View source for Prague Metro

{{Short description|Rapid transit network in the Czech Republic}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox Public transit
| box_width = <!-- auto -->
| name = Prague Metro
| image = Prague metro logo without padding.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
| imagesize = 150px
| image2 = Malostranská station on line A, Prague Metro.jpg
| imagesize2 = 270px
| caption2 = [[Malostranská (Prague Metro)|Malostranská station]] on [[Line A (Prague Metro)|Line A]]
| native_name = ''Pražské metro''
| locale = [[Prague]], Czech Republic
| transit_type = [[Rapid transit]] (subway)
| lines = 3<ref name="company-profile" /> (plus 1 under construction)
| stations = 61<ref name="company-profile" /><ref name="Interchange-count" group="Note" />
| daily_ridership = 1.55 million (2021)
| annual_ridership = 589.2&nbsp;million <small>(2012)</small><ref name="annual-report-2012">{{cite web |url=http://www.dpp.cz/download-file/6145/annual_report_2012_en.pdf |title=Annual Report 2012 |website=DPP.cz |publisher=Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy |page=66 |year=2012 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053507/http://www.dpp.cz/download-file/6145/annual_report_2012_en.pdf |archive-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| website = {{url|https://www.dpp.cz/en|dpp.cz}}
| operator = ''{{interlanguage link|Dopravní podnik hl. m. Prahy|lt=Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy|cs}}''<br />(Prague Public Transit Company, joint-stock company)
| began_operation = 9 May 1974 (Line C) <br>12 August 1978 (Line A) <br>2 November 1985 (Line B)<ref name="company-history" />
| vehicles = 730<ref name="data" />
| train_length = 5 cars
| system_length = {{convert|65.4|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dpp.cz/cs/data/Výročn%C3%AD%20zprávy/DPP_VYROCNI_ZPRAVA_2021_ANG.pdf|title=DPP Diary 2021|website=DPP.cz |publisher=Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy}}</ref>
| el = {{750 V DC|conductor=y}}
| average_speed = {{convert|36|km/h|mph}}
| top_speed = {{convert|80|km/h|mph}}
| track_gauge = {{Track gauge|sg|lk=on}}
| map = {{Prague Metro route diagram}}
| map_state = collapsed
}}
The '''Prague Metro''' ({{langx|cs|Pražské metro}}) is the [[rapid transit]] network of [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]. Founded in 1974,<ref name="company-history">{{cite web |title=History |url=http://www.dpp.cz/en/history/ |access-date=11 September 2013 |publisher=Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy |archive-date=19 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819131737/http://www.dpp.cz/en/history/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the system consists of three lines ([[Line A (Prague Metro)|A]], [[Line B (Prague Metro)|B]] and [[Line C (Prague Metro)|C]]) serving 61 stations<ref name="Interchange-count" group="Note">Counting the three interchange stations, [[Můstek]], [[Muzeum (Prague Metro)|Muzeum]], and [[Florenc (Prague Metro)|Florenc]], twice. If they are counted only once, the total number of stations is 58.</ref> (predominantly with island platforms), and is {{convert|65.2|km|mi}} long.<ref name="company-profile">{{cite web |url=http://www.dpp.cz/en/company-profile/ |title=Company Profile |publisher=Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy |access-date=3 July 2015 |archive-date=24 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124203056/http://www.dpp.cz/en/company-profile/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The system served 568 million passengers in 2021 (about 1.55 million daily).<ref name="annual-report-2021">{{cite web |url=https://www.tsk-praha.cz/static/udi-rocenka-2021-cz.pdf |title=Annual Report 2021 |website=DPP.cz |publisher=Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy |page=22 |year=2021 |access-date=19 February 2023 |archive-date=1 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601111917/https://www.tsk-praha.cz/static/udi-rocenka-2021-cz.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Two types of rolling stock are used on the Metro: the [[:cs:Souprava_metra_81-71M|81-71M]] (a completely modernized variant of the original [[81-717/714|81-717/714.1]]), and the [[Metro M1 (Prague)|Metro M1]]. All the lines are controlled automatically from the central dispatching, near [[I. P. Pavlova (Prague Metro)|I.P. Pavlova]] station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idnes.cz/technet/reportaze/podivejte-se-jak-se-ridi-provoz-prazskeho-metra.A070905_182049_software_rja|title=Podívejte se, jak se řídí provoz pražského metra|date=18 October 2007|website=Mladá fronta DNES|access-date=22 July 2019}}</ref> The Metro is operated by the Prague Public Transit Company ({{interlanguage link|Dopravní podnik hl. m. Prahy|lt=Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy|cs}}, DPP), and integrated in the [[Prague Integrated Transport]] (''Pražská integrovaná doprava'', PID) system.

{{Clear|left}}

==Basic information==
[[File:Prague_metro_plan_2015.svg|thumb|300px|Prague Metro map]] 
The Prague Metro has three lines and one "Line D" under construction, each represented by its own colour on the maps and signs: Line A (green, 17 stations, {{Cvt|17|km|4=1}}), Line B (yellow, 24 stations, {{Cvt|26|km|4=1}}) and Line C (red, 20 stations, {{Cvt|22|km|4=1}}). There are 58 [[metro station|stations]] in total (three of which are transfer stations) connected by nearly 66 kilometres of mostly underground railways. Service operates from 4–5&nbsp;am until midnight, with two- to three-minute intervals between trains during [[rush hour]]s and four to ten minutes between trains at other times.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.praguecityline.cz/doprava-v-praze/mestska-hromadna-doprava-v-praze|title=Městská hromadná doprava v Praze|website=Prague City Line|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-date=1 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801224312/http://www.praguecityline.cz/doprava-v-praze/mestska-hromadna-doprava-v-praze|url-status=live}}</ref> Nearly 600&nbsp;million passengers use the Prague Metro every year (about 1.6&nbsp;million daily).

