View source for President of Russia

{{Short description|Head of state of Russia}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = President
| body = the {{nowrap|Russian Federation}}
| native_name = {{nowrap|{{small|{{lang|ru|Президент Российской Федерации}}}}}}
| insignia = Emblem of the President of Russia.svg
| insigniasize = 100px
| insigniacaption = Presidential emblem
| flag = Standart of the President RF.svg
| flagsize = 140px
| flagborder = yes
| flagcaption = [[Flag of Russia|Presidential standard]]
| image = Meeting with Moscow Region Governor Andrei Vorobyov (2025-04-08) cropped and edited.jpg
| imagesize = 200px
| alt = 
| incumbent = [[Vladimir Putin]]
| acting = 
| incumbentsince = 7 May 2012
| department = [[Presidential Administration of Russia]]
| style = [[Mr. President (title)|Mr President]]<br />(informal)<br />[[#Commander-in-chief|Comrade Supreme Commander]]<br />(military)<br />[[His Excellency]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120927014351/http://www.un.int/protocol/documents/Hspmfm.pdf United Nations Heads of State Heads of Government Ministers for Foreign Affairs Protocol and Liaison Service]</ref><br />(diplomatic)
| type = [[Head of state]] <br/> [[Supreme commander-in-chief]]
| status = 
| abbreviation = 
| precursor = [[President of the Soviet Union]]
| member_of = {{ubl|[[State Council (Russia)|State Council]]|[[Security Council of Russia|Security Council]]|[[Supreme Eurasian Economic Council]]}}
| reports_to = 
| residence = {{ubl|[[Moscow Kremlin]] (official)|[[Novo-Ogaryovo]] (residential)}}
| seat = [[Kremlin Senate]]
| nominator = 
| appointer = [[Russian presidential elections|Direct popular vote]]
| appointer_qualified = 
| termlength = Six years,
| termlength_qualified = renewable once
| constituting_instrument = [[Constitution of Russia]] (1993)
| formation = * Passage of presidency law:<br />{{start date and age|df=yes|1991|4|24}}<ref>[[s:ru:Закон РСФСР от 24 April 1991 №1098-I|RSFSR Law "On President of the Russian SFSR]]</ref>
* Constitutional amendments:<br />{{start date and age|df=yes|1991|5|24}}<ref>[[s:Закон РСФСР от 24 May 1991 № 1326-I|RSFSR Law on amendments to the Constitution of the RSFSR]]</ref>
* First inauguration:<br />{{start date and age|df=yes|1991|7|10}}
* Modern status [[Constitution of Russia|defined]]:<br />{{start date and age|df=yes|1993|12|12}}
| first = [[Boris Yeltsin]]
| last = 
| abolished = 
| succession = 
| unofficial_names = 
| deputy = [[Prime Minister of Russia|Prime Minister]]
| salary = {{round|8885886|-5}}[[Russian Ruble|₽]] or US${{round|{{to USD|8885886|Russia}}|-4}} per annum {{estimated}}<ref name="businessinsider.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/salaries-of-13-major-world-leaders-2015-3?r=US&IR=T|title=Here are the salaries of 13 major world leaders|website=[[Business Insider]] |access-date=8 February 2020|archive-date=30 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930014537/http://uk.businessinsider.com/salaries-of-13-major-world-leaders-2015-3?r=US&IR=T|url-status=live}}</ref>
| website = [http://президент.рф/ президент.рф]<br/> (in Russian) <br /> [http://eng.kremlin.ru/ eng.kremlin.ru]<br/> (in English)
}}
The '''president of Russia'''{{efn|{{langx|ru|Президент России|Prezident Rossii}}}}, officially the '''president of the Russian Federation'''{{efn|{{langx|ru|Президент Российской Федерации|Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii}}}}, is the executive [[head of state]] of [[Russia]]. The president is the chair of the [[State Council (Russia)|Federal State Council]] and the [[President of Russia#Commander-in-chief|supreme commander-in-chief]] of the [[Russian Armed Forces]]. It is the highest office in Russia.

The modern incarnation of the office emerged from the president of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (RSFSR). In 1991, [[Boris Yeltsin]] was elected president of the RSFSR, becoming the first non-Communist Party member to be elected into a major Soviet political role. He played a crucial role in the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] which saw the transformation of the RSFSR into the Russian Federation. Following a series of scandals and doubts about his leadership, violence erupted across [[Moscow]] in the [[1993 Russian constitutional crisis]]. As a result, a new constitution was implemented and the 1993 [[Russian Constitution]] remains in force today. The constitution establishes Russia as a [[semi-presidential system]] which separates the president of Russia from the [[government of Russia]] which exercises executive power.<ref>I.E. Kozlova and O. E. Kutafin, Konstitutsionnoe Pravo Rossii (Constitutional Law of Russia) (4th ed, 2006) p. 383</ref>

In all cases where the president of the Russian Federation is unable to fulfill their duties, those duties shall be temporarily delegated to the [[prime minister of Russia]], who becomes [[acting president of Russia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eng.constitution.kremlin.ru/#article-92-3 |title=Конституция Российской Федерации |publisher=Eng.constitution.kremlin.ru |access-date=3 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510161341/http://eng.constitution.kremlin.ru/#article-92-3 |archive-date=10 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

The powers of the presidency include: execution of federal law, appointing federal ministers, and members of the judiciary, and negotiating treaties with foreign powers. The president also has the power to grant federal pardons and reprieves, and to convene and adjourn the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Federal Assembly]] under extraordinary circumstances. The president also appoints the prime minister, who directs domestic policy of the Russian Federation alongside the president.

