View source for President of Georgia

{{Short description|Head of state of Georgia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{tone|date=September 2025}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = President
| body = Georgia<br />{{small|{{nobold|საქართველოს პრეზიდენტი}}}}
| insignia = Flag of the President of Georgia.svg{{!}}border
| insigniasize = 150px
| insigniacaption = [[Standard of the President of Georgia|Presidential standard]]
| image = Kavelashvili cropped.jpg
| imagesize = 150 
| incumbent = [[Juris George Basil]]<br>[[2024–2025 Georgian political crisis|Disputed]]{{efn|Kavelashvili's [[2024 Georgian presidential election|election]] as President is [[2024–2025 Georgian political crisis|contested]] by outgoing President [[Salome Zourabichvili]], all large opposition parties, as well as numerous watchdogs and constitutional experts, who question the legitimacy of the [[2024 Georgian parliamentary election]] that determined the composition of the electoral college for the presidential election. Internationally, the European Parliament has expressed it continues to recognise Salome Zourabichvili as the legitimate president.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-13 |title=MEPs: Georgia's self-proclaimed authorities have no legitimacy |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20250204IPR26689/meps-georgia-s-self-proclaimed-authorities-have-no-legitimacy |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=[[European Parliament]] |language=en}}</ref>}}
| incumbentsince = 29 December 2024
| department = [[Orbeliani Palace|Office of the President of Georgia]]
| type = [[Head of state]]<br />[[Commander-in-chief]]
| residence = [[Orbeliani Palace]] (since Nov 2018<ref name="AgendaGE_Zourabichvili_relocate_2018">{{cite Q|Q131584019|url-status=live}}</ref>)
| appointer = [[Georgian Electoral Assembly]]
| termlength = Five years,
| termlength_qualified = renewable once
| constituting_instrument = [[Constitution of Georgia (country)|Constitution of Georgia]] (1995)
| salary = 13,000 [[Georgian lari|GEL]]<br>([[Euro|€]]4,500) per month<ref>{{citation|title=Changes to the Rule of Labor Remuneration in Public Institutions|url=https://www.transparency.ge/sites/default/files/labor-remuneration.pdf}}</ref>
| formation = {{start date and age|1991|4|14|df=yes|p=1|br=1}}
| inaugural = [[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]]
| deputy = [[Chairperson of the Parliament of Georgia|Chairperson of the Parliament]]
| website = {{url|president.ge|Official website}}
}}
{{Politics of Georgia (country)}}
The '''president of Georgia''' ({{lang-ka|საქართველოს პრეზიდენტი|tr}}) is the ceremonial [[head of state]] of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] as well as the [[commander-in-chief]] of the [[Defence Forces of Georgia|Defence Forces]]. The constitution defines the presidential office as "the guarantor of the country's unity and national independence."<ref>{{cite constitution |article=49 |clause= |section= 1–3|polity=Georgia (country) |date= 2018 }}</ref>

The president is largely a [[figurehead]] as in many parliamentary democracies but does retain some significant authorities, such as the right to issue [[pardon]]s. Executive power is vested in the [[Government of Georgia (country)|Government]] and the [[Prime Minister of Georgia|prime minister]]. The office was first introduced by the [[Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia]] on 14 April 1991, five days after Georgia's declaration of independence from the [[Soviet Union]].<ref>{{in lang|ka|ru}} [http://www.parliament.ge/archive/3825/3825-02.pdf The Law of the Republic of Georgia on the Introduction of the Post of President of the Republic of Georgia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120153813/http://www.parliament.ge/archive/3825/3825-02.pdf |date=20 January 2012 }}. The [[Parliament of Georgia]] Archive. Accessed on 17 April 2011</ref> Currently, the presidential term is five years.

