View source for Prime Minister of Malaysia

{{Short description|Head of government of Malaysia}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Prime Minister
| body = Malaysia
| native_name = {{lang|ms|Perdana Menteri Malaysia}}<br>{{lang|ms|{{Script|Arab|ڤردان منتري مليسيا}}}}
| insignia = Coat of arms of Malaysia.svg
| insigniasize = 100px
| insigniacaption = [[Coat of arms of Malaysia]]
| flag = Office-of-Prime-Minister-Of-Malaysia.png
| flagsize = 130px
| flagcaption = {{small|Emblem of the Prime Minister's Office}}
| image = 20251026_Anwar_Ibrahim_47th_ASEAN_Summit.jpg
| incumbent = [[Anwar Ibrahim]]
| incumbentsince = 24 November 2022
| department = [[Government of Malaysia]]<br />[[Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)|Prime Minister's Department]]
| style = Prime Minister<br />{{small|(informal)}}<br />[[Malay titles|Yang Amat Berhormat]]<br />{{small|(formal)}}<br />[[The Right Honourable]]<br />{{small|(within the Commonwealth)}}<br />[[Excellency|His Excellency]]<br />{{small|(diplomatic)}}
| type = [[Head of government]]
| member_of = {{ubl|[[Cabinet of Malaysia|Cabinet]]|[[Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)|Prime Minister's Department]]|National Finance Council|[[National Security Council (Malaysia)|National Security Council]]|[[Dewan Rakyat|House of Representatives]]}}
| reports_to = [[Parliament of Malaysia|Parliament]]
| residence = [[Seri Perdana]], [[Putrajaya]]
| seat = [[Perdana Putra]], [[Putrajaya]]
| nominator = 
| appointer = [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]]
| termlength = Five years, renewable
| constituting_instrument = [[Constitution of Malaysia]]
| formation = {{start date and age|df=yes|1957|08|31}}
| inaugural = [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]]
| salary = [[Malaysian ringgit|RM]]22,826.65/US$ 5,106 per month<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cpps.org.my/images/articles/Fact%20Sheet%20Remuneration%20of%20Elected%20Officials%20in%20Malaysia.pdf|title=CPPS Policy Factsheet: Remuneration of Elected Officials in Malaysia|publisher=Centre for Public Policy Studies|access-date=11 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511013733/http://cpps.org.my/images/articles/Fact%20Sheet%20Remuneration%20of%20Elected%20Officials%20in%20Malaysia.pdf|archive-date=11 May 2016}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|https://www.pmo.gov.my/}}
}}
{{Politics of Malaysia}}

The '''prime minister'''<!--"prime minister" is uncapitalised here because it is preceded by modifier "The", per [[MOS:JOBTITLES]] bullet 3 and table column 2 example 1.--> '''of Malaysia''' ({{langx|ms|Perdana Menteri Malaysia}}; {{langx|ms-Arab|{{Script/Arabic|ڤردان منتري مليسيا}}|label=[[Jawi alphabet|Jawi]]}}) is the [[head of government]] of [[Malaysia]]. The prime minister directs the [[executive branch]] of the [[Government of Malaysia|federal government]]. The [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]] appoints the prime minister who is a [[member of Parliament]] (MP) who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. The prime minister is usually the leader of the party winning the most seats in a general election. 

After the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]], whom was the chief minister of the [[Federation of Malaya]] at the time, became the first prime minister of Malaysia.

The current prime minister is [[Anwar Ibrahim]], who was elected in the [[2022 Malaysian general election]].

== Appointment ==
[[File:Perdana Putra building 2005.jpg|thumb|right|The prime minister's office at [[Perdana Putra]], [[Putrajaya]]]]
According to the [[Constitution of Malaysia|Federal Constitution]], the [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]] shall first appoint a prime minister to preside over the [[Cabinet of Malaysia|Cabinet]]. The prime minister is to be a member of the [[Dewan Rakyat]] (House of Representatives), and must have the confidence of the majority of the members of that House. This person must be a Malaysian citizen, but cannot have obtained their citizenship by means of naturalisation or registration. The [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]] shall appoint other ministers from either the Dewan Rakyat or [[Dewan Negara]] (Senate) with the prime minister's advice.