The president is elected directly through a popular vote to a six-year term. Previously, the Constitution established a term limit for the presidency restricting the officeholder to serve no more than two consecutive terms. However, this limitation has since been overhauled in large part due to the [[2020 amendments to the Constitution of Russia|constitutional amendments]] that were ratified in 2020. One of the amendments passed reset the terms of both Vladimir Putin and [[Dmitry Medvedev]], allowing either to serve as president for a full two terms regardless of their previous terms. In all, three individuals have served four presidencies spanning six full terms. In May 2012, [[Vladimir Putin]] became the fourth president; he was [[2018 Russian presidential election|re-elected in March 2018]] and [[2024 Russian presidential election|in March 2024]] for two consecutive six-year terms.

==History==
After the [[February Revolution|fall]] of [[Russian Empire|monarchy]] in 1917, the [[Russian Constituent Assembly|All-Russian Constituent Assembly]], [[1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election|elected]] later that year, planned on establishing a [[Democracy|democratic]] [[Presidential republic|presidential]] or [[Semi-presidential republic|semi-presidential]] [[federal republic]], [[Decree on the system of government of Russia (1918)|proclaiming]] the Russian Democratic Federal Republic (RDFR) in January 1918. The president of the RDFR would have been the head of state, elected for a one-year term by a majority vote in parliament involving the deputies of both chambers.<ref name="WhiteMovementPolitprogram">{{in lang|ru}} [http://www.bali.ostu.ru/umc/arhiv/2009/2/buhvostova.doc THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF RUSSIA IN PROGRAMS OF WHITE MOVEMENT AND WHITE EMIGRATION]{{Dead link|date=March 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Bukhvostovoj D.V.</ref> Due to [[Russian Constituent Assembly#Dissolving|the dissolution of the assembly]] by the [[Bolsheviks]] and establishment of their [[One-party state|one-party]] [[dictatorship]], no person was ever elected to this office.

[[Boris Yeltsin]] came to power with a wave of high expectations not long before the [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union's collapse]]. In May 1990, he was elected as [[List of leaders of the Russian SFSR#Heads of state|chairman of the Supreme Soviet]] (parliament) of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (SFSR) – the highest state office – and thus became the head of state. As a result of the creation of the post of [[President of the Soviet Union]], the [[Subdivisions of the Soviet Union|Union republics]] also began to introduce the post of President. To do this, a [[1991 Russian presidential referendum|referendum]] was held in the Russian SFSR, in which 71% of voters voted for the creation of the post of President, elected in direct elections. On 12 June 1991 Yeltsin was elected president of the Russian SFSR with 57% of the vote, becoming the first popularly elected president.<ref name="Transcripts of 'Insight' on CNN">{{cite web|title=Transcripts of 'Insight' on CNN|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=7 October 2002|access-date=17 July 2007|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0210/07/i_ins.01.html|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107193019/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0210/07/i_ins.01.html|url-status=live}}</ref> However, Yeltsin never recovered his popularity after a series of economic and political crises in Russia in the 1990s. The Yeltsin era was marked by widespread corruption, economic collapse, and enormous political and social problems.<ref name="Transcripts of 'Insight' on CNN"/> By the time he left office, Yeltsin had an approval rating of two percent by some estimates.<ref name="Transcripts of 'Insight' on CNN"/>

Throughout his presidential terms and into his second term as the [[Prime Minister of Russia|prime minister]], Vladimir Putin has enjoyed high approval ratings amongst the Russian public. During his eight years in office, the Russian economy bounced back from crisis, seeing the country's [[GDP]] increase sixfold (72% in [[Purchasing power parity|PPP]]),<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=52&pr.y=13&sy=1992&ey=2007&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=922&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP&grp=0&a= GDP of Russia from 1992 to 2007] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107183930/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=52&pr.y=13&sy=1992&ey=2007&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=922&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP&grp=0&a= |date=7 November 2020 }} [[International Monetary Fund]] Retrieved on 12 May 2008</ref> poverty cut more than half<ref name="kommersantstats">{{cite news|last=Fedyukin|first=Igor|date=4 May 2008|title=Putin's Eight Years|url=http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=804651|work=[[Kommersant]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073031/http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?id=804651|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=4 May 2008}}</ref> and average monthly salaries increase from $80 to $640, or by 150% in [[Real GDP#Types of GDP and GDP growth|real]] rates.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080212192804/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-02/09/content_7582876.htm Putin visions new development plans for Russia] China View Retrieved on 8 May 2008</ref> At the same time, his conduct in office has been questioned by domestic dissenters, as well as foreign governments and human rights organizations, for his handling of internal conflicts in [[Chechnya]] and [[Dagestan]], his record on internal human rights and freedoms, his relations with former [[Republics of the Soviet Union|Soviet republics]], and his relations with the so-called oligarchs: Russian businessmen with a high degree of power and influence within both the Russian government and economy. This was seen by the Kremlin as a series of anti-Russian propaganda attacks orchestrated by western opponents and exiled ''[[business oligarchs|oligarchs]]''.<ref>Sergey Morozov, "Putin's Diplomacy: Russian Judo on World Tatami". – Saint Petersburg, publishing house "Krylov", 2008. – 288 pp. {{ISBN|978-5-9717-0630-4}}. Chapter "Dracula, Rotten Meat and Dr. Evil", p. 130: "... in the Kremlin they thought that Russia has become a subject of a series of political propaganda attacks orchestrated by the West and exiled oligarchs.", p. 139, [[Dmitry Peskov]]: "Things we observe in the British media relate more to a usual human hysteria rather than to journalism... President regards this calmly, understanding at the same time that this has nothing to do with journalism and analytics."</ref>