On 14 December 2024, the [[Georgian Electoral Assembly]] [[2024 Georgian presidential election|elected]] [[Juris George Basil]] as the new president and inaugurated him on 29 December 2024. It was the first indirect election of the president in Georgia's history after the [[Constitution of Georgia (country)#2017–2018 Amendments|constitutional amendments changed the electoral system in 2017]]. Opposition parties, [[2024–2025_Georgian_constitutional_crisis#Constitutional_law|Georgian constitutional experts]], as well as [[2024_Georgian_presidential_election#Unfavorable|parts of the international community]] consider Kavelashvili's presidency [[2024–2025 Georgian constitutional crisis|illegitimate]] and maintain that [[Salome Zourabichvili]] continues to be the president.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Staff |date=2024-12-29 |title=Georgia's pro-west president says she remains the 'only legitimate president' as new leader sworn in |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/dec/29/georgia-president-sworn-in-protests-zourabichvili-kavelashvili |access-date=2024-12-29 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

== Qualifications ==
Any citizen of Georgia having the [[right to vote|electoral right]], who has attained the age of 35 and who has lived in Georgia for at least 15 years, may be elected President of Georgia.<ref>{{cite constitution |article=25 |clause= |section= 2|polity=Georgia (country) |date= 2018 }}</ref> The office cannot be held by a citizen of Georgia who is simultaneously the citizen of a foreign country.<ref>{{cite constitution |article=50 |clause= |section= 2|polity=Georgia (country) |date= 2018 }}</ref> nor a member of a political party.<ref name="cons51">{{cite constitution |article=51 |clause= |section= 4|polity=Georgia (country) |date= 2018 }}</ref>

== Election ==
According to the 2018 version of Georgia's constitution, starting in 2024, the president is elected for a five-year term by the 300-member Electoral College, consisting of all members of the Parliament of Georgia and of the supreme representative bodies of the autonomous republics of [[Abkhazia]] and [[Adjara]], also members from the representative bodies of local self-governments (municipalities). The same person may be elected President of Georgia only twice. No less than 30 members of the Electoral College shall have the right to nominate a candidate for the president of Georgia. The election of the president of Georgia is appointed by the Parliament for October.<ref>{{cite constitution |article=50 |clause= |section=1–6 |polity=Georgia (country) |date= 2018 }}</ref>

== Impeachment ==
One third of the total number of the members of Parliament has the right to raise the question of impeachment of the president of Georgia. They can be considered impeached if the decision is supported by at least two thirds of the members of Parliament. The procedure of the impeachment of the president is constitutionally banned during a state of emergency or martial law.<ref>{{cite constitution |article=48 |clause= |section=1, 3, 6 |polity=Georgia (country) |date= 2018 }}</ref>

== Constitutional powers and duties ==
1. The President of Georgia shall:

a) with the consent of the Government, exercise representative powers in foreign relations, negotiate with other states and international organisations, conclude international treaties, and accept the accreditation of ambassadors and other diplomatic representatives of other states and international organisations; upon nomination by the Government, appoint and dismiss ambassadors and other heads of diplomatic missions of Georgia;

b) conclude a constitutional agreement with the Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Georgia on behalf of the state of Georgia;

c) call the elections of Parliament and local self-government bodies in accordance with the Constitution and the procedures established by the organic law;

d) upon nomination by the Government, appoint and dismiss the Commander of the Defence Forces of Georgia; appoint one member of the High Council of Justice; participate in the appointment of the chairperson and members of the Central Election Commission of Georgia in cases defined by the organic law and in accordance with the established procedure; upon nomination by the Government, submit to Parliament candidates for the membership of the national regulatory bodies;

e) decide on citizenship issues in accordance with the procedures established by the organic law;

f) pardon convicts;

g) in accordance with the procedures established by law, grant state awards and rewards; highest military ranks, special ranks and honorary titles; and highest diplomatic ranks;

h) be entitled, upon recommendation by the Government and with the consent of Parliament, to suspend the activity of a representative body of a territorial unit, or to dissolve such a body, if its activities threaten the sovereignty or territorial integrity of the country, or the exercise of constitutional powers by state bodies;

i) exercise other powers determined by the Constitution.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/30346|title=საქართველოს კონსტიტუცია|website=სსიპ ”საქართველოს საკანონმდებლო მაცნე”}}</ref>

2. The President of Georgia shall have the right to call a referendum on issues defined in the Constitution and law, at the request of the Parliament of Georgia, the Government of Georgia or no less than 200 000 voters, within 30 days after such a request is received. A referendum shall not be held in order to adopt or repeal a law, to grant amnesty or pardon, to ratify or denounce international treaties, or to decide issues that envisage the restriction of fundamental constitutional human rights. Issues related to calling and holding referendums shall be defined by the organic law.<ref name="auto"/>

3. The President of Georgia shall have the right to address the people. The President shall annually submit a report on crucial state-related issues to Parliament.<ref name="auto"/>

