View source for Pierre Juneau

{{short description|Canadian film and broadcast executive}}
{{Use Canadian English|date = June 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date = June 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix   = 
| name               = Pierre Juneau
| honorific-suffix   = {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|PC|OC|MSRC|size=100%}}
| image              = 
| image_size         = 
| smallimage         = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.-->
| alt                = Flora MacDonald in 1987
| caption            = Flora MacDonald in 1987
| office1             = [[Minister of Communications (Canada)|Minister of Communications]]
| term_start1         = August 29, 1975
| term_end1           = October 24, 1975
| primeminister1      = [[Pierre Trudeau]]
| predecessor1        = [[Gérard Pelletier]]
| successor1          = [[Otto Lang]]
| order2             =  <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| office2            = [[Chairman]] of the [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission|CRTC]]
| term_start2        = 1968
| term_end2          = 1975
| primeminister2     = 
| predecessor2       = 
| successor2         = [[Harry J. Boyle]]
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|1922|10|17}}
| birth_place        = [[Verdun, Quebec]], Canada
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|2012|2|21|1922|10|17}}
| death_place        = [[Montreal]], Quebec, Canada
| party              = [[Liberal Party of Canada]]
| alma_mater=[[Université de Montréal]]<br>[[University of Paris]]
| occupation=broadcast executive}}
'''Pierre Juneau''' {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|PC|OC|MSRC}} (October 17, 1922 &ndash; February 21, 2012) was a Canadian film and broadcast executive, a one-time member of the [[Canadian Cabinet]], the first chairman of the [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission]] (CRTC) and subsequently president of the [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]. He is  credited with the creation, promotion, and championing of [[Canadian content]] requirements for radio and television. Juneau is the [[namesake]] of the [[Juno Awards]].<ref name=billboard>{{cite news|first=Karen|last=Bliss|title=Pierre Juneau, Champion of Canadian Music Talent, Juno Awards Namesake, Dead at 89|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/pierre-juneau-champion-of-canadian-music-1006252552.story|work=[[Billboard Magazine]]|date=2012-03-22|accessdate=2012-03-15|archive-date=December 31, 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121231095859/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/pierre-juneau-champion-of-canadian-music-1006252552.story|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=cp>{{cite news|title=Creator of Canadian content dies at 89 |url=http://www.castanet.net/news/Canada/71351/Creator-of-Canadian-content-dies-at-89 |work=[[Canadian Press]]|publisher=Castanet|date=2012-03-21|accessdate=2012-03-15}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was born in [[Verdun, Quebec|Verdun]], now part of [[Montreal]], to a working-class family. After graduating from the [[Université de Montréal]], he studied at the [[University of Paris]] where he met [[Pierre Trudeau]], with whom he co-founded the dissident political magazine ''[[Cité Libre]]'' upon returning to Montreal.

He was the Jeunesse Étudiante Chrétienne (JEC) Canadian representative at the International Young Catholic Students (IYCS) Centre for International Documentation and Information (CIDI) in 1947–49. He is considered as one of the key men behind the creation of IYCS which today is present in over 80 countries with millions of members.

==National Film Board of Canada==
Juneau joined the [[National Film Board of Canada]] in 1949.<ref name=star>{{cite news|last=Canadian Press|title=Pierre Juneau, ex-CBC president, dies at 89|url=http://www.toronto.com/article/714353|accessdate=February 21, 2012|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=February 21, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222140419/http://www.toronto.com/article/714353|archive-date=February 22, 2012}}</ref> Hired as the NFB's French Advisor by commissioner [[Albert Trueman]] to see how the NFB could better meet the needs of francophone filmmakers and contemporary Quebec society, Juneau was one of the original proponents for the creation of a French-language production branch at the NFB.<ref name="Interest">{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/innationalintere0000evan | url-access=registration | quote=Jacques Bobet. | title=In the National Interest: A Chronicle of the National Film Board of Canada from 1949–1989 | publisher=[[University of Toronto Press]] | year=1991 | accessdate=May 2, 2012 | author=Evans, Gary | pages=[https://archive.org/details/innationalintere0000evan/page/34 34]–35 | isbn=0-8020-2784-9}}</ref>

In the 1950s, he was the NFB's assistant regional supervisor in [[Quebec]], and then became the chief of international distribution, the assistant head of the European office, and the NFB's secretary. In 1964, he became the board's Director of French-language production.

==Film festival founder==
In 1959, Juneau was a co-founder of the [[Montreal International Film Festival]], and served as its president until 1968.<ref name=cbc/>

==CRTC==
In 1966, Juneau was appointed vice-chairman of the Bureau of Broadcast Governors and the last Chairman in March 1968. When the BBG became the [[Canadian Radio and Television Commission]] (CRTC) in 1968, Juneau became the body's first chairman. In the early 1970s, he was the architect of the CRTC's [[Canadian content]] regulations that require a certain percentage of radio and television time to be devoted to programming (or music in the case of radio) produced in Canada. Canadian content, by requiring radio stations to give air play to Canadian artists, is credited with creating a domestic market for Canadian music and the subsequent boom in music production. The music industry's [[Juno Award]]s are named after Juneau, and in 1971 he received a special Juno award for "Canadian music industry Man of the Year".<ref name=cbc>{{cite news|title=Pierre Juneau, former CRTC and CBC chief, dies|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/pierre-juneau-former-crtc-and-cbc-chief-dies-1.1145286|access-date=February 21, 2012|newspaper=CBC News|date=February 21, 2012}}</ref>