The system is run by the Prague Public Transit Company Co. Inc. (Czech: ''{{interlanguage link|Dopravní podnik hl. m. Prahy|lt=Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy a.s.|cs}}'', DPP), which also manages the other means of public transport around the city, including the [[Prague tram system|trams]], [[Buses in Prague|buses]], five ferries, the [[Petřín funicular|funicular]] to [[Petřín Hill]], and the chairlift inside the [[Prague Zoo]].

Since 1993, the system has been connected to [[Esko Prague|commuter trains]] and buses, and also to "[[park-and-ride]]" parking lots. Together, they form an extensive public transportation network reaching further from the city, called [[Prague Integrated Transport]] (Czech: ''Pražská integrovaná doprava'', PID). Whilst the large system is zonally priced, the Metro is entirely inside the central zone.

Many stations are quite large, with several entrances spaced relatively far apart. This can often lead to confusion for those unfamiliar with the system{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}, especially at the central hubs such as Můstek or Muzeum. In general the stations are well signposted even for those unfamiliar with the [[Czech language]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zpravy.aktualne.cz/domaci/prazske-metro-je-na-tom-dobre-lepe-nez-to-v-moskve/r~02d93af00da111e4a54c0025900fea04/|title=Rozdíl mezi metrem v Praze a Moskvě? Hlavně v modernizaci|date=17 July 2014|website=Aktuálně.cz|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-date=22 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722090804/https://zpravy.aktualne.cz/domaci/prazske-metro-je-na-tom-dobre-lepe-nez-to-v-moskve/r~02d93af00da111e4a54c0025900fea04/|url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Clear|left}}

==System layout and stations==
{{Main|List of Prague Metro stations}}
[[File:Praha, Muzeum, pohled zhora.JPG|thumb|234x234px|[[Muzeum (Prague Metro)|Muzeum]] station on [[Line C (Prague Metro)|Line C]]]]
[[File:Nemocnice Motol metro 2.JPG|left|thumb|[[Nemocnice Motol (Prague Metro)|Nemocnice Motol]] (Motol Hospital) station on [[Line A (Prague Metro)|Line A]]]]

The Prague Metro system is radial, with each line [[through service|running through]] the city centre from termini in the outskirts; however, the lines do not meet at a single central station. Rather, the three lines form a triangle in the centre of the city, with three [[interchange station]]s at the vertices of the triangle: [[Florenc (Prague Metro)|Florenc]], [[Můstek]], and [[Muzeum (Prague Metro)|Muzeum]]. Each interchange station has two halls, one hall for each line. 

The depth of the stations (and the connecting lines) varies considerably. The deepest station is [[Náměstí Míru (Prague Metro)|Náměstí Míru]], located {{convert|52|m|ft}} under the ground. Parts of the tracks in the city centre were mostly bored using a [[tunnelling shield]]. Outer parts were dug by a [[cut-and-cover]] method, and these stations are only a few metres under the surface. Part of Line B runs in a glassed-in tunnel above the ground.

Most stations have a single island [[railway platform|platform]] in the centre of the station hall (tunnel) serving both directions. The sub-surface stations have a straight ceiling sometimes supported by columns, while the deep-level stations are larger tunnels with the track tunnels on each side. The walls of many stations are decorated using coloured aluminium panels; each station has its own colour. Some stations are considered among the finest in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idnes.cz/cestovani/kolem-sveta/nejkrasnejsi-stanice-metra-na-svete.A140207_141104_kolem-sveta_skr|title=Mezi nejkrásnější stanice metra v Evropě patří podle CNN i Staroměstská|date=9 February 2014|website=Mladá fronta DNES|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-date=11 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511114602/https://www.idnes.cz/cestovani/kolem-sveta/nejkrasnejsi-stanice-metra-na-svete.A140207_141104_kolem-sveta_skr|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Prague Metro
|-
! Line
! Color
! Opened
! Year of<br />last expansion
! Route
! Length
! Stations
|- 
| [[Line A (Prague Metro)|Line A]] 
| style="color:black; background-color:#51b848"|Green 
| style="text-align:center"|1978<ref name="company-history" /> 
| style="text-align:center"|2015<ref name="LinkaA">{{cite web |author=Tomáš Rejdal |url=http://metroweb.cz/metro/stanice/linka_a.htm |title=Linka A |website=metroweb.cz |language=cs |access-date=6 April 2015 |archive-date=10 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200910163454/https://metroweb.cz/metro/stanice/linka_a.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
| [[Nemocnice Motol]] ↔ [[Depo Hostivař]]<ref name="LinkaA" />
| {{convert|17.1|km|mi||abbr=on}}<ref name="LinkaA" /><!--<ref name=track-length/> -->
| style="text-align:center"|17<ref name="LinkaA" />
|- 
| [[Line B (Prague Metro)|Line B]] 
| style="color:black; background-color:#ffd400"|Yellow 
| style="text-align:center"|1985<ref name="company-history" /> 
| style="text-align:center"|1998
| [[Zličín (Prague Metro)|Zličín]] ↔ [[Černý Most (Prague Metro)|Černý Most]] 
| {{convert|25.6|km|mi||abbr=on}}<ref name=track-length>{{cite web |url=http://www.praha.eu/jnp/en/transport/getting_around/metro/index.html |title=Metro |website=Praha.eu |access-date=18 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201215340/http://www.praha.eu/jnp/en/transport/getting_around/metro/index.html |archive-date=1 February 2014 }}</ref> 
| style="text-align:center"|24 
|- 
| [[Line C (Prague Metro)|Line C]] 
| style="color:black; background-color:#ef4130"|Red 
| style="text-align:center"|1974<ref name="company-history" /> 
| style="text-align:center"|2008
| [[Letňany (Prague Metro)|Letňany]] ↔ [[Háje (Prague Metro)|Háje]] 
| {{convert|21.4|km|mi||abbr=on}}<ref name=track-length/> 
| style="text-align:center"|20 
|- 
| [[Line D (Prague Metro)|Line D]] 
| style="color:black; background-color:#0aa2ee"|Blue 
| style="text-align:center"|Scheduled for 2031<ref name="company-history" /> 
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
| [[Náměstí Míru (Prague Metro)|Náměstí Míru]] ↔ [[Depo Písnice (Prague Metro)|Depo Písnice]]
| {{convert|0|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=track-length/> 
| style="text-align:center"|(10 expected when opened in 2031)
|- 
| colspan="5" style="text-align:center"|'''Total'''
| '''{{convert|63.1|km|mi|abbr=on}}'''<ref name="company-profile" />
| style="text-align:center"|'''61'''<ref name="company-profile" />
|}