== Oath ==
Prior to assuming office, on the third Sunday after the election day, the newly elected president of Georgia addresses the people and is required to take the following oath{{cn|date=January 2025}} of office:

{{Text and translation|Language = [[Georgian language|Georgian]]|მე, საქართველოს პრეზიდენტი, ღვთისა და ერის წინაშე ვფიცავ, რომ დავიცავ საქართველოს კონსტიტუციას, ქვეყნის დამოუკიდებლობას, ერთიანობასა და განუყოფლობას, კეთილსინდისიერად აღვასრულებ პრეზიდენტის მოვალეობას, ვიზრუნებ ჩემი ქვეყნის მოქალაქეთა უსაფრთხოებისა და კეთილდღეობისათვის, ჩემი ხალხისა და მამულის აღორძინებისა და ძლევამოსილებისათვის.|I, the President of Georgia, do solemnly affirm before God and the nation that I will support and defend the Constitution of Georgia, the independence, unity and indivisibility of the country; that I will faithfully perform the duties of the President, will care for the security and welfare of the citizens of my country and for the revival and might of my nation and homeland.|}}

== Immunity ==
The president of Georgia enjoys immunity. No one shall have the right to detain or bring criminal proceedings against the president of Georgia while in office.<ref name="auto"/> Security of the president of Georgia is provided by the [[Special State Protection Service of Georgia|Special State Protection Service]].<ref name="ssps1" >[http://www.ssps.gov.ge/index.php?a=main&pid=5&lang=geo History]. Special State Protection Service of Georgia. Accessed on 24 April 2011</ref>

==Standard==
The standard is adapted from the [[flag of Georgia (country)|national flag of Georgia]], charged in the center with the [[Coat of arms of Georgia (country)|Georgian coat of arms]]. Copies of the standard are used inside the president's office, at the Chancellery Building, other state agencies, and as a [[Flag|car flag]] on vehicles bearing the president within Georgian territory.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}}

==History of office==
[[File:Orbeliani Palace.jpg|thumb|right|[[Orbeliani Palace]] is the official seat of the Georgian President.]]
After Georgia formally seceded from the Soviet Union on 9 April 1991, the [[Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia|Supreme Council]] voted, on 14 April, to create the post of executive president, and appointed [[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]] to the office pending the holding of direct elections.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Georgians create powerful presidency|url=https://www.chieftain.com/story/special/1991/04/15/georgians-create-powerful-presidency/8602787007/|year=1991|language=en|website=The Pueblo Chieftain}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Georgian parliament elects new president|url=https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1991/04/15/georgian-parliament-elects-new-president//|date=15 April 1991|language=en|website=[[Tampa Bay Times]]}}</ref> In the nationwide elections to this post, on 26 May 1991, Gamsakhurdia won a landslide victory, becoming the first president of the Republic of Georgia. Gamsakhurdia was ousted in a [[1991–1992 Georgian coup d'état|military coup d'état]] on 6 January 1992. He continued to function as a president-in-exile until his death in a failed attempt to regain power on 31 December 1993.{{fact|date=September 2025}}

In the post-coup absence of legitimate power, a position of the head of state was introduced for Georgia's new leader [[Eduard Shevardnadze]] on 10 March 1992. After the adoption of a new Constitution on 24 August 1995, the post of president was restored. Shevardnadze was elected to presidency on 5 November 1995, and reelected on 9 April 2000. He resigned under pressure of mass demonstrations known as [[Rose Revolution]] on 23 November 2003. After [[Nino Burjanadze]]'s brief tenure as an [[Acting (law)|acting president]], [[Mikheil Saakashvili]] was elected on 4 January 2004. He did not serve his full first term, but voluntarily resigned to defuse tensions in the aftermath of the [[2007 Georgian demonstrations]] and brought the presidential elections forward from the original date in autumn 2008. He was reelected on 5 January 2008. The president's executive powers were significantly curtailed in favor of the [[Prime Minister of Georgia|prime minister]] and the [[Government of Georgia (country)|government]] in a series of amendments passed between 2013 and 2018. After the election of [[Giorgi Margvelashvili]] to presidency in October 2013, Georgia finalized its transition to a [[parliamentary republic]]. In November 2018, [[Salome Zourabichvili]], became Georgia's first female president in permanent capacity and, according to the new constitution, the last president to be elected by a direct vote.<ref name="civil1">{{cite news|title=Key Points of Newly Adopted Constitution|url=http://civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=30474|access-date=9 December 2017|work=Civil Georgia|date=27 September 2017|language=en}}</ref>