==Political career==
In 1975, Juneau left the CRTC to accept an appointment by [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]] Pierre Trudeau to the cabinet as [[Minister of Communications (Canada)|Minister of Communications]]. Since Juneau did not have a seat in the [[House of Commons of Canada]], he attempted to enter parliament through a [[by-election]], but was defeated in the Montreal riding of [[Hochelaga (electoral district)|Hochelaga]] by the [[Progressive Conservative Party of Canada|Progressive Conservative]] candidate, [[Jacques Lavoie]]. Following constitutional convention which requires that a cabinet minister have or obtain a seat in parliament shortly after his appointment, he resigned from cabinet.<ref name=star/><ref name=cbc/>

==Civil service==
He was subsequently appointed to the [[civil service]] by Trudeau as undersecretary of state, and then, in 1980, as [[Deputy Minister (Canada)|deputy minister]] of communications.<ref name=star/><ref name=cbc/>

==Canadian Broadcasting Corporation==
In 1982, he became president of the [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]].<ref name=star/><ref name=cbc/>  As Juneau was closely identified with the Liberal Party, he was viewed with hostility by the Progressive Conservative government of [[Brian Mulroney]] that came to power in the [[1984 Canadian federal election|1984 election]]. He clashed with the Mulroney government over budget cuts and its reorganization of the CBC but nevertheless completed his seven-year term.<ref name=cbc/>

Despite financial pressures, during his term as CBC president, Juneau inaugurated a new cable service, [[CBC Newsworld]], and increased Canadian content on the CBC to 95% of programming.<ref name=star/><ref name=cbc/> Under Juneau, [[CBC Television]] increased its level of Canadian content and moved towards commissioning independently produced drama helping to stimulate the production industry where previously it had produced most drama in-house.<ref name=cbc/>

==Later life==
After retiring from the CBC, he founded the World Radio and Television Council, a non-government organization supported by [[UNESCO]]. He also taught in the communications department of the [[Université de Montréal]].<ref name=gaz>{{cite news|last=Kelly|first=Brendan|title=Pierre Juneau, stuanch defender of Canadian culture, dead at 89|url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/Pierre+Juneau+staunch+defender+Canadian+culture+dead/6186910/story.html|accessdate=February 21, 2012|newspaper=Montreal Gazette|date=February 21, 2012}}{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

== Electoral record ==
{{CANelec/top|CA|14 October 1975|by=yes|percent=yes|change=yes|Hochelaga (electoral district)|Hochelaga}}
{{CANelec/note|Pelletier resigned, 29 August 1975}}
{{CANelec|CA|PC|[[Jacques Lavoie]]|8,236|48.58|+18.19}}
{{CANelec|CA|Liberal|Pierre Juneau|5,649|33.32|-16.54}}
{{CANelec|CA|Social Credit|[[Gilles Caouette]]|1,729|10.20|-0.46}}
{{CANelec|CA|NDP|Onias Synnott|675|3.98|-2.92}}
{{CANelec|CA|Independent|Gérard Contant|396|2.34|	}}
{{CANelec|CA|Independent|Louise Ouimet|169|1.00	|}}
{{CANelec|CA|Independent|Daniel Charlebois|101|0.60|}}
{{Canadian election result/total|Total valid votes|16,955|100.00}}
{{end}}

==Honours==
In 1975, he was made an officer of the [[Order of Canada]]<ref name=cbc/> and was elected a member of the [[Royal Society of Canada]]. He received honorary doctorates from [[York University]], [[Toronto Metropolitan University|Ryerson Polytechnic University]], [[Trent University]] and [[Université de Moncton]].<ref name=gaz/>

==Death==
Juneau died in Montreal from heart failure on February 21, 2012.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Austen |first=Ian |date=2012-02-24 |title=Pierre Juneau, Champion of Canada's Pop Music Industry, Dies at 89 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/24/arts/music/pierre-juneau-champion-of-canadas-pop-music-industry-dies-at-89.html |access-date=2023-11-22 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> He was 89.<ref name=star/><ref name=cbc/> He was entombed at the [[Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery]] in Montreal.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Répertoire des personnages inhumés au cimetière ayant marqué l'histoire de notre société|publisher=Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery|location=Montreal|language=fr}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-gov}}
{{s-bef|before=None}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chairman]] of the [[Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission|CRTC]]
 |years=1968–1975}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Harry J. Boyle]]}}
{{succession box|
 before=[[Albert Wesley Johnson]]|
 title=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|President of the<br /> Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|
 years=1982&ndash;1989|
 after= [[William T. Armstrong]]
}}
{{end}}

{{CA-Ministers of Communications}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Juneau, Pierre}}
[[Category:1922 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian civil servants]]
[[Category:Liberal Party of Canada candidates for the Canadian House of Commons]]
[[Category:Chairpersons of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission]]
[[Category:National Film Board of Canada people]]
[[Category:Juno Award winners]]
[[Category:Officers of the Order of Canada]]
[[Category:Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada]]
[[Category:Université de Montréal alumni]]
[[Category:Quebec candidates for Member of Parliament]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada]]
[[Category:People from Verdun, Quebec]]
[[Category:Film festival founders]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Université de Montréal]]
[[Category:Burials at Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery]]