The prime minister and his/her cabinet ministers must take and subscribe to the oath of office and allegiance as well as the oath of secrecy in the presence of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong before they can exercise functions of office. The [[Cabinet of Malaysia|Cabinet]] is collectively accountable to the [[Parliament of Malaysia]]. The members of the Cabinet shall not hold any office of profit and engage in any trade, business or profession that will cause a [[conflict of interest]]. The [[Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)|Prime Minister's Department]] (sometimes referred to as the Prime Minister's Office) is the body and ministry in which the prime minister exercises his/her functions and powers.

In the case where a government cannot get its [[appropriation (law)|appropriation]] (budget) legislation passed by the House of Representatives, or when the House passes a no confidence vote in the government, the prime minister is bound by convention to resign immediately. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's choice of replacement prime minister will be dictated by the circumstances. All other ministers shall continue to hold office by the pleasure of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, unless if the appointment of any minister is revoked by his/her majesty upon the advice of the prime minister. Any minister may resign his/her office.

Following a resignation in other circumstances, defeat in an election, or the death of a prime minister, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong would generally appoint as the new leader of the governing party or coalition as new Prime Minister.

Malaysia uses a [[first-past-the-post-voting]] system, which means a party or coalition will lead a government if they manage to gain 112 seats in the Dewan Rakyat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20221119091244-106-875813/malaysia-gelar-pemilu-hari-ini|title=Malaysia Gelar Pemilu Hari Ini|lang=id|work=CNN Indonesia|date=19 November 2022|access-date=26 November 2022}}</ref>

== Powers ==
{{see also|Malaysian federal budget}}
The power of the prime minister is subject to a number of limitations. Prime ministers removed as leader of his or her party, or whose government loses a [[vote of no confidence]] in the House of Representatives, must advise a new election of the lower house or resign the office. The defeat of a [[supply bill]] (one that concerns the spending of money) or unable to pass important policy-related legislation is seen to require the resignation of the government or dissolution of [[Parliament]], much like a non-confidence vote, since a government that cannot spend money is hamstrung, also called [[loss of supply]].

The prime minister's party will normally have a majority in the [[House of Representatives (Malaysia)|House of Representatives]] and party discipline is exceptionally strong in Malaysian politics, so passage of the government's legislation through the House of Representatives is mostly a formality.

Under the Constitution, the prime minister's role includes advising the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on:
* the appointment of the federal ministers (full members of cabinet);
* the appointment of the federal deputy ministers, parliamentary secretaries (non-full members of cabinet);
* the appointment of 44 out of 70 Senators in the [[Dewan Negara]];
* the summoning and adjournment of sittings of the [[Dewan Rakyat]];
* the appointment of judges of the superior courts (which are the High Courts, the Court of Appeal, and the Federal Court);
* the appointment of the attorney-general and the auditor-general; and
* the appointment of the chairmen and members of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission, [[Election Commission of Malaysia|Election Commission]], Police Force Commission, Education Service Commission, National Finance Council, and [[Malaysian Armed Forces Council|Armed Forces Council]];

Under Article 39 of the Constitution, executive authority is vested in the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. However, Article 40(1) states that in most cases, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong is bound to exercise his powers on the advice of the Cabinet or a minister acting under the Cabinet's general authority. Thus, in practice, actual governing authority is vested in the Prime Minister and Cabinet.

=== Acting prime minister ===
From time to time, prime ministers are required to leave the country on business and a deputy is appointed to take their place during that time. In the days before jet aeroplanes, such absences could be for extended periods. However, the position can be fully decided by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the king of Malaysia when the position remains empty following the sudden resignation or death of the prime minister.{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}

=== Caretaker prime minister ===
Under Article 55(3) of [[Constitution of Malaysia]], the [[Dewan Rakyat|lower house of Parliament]], unless sooner dissolved by the [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]] with his own discretion on the advice of the prime minister, shall continue for five years from the date of its first meeting. Article 55(4) of the Constitution permits a delay of 60 days in the holding of the general election from the date of dissolution and Parliament shall be summoned to meet on a date not later than 120 days from the date of dissolution. Conventionally, between the dissolution of one Parliament and the convening of the next, the prime minister and the [[Cabinet of Malaysia|cabinet]] remain in office in a [[Caretaker government|caretaker]] capacity.{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}