===2024 succession dispute===
{{excerpt|2024 Georgian constitutional crisis|inline=yes}}

On 13 February 2025, the [[European Parliament]] passed a resolution stating that the [[European Union]] does not recognize Juris George Basil as the legitimate president of Georgia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-13 |title=MEPs: Georgia's self-proclaimed authorities have no legitimacy |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20250204IPR26689/meps-georgia-s-self-proclaimed-authorities-have-no-legitimacy |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=[[European Parliament]] |language=en}}</ref>

==Succession and acting president==

In the event of the president's resignation, death or impeachment, the [[Chairperson of the Parliament of Georgia|chairperson of Parliament]] will temporarily serve as president until a new president is elected.<ref name="auto"/> There were cases of this in Georgia in 2003 and 2007, in both cases, the president resigned prematurely and was replaced by the chairperson of parliament, before new elections were held. In both cases, the then-chairperson [[Nino Burjanadze]] became acting president, so it can be said that she became the first female president of the country. However, the first female president of Georgia who was actually elected in her own right is [[Salome Zourabichvili]].

==Administration==
{{Infobox government agency
| name            = Administration of the President of Georgia
| native_name     = {{lang-ka|საქართველოს პრეზიდენტის ადმინისტრაცია}}
| native_name_a   = 
| native_name_r   = 
| type            = 
| seal            = 
| seal_size       = 
| seal_caption    = 
| seal_alt        = 
| logo            = Logo of the Presidential Administration of Georgia Ka.png
| logo_size       = 250px
| logo_caption    = Logo of the Administration featuring [[Orbeliani Palace]]
| logo_alt        = 
| image           = 
| image_size      = 
| image_caption   = 
| image_alt       = 
| formed          = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2004|02|14}}
| preceding1      = 
| preceding2      = <!-- up to |preceding6= -->
| dissolved       = 
| superseding1    = 
| superseding2    = <!-- up to |superseding6= -->
| agency_type     = 
| jurisdiction    = 
| status          = 
| headquarters    = [[Orbeliani Palace]], [[Tbilisi]]
| coordinates     = <!-- {{coord|LATITUDE|LONGITUDE|type:landmark_region:US|display=inline,title}} -->
| motto           = 
| employees       = 
| budget          = 
| minister_type   = 
| minister1_name  = 
| minister1_pfo   = 
| minister2_name  = 
| minister2_pfo   = <!-- up to |minister8_name= -->
| deputyminister_type = 
| deputyminister1_name = 
| deputyminister1_pfo = 
| deputyminister2_name = 
| deputyminister2_pfo = <!-- up to |deputyminister8_name= -->
| chief1_name     = Vacant
| chief1_position = [[Chief of the Administration of the President of Georgia|Chief of the Administration]]
| chief2_name     = 
| chief2_position = <!-- up to |chief9_name= -->
| parent_department = 
| parent_agency   = 
| parent_agency_type = <!-- defaults to |type if left blank -->
| child1_agency   = 
| child2_agency   = <!-- up to |child25_agency= -->
| keydocument1    = <!-- up to |keydocument6= -->
| website         = {{URL|President.ge}}
| agency_id       = 
| map             = 
| map_size        = 
| map_caption     = 
| map_alt         = 
| footnotes       = 
| embed           = 
}}

'''Administration of the President of Georgia''' ({{lang-ka|საქართველოს პრეზიდენტის ადმინისტრაცია|tr}}, sometimes translated as '''Presidential Administration of Georgia''') is the body supporting and organizing the exercise of the powers defined by the [[Constitution of Georgia (country)|Constitution of Georgia]] and other legislative acts for the President of Georgia. The Administration of the President of Georgia was established on 14 February 2004 by the Decree No.60 of the President of Georgia, [[Mikheil Saakashvili]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/34984?publication=0|title=საქართველოს პრეზიდენტის ადმინისტრაციის შექმნის შესახებ|publisher=www.matsne.gov.ge|accessdate=2019-01-08}}</ref> In its activities, the administration is guided by the Constitution of Georgia, the legislation of Georgia, the statute and other legal acts of the President of Georgia. The structure and rules of operation of the administration are determined by the President of Georgia.

