View source for Porvenir, Chile

{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = Porvenir
| native_name             = Karukinka
| native_name_lang        = es
| settlement_type         = [[List of towns in Chile|Town]] and [[Communes of Chile|Commune]]
| image_skyline           = Porvenir-View.jpg
| image_alt               = A view of Porvenir
| image_caption           = A view of Porvenir
| image_flag              =
| image_shield            = Escudo de Porvenir.svg
| shield_alt              = Coat of arms
| image_map               = Comuna de Porvenir.svg
| map_alt                 = Map of Porvenir commune in Magallanes and Antarctica Chilena Region
| map_caption             = Map of Porvenir commune in Magallanes and Antarctica Chilena Region
| pushpin_map             = Chile
| pushpin_map_narrow = yes
| pushpin_label_position  = bottom
| pushpin_map_alt         = Location in Chile
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Chile
| coordinates             = {{coord|53|17|S|70|22|W|region:CL-MA|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name        = {{Flag|Chile}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions of Chile|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = {{Flag|Magallanes y Antártica Chilena}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces of Chile|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Chile|Tierra del Fuego]]
| established_title       = Founded
| established_date        = 1899
| founder                 =
| named_for               =
| seat_type               =
| seat                    =
| government_footnotes    = <ref name="Official">{{Cite web |url = http://www.muniporvenir.cl/ |title=Municipality of Porvenir | accessdate=3 December 2010|language=es}}</ref>
| government_type         = [[Municipality]]
| leader_party            = [[Christian Democratic Party (Chile)|Christian Democratic Party]]
| leader_title            = [[Alcalde]]
| leader_name             = Marisol Andrade Cárdenas
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_footnotes          = <ref name="INE">{{Cite web |url= http://www.ine.cl/canales/chile_estadistico/censos_poblacion_vivienda/censo_pobl_vivi.php |title= National Statistics Institute |accessdate=3 December 2010|language=es}}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = 6982.6
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             = 17
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="INE"/>
| population_total        = 5907
| population_as_of        = 2012 Census
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = Porvenireño, -a
| population_blank1_title = [[Urban area|Urban]]
| population_blank1       = 4734
| population_blank2_title = [[Rural area|Rural]]
| population_blank2       = 731
| demographics_type1      = Sex
| demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="INE"/>
| demographics1_title1    = Men
| demographics1_info1     = 3,307
| demographics1_title2    = Women
| demographics1_info2     = 2,158
| timezone               = [[Time in Chile#Time Zones|CLST]]
| utc_offset             = −3
| timezone_DST           =
| utc_offset_DST         =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Oceanic climate#Subpolar variety (Cfc, Cwc)|Cfc]]
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               = 61
| website                 = [http://www.muniporvenir.cl/ Official website] {{in lang|es}}
| footnotes               =
}}

'''Porvenir''' is the capital of both the homonymous [[List of communes in Chile|commune]] and the [[Chile]]an [[Tierra del Fuego Province, Chile|Province of Tierra del Fuego]] of the [[Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region]]. It is one of Chile's southernmost [[List of towns in Chile|towns]], and has 4,734 inhabitants, including several thousand soldiers. It is the largest settlement in the Chilean half of the island of [[Tierra del Fuego]].

Porvenir ([[Spanish language|Spanish]] for "hereafter" – literally "yet to come") was founded in 1883 by immigrants from [[Croatia]]{{fact|date=November 2022}} and [[Province of Chiloé|Chiloé]] in connection to the gold mining that preceded the larger [[Tierra del Fuego gold rush]] that started in 1884.

The main sources of income are sheep farming and small-scale fishing (wrecks in Porvenir bay prevent larger vessels from mooring). In addition there is a regiment of the [[Chilean army]] and a [[high-security prison]].  An [[abattoir]] operates for only short periods of the year.

Some gold deposits remain and are commercially mined. Porvenir also gives access to [[Cerro Sombrero, Chile|Cerro Sombrero]], an oil town, {{convert|125|km|0|abbr=on}} north-east of Porvenir.

