambridge Union Society]] in 1912 and President of the Cambridge University Athletic Club from 1910 to 1912.<ref name="ODNB"/>

==Athletic career==
He was a competitor in the Olympic Games as a middle-distance runner, both before and after the First World War, representing [[Team GB|Great Britain]] in the [[800 metres]] and [[Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres|1500 metres]] at the [[1912 Olympic Games]] in Stockholm.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/69349 |title=Philip Noel-Baker |work=Olympedia |access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref> He reached the final of the 1500 metres, won by his fellow countryman [[Arnold Jackson (British Army officer)|Arnold Jackson]]. At the [[1920 Summer Olympics]] in Antwerp, Baker was captain of the British track team and carried the team's flag. He won his first-round race in the 800 metres, but then concentrated on the 1500 metres, taking the silver medal behind his teammate [[Albert Hill (athlete)|Albert Hill]].<ref name=sr>{{cite sports-reference |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417114459/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/philip-baker-1.html |title=Philip Baker |archive-date=2020-04-17 |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ba/philip-baker-1.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> He was captain again at the [[1924 Summer Olympics]] in Paris, but did not compete.<ref name="ODNB"/>

==Academic career and military service==
Baker's early career was as an academic. Following his graduation from the University of Cambridge in 1912, he was awarded the Whewell Scholarship in international law. In 1914, he was appointed as vice-principal of [[Ruskin College, Oxford]], then an [[adult education]] establishment for working class men which is not part of the [[University of Oxford]]. In 1915, he was elected a [[Fellow (Oxbridge)|fellow]] of King's College, Cambridge, his ''[[alma mater]]''.<ref name="ODNB"/> 

During the [[First World War]], Baker organised and led the [[Friends' Ambulance Unit]] attached to the [[Western Front (World War I)|fighting front in France]] (1914–1915), and was then, as a [[conscientious objector]] from 1916, adjutant of the First British Ambulance Unit for Italy, in association with the [[British Red Cross]] (1915–1918), for which he received military medals from the UK, France and Italy.<ref name=sr/>

==Political career==
After World War I, Noel-Baker was closely involved in the formation of the [[League of Nations]], serving as assistant to [[Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood|Lord Robert Cecil]], then assistant to Sir [[James Eric Drummond|Eric Drummond]], the league's first secretary-general. According to historian [[Susan Pedersen (historian)|Susan Pedersen]] "Baker was far to the left of Drummond politically, but he had the kind of formation, connections, and intimate understanding of British officialdom’s rules of the game that made for easy collaboration between the two."<ref name=":0222">{{Cite book |last=Pedersen |first=Susan |url=https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199570485.001.0001/acprof-9780199570485 |title=The Guardians: The League of Nations and the Crisis of Empire |date=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-957048-5 |pages=48–49 |doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199570485.001.0001}}</ref> Noel-Baker did much of the League's early work on the [[League of Nations mandate|mandates system]].<ref name=":0222" />

He became the first [[Sir Ernest Cassel Professor of International Relations]] at the [[London School of Economics]] (which was then part of the [[University of London]]) from 1924 to 1929,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/pressAndInformationOffice/aboutLSE/nobelPrizeWinners/noelBaker.htm|title=Lord Philip Noel-Baker, Nobel Prize Winner|publisher=London School of Economics|access-date=5 May 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207085252/http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/pressAndInformationOffice/aboutLSE/nobelPrizeWinners/noelBaker.htm|archive-date=7 December 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and a lecturer at [[Yale University]] from 1933 to 1934. His political career with the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] began in 1924 when he stood, unsuccessfully, for Parliament in the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] [[safe seat]] of [[Birmingham Handsworth (UK Parliament constituency)|Birmingham Handsworth]]. He was elected as the member for [[Coventry (UK Parliament constituency)|Coventry]] in 1929, and served as [[parliamentary private secretary]] to the [[Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs|Foreign Secretary]] [[Arthur Henderson]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=The Geneva Protocol for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes|location=London|publisher=P.S. King & Son Ltd|year=1925}}</ref>

Noel-Baker lost his seat in 1931, but remained Henderson's assistant while Henderson was president of the [[World Disarmament Conference]] in Geneva in 1932 to 1933. He stood for Parliament again in Coventry in 1935, unsuccessfully, but won the [[1936 Derby by-election|Derby by-election]] in July 1936 after the sitting [[Derby (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby]] Member of Parliament [[J. H. Thomas]] resigned. When that constituency was split in 1950, he transferred to [[Derby South (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby South]].