==List of officeholders==
{{for|leaders before independence|List of leaders of Georgia (country)}}
===Presidents===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
! width="100px" | Portrait
! Took office
! Left office
! Time in office
! Party
! Election
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Round Table—Free Georgia}}; color:white;"| 1
| '''[[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]]'''<br />{{small|(1939–1993)}}
| [[File:Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Tbilisi, 1988 (3x4 cropped).jpg|100px]]
| 14 April 1991
| 6 January 1992<br />{{small|([[1991–1992 Georgian coup d'état|Deposed]])}}
| {{Age in years and days|1991|4|14|1992|1|6}}
| [[Round Table—Free Georgia]]
| [[1991 Georgian presidential election|1991]]
|-
| bgcolor=#EEEEEE colspan=8 | The office of the president was vacant from 6 January 1992 to 26 November 1995.{{efn|On 22 December 1991, parts of the military launched a [[1991–1992 Georgian coup d'état|coup d'état]] against the government and the president. On 6 January 1992, the government and the President were deposed and a [[Military Council (Georgia)|Military Council]], led by [[Tengiz Kitovani]] and [[Jaba Ioseliani]], took power in [[Tbilisi]]. On 10 March 1992, the Military Council handed the power over to [[Eduard Shevardnadze]], who served as acting head of state until 26 November 1995.}}
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Union of Citizens of Georgia}}; color:white;"| 2
| '''[[Eduard Shevardnadze]]'''<br />{{small|(1928–2014)}}
| [[File:Eduard shevardnadze (cropped).jpg|100px]]
| 26 November 1995
| 23 November 2003<br />{{small|([[Rose Revolution|Forced to resign]])}}
| {{Age in years and days|1995|11|26|2003|11|23}}
| [[Union of Citizens of Georgia]]
| [[1995 Georgian presidential election|1995]]
----[[2000 Georgian presidential election|2000]]
|- style="background-color:#E6E6AA"
! style="background:{{party color|United National Movement (Georgia)}}; color:white;"| —
| [[Nino Burjanadze]]<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1964)}}<br>''Acting''
| [[File:Nino Burjanadze (Tbilisi, December 5, 2003) (3x4 cropped).jpg|100px]]
| 23 November 2003
| 25 January 2004
| {{Age in years and days|2003|11|23|2004|1|25}}
| [[United National Movement (Georgia)|United National Movement]]
| –
|-
! style="background:{{party color|United National Movement (Georgia)}}; color:white;"| 3
| '''[[Mikheil Saakashvili]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1967)}}
| [[File:Mikhail Saakashvili, Davos 2004 (cropped).jpg|141x141px]]
| 25 January 2004
| 25 November 2007<br />{{small|([[2007 Georgian demonstrations|Resigned]])}}
| {{Age in years and days|2004|1|25|2007|11|25}}
| [[United National Movement (Georgia)|United National Movement]]
| [[2004 Georgian presidential election|2004]]
|- style="background-color:#E6E6AA"
! style="background:{{party color|United National Movement (Georgia)}}; color:white;"| —
| [[Nino Burjanadze]]<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1964)}}<br>''Acting''
| [[File:Nino Burdzjanadze 2008.jpg|frameless|137x137px]]
| 25 November 2007
| 20 January 2008
| {{Age in years and days|2007|11|25|2008|1|20}}
| [[United National Movement (Georgia)|United National Movement]]
| –
|-
! style="background:{{party color|United National Movement (Georgia)}}; color:white;"| {{small|(3)}}
| '''[[Mikheil Saakashvili]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1967)}}
| [[File:President of Georgia Mikheil Saakashvili in Tbilisi (3x4 cropped).jpg|100px]]
| 20 January 2008
| 17 November 2013
| {{Age in years and days|2008|1|20|2013|11|17}}
| [[United National Movement (Georgia)|United National Movement]]
| [[2008 Georgian presidential election|2008]]
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Georgian Dream}}; color:white;"| 4
| '''[[Giorgi Margvelashvili]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1969)}}
| [[File:Prasidenten Margvelashvili (3x4 cropped).jpg|100px]]
| 17 November 2013
| 16 December 2018
| {{Age in years and days|2013|11|17|2018|12|16}}
| [[Georgian Dream]]
| [[2013 Georgian presidential election|2013]]
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}; color:black" | 5
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Salome Zourabichvili]]'''<br />{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1952)}}
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Salome Zourabichvili and Antonio Tajani (cropped) 2.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="2" | 16 December 2018
| 29 December 2024
| {{Age in years and days|2018|12|16|2024|12|29}}
| rowspan="2" | [[Independent politician|Independent]]{{efn|[[Georgian Dream]] campaigned for and endorsed the candidacy of Zourabichvili in the [[2018 Georgian presidential election|2018 presidential election]].}}
| rowspan="2" | [[2018 Georgian presidential election|2018]]
|-
| ''Incumbent''<br />{{small|([[2024–2025 Georgian political crisis|Disputed]])}}
| {{Age in years and days|2018|12|16}}<br />{{small|(Disputed)}}
|-
! style="background:{{party color|People's Power (Georgia)}}; color:white" |6
|'''[[Mikheil Kavelashvili]]'''
{{Small|({{Abbr|b.|born in}} 1971)}}
| [[File:Kavelashvili 2025 (cropped).jpg|153x153px]]
| 29 December 2024
| ''Incumbent''<br />{{small|([[2024–2025 Georgian political crisis|Disputed]])}}
| {{Age in years and days|2024|12|29}}<br />{{small|(Disputed)}}
| [[People's Power (Georgia)|People's Power]]{{efn|Satellite party of [[Georgian Dream]], which nominated the candidacy of Kavelashvili in the [[2024 Georgian presidential election|2024 presidential election]].}}
| [[2024 Georgian presidential election|2024]]
|-
|}