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|align=left
|source={{cite web|url=https://www.ine.gob.cl/estadisticas/sociales/censos-de-poblacion-y-vivienda/censo-de-poblacion-y-vivienda|publisher=National Statistics Institute|title=Censo de Población y Vivienda}}
|percentages=pagr
|1930 |1793
|1940 |2844
|1952 |2654
|1970 |3796
|1982 |7219
|1992 |5104
|2002 |5465
|2017 |6801
|2024 |6809
}}
According to the 2002 [[census]] of the [[National Statistics Institute (Chile)|National Statistics Institute]], Porvenir spans an area of {{convert|6982.6|sqkm|0|abbr=on}} and has 5,465 inhabitants (3,307 men and 2,158 women). Of these, 4,734 (86.6%) lived in [[urban area]]s and 731 (13.4%) in [[rural area]]s. The population grew by 7.1% (361 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.<ref name= "INE"/>

==Administration==
As a commune, Porvenir is a third-level [[administrative division of Chile]] administered by a [[municipal council]], headed by an [[alcalde]] who is directly elected every four years. The 2016-2020 alcaldesa is Marisol Andrade Cárdenas .<ref name="Official"/>

Within the [[electoral divisions of Chile]], Porvenir is represented in the [[Chamber of Deputies of Chile|Chamber of Deputies]] by Juan Morano ([[Christian Democratic Party|PDC]]) and [[Gabriel Boric]] ([[Independent (politician)|Ind.]]) as part of the 60th electoral district, which includes the entire [[Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region]]. The commune is represented in the [[Senate of Chile|Senate]] by Carlos Bianchi Chelech (Ind.) and Carolina Goic ([[Christian Democratic Party|PDC]]) as part of the 19th senatorial constituency (Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region).

== Tourism ==
[[Image:South America southern tip pol.png|thumb|300px|left|Porvenir in Tierra del Fuego]]
Though tourism is expanding, most tourists pass Porvenir by, or use it simply as a stopover on their way farther south. There are several hotels, cyber-cafes, restaurants, and one gas station. A small grocery store is located near the Chilean army base on the upper level of the town, and there are several small stores and supermarkets elsewhere in town.

Access is by ferry or by air from [[Punta Arenas]] or by road from the Argentine side of the island. All ferries across the [[Straits of Magellan]] are run by [[Transbordadora Austral Broom S.A.|Austral Broom]], a Chilean company. One service runs once daily except Mondays from the port near Punta Arenas and reaches the ferry terminal about 3&nbsp;km from the town of Porvenir. The other service is at the northern end of the island running from [[Punta Delgada, Chile|Punta Delgada]] to Bahia Azul.

It is possible to reach the south of Chilean Tierra del Fuego from Porvenir. The southern region has several lakes and rivers available for fishing.

== Climate ==
The climate in Porvenir is a [[Oceanic climate#Subpolar variety (Cfc, Cwc)|subpolar variety]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cfc'') of the [[oceanic climate]]. Temperatures in the warmest months, January and February average {{convert|10.7|C|1}} while temperatures in the coolest month average {{convert|1.7|C|1}}. Precipitation is at around {{convert|749|mm|1}}. Also, due to its latitude, the length of the day varies tremendously across the year. Winter days can have as few as seven hours of sunlight, while summer days stretch to twenty hours. Frost occurs throughout the year, and winter temperatures can remain below freezing for relatively long periods of time. Freak snowfalls can occur even in midsummer. The highest temperature was {{convert|32.2|C|1}} in February 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.meteochile.gob.cl/2019/02/08/un-activo-verano-en-el-cono-sur/ |title=Un activo verano en el Cono Sur |last=Campos |first=Diego |date=February 8, 2019 |website=Meteochile Blog |publisher=Dirección Meteorológica de Chile |access-date=February 20, 2019 |quote=}}</ref><ref name=extremes/>

