View source for Polegate

{{short description |Town in East Sussex, England}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}

{{Infobox UK place
| country = England
| region = South East England
| static_image_name = St John's church, Polegate - geograph.org.uk - 3992431.jpg
| static_image_caption = St John's Church
| area_footnotes = <ref name=ESiF>{{cite web |url=http://www.eastsussexinfigures.org.uk/webview/ |title=East Sussex in Figures |access-date=29 April 2012 |publisher=East Sussex County Council |archive-date=28 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121228085807/http://www.eastsussexinfigures.org.uk/webview/welcome.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 7.3
| population = 9300
| population_ref = (2021)<ref name=ESiF />
| population_density = {{convert|2853|/sqmi|/km2|abbr=on}}
| os_grid_reference = TQ587058
| coordinates = {{coord|50.8216|0.2442|display=inline,title}}
| post_town = POLEGATE
| postcode_area = BN
| postcode_district = BN26
| dial_code = 01323
| constituency_westminster = [[Lewes (UK Parliament constituency)|Lewes]]
| london_distance = {{convert|49|mi}} NNW
| civil_parish = Polegate
| shire_district = [[Wealden District|Wealden]]
| shire_county = [[East Sussex]]
| website = http://www.polegate-tc.co.uk/
| type = Town
}}
'''Polegate''' is a town and [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] in the [[Wealden District|Wealden]] District of [[East Sussex]], England, United Kingdom.<ref name=EX123>OS Explorer map Eastbourne and Beachy Head Scale: 1:25 000. Publisher:Ordnance Survey – Southampton B2 edition. Publishing Date:2009. {{ISBN|978 0319240823}}</ref>  It is located five miles (8&nbsp;km) north of the seaside resort of [[Eastbourne]] and is part of the greater area of that town. The 2011 census put the civil parish of Polegate at a population of 8,586, with 41.2% aged 65 and over.<ref name=ESiF />

==History==

Until the coming of the railways in the 1840s, Polegate was a small settlement within the parish of [[Hailsham]]. The [[Roman road]] from [[Pevensey]] to [[Lewes]] passed through here, and the [[toll road|turnpike]] between London and Eastbourne was developed in the 18th century; but it was the opening of the railway between Lewes and [[Hastings]], with later branches to Eastbourne and Hailsham, that meant growth for Polegate. It became a significant junction, with a freight terminal serving both the nearby [[market town]] of [[Hailsham]] and the local brick making industry.  The town grew partly to accommodate the railway employees.

In the 12th century, the [[Premonstratensian]] order of monks occupied [[Otham Abbey]] in the parish, before relocating around 1208 to [[Bayham Abbey]], near Lamberhurst.<ref name=ioe>{{NHLE |num=1353410 |desc=Otteham Court |access-date=19 April 2008}}</ref> Two buildings remain of that time, Otteham Court<ref name=ioe /> and its Chapel.<ref>{{NHLE |num=1182639 |desc=The chapel at Otteham Court |access-date=19 April 2008}}</ref>

In 1851 a church school was established in Polegate.

St John's Church was opened on 10 November 1876. The site of the church and the parsonage was donated by Mr Fuller-Meyrick, owner of the [[Brightling Park|Brightling Park Estate]]. The separate parish of St John's was formed on 26 October 1937, with the first vicar being Rev. John Catterall Salisbury (he had been curate since 1933). In 2013 the Parsonage building in Church Road was sold by the Diocese.

In the 21st century, with the closure of the line to Hailsham and the once direct route to Hastings, its importance as a railway hub has gone. It remains a road junction, with the erstwhile turnpike now being the [[A22 road]]; the junction with the [[A27 road|A27]] lies within the town boundary.

There are four streets in today's Polegate named for the [[Levett]] family (Levett Close, Levett Road, Levett Avenue and Levett Way). The [[Anglo-Normans|Anglo-Norman]] family were early Sussex landowners, and held manors and lands across the county, including [[Firle]], [[Bodiam]], [[Hollington, East Sussex|Hollington]] and elsewhere. The family's lands were carried into the families of Gildredge (and then to the [[Davies-Gilbert]] family of Eastbourne), the Eversfields of [[St. Leonards-on-Sea]], the Ashburnhams, the Chaloners and others.