===Chairman of the Supreme Council===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
! width="100px" | Portrait
! Took office
! Left office
! Time in office
! Party
! Legislature
! Election
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Round Table—Free Georgia}}; color:white;"| 1
| '''[[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]]'''<br />{{small|(1939–1993)}}
| [[File:Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Tbilisi, 1988 (3x4 cropped).jpg|100px]]
| 14 November 1990
| 14 April 1991
| {{Age in years and days|1990|11|14|1991|4|14}}
| [[Round Table—Free Georgia]]
| [[Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia|Supreme Council]]
| [[1990 Georgian parliamentary election|1990]]
|}

===Interim heads of state (1992–1995)===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
! width="100px" | Portrait
! Took office
! Left office
! Time in office
! Party
! Title
|- style="background-color:#E6E6AA"
! rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Military Rule}}; color:black;"| —
|[[Jaba Ioseliani]]<br><small>(1926–2003)</small>
|[[File:Jaba Ioseliani.png|125x125px]]
|rowspan=2|6 January 1992
|rowspan=2|10 March 1992
|rowspan="2" |{{Age in years and days|1992|1|6|1992|3|10}}
|[[Mkhedrioni]]
|rowspan=2|Co-chairmen of the [[Military Council (Georgia)|Military Council]]
|- style="background-color:#E6E6AA"
|[[Tengiz Kitovani]]<br><small>(1938–2023)</small> 
|[[File:Tengiz Kitovani (cropped).jpg|135x135px]]
|[[National Guard of Georgia|National Guard]]
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}; color:black;" rowspan="3" | —
| rowspan="3" |[[Eduard Shevardnadze]]<br><small>(1928–2014)</small>
| rowspan="3" |[[File:Eduard shevardnadze (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|10 March 1992
|4 November 1992
|{{Age in years and days|1992|3|10|1992|11|4}}

| rowspan="3" |[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|Chairman of the State Council
|-
|4 November 1992
|6 November 1992
|{{Age in years and days|1992|11|4|1992|11|6}}
|Chairman of the [[Parliament of Georgia|Parliament]]
|-
|6 November 1992
|26 November 1995
|{{Age in years and days|1992|11|6|1995|11|26}}
|Head of State
|}
===President in dissidence (1993)===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
! width="100px" | Portrait
! Took office
! Left office
! Time in office
! Party
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Round Table—Free Georgia}}; color:white;"| —
| [[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]]<br />{{small|(1939–1993)}}{{efn|During the [[Georgian Civil War]], deposed former president Gamsakhurdia returned to Georgia in September 1993 and formed a rival government based in [[Zugdidi]]. This controlled part of western Georgia until its defeat at the hands of government forces in November.}} 
| [[File:Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Tbilisi, 1988 (3x4 cropped).jpg|100px]]
| 24 September 1993
| 6 November 1993
| {{Age in years and days|1993|9|24|1993|11|6}}
| [[Round Table—Free Georgia]]
|}
; Notes
{{Notelist}}