{{Weather box
|location = Porvenir (1991–2020, extremes 1986–present{{efn|Please enter the value "530005" in the parameter "Estación"}})
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan record high C = 26.7
|Feb record high C = 32.2
|Mar record high C = 26.0
|Apr record high C = 20.8
|May record high C = 14.2
|Jun record high C = 13.2
|Jul record high C = 14.9
|Aug record high C = 13.6
|Sep record high C = 18.2
|Oct record high C = 20.9
|Nov record high C = 25.2
|Dec record high C = 27.4
|year record high C =
|Jan high C = 16.5
|Feb high C = 15.8
|Mar high C = 15.4
|Apr high C = 12.4
|May high C = 8.9
|Jun high C = 6.3
|Jul high C = 5.7
|Aug high C = 7.1
|Sep high C = 10.4
|Oct high C = 12.9
|Nov high C = 14.1
|Dec high C = 16.0
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = 10.8
|Feb mean C = 10.6
|Mar mean C = 9.1
|Apr mean C = 6.8
|May mean C = 4.2
|Jun mean C = 2.1
|Jul mean C = 1.7
|Aug mean C = 2.9
|Sep mean C = 4.7
|Oct mean C = 6.7
|Nov mean C = 8.6
|Dec mean C = 10.1
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = 4.8
|Feb low C = 5.3
|Mar low C = 4.0
|Apr low C = 2.1
|May low C = 0.1
|Jun low C = -1.3
|Jul low C = -1.9
|Aug low C = -1.0
|Sep low C = -0.5
|Oct low C = 0.9
|Nov low C = 3.3
|Dec low C = 4.5
|year low C = 
|Jan record low C = -2.0
|Feb record low C = -2.2
|Mar record low C = -4.4
|Apr record low C = -5.8
|May record low C = -10.0
|Jun record low C = -10.2
|Jul record low C = -15.7
|Aug record low C = -10.8
|Sep record low C = -7.0
|Oct record low C = -4.8
|Nov record low C = -2.9
|Dec record low C = -3.0
|year record low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 86
|Feb precipitation mm = 65
|Mar precipitation mm = 74
|Apr precipitation mm = 74
|May precipitation mm = 54
|Jun precipitation mm = 47
|Jul precipitation mm = 46
|Aug precipitation mm = 49
|Sep precipitation mm = 48
|Oct precipitation mm = 56
|Nov precipitation mm = 69
|Dec precipitation mm = 81
|year precipitation mm = 
|Jan precipitation days = 15
|Feb precipitation days = 12
|Mar precipitation days = 12
|Apr precipitation days = 11
|May precipitation days = 9
|Jun precipitation days = 8
|Jul precipitation days = 9
|Aug precipitation days = 9
|Sep precipitation days = 10
|Oct precipitation days = 11
|Nov precipitation days = 13
|Dec precipitation days = 15
|year precipitation days =
|Jan humidity = 70
|Feb humidity = 71
|Mar humidity = 73
|Apr humidity = 77
|May humidity = 80
|Jun humidity = 82
|Jul humidity = 82
|Aug humidity = 79
|Sep humidity = 76
|Oct humidity = 71
|Nov humidity = 69
|Dec humidity = 69
|year humidity = 
|Jand sun = 8.4
|Febd sun = 7.8
|Mard sun = 6.6
|Aprd sun = 5.5
|Mayd sun = 4.8
|Jund sun = 4.4
|Juld sun = 4.6
|Augd sun = 5.6
|Sepd sun = 6.3
|Octd sun = 7.6
|Novd sun = 8.4
|Decd sun = 8.7
|yeard sun =
|source 1 = Climate-Data.org<ref name = "Climate-Data.org">{{cite web|url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/21749/|title = Climate: Porvenir|accessdate = 12 April 2014
|publisher = Climate-Data.org}}</ref>
|source 2 = Dirección Meteorológica de Chile (normal temperatures and extremes)<ref name=promediotemp>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230527035928/https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/promedioTemperatura30/530005/2020
| archive-date = 27 May 2023
| url = https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/promedioTemperatura30/530005/2020
| title = Temperaturas Medias y Extremas en 30 Años-Entre los años: 1991 al 2020-Nombre estación: Chacalluta, Arica Ap.
| publisher = Dirección Meteorológica de Chile
| language = es
| access-date = 27 May 2023}}</ref><ref name=extremes>{{Cite web|url=https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/requerimiento/producto/RE3002|title=Temperatura Histórica de la Estación|language=es|date=2023-05-26|publisher=Dirección Meteorológica de Chile}}</ref>
}}
=== Note ===
{{notelist}}

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center">
File:PorvenirMonumentImmigrants.jpg|Monumento a los [[Immigration to Chile|Inmigrantes]].
File:PorvenirMonumentPlazaArmas.jpg|Monumento en la Plaza de Armas.
File:PorvenirParqueYugoslavo.jpg|Parque Croata.
File:PorvenirSanFranciscoDeSales.jpg|San Francisco De Sales Church
File:Porvenir Hafen.jpg|Porvenir.
</gallery>

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{Commons category|Porvenir}}

{{Communes in Magallanes Region}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Tierra del Fuego]]
[[Category:Communes of Chile]]
[[Category:Ports and harbours of Chile]]
[[Category:Capitals of Chilean provinces]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1883]]
[[Category:Populated places in Tierra del Fuego Province, Chile]]
[[Category:Populated places in the Strait of Magellan]]