Medvedev was appointed as [[First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia|first deputy prime minister]] on 14 November 2005. Formerly Vladimir Putin's [[chief of staff]], he was also the chairman of [[Gazprom]]'s [[board of directors]], a post he had held, for the second time, since 2000. On 10 December 2007, he was informally [[political endorsement|endorsed]] as a [[candidate]] for the forthcoming [[2008 Russian presidential election|presidential elections]] by the most prominent Russian [[political party]], [[United Russia]], and officially endorsed on 17 December 2007. Medvedev's candidacy was supported by outgoing president Vladimir Putin and [[political groups during Vladimir Putin's presidency|pro-presidential]] [[political party|parties]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7136347.stm Putin sees Medvedev as successor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212122328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7136347.stm |date=12 December 2007 }} BBC News</ref> As [[Technocracy (bureaucratic)|technocrat]] and political [[:wikt:appointment|appointee]], Medvedev – Putin's former chief of staff and one-time rival to Sergey Ivanov – had never held [[election|elective]] office before 2009. Medvedev chose Putin as his prime minister; in 2012, Putin ran for the presidency, won, and appointed Medvedev as prime minister.

==Selection process==
===Eligibility===
A presidential candidate must be a citizen of the Russian Federation who is at least 35 years old, has permanently resided in Russia for at least 25 years and does not have and has never previously had foreign citizenship or a foreign residence permit.<ref>The Constitution of the Russian Federation: A Contextual Analysis, Henderson, Jane</ref> Following [[2020 amendments to the Constitution of Russia|constitutional amendments]] in 2020, the requirement of permanent residence in Russia increased from 10 years to 25 years and a new requirement preventing a presidential candidate from ever having foreign citizenship or a foreign residence permit was introduced.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://duma.gov.ru/en/news/48039/|title=What changes will be in the Constitution of the Russian Federation?|website=duma.gov.ru|date=12 March 2020 |access-date=6 April 2021|archive-date=11 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511232917/http://duma.gov.ru/en/news/48039/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-politics-putin-idUSKBN2BS18W|title=Putin signs law that could keep him in Kremlin until 2036|website=Reuters|date=5 April 2021|access-date=6 April 2021|archive-date=6 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210406043639/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-politics-putin-idUSKBN2BS18W|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2020/646168/EPRS_ATA(2020)646168_EN.pdf|title=Constitutional and political change in Russia|website=europarl.europa.eu|access-date=6 April 2021|archive-date=17 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217232313/https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2020/646168/EPRS_ATA(2020)646168_EN.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Russian constitution [[term limits|limits]] the number of terms a president can serve to two terms. Previously, the constitution only limited the president to two consecutive terms, allowing a former president to seek re-election after sitting out one complete term.<ref name="Chapter 4">{{cite web|url=http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-05.htm|title=Chapter 4. The President of the Russian Federation {{!}} The Constitution of the Russian Federation|website=www.constitution.ru|access-date=22 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212183338/http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-05.htm|archive-date=12 December 2007|url-status=live}}</ref> However, following constitutional changes in 2020, this was changed to two terms overall, allowing the incumbent president and former presidents to serve two more terms.<ref name="Constitution2020">{{cite law |url=http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_346019/3d0cac60971a511280cbba229d9b6329c07731f7/ |title=Закон РФ о поправке к Конституции РФ от 14.03.2020 N 1-ФКЗ "О совершенствовании регулирования отдельных вопросов организации и функционирования публичной власти" |date=14 March 2020 |article=8.3, 8.3.1 |trans-title=Law of the Russian Federation on the amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of March 14, 2020 N 1-FKZ "On improving the regulation of certain issues of the organization and functioning of public authorities |language=ru }} {{Cite web |url=http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_346019/3d0cac60971a511280cbba229d9b6329c07731f7/ |title=Статья 1 / КонсультантПлюс |access-date=3 July 2020 |archive-date=3 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103223218/http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_346019/3d0cac60971a511280cbba229d9b6329c07731f7/ |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>

===Election===
{{Main|Russian presidential elections}}
The election of the president is mainly regulated by the Presidential Election Law (PEL) and the Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights (BGL).<ref>{{cite book|title=Voting and Elections the World Over|last1=Gueorguieva|first1=Vassia|last2=Simon|first2=Rita James|year=2009|page=79|series=Global Perspectives on Social Issues Series|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-0-7391-3090-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GqYGgdWftrgC&pg=PA79}}</ref> The [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]] calls the presidential elections.<ref>Constitution of Russia article 102:1</ref> If it does not call a presidential election that is due, the Central Election Commission will call the presidential election.<ref>Kozlova and O. E. Kutafin, Konstitutsionnoe Pravo Rossii (Constitutional Law of Russia) (4th ed, 2006) p. 373.</ref> The election day is the second Sunday of the month and the presidential electoral constituency is the territory of the Russian Federation as a whole.
Each [[political faction|faction]] in the [[State Duma]], the [[lower house]] of the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Russian parliament]] has the right to nominate a candidate for the presidential elections. The minimum number of signatures for a presidential candidate fielded by a political party with no parliamentary representation is 100,000, down from 2 million before amendments to the law.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}

Terms were extended from four to six years in 2008, during [[Dmitry Medvedev]]'s administration.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/12/30/russia.presidential.term.extension/ |date=22 December 2008 |last=Sefanov |first=Mike |title=Russian presidential term extended to 6 years |newspaper=[[CNN]] |access-date=2 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131051/http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/12/30/russia.presidential.term.extension/ |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref> The president is elected in a two-round system every six years, with a two consecutive term limitation.{{sfn|Gueorguieva|Simon|2009|p=79}} If no candidate wins by an absolute majority in the first round, a second election round is held between two candidates with the most votes.{{sfn|Gueorguieva|Simon|2009|p=79}} The [[2024 Russian presidential election|last presidential election was in 2024]], and the next is in 2030.<ref name="nytimes-2018">{{cite news|last=Herszenhorn|first=David M.|title=Observers Detail Flaws in Russian Election|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/06/world/europe/observers-detail-flaws-in-russian-election.html|access-date=5 March 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=5 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305191519/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/06/world/europe/observers-detail-flaws-in-russian-election.html|archive-date=5 March 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Inauguration===
{{Main|Russian presidential inauguration}}
{{Politics of Russia}}
[[File:Vladimir Putin inauguration 7 May 2012-10.jpeg|thumb|[[Vladimir Putin]] takes the presidential oath in 2012]]
The inauguration of the president of Russia is conducted six years after the previous inauguration (since 2000, on 7 May). If the president is chosen in an early election, they are scheduled to take the oath thirty days after the announcement of the results.