{{Clear}}

==Rolling stock==
[[File:Metro Praha, 2004.JPG|thumb|left|upright=1.1|Metro M1 train on a test track]]
[[File:Metro Praha.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|81-71M train]]
[[File:Metro M1 in Prague.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|left|Inside a Metro M1 car]]
[[File:13-12-31-metro-praha-by-RalfR-039.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Inside an 81-71M car]]

===Metro M1===
[[Metro M1 (Prague)|Metro M1]] trains have operated on [[Line C (Prague Metro)|Line C]] since 2000; they completely replaced older cars on this line in 2003. DPP owns 265 of these cars, which form 53 five-car trains.<ref name="data">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dpp.cz/dpp-v-datech/#vozovy-park|title=dpp.cz > Dopravní podnik hl. m. Prahy v datech|website=Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-date=22 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422013049/http://www.dpp.cz/dpp-v-datech/#vozovy-park|url-status=live}}</ref> These cars were developed specially for Prague, and were manufactured there between 2000 and 2003 by a [[consortium]] consisting of [[ČKD (company)|ČKD Praha]], [[ADtranz]] and [[Siemens Mobility|Siemens]] (during the contract, Siemens acquired ČKD Praha). The total length of the train is {{Convert|96.66|m|ftin}}, the [[acceleration]] is {{Cvt|1.3|m/s2}}, and the total capacity of the train is 1,464 people (224 sitting, 1,240 standing).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metroweb.cz/metro/M1/M1.htm|title=Metroweb.cz :: Souprava M1|website=metroweb.cz|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-date=11 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811073312/https://metroweb.cz/metro/M1/M1.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> This unit was also adapted for use in Venezuela on the [[Maracaibo Metro]].

===81-71M===
81-71M trains are a modernized variant of the old Soviet [[81-717/714|81-717]] trains with new [[traction motor]]s, technical equipment, interiors, and exteriors. They have operated on Lines [[Line A (Prague Metro)|A]] and [[Line B (Prague Metro)|B]] since 1996. The modernization was conducted by [[Škoda Transportation]] and [[ČKD (company)|ČKD]] between 1996 and 2011. DPP owns 465 81-71M cars, which form 93 five-car trains.<ref name="data" /> The total length of the train is {{Convert|96.11|m|ftin}}, and the acceleration is identical to that of the Metro M1 cars, at {{Cvt|1.3|m/s2}}. Similar reconstructions were also made on the [[Tbilisi Metro]] and [[Yerevan Metro]], as well as a near-identical version exported to [[Kyiv Metro|Kyiv]] from [[Metrowagonmash]] as part of the Slavutich project, designated 81-553.1, 81–554.1 and 81-555.1.

===Previously in service===
{{Unreferenced section|date=June 2024}}
* [[81-717/714|81-71]], old Soviet trains manufactured by [[Metrovagonmash]] were gradually phased out and replaced by the modernized versions. Their service ended on 2 July 2009. One vehicle is stored in the Museum of Prague public transport, while one fully-operational train of five cars stays in the Zličín (B) depot for special occasions.
* [[Ečs]], Soviet trains manufactured by Metrovagonmash, that ran on Line C, in service from 1974 to 1997. One vehicle is also stored in the [[Prague Public Transport Museum]], while one fully-operational train of three cars is stored in the Zličín (B) depot.

{{Clear}}

==History==

[[File:Ladislav Rott podzemni draha 1898.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Ladislav Rott's proposal to the Prague City Council]]
[[File:13-12-31-metro-praha-by-RalfR-122.jpg|thumb|[[Ládví (Prague Metro)|Ládví]], Line C|left]]
[[File:Praha - Metro - Vyšehrad (7504036786).jpg|thumb|[[Vyšehrad (Prague Metro)|Vyšehrad]] station on [[Line C (Prague Metro)|Line C]]]]
[[File:Praha rajska zahrada 6.jpg|thumb|For its unorthodox three-level platform design, [[Rajská zahrada (Prague Metro)|Rajská zahrada]] station was named Czech Building of the Year in 1999.]]
Although the Prague Metro system is relatively new, the idea of underground transport in Prague dates back many years. The first proposal to build a sub-surface railway was made by Ladislav Rott in 1898. He encouraged the city council to take advantage of the fact that parts of the central city were already being dug up for sewer work. Rott wanted them to start digging tunnels for the railway at the same time. However, the plan was denied by the city authorities. Another proposal in 1926, by [[Bohumil Belada]] and [[Vladimír List]], was the first to use the term "Metro", and though it was not accepted either, it served as an impulse for moving towards a real solution of the rapidly developing transport in Prague.