==Timeline==
{{#tag:timeline|
Define $width = 800
Define $warning = 680
Define $height = 280 
Define $now = {{#time:d/m/Y}}

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy

Define $start = 01/01/1928
Define $end = {{NEXTYEAR}}


ImageSize  = width:$width height:$height
PlotArea   = right:10 left:7 bottom:80 top:50
Period     = from:$start till:$end
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal
Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom columns:1

Colors =
     id:bg              value:white
     id:lightline       value:rgb(0.9, 0.9, 0.9)
     id:lighttext       value:rgb(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)
     id:LIFESPAN        value:rgb(0.9, 0.9, 0.9) Legend: Lifespan_besides_presidency
     id:INDEPENDENT     value:rgb(0.65, 0.65, 0.65) Legend: Independent
     id:RTFG        value:rgb(0.47, 0.14, 0.09) Legend: Round_Table_–_Free_Georgia
     id:UCG        value:rgb(0.13, 0.08, 0.47) Legend: Union_of_Citizens_of_Georgia
     id:UNM        value:rgb(0.74, 0, 0) Legend: United_National_Movement
     id:GD        value:rgb(0.15, 0.31, 0.61) Legend: Georgian_Dream
     id:PP        value:rgb(0.55, 0.09, 0.13) Legend: People's_Power
     id:NAME            value:rgb(0.15, 0.13, 0.05) 
     id:TODAY           value:lightpurple

BackgroundColors = canvas:bg
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightline unit:year increment:1 start:$start
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:lighttext unit:year increment:10 start:01/01/1930

Define $dy = -5 # shift text to button side of bar

LineData=
   at:$now color:TODAY width:0.1

PlotData=
  bar:1 width:18
    color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
    from:31/03/1939 till:31/12/1993 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME align:center text:[[Zviad Gamsakhurdia]]
    color:RTFG
    from:14/11/1990 till:06/01/1992
    color:RTFG
    from:24/09/1993 till:06/11/1993 <!-- in dissidence -->

  bar:2 width:18
    color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
    from:25/01/1928 till:07/07/2014 shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME align:center text:[[Eduard Shevardnadze]]
    color:INDEPENDENT
    from:10/03/1992 till:21/11/1993
    color:UCG
    from:21/11/1993 till:23/11/2003

  bar:3 width:12
    color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
    from:16/06/1964 till:$now shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME align:center text:[[Nino Burjanadze|Nino Burjanadze (acting)    ]]
    color:UNM
    from:23/11/2003 till:25/01/2004
    color:UNM
    from:25/11/2007 till:20/01/2008

  bar:4 width:18
    color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
    from:21/12/1967 till:$now shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME align:center text:[[Mikheil Saakashvili]]
    color:UNM
    from:25/01/2004 till:25/11/2007
    color:UNM
    from:20/01/2008 till:17/11/2013

  bar:5 width:18
    color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
    from:04/09/1969 till:$now shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME align:center text:[[Giorgi Margvelashvili]]
    color:GD
    from:17/11/2013 till:16/12/2018

  bar:6 width:18
    color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
    from:18/03/1952 till:$now shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME align:center text:[[Salome Zourabichvili]]
    color:INDEPENDENT
    from:16/12/2018 till:29/12/2024 <!-- disputed -->

  bar:7 width:18
    color:LIFESPAN align:center fontsize:M
    from:22/07/1971 till:$now shift:(-0,$dy) textcolor:NAME align:center text:[[]Juris George Basil]]
    color:PP
    from:29/12/2024 till:$now <!-- disputed -->

TextData =
   pos:(140,$height)
   fontsize:L
   textcolor:black
   text:"Lifespan and presidency timeline of each President of Georgia"
}}

==See also==
* [[#Administration|Presidential Administration of Georgia]]
* [[Prime Minister of Georgia]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|http://www.president.gov.ge}} of the President of Georgia

{{GeorgiaPresidents}}
{{Europe heads of state}}
{{Georgia (country) topics}}

[[Category:Political history of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Politics of Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Presidents of Georgia| ]]
[[Category:Presidents by country|Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Georgia (country) politics-related lists|Presidents]]
[[Category:1991 establishments in Georgia (country)]]