Before executing the powers of the office, a president is constitutionally required to take the presidential oath:<ref name="Chapter 4"/>{{blockquote|I swear in exercising the powers of the President of the Russian Federation to respect and safeguard the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, to observe and protect the Constitution of the Russian Federation, to protect the sovereignty and independence, security and integrity of the State, to faithfully serve the people.}}

===Vacancy or disability===
{{See also|Acting President of Russia}}
Vacancies in the office of president may arise under several possible circumstances: death, resignation and [[Impeachment in Russia|removal from office]]. In all cases when the president is unable to perform their duties, their powers are temporarily transferred to the prime minister until the new president takes office.

==Insignia==
After the oath of office has been taken by the elected president, these following insignia are handed over to the president. These devices are used to display the rank of their office and are used on special occasions.

===Chain of office===
[[File:Russia president emblem.jpg|123px|thumb|Chain of office]]
The first insignia that is issued is the [[livery collar|chain of office]] with an emblem. The central emblem is the red cross of the [[Order "For Merit to the Fatherland"]], with arms in equal size, charged with the [[Coat of Arms of Russia|Russian coat of arms]]. On the reverse of the cross, the words "Benefit, Honor and Glory" appear in the form of a circle. A golden wreath is used to connect the cross with the rest of the chain. There are 17 "links" in the emblem, with nine consisting of the Russian coat of arms. The other eight consist of a rosette, also bearing the motto "Benefit, Honor and Glory." At the inauguration of Vladimir Putin, the emblem was placed on a red pillow, positioned on the left side of the podium. According to the Presidential website, the emblem is placed inside the Kremlin and is used only on certain occasions.

===Standard (flag)===
The standard is a square version of the [[Flag of Russia|Russian flag]], charged in the center with the Russian coat of arms. Golden fringe is added to the standard. Copies of the standard are used inside their office, at the Kremlin, other state agencies, and while the president is traveling in a vehicle inside Russia. A 2:3 ratio version of the flag is used when the President is at sea. This is the most used symbol to denote the presence of the Russian President.

===Special copy of the Constitution===
The President also has a special copy of the [[Constitution of Russia|Russian Constitution]] that is used during the inauguration. This copy has a hard, red cover with gold lettering. An image of the Russian coat of arms appears in silver. The special copy is kept in the Presidential Library.

===Legal basis of the insignia===
These insignia and the procedure were established by the [[Decree of the President of Russia|presidential decree]] 1138 from 5 August 1996,<ref>Coбpaниe зaкoнoдaтeльcтвa Рoccийcкoй Фeдepaции 1996, №33, ar. 3976</ref> and modified by decree 832 from 6 May 2000.<ref>Coбpaниe зaкoнoдaтeльcтвa Рoccийcкoй Фeдepaции 2000, №19, ar. 2068</ref> In the new decree the special copy of the Constitution was removed as the third symbol of the Russian Presidency; the other two symbols remained intact because they were and are regulated by separate decrees. Nonetheless, the special copy of the Constitution still exists and serves for inauguration purposes only without being officially presented as a symbol of the Russian Presidency.

===Presidential Fanfare===
[[File:Fanfares of President of the Russian Federation.ogg|thumb|The Presidential Fanfare]]
The Presidential Fanfare is a composition played exclusively for the President of Russia, when they enter a place or an event.

==Powers and duties==
[[File:Address to the Federal Assembly (2012-12-12) - 09.jpeg|upright=1.15|thumb|President Vladimir Putin delivering the 2012 [[Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly (Russia)|Address to the Federal Assembly]]]]

===Guarantor of the Constitution===
As the guarantor of the Constitution and the entire system of constitutional law, the president ensures that the constitutions, laws and regulations of the constituent territories of the Russian Federation be in full compliance with the country's Constitution and federal laws.

===Nominations===
The president is highly active in appointing top officials in the country. They nominate candidates for official state positions, who must ultimately be appointed based on parliamentary vote. The president submits nominations to the [[Federation Council of Russia|Federation Council]], the [[upper house]] of [[Federal Assembly of Russia|the parliament]], for judges of the [[Constitutional Court of Russia|Constitutional Court]] and the [[Supreme Court of Russia|Supreme Court]], as well as for [[Prosecutor-General of Russia|prosecutor general of Russia]]. A proposal to relieve the prosecutor general of their duties must also be submitted to the Federation Council. The president submits to the [[State Duma]], the [[lower house]] of parliament, nominations for appointment to the office of the chairperson of the [[Central Bank of Russia|Central Bank]], and likewise submits to the State Duma any proposal to relieve the chairperson of the Central Bank of their duties.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/articles/president03.shtml |title=Authority and Duties of the President |publisher=Archive.kremlin.ru |access-date=3 March 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140210072025/http://archive.kremlin.ru/eng/articles/president03.shtml |archive-date=10 February 2014  }}</ref>

===Legislation===
Under the procedure stipulated by the Constitution, the president exercises their [[Right of initiative (legislative)|right to submit draft legislation]], as well as the right to [[sign into law|sign bills into law]] or to [[veto]] them.