In the 1930s and 1940s, intensive projection and planning works took place, taking into account two possible solutions: an underground tramway (regular rolling stock going underground in the city center, nowadays described as a "[[premetro]]", "[[Stadtbahn]]" or "subway-surface line") and a "true" metro having its own independent system of railways. After [[World War II]], all work was stopped due to the poor economic situation of the country, although the three lines, A, B and C, had been almost fully designed.

In the early 1960s the concept of the sub-surface tramway was finally accepted and on 9 August 1967 the building of the first station ([[Hlavní nádraží (Prague Metro)|Hlavní nádraží]]) started. However, in the same year, a substantial change in the concept came, as the government, under the influence of Soviet advisers, decided to build a true metro system instead of an underground tramway. Thus, during the first years, the construction continued while the whole project was conceptually transformed. During the construction of the metro, a Czech rolling stock manufacturer, ČKD Tatra Smíchov, was charged with designing the trains. Two prototype two-car units under the name R1 were constructed in 1970 and 1971 and were used for field testing. However, the then-Czechoslovak government decided instead to order the trains for the underground from the Soviet Union (which would soon become Ečs, part of the Soviet "E" series, standing for "E Czechoslovak"). The R1 rolling stock would later be scrapped in the 1980s, near the end of the Cold War.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://metro.angrenost.cz/rolling_stock.php|title=::Prague Metro - rolling stock::|access-date=18 January 2022|archive-date=1 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201015404/http://metro.angrenost.cz/rolling_stock.php|url-status=live}}</ref> Regular service on the first section of Line C began on 9 May 1974 between Sokolovská (now [[Florenc]]) and [[Kačerov]] stations.<ref name="company-history" />

Since then, many extensions have been built and the number of lines has risen to three.

On 22 February 1990, 13 station names reflecting mostly communist ideology were changed to be politically neutral. For example, Leninova station, which contained a giant bust of [[Vladimir Lenin]] before the [[Velvet Revolution]], was renamed [[Dejvická]] after a nearby street and surrounding neighbourhood. Other changes were: Dukelská – Nové Butovice, Švermova – Jinonice, Moskevská – Anděl, Sokolovská – Florenc, Fučíkova – Nádraží Holešovice, Gottwaldova – Vyšehrad, Mládežnická – Pankrác, Primátora Vacka – Roztyly, Budovatelů – Chodov, Družby – Opatov, Kosmonautů – Háje.<ref>{{cite web|title=Historie metra ve zkratce dle jednotlivých let|url=http://www.metroweb.cz/metro/historie-metra.htm|website=Metroweb.cz}}</ref>

[[File:Prague metro plan 2002 floods.svg|thumb|left|Extent of flooding in the Metro network in 2002]]
[[File:Národní třída, stanice metra, eskalátory (01).jpg|thumb|Escalators at [[Národní třída (Prague Metro)|Národní třída]]]]
In August 2002, the system suffered disastrous flooding that struck parts of [[Bohemia]] and other areas in Central Europe (see [[2002 European flood]]). 19 stations were flooded, causing a partial collapse of the transport system in Prague; the damage to the Metro has been estimated at approximately 7&nbsp;billion [[Czech koruna|CZK]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Povodně 2002: Voda zaplavila 18 stanic metra, zavřela je až na půl roku |url=https://praha.idnes.cz/povodne-2002-voda-zaplavila-18-stanic-metra-f0u-/praha-zpravy.aspx?c=A120814_1816326_praha-zpravy_sfo |work=Mladá fronta DNES |date=14 August 2012 |archive-date=7 September 2018 |access-date=7 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907144533/https://praha.idnes.cz/povodne-2002-voda-zaplavila-18-stanic-metra-f0u-/praha-zpravy.aspx?c=A120814_1816326_praha-zpravy_sfo |url-status=live }}</ref> (over US$225&nbsp;million in exchange rate at that time). The affected sections of the Metro stayed out of service for several months; the last station ([[Křižíkova]], located in the most-damaged area – Karlín) reopened in March 2003. Small gold plates have been placed at some stations to show the highest water level of the flood.
Service was suspended between:
* [[Radlická (Prague Metro)|Radlická]] and [[Kolbenova]] on Line B
* [[Malostranská]] and [[Náměstí Míru]] on Line A
* [[Hlavní nádraží (Prague Metro)|Hlavní nádraží]] and [[Nádraží Holešovice (Prague Metro)|Nádraží Holešovice]] on Line C (before the extension to [[Ládví (Prague Metro)|Ládví]] in 2004 and to [[Letňany (Prague Metro)|Letňany]] in 2008)