Noel-Baker became a member of the Labour Party's [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party|National Executive Committee]] in 1937. On 21 June 1938, Noel-Baker, as M.P. for [[Derby (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby]], in the run up to [[World War II]], spoke at the House of Commons against aerial bombing of German cities based on moral grounds. "The only way to prevent atrocities from the air is to abolish air warfare and national air forces altogether."<ref>[http://ww2db.com/event/today/06/21/1938 P.J. Noel-Baker comments on air warfare], ww2db.com; accessed 7 December 2014.</ref>

In the coalition government during the [[World War II]] he was a parliamentary secretary at the [[Ministry of War Transport]] from February 1942, and served as [[Minister of State for Foreign Affairs (United Kingdom)|Minister of State for Foreign Affairs]] after Labour gained power following the 1945 general election, but had a poor relationship with the Foreign Secretary, [[Ernest Bevin]]. Noel-Baker moved to become [[Secretary of State for Air]] in October 1946, and then became [[Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations]] in 1947 and joined the cabinet.<ref name= "DDT">{{cite news |title=New Ministers at Palace |work=Derby Daily Telegraph |date=14 October 1947 |access-date=2 November 2015 |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000521/19471014/010/0001| via = [[British Newspaper Archive]]|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Noel-Baker was the minister responsible for organising the [[1948 Summer Olympics|1948 Olympic Games]] in London. He moved to the [[Ministry of Fuel and Power]] in 1950. In the mid-1940s, Noel-Baker served on the British delegation to what became the [[United Nations]], helping to draft its charter and other rules for operation as a British delegate. He served as [[Chairman of the Labour Party]] in 1946–47, but lost his place on the National Executive Committee in 1948, his place being taken by [[Michael Foot]].<ref name= "GE">{{cite news |title=NOEL-BAKER DROPPED |work=Gloucester Echo |date=18 May 1948 |access-date=2 November 2015 |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000320/19480518/004/0001| via = [[British Newspaper Archive]]|url-access=subscription }}</ref> An opponent of left-wing [[Bevanite]] policies in the 1950s, and an advocate of multilateral nuclear disarmament, rather than a policy of [[unilateral disarmament]], he received the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1959. In 1979, with [[Fenner Brockway]], he co-founded the World Disarmament Campaign, serving as co-Chair until he died,<ref>{{Nobelprize}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Whittaker|first=David J.|title=Fighter for peace: Philip Noel-Baker 1889–1982|publisher=Sessions|location=York|year=1989|isbn=1-85072-056-8}}</ref> and was an active supporter of disarmament into the 1980s.

Noel-Baker stood down as the MP for Derby South at the [[1970 United Kingdom general election|1970 general election]], at which he was succeeded by [[Walter Johnson (politician)|Walter Johnson]]. His [[life peer]]age was announced in the [[1977 Silver Jubilee and Birthday Honours]]<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=47234 |date=10 June 1977 |page=7080 |supp=y}}</ref> and, aged 87, he was raised to the [[Peerage of the United Kingdom|peerage]] 22 July 1977, as '''Baron Noel-Baker''', of the [[City of Derby]],<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=47285 |date=26 July 1977 |page=9679}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=20121 |date=26 July 1977 |page=861 |city=e}}</ref> having declined an appointment as a [[Companion of Honour]] in the 1965 New Year Honours. He was president of the [[International Council of Sport Science and Physical Education]] from 1960 to 1976.<ref name="ODNB"/> Noel-Baker was an active contributor to [[House of Lords]] debates into his nineties, speaking in debates on the ongoing [[Falklands War]] in the months preceding his death.

A memorial garden, the Philip Noel-Baker Peace Garden, exists within [[Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Islington|Elthorne Park]], a small park in the [[London Borough of Islington]].

[[Brian Harrison (historian)|Brian Harrison]] recorded an oral history interview with Noel-Baker in April 1977, as part of the Suffrage Interviews project, titled ''Oral evidence on the suffragette and suffragist movements: the Brian Harrison interviews.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=London School of Economics and Political Science |title=The Suffrage Interviews |url=https://www.lse.ac.uk/library/collection-highlights/the-suffrage-interviews.aspx |access-date=2023-12-05 |website=London School of Economics and Political Science |language=en-GB}}</ref> Noel-Baker discusses the [[League of Nations Union]] and the [[Peace Ballot]] of 1934–35, as well as his work with the [[United Nations Association]] and the work of [[Kathleen Courtney]].  