The president has the right to suspend laws and [[regulation]]s issued by executive bodies of Russia's constituent territories if such laws and regulations contravene the Constitution, federal laws or international obligations of the Russian Federation, or violate [[human rights in Russia|human]] and [[civil rights]] and liberties, pending the resolution of the issue in an appropriate court.

The president can [[Decree of the President of Russia|issue by-laws by decree]], so long as such decrees are not in contradiction with existing laws (both local and federal), Russia's international agreements or the Russian Constitution.

The president is further empowered to grant federal [[Pardon#Russia|pardons]] and reprieves, and to convene and adjourn either or both houses of the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Federal Assembly]] under extraordinary circumstances.

Other powers of the president in the sphere of legal activities and in their interaction with the parliament include calling [[Elections in Russia|elections]] to the State Duma, [[Dissolving parliament#Russia|dissolving the State Duma]] in certain cases, and calling a [[referendum]].

===Domestic policy===
Under the Constitution, the president is not empowered to determine the full range of short-, middle-, and long-term objectives and targets of domestic policy, but only its basic guidelines. In practice, they determine it with the prime minister and the government of the federation. They are to be implemented both by the president themself and by the government of Russia within the bounds of their authority. The president's fundamental positions on domestic policy issues are expressed in their written decisions regarding draft federal constitutional laws and draft federal laws, as well as their letters explaining the reasons for rejecting draft federal laws.

Within the bounds of the authority granted to the head of state by the Constitution and other laws, the president also shapes the basic domestic policy guidelines by issuing legal regulations and through organizational and regulatory activity, such as issuing decrees and executive orders. Each year the president is required to make an Address to the Federal Assembly regarding the situation in the country and the internal and foreign policy of the state.

===Foreign policy===
[[File:Dmitry Medvedev and Barack Obama 7 July-3.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|President [[Dmitry Medvedev]] with [[US President|US president]] [[Barack Obama]] in 2009]]
The president is invested with extensive rights to implement the state's foreign policy. The president determines [[Foreign relations of Russia|Russia's position in international affairs]], along with the prime minister and the government of the federation, and represents the state in international relations, conducts negotiations and signs [[ratification]] documents. The president appoints and recalls [[diplomatic representative]]s of Russia to foreign states and [[international organization]]s. These appointments are preceded by consultations with the respective committees or commissions of the [[bicameralism|two houses]] of the Federal Assembly. The president signs [[international treaty|international treaties]].

=== Commander-in-chief ===
[[File:Insignia of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces.svg|thumb|Insignia of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief]]
The president of Russia bears ultimate authority over the [[Russian Armed Forces]] as "Supreme [[Commander-in-chief|Commander-in-Chief]]", a role established by Article 87 of the Constitution. In this capacity, the president issues military directives, makes defence policy and appoints the High Command of the Armed Forces.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces |url=http://en.kremlin.ru/structure/president/authority/commander |access-date=3 December 2022 |website=President of Russia |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203193424/http://en.kremlin.ru/structure/president/authority/commander |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Osborn |first1=Andrew |last2=Antonov |first2=Dmitry |date=22 February 2022 |title=Putin orders troops to Ukraine after recognizing breakaway regions |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/kremlin-says-no-concrete-plans-summit-with-biden-over-ukraine-2022-02-21/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |archive-date=21 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221114449/https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/kremlin-says-no-concrete-plans-summit-with-biden-over-ukraine-2022-02-21/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Talmazan |first1=Yuliya |last2=Alex |last3=Smith |first3=er |last4=Smith |first4=Allan |title=Putin orders troops to eastern Ukraine after formally recognizing breakaway regions |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/talk-biden-putin-summit-ukraine-shelling-rcna17033 |access-date=3 December 2022 |website=www.nbcnews.com |date=22 February 2022 |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203193419/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/talk-biden-putin-summit-ukraine-shelling-rcna17033 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Maynes">{{Cite news |last1=Maynes |first1=Charles |last2=Hayda |first2=Julian |date=19 October 2022 |title=Putin orders martial law in occupied Ukrainian areas as Kyiv's forces gain ground |language=en |work=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/10/19/1129853677/an-occupied-region-of-ukraine-is-evacuating-residents-to-russia |access-date=3 December 2022 |archive-date=3 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203193419/https://www.npr.org/2022/10/19/1129853677/an-occupied-region-of-ukraine-is-evacuating-residents-to-russia |url-status=live }}</ref>

Furthermore, several articles of the Defence Statute enable the president to order a general or partial [[mobilization]] of the military, announce [[martial law]], oversee the war industry and make regulations.<ref name="Maynes"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2022 |title=Putin orders partial military call-up, sparking protests |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-donetsk-f64f9c91f24fc81bc8cc65e8bc7748f4 |access-date=3 December 2022 |website=AP NEWS |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203190327/https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-donetsk-f64f9c91f24fc81bc8cc65e8bc7748f4 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2022 |title=Putin mobilises reservists to fight in Ukraine |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-62984985 |access-date=3 December 2022 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |archive-date=13 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213100806/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-62984985 |url-status=live }}</ref>

A 2020 military doctrine governs the use of [[Russia and weapons of mass destruction|Russian nuclear arms]]; it allows the president to launch atomic weapons in response to [[Weapon of mass destruction|WMD]] or [[ballistic missile]] strikes, attacks that threaten the integrity of the nuclear arsenal, and attacks that may jeopardise the country as a whole.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2022 |title=Factbox: The chain of command for potential Russian nuclear strikes |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/what-is-chain-command-potential-russian-nuclear-strikes-2022-03-02/ |access-date=3 December 2022 |archive-date=3 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203193419/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/what-is-chain-command-potential-russian-nuclear-strikes-2022-03-02/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Ceremonial duties===
An important ceremonial role of the president is awarding state awards. [[List of orders, decorations, and medals of the Russian Federation|State Awards of the Russian Federation]] are the highest form of official recognition given to individuals for service to the nation in the fields of defense, state-building, economics, science, culture, art, education, health care, public safety, rights advocacy and charity. The state awards of the Russian Federation include the title of [[Hero of the Russian Federation]], [[Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation]] as well as orders, medals, emblems and honorary titles. New state honors and awards can be established by the president, who also presents these honors to the recipients in an official ceremony. A Commission for State Honors, which works on a voluntary basis, helps the president to objectively assess potential recipients.