A number of stations were closed due to [[2013 European floods|flooding in June 2013]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.radio.cz/en/section/news/news-2013-06-02 |title=Prague authorities close metro stations amidst fears of flooding |work=[[Radio Prague]] |date=2 June 2013 |access-date=7 January 2014 |archive-date=7 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107132240/http://www.radio.cz/en/section/news/news-2013-06-02 |url-status=live }}</ref> Replacement trams ran between [[Dejvická]] and [[Muzeum]] on Line A and [[Českomoravská]] and [[Smíchovské nádraží (Prague Metro)|Smíchovské nádraží]] on Line B, and replacement buses between [[Kobylisy (Prague Metro)|Kobylisy]] and [[Muzeum]] on Line C due to closed sections of the track.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://praguemonitor.com/2013/06/04/another-4-metro-stations-closed-over-floods-prague |title=Another 4 metro stations closed over floods in Prague |work=Prague Monitor |date=4 June 2013 |access-date=7 January 2014 |archive-date=7 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107132214/http://praguemonitor.com/2013/06/04/another-4-metro-stations-closed-over-floods-prague |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Extensions==
[[File:Prague metro extension.gif|thumb|Prague Metro extensions]]
After regular service on the first section of Line C began in 1974 between [[Florenc]] and [[Kačerov]], building of extensions continued quite rapidly. In 1978, Line A was opened, and Line B opened in 1985, thus forming the triangle with three crossing points.<ref name="urbanr"/> Since then, the lines have been extended outwards from the center.

In 1980 and 1990, Line A was extended eastward from [[Náměstí Míru]] to [[Želivského]] and [[Skalka (Prague Metro)|Skalka]]. [[Line B (Prague Metro)|Line B]] was extended from [[Nové Butovice (Prague Metro)|Nové Butovice]] to [[Zličín (Prague Metro)|Zličín]] in 1994 and from [[Českomoravská]] to [[Černý Most (Prague Metro)|Černý Most]] in 1998, and the [[Kolbenova]] and [[Hloubětín (Prague Metro)|Hloubětín]] stations were opened in 2001. Expansion of [[Line C (Prague Metro)|Line C]] was carried out in 1980 ([[Kačerov]] – [[Háje (Prague Metro)|Háje]]) and 1984 ([[Florenc (Prague Metro)|Florenc]] – [[Nádraží Holešovice (Prague Metro)|Nádraží Holešovice]]).<ref name="urbanr"/>

[[File:Praha, Střížkov, stanice metra Střížkov, konstrukce stanice.jpg|thumb|left|Střížkov station, Line C]]
[[File:Praha, Prosek, stanice metra Prosek, vlak II.jpg|thumb|left|Prosek station, Line C]]
A northern extension of Line C was opened on 26 June 2004, with two more stations, [[Kobylisy]] and [[Ládví (Prague Metro)|Ládví]].<ref name="urbanr">{{cite web|title=Prague (Praha) Metro|url=http://www.urbanrail.net/eu/cz/praha/praha.htm|website=Urbanrail.net|access-date=3 August 2017|archive-date=11 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011175344/http://urbanrail.net/eu/cz/praha/praha.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> New tunnels were built under the [[Vltava]] river using a unique "ejecting-tunnels" technology. First, a trench was excavated in the riverbed and the concrete tunnels constructed in dry docks on the riverbank. Then the docks were flooded, and the floating tunnels were moved as a rigid complex to their final position, sunk, anchored, and covered.

Line A was extended to the east on 26 May 2006, when a new terminus, [[Depo Hostivař]], opened. The station was constructed within the railway depot.<ref name="urbanr"/>

Line C was extended to the northeast to connect the city center to the [[panelák|housing blocks]] at [[Prosek (Prague)|Prosek]] and a large shopping center at Letňany. Three stations ([[Střížkov (Prague Metro)|Střížkov]], [[Prosek (Prague Metro)|Prosek]], and Letňany) opened on 8 May 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=Metrostav – Completed projects|url=http://en.metrostav.cz/en/references/completed_projects|website=Metrostav.cz|language=cs}}</ref>

In April 2015, Line A was extended westward from Dejvická to Nemocnice Motol with four new stations: [[Bořislavka]], [[Nádraží Veleslavín (Prague Metro)|Nádraží Veleslavín]], [[Petřiny (Prague Metro)|Petřiny]], and [[Nemocnice Motol]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Permanent Changes to the PIT System as of the 7th April 2015|url=http://www.dpp.cz/en/transit-restrictions/permanent-changes-to-the-pit-system-as-of-the-7th-april-2015/|website=Dpp.cz}}</ref> The Nádraží Veleslavín station is also the new terminus of the 119 bus to [[Václav Havel Airport Prague|Václav Havel Airport]].

Plans for an extension to the airport have been proposed, but never put into action. According to estimates from 2018 the project would cost about 26.8&nbsp;billion crowns and take 11 years to complete.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-02-15|title=Prague Makes Plans for Airport Metro Extension|url=https://cz.citymedia.network/prague/features/prague-makes-plans-airport-metro-extension/|access-date=2021-05-04|website=PragueLife! Magazine}}</ref>

==Future plans==
Another phase of the extension of Line A was planned from Nemocnice Motol to the Václav Havel Airport, but it is very likely that this extension will not be built and the airport will be serviced by a new railway instead.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.e15.cz/domaci/krnacova-praha-neuvazuje-o-prodlouzeni-metra-a-na-letiste-1166243|title=Krnáčová: Praha neuvažuje o prodloužení metra A na letiště|website=E15.cz|date=24 February 2015 |access-date=22 July 2019|archive-date=11 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811102748/https://www.e15.cz/domaci/krnacova-praha-neuvazuje-o-prodlouzeni-metra-a-na-letiste-1166243|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Line D===
{{Main|Line D (Prague Metro)}}
{{update|date=June 2025}}