==Geography==
[[File:Polgate Station view of Combe Hill on Horizon - geograph.org.uk - 4919888.jpg|thumb|upright|right|South Downs to the south of the town]]
Polegate is located on a ridge in the gap between the [[Weald]] to the north and the [[South Downs]]. To the east lie the [[Pevensey Levels]], the onetime bay now converted into farmland with the buildup of the coastal shingle bank during the early Middle Ages. Both the roads and the railway use the gap.

The town is gradually becoming part of the greater Eastbourne conurbation, connecting with [[Willingdon and Jevington|Willingdon]] to the south. Many of the town's working population work away: either in Eastbourne or Willingdon.<ref>http://www.cartoplus.co.uk/wealden/text/17polegt.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209223748/http://www.cartoplus.co.uk/wealden/text/17polegt.htm |date=9 February 2007 }} Draft Wealden Local Plan Review</ref> Due to its location situated on the corner of the A27 and A22, it allows easy access to larger cities like [[Brighton]] and [[Hastings]] in less than an hour.

===Climate===
Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round.  The [[Köppen Climate Classification]] subtype for this climate is "[[Köppen climate classification#Group C: Temperate/mesothermal climates|Cfb]]" (Marine West Coast Climate/[[Oceanic climate]]).
{{Weather box
|location = Polegate, UK
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan high F = 46
|Feb high F = 46
|Mar high F = 48
|Apr high F = 52
|May high F = 59
|Jun high F = 63
|Jul high F = 66
|Aug high F = 68
|Sep high F = 64
|Oct high F = 57
|Nov high F = 52
|Dec high F = 46
|year high F = 55
|Jan low F = 41
|Feb low F =39
|Mar low F = 43
|Apr low F = 45
|May low F = 50
|Jun low F = 54
|Jul low F = 59
|Aug low F = 59
|Sep low F = 55
|Oct low F = 50
|Nov low F = 45
|Dec low F = 41
|year low F = 48
|Jan precipitation days = 7
|Feb precipitation days = 13
|Mar precipitation days = 14
|Apr precipitation days = 13
|May precipitation days = 9
|Jun precipitation days = 11
|Jul precipitation days = 9
|Aug precipitation days = 9
|Sep precipitation days = 13
|Oct precipitation days = 14
|Nov precipitation days = 15
|Dec precipitation days = 17
|year precipitation days = 154
|source 1 = Weatherbase<ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web
|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=591222&cityname=Polegate-England
|publisher=Weatherbase
|title=Weatherbase.com
|year=2013
|access-date=9 July 2013
|archive-date=23 January 2021
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123090553/http://www.weatherbase.com/
|url-status=live
}}
Retrieved on 9 July 2013.</ref>
|date=July 2013
}}

==Governance==
[[File:Polegate Town Hall, High Street, Polegate - geograph.org.uk - 893335.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Polegate Town Hall and Council offices]]
Polegate is split into two wards for local elections, North and South Polegate. North Polegate with 4000 electors is twice the size of South Polegate's 2000 electors, returning twice as many councillors.<ref name=district2007>
{{cite web |url=http://www.wealden.gov.uk/council/electoral_services/Results/documents/DistrictResults2007.PDF |title=District Council Elections |access-date=19 April 2008 |date=3 May 2007 |publisher=Wealden District Council |pages=4 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031131720/http://www.wealden.gov.uk/council/electoral_services/Results/documents/DistrictResults2007.PDF |archive-date=31 October 2008 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The Parish is represented at the lowest tier by Polegate Town Council. Fifteen councillors are elected from the two wards every four years. Public meetings are held monthly at the council chambers in Polegate. The 2007 election returned twelve councillors representing the Polegate residents association, two Liberal Democrats and an Independent.<ref name=parish2007>{{cite web |url=http://www.wealden.gov.uk/council/electoral_services/Results/documents/ParishResults2007.PDF |title=Parish Council Elections |access-date=19 April 2008 |date=3 May 2007 |publisher=Wealden District Council |pages=13–14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031131717/http://www.wealden.gov.uk/council/electoral_services/Results/documents/ParishResults2007.PDF |archive-date=31 October 2008 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