==Residences==
[[File:2018 inauguration of Vladimir Putin 05.jpg|upright=1.35|right|thumb|Vladimir Putin in the presidential cabinet]]
[[File:Kremlin Senate-1.jpg|upright=0.9|thumb|The [[Kremlin Senate]] is the working residence of the President of Russia.]]

The primary working president's residence is the [[Kremlin Senate|Senate building]] (also known as 1st building) in the [[Moscow Kremlin]] complex.<ref name="residences">[http://www.kremlin.ru/eng/articles/atributesEng09.shtml The Presidential Residences] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090828095301/http://www.kremlin.ru/eng/articles/atributesEng09.shtml |date=28 August 2009 }}</ref> Also the president can use the [[Grand Kremlin Palace]] (used for official ceremonies and meetings). Previously, the president also could use the so-called 14th Administrative Corpus Building (the reserve residence), but in 2016, it was demolished.<ref name="residences" />

Since 2000, the current home residence of the president is ''[[Novo-Ogaryovo]]'' ({{langx|ru|Ново-Огарёво}}). It was planned that it would remain at the disposal of Vladimir Putin after his term ended, as ''Gorki-9'' ({{langx|ru|Горки-9}}) (also called ''[[Barvikha]]'' ({{langx|ru|Барвиха}}), but actually near it) had remained at the disposal of Boris Yeltsin after his retirement.

Also, the president has several vacation residences outside of Moscow.<ref>[http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=740687 Vladimir Putin Residences] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527054538/http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=740687 |date=27 May 2010 }}, Kommersant, #18(3594), 7 February 2007</ref>
* ''[[Rus' State Residence]]'' (Zavidovo), [[Tver Oblast]]
* [[Strelna#Family home of the Konstantinovichi|''Congress Palace'' or ''Constantine Palace'' complex]] ({{langx|ru|Дворец конгрессов, Константиновский дворец}}), [[Strelna]], [[Saint Petersburg]], reconstructed for 300th Saint Petersburg anniversary
* ''[[Bocharov Ruchey]]'' ({{langx|ru|Боча́ров Руче́й}}, lit. Bocharov [[stream|creek]]), [[Sochi]]
* ''Shuyskaya Chupa'' ({{langx|ru|Шу́йская Чупа́}}) at a distance of 25&nbsp;km from [[Petrozavodsk]], [[Karelia]]
* ''[[Dolgiye Borody (residence)|Dolgiye Borody]]'' ({{langx|ru|Долгие Бороды}}) (also known as ''Uzhin'' {{langx|ru|Ужи́н}}<!--don't mix with "у́жин" - supper -->) at a distance of 20&nbsp;km from [[Valday (inhabited locality)|Valday]], [[Novgorod Oblast]]
* ''Volzhskiy Utyos'' sanatorium ({{langx|ru|Во́лжский утёс}}, lit. [[Cliff]]-upon-Volga) on [[Kuybyshev Reservoir]] shore
* ''Tantal'' tourist centre ({{langx|ru|Танта́л}}, lit. [[Tantalum]]) on [[Volga River|Volga]] bank, at a distance of 25&nbsp;km from [[Saratov]]
* ''Sosny'' ({{langx|ru|Со́сны}}, lit. [[pine]]s) on [[Yenisei River|Yenisei]] bank, near [[Krasnoyarsk]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ngs24.ru/text/realty/2020/08/10/69412180/|title=Другой "Удачный": гуляем по элитному району, где шикарные коттеджи соседствуют с развалившимися бараками|language=ru|publisher=ngs24.ru|date=10 August 2020|accessdate=14 December 2023}}</ref>
* ''Angarskie hutora'' ({{langx|ru|Анга́рские хутора́}}, lit. Steadings of [[Angarsk]]) at a distance of 47&nbsp;km from [[Irkutsk]]
* ''Maly istok'' ({{langx|ru|Ма́лый исто́к}}, lit. The small headspring) inside [[Ekaterineburg]] [[forestry]]

==Political affiliation==
None of the Russian presidents to date have ever been a member of a [[political party]] while in office. In 2012, commenting on stepping down from the post of [[United Russia]] party leader, Vladimir Putin said "The constitution doesn't forbid the president to be a member of any party, but in the spirit of how our political life has evolved, a president is first and foremost a consolidating figure for all the political forces of the country, for all citizens".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://themoscownews.com/politics/20120424/189662904.html |title=Putin steps down as United Russia head |publisher=Themoscownews.com |date=24 April 2012 |access-date=3 March 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228002950/http://themoscownews.com/politics/20120424/189662904.html |archive-date=28 February 2014  }}</ref>