==Personal life==
In June 1915, Philip John Baker married Irene Noel, a field hospital nurse in [[East Grinstead]], subsequently adopting the hyphenated name '''Noel-Baker''' in 1921 by deed poll.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=32613 |date=17 February 1922 |page=1455 |supp=y}}</ref> His wife was a friend of [[Virginia Woolf]]. Their only son, [[Francis Noel-Baker|Francis]], also became a Labour MP and served together with his father in the Commons. Their marriage, however was not a success and Noel-Baker's mistress from 1936 was [[Megan Lloyd George]], daughter of the former [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal Party]] leader [[David Lloyd George]], herself a Liberal and later Labour MP. The relationship ended when Irene died in 1956.<ref name="ODNB"/>  

He died at home in [[Westminster]] on 8 October 1982.<ref name="ODNB">{{Cite ODNB|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/31505|title=Baker, Philip John Noel-, Baron Noel-Baker|first=David|last=Howell}}</ref>

==Works==
===Writings===
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=Disarmament|location=London|publisher=The Hogarth Press|year=1926}} (Reprint 1970, New York: Kennicat Press)
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=The League of Nations at Work|location=London|publisher=Nisbet|year=1926}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=Disarmament and the Coolidge Conference|location=London|publisher=[[Leonard Woolf|Leonard]] & [[Virginia Woolf]]|year=1927}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=The Present Juridical Status of the British Dominions in International Law|location=London|publisher=Longmans|year=1929}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=Disarmament|location=London|publisher=[[League of Nations Union]]|year=1934}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=Hawkers of Death: The Private Manufacture and Trade in Arms|location=London|publisher=Labour Party|year=1934}} 
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=The Private Manufacture of Armaments|location=London|publisher=[[Victor Gollancz]]|year=1936}} (Reprint 1972, New York: Dover Publications)
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=Before we go back: a pictorial record of Norway's fight against Nazism|publisher=[[H.M.S.O.]]|location=London|year=1944}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=U.N., the Atom, the Veto (speech at the Plenary Assembly of the United Nations 25 October 1946)|publisher=The Labour Party|location=London|year=1946}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=The Arms Race: A Programme for World Disarmament|publisher=Stevens & Sons|location=London|year=1958|id=ASIN: B0000CJZPN}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=Nansen's Place in History|location=Oslo|publisher=[[Universitetsförlaget]]|year=1962}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=The Way to World Disarmament-Now!|publisher=[[Union of Democratic Control]]|location=London|year=1963}}
*{{cite book|last=Noel-Baker|first=Philip|title=The first World Disarmament Conference, 1932–1933 and why it failed|publisher=Pergamon|location=Oxford|year=1979|isbn=0-08-023365-1}}

'''By Philip Noel-Baker with other authors'''
*{{cite book|last1=Buzzard|first1=Rear-Admiral Sir Anthony| author1-link =Sir Anthony Buzzard, 2nd Baronet|last2=Noel-Baker|first2=Philip|title=Disarmament and Defence|publisher=United Nations [Peacefinder Pamphlet. no. 28]|year=1959}}
*{{cite book|last1=Mountbatten|first1=Louis| author1-link =Louis Mountbatten|last2=Noel-Baker|first2=Philip|last3=Zuckerman|first3=Solly| author3-link =Solly Zuckerman|title=Apocalypse now?|publisher=Spokesman Books|location=Nottingham|year=1980|isbn=0-85124-297-9}}

==See also==
* [[Fridtjof Nansen]]
* [[List of peace activists]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
'''Primary and secondary sources'''
*{{cite book |last=Ferguson |first=John |title=Philip Noel-Baker: the man and his message |publisher=[[United Nations Association]] |location=London |year=1983 |id=ASIN: B0000EF3NF}}
* Lloyd, Lorna: ''Philip Noel-Baker and the Peace Through Law'' in {{Cite book |editor1-last=Long |editor1-first=David |editor2-last=Wilson |editor2-first=Peter |title=Thinkers of the Twenty Years' Crisis. Inter-War Idealism reassessed |place=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1995 |isbn=0-19-827855-1}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Russell |first1=Bertrand |author-link=Bertrand Russell |title=Philip Noel-Baker: A Tribute |journal=[[International Relations (journal)|International Relations]] |volume=2 |pages=1–2|year=1960 |doi=10.1177/004711786000200101 |last2=Russell |first2=B. |s2cid=145544869}}
<!-- temporarily comment out until missing details are found 
*{{cite book
  | last = Brockway
  | first = Fenner
  | first2 = Philip
  | last2 = Noel-Baker
  | title = The hope for peace : Belgrade and disarmament
  | publisher = British Committee for ??
  | location = London
  | year = 1977
  | isbn = }} end of commenting out -->