There are plans to build a new line, [[Line D (Prague Metro)|Line D]] (blue), which will connect the city centre to southern parts of the city. According to current plans, the line will run for 11 kilometers and start in the city center and lead to [[Vršovice]], [[Krč]], [[Libuš]], and [[Písnice]].<ref name="track-length" /> There will be 10 stations: Náměstí Míru (transfer to Line A), Náměstí bratří Synků, Pankrác (transfer to Line C), Olbrachtova, Nádraží Krč, Nemocnice Krč, Nové Dvory, Libuš, Písnice and Depo Písnice. Line D is very important for improving the traffic situation in the southern and southeastern part of the city. In the second stage it is planned to extend this line from Pankrác to [[Náměstí Míru (Prague Metro)|Náměstí Míru]] (Peace Square). The first part of Line D is planned to be built between 2022 and 2029.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idnes.cz/praha/zpravy/vystavba-metra-d-vyjde-na-45-miliard-korun.A150325_162011_praha-zpravy_bur|title=Metro D bude za 45 miliard, říká projekt. Počítá se stavbou v roce 2017|date=25 March 2015|website=Mladá fronta DNES|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-date=11 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511114534/https://www.idnes.cz/praha/zpravy/vystavba-metra-d-vyjde-na-45-miliard-korun.A150325_162011_praha-zpravy_bur|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Přestup na Pankráci s novou tváří. Za pár měsíců se může stanice úplně změnit|url=http://byznys.lidovky.cz/nova-podoba-klicove-stanice-metra-pankrac-jak-ji-zmeni-soutez-vytvarniku-1qy-/doprava.aspx?c=a170612_151713_ln-doprava_pave|website=Lidové noviny|date=13 June 2017|archive-date=17 July 2017|access-date=22 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170717073035/http://byznys.lidovky.cz/nova-podoba-klicove-stanice-metra-pankrac-jak-ji-zmeni-soutez-vytvarniku-1qy-/doprava.aspx?c=A170612_151713_ln-doprava_pave|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Line E ===<!-- Line is no longer included in future planning for the Metro. |-
| style="background: purple;color:white;" | Line E
| style="text-align: left;" | Line E (Linka E)
| Proposed circle line{{citation needed|date=December 2012}} -->
There are also plans for Line E, which will probably be circular. The exact route has not yet been determined. In the beginning of the 21st century, there were discussions regarding it in the connection with plans to organise the [[Summer Olympic Games]] in Prague, which were however canceled.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}} The ''Praha sobě'' list endorsed the idea of a circular metro line during the run-up to the 2022 Prague municipal election.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zpravy.aktualne.cz/ekonomika/doprava/praha-sobe-navrhne-proverit-vybudovani-okruzni-linky-metra-o/r~f0e2a6988a6f11ec8b18ac1f6b220ee8/|title=Nová okružní linka metra O. Překvapivý plán pražských politiků by měl ulevit centru|website=Aktuálně.cz|date=10 February 2022}}</ref>

==Features==
[[File:Můstek oblouky.jpg|thumb|left|A medieval bridge in Můstek station]]
[[File:Praha - Metro - Náměstí Míru (7173410155).jpg|thumb|upright|The longest escalator in the EU at [[Náměstí Míru]]]]
The name of the [[Můstek]] station means "little bridge"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mustek Metro Station in Prague - Attraction|url=https://www.frommers.com/destinations/prague/attractions/mustek-metro-station|access-date=2021-05-04|website=Frommer's|archive-date=11 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811134005/https://www.frommers.com/destinations/prague/attractions/mustek-metro-station|url-status=live}}</ref> and refers to the area around the station. The origin of the area's name was not known until remains of a medieval bridge were discovered during construction of the station. The remains were incorporated into the station and can be seen near the northwestern exit of the station.

The escalators at [[Náměstí Míru]] (Peace Square) station in [[Vinohrady]] are the longest escalators in the European Union (length 87 m, vertical span 43.5 m, 533 steps, taking 2 minutes and 15 seconds to ascend).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eurozoid.com/place/206217352792370/N%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD-M%C3%ADru|title=Náměstí Míru, Prague|access-date=22 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thyssenkrupp-elevator.de/Prag.268.0.html|title=Company |publisher=ThyssenKrupp Elevator |access-date=24 October 2013}}</ref> Náměstí Míru is also the deepest station in the European Union, at 53 metres.

Between [[I. P. Pavlova]] and [[Vyšehrad (Prague Metro)|Vyšehrad]] stations, Line C runs inside the box structure of the large [[Nusle Bridge]] over a steep valley.
[[File:Prague 07-2016 Metro img5 LineB Andel.jpg|left|thumb|[[Anděl (Prague Metro)|Anděl]] (Angel) station on [[Line B (Prague Metro)|Line B]]]]
The terminal station [[Depo Hostivař]] was constructed within the buildings of an existing railway depot. The extension is the first segment of the system to be built above ground and not through a tunnel. There are no reversing tracks in the terminus; trains depart from the same track on which they arrive.

[[Anděl (Prague Metro)|Anděl]] station was known as Moskevská (Moscow station) until 1990. It opened on the same day in 1985 as the [[Prazhskaya]] (Prague) station on the [[Moscow Metro]]. It contains several pieces of art promoting Soviet-Czechoslovak friendship. Anděl station, like the [[Praha-Smíchov railway station|Smíchov train station]], contains some of the best-preserved examples of Communist-era art remaining in Prague. Works were carried out from 2014-15 to make the station accessible for wheelchair users.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.expats.cz/weekly-czech-news/andel-metro-gets-a-street-art-makeover/|title = Anděl Metro Gets a Street Art Makeover|date = 14 July 2015}}</ref>

The entrance hall of the Hradčanská station still features the coat of arms of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the motto ''Všechna moc v Československé socialistické republice patří pracujícímu lidu'' ("All the power in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic belongs to the working people"), which were parts of the station's original [[socialist realism|socialist-realist]] design.