==Transport==
National transport services for the Russian president and the [[Presidential state car (Russia)|presidential state car]] are provided by the [[Special Purpose Garage]] (SPG).<ref>[http://www.kremlin.ru/articles/atributes13.shtml President's transports. Cars] {{in lang|ru}} {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080124124042/http://www.kremlin.ru/articles/atributes13.shtml |date=24 January 2008 }}</ref> The SPG is a unit within the [[Federal Protective Service of Russia|Federal Protective Service]].
* [[Limousine]]s [[File:2018 inauguration of Vladimir Putin 26.jpg|thumb|[[Aurus Senat]] – the official Russian presidential [[executive car]]]]
** [[Aurus Senat]] – main car
** [[Mercedes-Benz]] [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221)#S 600 Pullman Guard (2008–2013)|S600 Pullman Guard]]
* [[Escort vehicle|Escort]] cars
** Mercedes-Benz (including G-Class)
** [[Chevrolet]]
*Honorary escort (motorcycles)
** [[BMW]]
[[File:Il96-300pu-96016.jpg|thumb|[[Ilyushin Il-96|Ilyushin Il-96-300PU]] – the official [[Russian presidential aircraft]]]]
Air transport services for the president are provided by the airline company [[Rossiya Airlines]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kremlin.ru/articles/atributes14.shtml |title=President's transports. Air transport |access-date=23 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423114458/http://www.kremlin.ru/articles/atributes14.shtml |archive-date=23 April 2008  |language=ru}}</ref>
{{Main|Russian presidential aircraft}}
* Airplanes for long-distance travel
** [[Ilyushin Il-96|Ilyushin Il-96-300PU]] (long-range) – main aircraft
** [[Ilyushin Il-62]]M (long-range)
** [[Dassault Falcon 900]] (long-range)
** [[Tupolev Tu-154]] (medium-range)
** [[Yakovlev Yak-40]] (short-range)
** [[Tupolev Tu-204#Tu-214PU|Tupolev Tu-214PU]]
* [[Helicopter]]s
** [[Mil Mi-8]]

The presidential aircraft uses the same colour scheme as standard [[Rossiya (airline)|Rossiya]] aircraft, except for the use of the [[Russian coat of arms]] or the [[flag of Russia#Variant versions|presidential standard]] on the [[empennage]] instead of the [[flag of Russia]].

In the spring of 2013 a [[helipad]] was constructed in the [[Moscow Kremlin]]. According to the chief of the Kremlin Property Agency construction of a helicopter pad for the president cost 200 million rubles (about $6.4 mln). The helipad is located in the Kremlin's Tainitsky Garden close to exterior walls.<ref>{{cite web| url =http://en.ria.ru/russia/20130518/181213076/Putins-Kremlin-Helipad-Cost-64-Mln--Official.html| title =Putin's Kremlin Helipad Cost $6.4 Mln – Official| work =[[RIA Novosti]]| date =17 May 2013| access-date =18 May 2013| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20131224111926/http://en.ria.ru/russia/20130518/181213076/Putins-Kremlin-Helipad-Cost-64-Mln--Official.html| archive-date =24 December 2013| url-status =live| df =dmy-all}}</ref>

==Post-presidency==
[[File:Vladimir Putin 12 June 2001-2.jpg|upright=1.15|thumb|President Vladimir Putin with former president [[Boris Yeltsin]] on 12 June 2001]]

On 16 August 1995, President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree "On some social guarantees of persons holding public positions of the Russian Federation and the position of federal public servants." 15 June 1999 went to President Yeltsin's decree on amendments and additions to the previous decree. On 11 November 1999 Prime Minister Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the implementation of the amended decree of 15 June 1999.

On 31 December 1999, the day of the resignation of Boris Yeltsin, the president issued a decree "On guarantees of the Russian Federation President, stop exercising their powers, and their family," and the eponymous federal law was adopted by 25 January 2001.

This law establishes the legal, social and other guarantees of the Russian Federation's president, stops the execution of its powers in connection with the expiration of their term of office or in advance in the event of their resignation or permanent incapacity for health reasons to exercise the powers belonging to them and their family:

*President of Russia, ceased to carry out its mandate, regardless of age, is entitled to a monthly lifetime pay of 75% of the monthly remuneration of the President of Russia.
*In the case of the President's death their family members are entitled to a monthly allowance in the amount equal to six times the minimum old-age pension, established by the federal law on the day of their death.
*President of Russia, ceased to carry out its mandate, has immunity. They can not be held criminally or administratively liable for acts committed by them during the execution of the President's powers, as well as arrested, detained, interrogated and subjected to a personal search, if these actions are carried out in the course of proceedings relating to the execution of their powers as president.

Beginning in 1999, all living former presidents were granted a pension, an office, and a staff. The pension has increased numerous times. Retired presidents receive a pension based on the salary of the government. All former presidents, their spouses, and their children until age 16 are protected by the [[Federal Protective Service (Russia)|Federal Protective Service]] until the president's death. A spouse who remarries or divorced from president is no longer eligible for Federal Protective Service protection.

In 2020, the Constitution was amended to grant the former president immunity (except if they were removed from office by impeachment). This immunity may be lifted in the same manner as the impeachment procedure. Also, in accordance with the amendments, former presidents (except if they were removed from office by impeachment) were granted the right to become [[senators for life]].<ref name=Constitution2020/>

[[File:Yeltsin Center-Yekaterinburg.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Boris Yeltsin Presidential Center]], Yekaterinburg]]
In May 2008, the Federal law №68, "On centers of historical heritage of presidents of the Russian Federation ceased to carry out its powers", was adopted.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rg.ru/2008/05/16/presidenty-centry-dok.html|script-title=ru:Федеральный закон о центрах исторического наследия президентов РФ, прекративших исполнение своих полномочий|website=Российская газета|language=ru|access-date=24 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011165832/https://rg.ru/2008/05/16/presidenty-centry-dok.html|archive-date=11 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> According to this law, the objectives of the centers are the study and public presentation of historical heritage of presidents of Russia as an integral part of the modern history of Russia, the development of democratic institutions and the rule of law. The centers will be built for each former president of Russia. The first such [[Boris Yeltsin Presidential Center|center dedicated to Boris Yeltsin]] was opened in 2015 in [[Yekaterinburg]]. In the future the creation of presidential centers for Vladimir Putin and Dmitry Medvedev is also planned.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://altapress.ru/story/v-rossii-poyavyatsya-medvedev-tsentr-i-putin-tsentr-191138|script-title=ru:В России появятся Медведев Центр и Путин Центр|date=22 November 2016|language=ru|website=AltaPress|access-date=24 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011165853/http://altapress.ru/story/v-rossii-poyavyatsya-medvedev-tsentr-i-putin-tsentr-191138|archive-date=11 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