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Hansard-contribs|mr-philip-noel-baker|Philip Noel-Baker}}
* {{UK National Archives ID}}
* {{Olympics.com profile|philip-john-noel-baker|Philip John Noel-Baker|org_id=philip-baker|org_name=Philip Baker|org_archive=20210422132517}}
* {{cite web|title=The Papers of Philip Noel-Baker (Churchill/NBKR)|publisher=[[Churchill Archives Centre]]|url=https://archivesearch.lib.cam.ac.uk/repositories/9/resources/1736|access-date=2 June 2007}} (timeline of Noel-Baker's life, and index to his papers held at [[Churchill Archives Centre]], [[Churchill College, Cambridge]])
* {{PM20}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|uk}}
{{succession box
 | title  = Member of Parliament for [[Coventry (UK Parliament constituency)|Coventry]]
 | years  = 1929–1931
 | before = [[Archibald Boyd-Carpenter]]
 | after  = [[William Strickland (Conservative politician)|William Strickland]]
}}
{{s-bef | before = [[J. H. Thomas]] | before2 = [[William Allan Reid]]}}
{{s-ttl
 | title = Member of Parliament for [[Derby (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby]]
 | years = 1936–1950
 | with  = [[William Allan Reid]] to 1945
 | with2 = [[Clifford Wilcock]] from 1945
}}
{{s-non | reason = Constituency divided }}

{{s-new | constituency}}
{{s-ttl
 | title = Member of Parliament for [[Derby South (UK Parliament constituency)|Derby South]]
 | years = 1950–1970
}}
{{s-aft | after = [[Walter Johnson (politician)|Walter Johnson]] }}
{{s-ppo}}
{{succession box | title=Chair of the [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party|Labour Party]] | before=[[Harold Laski]] | after=[[Manny Shinwell, Baron Shinwell|Manny Shinwell]] | years= 1946–1947}}
{{s-off}}
{{succession box | before = [[William Wedgwood Benn, 1st Viscount Stansgate|The Viscount Stansgate]] | title= [[Secretary of State for Air]] | years=1946–1947 | after=[[Arthur Henderson, Baron Rowley|Arthur Henderson]]}}
{{succession box | before = [[Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison|The Viscount Addison]] | title=[[Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations]] | years=1947–1950 | after=[[Patrick Gordon Walker]]}}
{{succession box | before = [[Hugh Gaitskell]] | title=[[Ministry of Power (United Kingdom)|Minister of Fuel and Power]] | years=1950–1951 | after=Office abolished}}
{{s-end}}

{{Nobel Peace Prize laureates|state=collapsed}}
{{1959 Nobel Prize winners}}
{{Secretaries of State for Energy and Climate Change}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Noel-Baker, Philip}}
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1982 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Hendon]]
[[Category:Athletes from the London Borough of Brent]]
[[Category:English Quakers]]
[[Category:Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]]
[[Category:Labour Party (UK) life peers]]
[[Category:British sportsperson-politicians]]
[[Category:English men middle-distance runners]]
[[Category:British men middle-distance runners]]
[[Category:Olympic athletes for Great Britain]]
[[Category:Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain]]
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1912 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1920 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Derbyshire]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1929–1931]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1935–1945]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1945–1950]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1950–1951]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1951–1955]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1955–1959]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1959–1964]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1964–1966]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1966–1970]]
[[Category:UK MPs who were granted peerages]]
[[Category:British anti-war activists]]
[[Category:British conscientious objectors]]
[[Category:British secretaries of state for Commonwealth affairs]]
[[Category:Chairs of the Labour Party (UK)]]
[[Category:English Christian pacifists]]
[[Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]]
[[Category:British Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:English Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Cambridge Union]]
[[Category:People educated at Bootham School]]
[[Category:Alumni of King's College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Fellows of King's College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Academics of the London School of Economics]]
[[Category:Haverford College alumni]]
[[Category:People associated with the Friends' Ambulance Unit]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic silver medalists in athletics]]
[[Category:Ministers in the Attlee governments, 1945–1951]]
[[Category:Life peers created by Elizabeth II]]
[[Category:Politicians from the London Borough of Brent]]
[[Category:Secretaries of state for air (UK)]]