The district council for Polegate is Wealden District Council. [[Wealden local elections|District council elections]] are held every four years. Fifty-five councillors in total are elected, three of these from the Polegate wards. The [[2007 Wealden Council election|May 2007 election]] returned 34&nbsp;Conservative, 12&nbsp;Liberal Democrat, 3&nbsp;Independent Democrat, 3&nbsp;Wealden Independent, 2&nbsp;Green Party and 1&nbsp;no party allegiance.<ref>{{cite web
 | title = Your Councillors
 | publisher = Wealden District Council
 | url = http://www.wealden.gov.uk/moderngov/mgMemberIndex.asp?FN=PARTY&VW=TABLE&PIC=1&J=3
 | access-date = 6 February 2008
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090806060326/http://www.wealden.gov.uk/moderngov/mgMemberIndex.asp?FN=PARTY&VW=TABLE&PIC=1&J=3
 | archive-date = 6 August 2009
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref> The Polegate councillors parties were 2&nbsp;Liberal Democrats and 1&nbsp;Independent Democrat.<ref name=district2007 />

The next tier of government is the [[East Sussex]] [[County Council]] with responsibility for education, libraries, social services, civil registration, trading standards and transport. Elections for the County Council are held every four years. For these elections Polegate is combined with [[Willingdon and Jevington|Willingdon]] and [[East Dean and Friston|East Dean]] to return two seats.<ref name=councilelection>{{cite web
 | title = County Council Election, 4 June 2009
 | publisher = East Sussex County Council
 | url = http://www.eastsussex.gov.uk/yourcouncil/localelections/electionmap/default.aspx
 | access-date = 7 June 2009
 | archive-date = 4 June 2009
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090604041105/http://www.eastsussex.gov.uk/yourcouncil/localelections/electionmap/default.aspx
 | url-status = live
 }}</ref> The 2009 East Sussex County Council election resulted in 29&nbsp;Conservatives, 13&nbsp;Liberal Democrats, 4&nbsp;Labour and 3&nbsp;Independent, of which the Polegate, Willingdon and East Dean ward provided two Independent councillors.<ref name=councilelection />

Polegate is represented in the UK Parliament by the [[Lewes (UK Parliament constituency)|Lewes]] constituency. The current serving MP is the Liberal Democrat [[James MacCleary]] who won the seat in the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]].

Prior to [[Brexit]] in 2020, the village was part of the [[South East England (European Parliament constituency)|South East England]] constituency in the [[European Parliament]].

==Economy==
[[File:High Street, Polegate - geograph.org.uk - 864059.jpg|thumb|upright|right|High Street in Polegate]]
Chaucer Industrial Business Park Estate is located on Dittons Road where the major part of Polegate's industrial businesses are located.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cartoplus.co.uk/wealden/text/17polegt.htm |title=Draft Wealden Local Plan Review |access-date=13 April 2008 |archive-date=9 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209223748/http://www.cartoplus.co.uk/wealden/text/17polegt.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> A number of small-town shops and businesses occupy the High Street, including a supermarket, hair dressers and convenience store, as well a [[Premier Inn]] hotel to the north of the town.

==Attractions==
[[File:Polegate mill.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Polegate Windmill]]
The [[Ovenden's Mill, Polegate|tower windmill]] was built in 1817. It is now a working museum.<ref name="windmill">{{Cite web |url=http://www.polegate-tc.co.uk/pages/useful_info.asp |title=Notes including the windmill |access-date=13 April 2008 |archive-date=15 February 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215210255/http://www.polegate-tc.co.uk/pages/useful_info.asp |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Old Polegate Station - geograph.org.uk - 210082.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Old Polegate Station before it was demolished in 2017]]

[[File:Polegate crossroads and carnival procession 2 - geograph.org.uk - 45066.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Polegate crossroads, Horse and Groom pub and Polegate annual carnival procession]]

==Sport and leisure==

===Recreation===
There are two recreation grounds in Polegate, The Brightling Road Recreation Ground to the east of the town and The War Memorial Recreation Ground so the south of the town in Wannock Road.
* The Brightling Road Recreation Ground, also known as the William Daily Recreation Ground, has a [[BMX]] track, a [[skate park]] and a woodland area with open ground for sports.
* The War Memorial Recreation Ground is an open field with a basketball hoop and a playground for children.

There are also two [[Sustrans]] cycle paths on the [[National Cycle Network]]: [[National Cycle Route 2|route 2]] between Dover and St Austell, and [[National Cycle Route 21|route 21]] between [[Greenwich]] and [[Eastbourne]].