During the communist period, rumours circulated that large and palatial "[[fallout shelter|survival chambers]]" were being built for high officials of the government in case of a nuclear attack. After the fall of communism such areas were shown indeed to exist, but on neither the scale nor the luxury envisioned.

==Tickets==
[[File:Prague Metro ticket validation.jpg|thumb|150px|upright|Validating a ticket using the date and time stamp machine]]
The Prague Metro operates on a [[proof-of-payment]] system, as does the rest of the PID network. Passengers must buy and validate a ticket before entering a station's paid area. There are uniformed and plainclothes fare inspectors who randomly check passengers' tickets within the paid area.

Basic single tickets cost 40 [[Czech koruna|CZK]] (as of 1 August 2021) for a 90-minute ride or 30 CZK for a 30-minute ride. In November 2007 [[Mobile ticketing#SMS purchase|SMS purchase]] for basic single transfer tickets and day tickets was introduced (available only from Czech mobile phones).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/novelty-on-prague-transport-system-tickets-by-sms|title=Novelty on Prague transport system: tickets by SMS|website=[[Radio Prague]]|date=22 November 2007|access-date=7 January 2014|archive-date=7 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107105109/http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/novelty-on-prague-transport-system-tickets-by-sms|url-status=live}}</ref>

Short-term tourist passes are available for periods of 24 hours (120 CZK) and 3 days (330 CZK). As of 2019, single tickets and short term passes can be purchased online using the PID Lítačka smartphone app. Since April 2019 single and 24hour tickets can be also bought on board of every tram<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.railtech.com/policy/2019/05/08/prague-equips-all-trams-with-ticket-machines/ |title=Prague equips all trams with ticket machines |website=RailTech.com |date=8 May 2019 |access-date=31 January 2020}}</ref> and in all metro stations,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dpp.cz/en/company/news-and-events/detail/342_981-dpp-expands-the-network-of-contactless-terminals-into-the-metro-you-will-now-check-the-validity-of-your-fixed-period-coupons-through-them |title=DPP expands the network of contactless terminals into the metro. You will now check the validity of your fixed-period coupons through them |website=dpp.cz |date=30 June 2019 |access-date=31 January 2020 |archive-date=31 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131115626/https://www.dpp.cz/en/company/news-and-events/detail/342_981-dpp-expands-the-network-of-contactless-terminals-into-the-metro-you-will-now-check-the-validity-of-your-fixed-period-coupons-through-them |url-status=live }}</ref> using [[contactless payment]], including payment apps like [[Google Wallet|Google Pay]] or [[Apple Pay]]. Such tickets are already validated from the time of purchase.

Longer-term season tickets can be bought on the smart ticketing system [[Lítačka]] card, for periods of one month (550 CZK), three months (1480 CZK) or the annual pass for 3650 CZK (10 CZK/day).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dpp.cz/jizdne-na-uzemi-prahy/ |title=Jízdné na území Prahy |publisher=Dopravní podnik hlavnívo města Prahy |language=cs |access-date=24 October 2013 |archive-date=19 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119031959/http://www.dpp.cz/jizdne-na-uzemi-prahy/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Students studying in the Czech republic with a valid student license [[International Student Identity Card|ISIC]], children under 18 years old, and seniors over 60 years of age can buy season tickets at reduced prices. Reduced ticket prices are: 130 CZK for 30 days, 360 CZK for 90 days, and 1280 CZK for a year.

Senior citizens aged 65 or older and children up to 14 years old can ride for free.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dpp.cz/en/fares/fare-pricelist#1-4|title = Fare pricelist|website= Prague Public Transit Company}}</ref>

The tickets are the same for all means of transport in Prague (metro, trams, buses, funiculars and ferries).

==Announcements==
[[File:Metro Prague Praha Prag – Ukončete, prosím, výstup a nástup, dveře se zavírají.ogg|thumb|right|„Ukončete, prosím, výstup a nástup, dveře se zavírají. Příští stanice: Staroměstská." Line A, ''Můstek'' station.]]
The announcement made through the public address system when the doors are closing, "''Ukončete, prosím, výstup a nástup, dveře se zavírají''" ("Please finish exiting and boarding, the doors are closing") has become a symbol of Prague for many tourists{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}, and is possibly the first clear Czech phrase many travelers hear. The announcement has changed little since 1974, when the first line was opened; the original version did not include the word "please". The announcements are voiced by {{interlanguage link|Světlana Lavičková|cs}} on Line A, by {{interlanguage link|Eva Jurinová|cs}} on Line B, and by {{interlanguage link|Tomáš Černý (presenter)|lt=Tomáš Černý|cs|Tomáš Černý (redaktor)}} on Line C.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.prozeny.cz/magazin/zdravi-a-zivotni-styl/zaujalo-nas/19346-hlasy-z-metra-i-vlaku-ci-jsou|title=HLASY Z METRA I VLAKŮ: ČÍ JSOU?|access-date=22 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621220226/http://www.prozeny.cz/magazin/zdravi-a-zivotni-styl/zaujalo-nas/19346-hlasy-z-metra-i-vlaku-ci-jsou|archive-date=21 June 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Other announcements include: "''Vystupujte vpravo ve směru jízdy''" ("Exit on the right side in the direction of travel"), "''Konečná stanice, prosíme, vystupte''" ("Terminal station, please exit the train"), and "''Přestup na linky S a další vlakové spoje''" ("Transfer to S lines and other railway connections").