==List of presidents==
{{Main|List of presidents of Russia}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan=2| {{abbr|No.|Number}}
! rowspan=2| Portrait
! rowspan=2| Name<br>{{small|(Birth–Death)}}
! colspan=3| Term
! rowspan=2| Political party
! rowspan=2| Election
|-
! Took office
! Left office
! Duration
{{Officeholder table
| order2 = 1
| image = Борис Николаевич Ельцин-1 (cropped).jpg
| officeholder = [[Boris Yeltsin]]
| born_year = 1931
| died_year = 2007
| term_start = 10 July 1991
| term_end = 31 December 1999
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1991|07|10|1999|12|31}}
| alt_party = Independent politician
| election = [[1991 Russian presidential election|1991]]<br>[[1996 Russian presidential election|1996]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order2 = –
| image = RIAN archive 100306 Vladimir Putin, Federal Security Service Director (3x4 cropped).jpg
| officeholder = [[Vladimir Putin]]
| born_year = 1952
| died_year = 
| term_start = 31 December 1999
| term_end = 7 May 2000
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|1999|12|31|2000|05|07}}
| acting = y
| alt_party = Unity (Russian political party)
| election = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order2 = 2
| image = Vladimir Putin official portrait (cropped).jpg
| officeholder = [[Vladimir Putin]]
| born_year = 1952
| died_year = 
| term_start = 7 May 2000
| term_end = 7 May 2008
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2000|05|07|2008|05|07}}
| alt_party = Independent politician
| election = [[2000 Russian presidential election|2000]]<br>[[2004 Russian presidential election|2004]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order2 = 3
| image = Dmitry Medvedev official large photo -1 (cropped).jpg
| officeholder = [[Dmitry Medvedev]]
| born_year = 1965
| died_year = 
| term_start = 7 May 2008
| term_end = 7 May 2012
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2008|05|07|2012|05|07}}
| alt_party = United Russia
| election = [[2008 Russian presidential election|2008]]
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order2 = 4
| image = Владимир Путин (18-06-2023) (cropped) 2.png
| officeholder = [[Vladimir Putin]]
| born_year = 1952
| died_year = 
| term_start = 7 May 2012
| timeinoffice = {{ayd|2012|05|07}}
| alt_party = Independent politician
| election = [[2012 Russian presidential election|2012]]<br>[[2018 Russian presidential election|2018]]<br>[[2024 Russian presidential election|2024]]
}}
|}

==Timeline==
{{#tag:timeline|
ImageSize = width:900 height:auto barincrement:16
PlotArea  = top:10 bottom:100 right:150 left:20
AlignBars = late

Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}

Colors =
  id:ind value:rgb(0.86,0.86,0.86) legend:Independent
  id:united value:rgb(0.13,0.34,0.68) legend:United_Russia
  id:unity  value:rgb(0.13,0.50,0.81) legend:Unity
  
  id:gray1  value:gray(0.85)
  id:gray2  value:gray(0.95)

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period     = from:01/01/1991 till:$today
TimeAxis   = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:5 start:1991
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1991

Legend     = columns:1 left:150 top:60 columnwidth:170
 
TextData =
  pos:(20,65) textcolor:black fontsize:M
  text:"Political party:"

BarData =
 bar:Yeltsin
 bar:Putin
 bar:Medvedev
 
PlotData =
  width:5 align:left fontsize:9 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

 bar:Yeltsin
  from: 10/07/1991 till: 31/12/1999 color:ind text:"[[Boris Yeltsin]]"
 bar:Putin
  from: 31/12/1999 till: 07/05/2000 color:unity 
  from: 07/05/2000 till: 07/05/2008 color:ind
  from: 07/05/2012 till: $today     color:ind text:"[[Vladimir Putin]]"
 bar:Medvedev
  from: 07/05/2008 till: 07/05/2012 color:united text:"[[Dmitry Medvedev]]"
 
}}

==List of presidential administrations==
* [[Presidency of Boris Yeltsin]]
* [[Presidency of Vladimir Putin]]
* [[Presidency of Dmitry Medvedev]]

==See also==
{{div col|small=no|colwidth=30em}}
* [[List of presidents of Russia]]
* [[List of Russian presidential candidates]]
* [[List of heads of state of Russia]]
* [[Lifespan timeline of presidents of Russia]]
* [[First Lady of Russia]]
* [[Prime Minister of Russia]]
* [[President of the Soviet Union]]
* [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]
* [[Russian presidential administration]]
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
*Attribution note: Material from the powers and duties section of this article was originally published by the website of the Office of the President of Russia.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Presidents of Russia}}
*{{official website|http://eng.kremlin.ru/}} – the President of Russia
*[https://www.economist.com/leaders/2012/03/03/the-beginning-of-the-end-of-putin 'Vladimir Putin will once again become Russia's president'] – ''The Economist'' (3 March 2012)

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{{DEFAULTSORT:President Of Russia}}
[[Category:Presidents of Russia| ]]
[[Category:Government of Russia]]
[[Category:1991 establishments in Russia]]