===Sports clubs===
The local football team, Polegate Town FC, plays each Saturday at the War Memorial Recreational Ground. The club has two teams, with the first team playing in the [[Mid-Sussex Football League|Mid Sussex League]] Championship Division, and the second team in Division 5. The club reformed in 2006 after an absence of five years without a Polegate team. In 2008, the club moved back to the recreation ground, having played its first two seasons on Eastbourne Council pitches. The club have enjoyed various successes since reforming, most recently winning the Blacklands Finance Challenge Cup. In 2015 the club celebrated its centenary, as the earliest known Polegate team was first established in 1915: a photo of this team can be seen in the pavilion at the War Memorial Recreational Ground.

Polegate also have a successful cricket team, Polegate and Stone Cross Cricket Club, which uses the same pitch during the summer months.

==Transport==

===Rail===
The railway arrived in [[Polegate railway station|Polegate]] in 1846, built by the [[London Brighton and South Coast Railway]] on the extension from Brighton to Hastings. In 1849 branches extended to Eastbourne and Hailsham (later to Eridge). The line to [[Hailsham]] was nicknamed the [[Cuckoo Line]] by railway workers. Both that and the direct link to Hastings are now closed. The present [[Polegate railway station]] is served by [[Southern (Govia Thameslink Railway)|Southern]], with regular train services to London, Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings.

===Buses===
Bus services are provided by
* [[Brighton & Hove (bus company)|Brighton & Hove]]: [[Brighton & Hove Bus Regency Route|28]] and 11X
* Compass Travel: Route 125
* Cuckmere Buses: Routes 24, 25, 26, 43, 44 and 48
* [[Stagecoach South East]]: Routes 6, 51, 52, 53 and 54

===Other===
[[File:Cuckoo Trail between Polegate and Hailsham - geograph.org.uk - 62562.jpg|thumb|upright|right|Cuckoo Trail between Polegate and [[Hailsham]]]]
The [[long-distance footpath]], the [[Cuckoo Trail]] passes through the parish which forms part of the [[Sustrans]] [[National Cycle Route 21]] between [[Pevensey]] and [[Greenwich]], as does the [[National Cycle Route 2]] between [[Dover]] and [[St Austell]]. Both routes form part of the [[Avenue Verte]] cycle route between [[London]] and [[Paris]].

==Education==
State primary education is served by Polegate  Primary School.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040513035206/http://www.polegate.e-sussex.sch.uk/index.htm Polegate School]</ref>

==Religion==
{{main|List of current places of worship in Wealden}}
There are four churches in Polegate: the [[Church of England]] parish church, dedicated to St John;<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.polegate.org.uk/ |title=St John's Church |access-date=19 January 2008 |archive-date=24 February 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224042306/http://www.polegate.org.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the [[Roman Catholic]] church of [[St George's Church, Polegate|St George]]; a [[Seventh-day Adventist Church]]; and a [[United Reformed Church]]. Quakers also meet at the Bernard Baron Homes.

==Media==
Polegate is covered by [[BBC Sussex]], [[Seahaven FM]], [[More Radio Eastbourne]] and [[Heart South]].  Local newspapers include the ''Eastbourne Herald'', ''Eastbourne Gazette'', ''Hailsham Gazette'' and the ''Sussex Express''; all published by Beckett Newspapers. Local television news programmes are [[BBC South East Today]] and [[ITV News Meridian]].

==Twinnings==
Polegate formed a twinning association in 1981 and is [[sister city|twinned]] with two towns:<ref>[http://www.twinningpolegate.co.uk/ Polegate Twinning Association] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725094345/http://twinningpolegate.co.uk/ |date=25 July 2013 }}</ref> 
* [[Saintry-sur-Seine]], France (1991)
* [[Appen]], Germany (1981)

==Notable residents==
{{See also|Category:People from Polegate}}
* [[David Dimbleby]], television commentator, who included the town as a destination in his 2007 television series ''[[How We Built Britain]]''
* [[Denis Healey]], politician and writer
* [[Tim Rice-Oxley]] from the band [[Keane (band)|Keane]]
* [[Trevor Geer]], speedway rider and manager for the [[Eastbourne Eagles]] Speedway team

==External links==
[https://polegatetowncouncil.gov.uk/ Polegate Town Council]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Wealden}}
{{East Sussex}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in East Sussex]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in East Sussex]]
[[Category:Wealden District]]