== Gallery ==

=== Examples of stations on Line A ===
<gallery>
File:Borislavka (03).jpg|[[Bořislavka (Prague Metro)|Bořislavka]] station
File:Hradčanská, východ z metra.jpg|New entrance to Hradčanská station
File:Metro Můstek A.jpg|Můstek station
File:Metro Strašnická vestibul večer 7.jpg|Entrance to [[Strašnická (Prague Metro)|Strašnická]] station
File:Depo Hostivař, nástupiště metra.jpg|[[Depo Hostivař (Prague Metro)|Depo Hostivař]] station
</gallery>

=== Examples of stations on Line B ===
<gallery>
File:Zličín metro nást. 1.jpg|[[Zličín (Prague Metro)|Zličín]] station
File:Metro B Hůrka vstup 2.jpg|[[Hůrka (Prague Metro)|Hůrka]] station
File:Metro - Smíchovské nádraží 1.JPG|Metro platforms at [[Smíchovské nádraží (Prague Metro)|Smíchovské nádraží]]
File:Národní třída, stanice metra, mezipatro (01).jpg|Entrance to [[Národní třída (Prague Metro)|Národní třída]] station
File:Praha Invalidovna metro 4.jpg|[[Invalidovna]] station
File:Prago, metroa stacio Rajská zahrada, okcidenta enirejo, 1.jpeg|[[Rajská zahrada (Prague Metro)|Rajská zahrada]] station
</gallery>

=== Examples of stations on Line C ===
<gallery>
File:Prague Metro Haje Platform.jpg|[[Háje (Prague Metro)|Háje]] station
File:Praha Kacerov nast.jpg|[[Kačerov (Prague Metro)|Kačerov]] station
File:Praha, Hlavní nádraží, nástupiště.JPG|Metro platforms at [[Hlavní nádraží (Prague Metro)|Hlavní nádraží]] (Central Railway Station)
File:Prague metro station Nadrazi Holesovice.jpg|Metro platforms at [[Nádraží Holešovice (Prague Metro)|Nádraží Holešovice]]
File:Metro C Kobylisy kolej.jpg|[[Kobylisy (Prague Metro)|Kobylisy]] station
File:Praha, Střížkov, stanice metra Střížkov, nástupiště III.jpg|[[Střížkov (Prague Metro)|Střížkov]] station
File:Metro Letňany 1.jpg|[[Letňany (Prague Metro)|Letňany]] station
</gallery>

=== Transfer corridors ===
<gallery>
File:FlorencB (01).jpg|Transfer corridor in [[Florenc (Prague Metro)|Florenc]]
File:Praha, Můstek, přestupní chodba.JPG|Transfer corridor in station [[Můstek]]
File:Stanice Muzeum, linka C.jpg|Entrance to the transfer corridor in the station [[Muzeum (Prague Metro)|Muzeum]]
</gallery>

=== Current subway cars ===
<gallery>
File:Národní třída, stanice metra, souprava 81-71 M (02).jpg|81-71M, originally a subway car made in the USSR, reconstructed in Czech [[Škoda Transportation]]
File:Metro M1, stanice Ládví.jpg|M1, made in [[Siemens]] and [[ČKD]]
</gallery>

=== Historic subway cars ===
<gallery>
File:Muzeum MHD, vlak metra Tatra R1.jpg|Prototype R1 made in [[ČKD|ČKD Tatra]] (never in official operation)
File:Praha, Nádraží Holešovice, příjezd soupravy EČS.jpg|[[Metrovagonmash Ečs]], in operation in 1974–1997
File:Praha, stanice Florenc, souprava metra 81-71.JPG|[[Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714|81-71]] (81-717.1/714.1), in operation 1978–2009
</gallery>

=== Related constructions ===
<gallery>
File:NuselskyMost.jpg|[[Nusle Bridge|Nuselský most]] (Nusle bridge)
File:Nuselský most, od stanice metra Vyšehrad (02).jpg|Station [[Vyšehrad (Prague Metro)|Vyšehrad]] under the Nusle bridge
File:Praha Stodůlky most metro 3.jpg|Metro tube between stations [[Hůrka (Prague Metro)|Hůrka]] and [[Lužiny (Prague Metro)|Lužiny]]
File:Praha Stodůlky most metro 7.jpg|Metro tube between stations [[Hůrka (Prague Metro)|Hůrka]] and [[Lužiny (Prague Metro)|Lužiny]]
File:Metro Černý Most tubus.jpg|Metro tube between stations [[Černý Most (Prague Metro)|Černý most]] and [[Rajská zahrada (Prague Metro)|Rajská zahrada]]
File:Černý Most, most metra, k Rajské zahradě.jpg|Sidewalk above the subway tube between station [[Černý Most (Prague Metro)|Černý most]] and [[Rajská zahrada (Prague Metro)|Rajská zahrada]]
</gallery>

==Network map==
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| system_qid   = Q190271
| frame-lat    = 
| frame-long   = 
| frame-width  = 750
| frame-height = 470
| zoom         = 12
| length       = yes
}}
{{Clear}}

==See also==
* [[List of metro systems]]
* [[Trams in Prague]]
* [[Buses in Prague]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group="Note"}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline}}
*{{official|http://www.dpp.cz/en/|Prague Public Transit Co. Inc.}} including maps, fare information, etc.
*{{url|http://www.metroweb.cz/povoden/foto-metro.htm|Floods in Prague Metro 2002}}: photogallery

{{Prague Metro A}}
{{Prague Metro B}}
{{Prague Metro C}}
{{Prague Metro D}}
{{Urban public transport in the Czech Republic}}
{{Underground rapid transit in the European Union}}

[[Category:Prague Metro| ]]
[[Category:Underground rapid transit in the Czech Republic]]