== List of prime ministers of Malaysia ==
'''Colour key''' (for political coalitions/parties):

{{legend2|{{party color|Alliance Party (Malaysia)}}|[[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (2) {{legend2|{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}|[[Barisan Nasional]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (6) {{legend2|{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}|[[Pakatan Harapan]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (2) {{legend2|#031e61|[[Perikatan Nasional]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (1)
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.4em; text-align:center"
! rowspan=2 | #
! rowspan=2 |Portrait
! rowspan=2 width="215" |Prime Minister<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)<br />Constituency}}
! colspan=3 |Term of office
! rowspan=2 |Mandate{{efn|Legend for mandate portion of column:{{Columns-list |colwidth=35em|
;{{box|width=6ch|text align=center|border size=1px|border color=silver|1955}} a year : indicates a general election won by the government or that led to the formation of a government (the year links to the election's article);
;{{box|width=6ch|text align=center|border size=1px|border color=silver|(2022)}} a parenthesised year : indicates an election resulting in no single party or coalition winning a parliamentary majority (the year links to the election's article);
;{{box|width=6ch|text align=center|border size=1px|border color=silver|—}} a dash : indicates the formation of a [[majority government]] without an election.}}|name=Mandate}}
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 |Party{{efn|This column names only the Prime Minister's party. The government may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; those are not listed here.}}
! rowspan=2 |[[Cabinet of Malaysia|Government]]
! rowspan=2 |[[Yang di-Pertuan Agong|Monarch(s)]]
|-
! style="width:70px;" |Took office
! style="width:70px;" |Left office
! style="width:70px;" |Time in office
|-
| rowspan=4 | 1
| rowspan="4" |[[File:Tunku_abd_rahman_(cropped,_4to3_port).jpg|107x107px]]
| rowspan="4" |{{small|His Highness}}<br>'''[[Tunku Abdul Rahman]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|تونکو عبد الرحمن}}}}<br>{{small|(1903{{ndash}}1990)<br>[[Member of Parliament|MP]] for [[Kuala Kedah (federal constituency)|Kuala Kedah]]}}
| rowspan=4 class="nowrap" |{{small|31 August}}<br>1957
| rowspan=4 class="nowrap" |{{small|22 September}}<br>1970
| rowspan=4 |{{ayd|1957|8|31|1970|9|22|df=y|duration=on}}
|[[1955 Malayan general election|1955]]
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="{{party color|Alliance Party (Malaysia)}}"|
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[First Rahman cabinet|Rahman I]]
| rowspan=4|[[Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan|Abdul Rahman]]
----
[[Hisamuddin of Selangor|Hisamuddin]]
----
[[Putra of Perlis|Putra]]
----
[[Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu|Ismail Nasiruddin]]
----
[[Abdul Halim of Kedah|Abdul Halim]]
|-
|[[1959 Malayan general election|1959]]
|[[Second Rahman cabinet|Rahman II]]
|-
|[[1964 Malaysian general election|1964]]
|[[Third Rahman cabinet|Rahman III]]
|-
|[[1969 Malaysian general election|1969]]
|[[Fourth Rahman cabinet|Rahman IV]]
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Ministers, ontvangsten, buitenlandse betrekkingen, Luns, JAMH, Razak Tun Abd, Bestanddeelnr 083-0834 (cropped).jpg|106x106px]]
| rowspan="2" |{{small|Tun Haji}}<br/>'''[[Abdul Razak Hussein]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|عبد الرزاق حسين}}}}<br>{{small|(1922–1976)<br>MP for [[Pekan (federal constituency)|Pekan]]}}
| rowspan="2" class="nowrap" |{{small|22 September}}<br>1970
| rowspan="2" class="nowrap" |{{small|14 January}}<br>1976{{efn|Died in office.}}
| rowspan=2 | {{ayd|1970|9|22|1976|1|14|df=y|duration=on}}
|{{Ndash}}
| bgcolor="{{party color|Alliance Party (Malaysia)}}"|
|bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[First Razak cabinet|Razak I]]
| rowspan="2" |Abdul Halim
----
[[Yahya Petra of Kelantan|Yahya Petra]]
|-
|[[1974 Malaysian general election|1974]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}"|
|bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Barisan Nasional|BN]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[Second Razak cabinet|Razak II]]
|-
| rowspan=2 | 3
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Tun Hussein Onn.jpg|107x107px]]
| rowspan="2" |{{small|Tun}}<br/>'''[[Hussein Onn]]'''<br/>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|حسين عون}}}}<br/>{{small|(1922–1990)<br/>MP for [[Sri Gading (federal constituency)|Sri Gading]]}}
| rowspan="2" class="nowrap" |{{small|15 January}}<br/>1976
| rowspan="2" class="nowrap" |{{small|16 July}}<br/>1981
| rowspan=2 | {{ayd|1976|1|15|1981|7|16|df=y|duration=on}}
|{{Ndash}}
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}"|
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Barisan Nasional|BN]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[First Hussein cabinet|Hussein I]]
| rowspan="2" |Yahya Petra
----
[[Ahmad Shah of Pahang|Ahmad Shah]]
|-
|[[1978 Malaysian general election|1978]]
|[[Second Hussein cabinet|Hussein II]]
|-
| rowspan=6 | 4
| rowspan="6" | [[File:Mahathir Bin Mohamed, Prime Minister of Malaysia (cropped, 3to4).jpg|106x106px]]
| rowspan="6" |{{small|Tun Dr.}}<br>'''[[Mahathir Mohamad]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|محاضير محمد}}}}<br>{{small|(born 1925)<br>MP for [[Kubang Pasu (federal constituency)|Kubang Pasu]]}}
| rowspan="6" class="nowrap" |{{small|16 July}}<br>1981
| rowspan="6" class="nowrap" |{{small|30 October}}<br>2003
| rowspan=6 | {{ayd|1981|7|16|2003|10|30|df=y|duration=on}}
|—
| rowspan="6" bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}"|
| rowspan="6" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Barisan Nasional|BN]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[First Mahathir cabinet|Mahathir I]]
| rowspan="6" |Ahmad Shah
----
[[Iskandar of Johor|Iskandar]]
----
[[Azlan Shah of Perak|Azlan Shah]]
----
[[Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan|Ja'afar]]
----
[[Salahuddin of Selangor|Salahuddin]]
----
[[Sirajuddin of Perlis|Sirajuddin]]
|-
|[[1982 Malaysian general election|1982]]
|[[Second Mahathir cabinet|Mahathir II]]
|-
|[[1986 Malaysian general election|1986]]
|[[Third Mahathir cabinet|Mahathir III]]
|-
|[[1990 Malaysian general election|1990]]
|[[Fourth Mahathir cabinet|Mahathir IV]]
|-
|[[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]]
|[[Fifth Mahathir cabinet|Mahathir V]]
|-
|[[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]]
|[[Sixth Mahathir cabinet|Mahathir VI]]
|-
| rowspan=3 | 5
| rowspan="3" |[[File:Condoleezza Rice et Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (cropped, 3to4 portrait).jpg|106x106px]]
| rowspan="3" |{{small|Tun}}<br>{{nowrap|'''[[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]]'''}}<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|عبد الله أحمد بدوي}}}}<br>{{small|(1939–2025)<br>MP for [[Kepala Batas (federal constituency)|Kepala Batas]]}}
| rowspan="3" class="nowrap" |{{small|31 October}}<br>2003
| rowspan="3" class="nowrap" |{{small|3 April}}<br>2009
| rowspan=3| {{ayd|2003|10|31|2009|4|3|df=y|duration=on}}
|—
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}"|
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Barisan Nasional|BN]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[First Abdullah cabinet|Abdullah I]]
| rowspan="3" |Sirajuddin
----
[[Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu|Mizan Zainal Abidin]]
|-
|[[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]]
|[[Second Abdullah cabinet|Abdullah II]]
|-
|[[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]]
|[[Third Abdullah cabinet|Abdullah III]]
|-
| rowspan=2 | 6
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak_(9to12).JPG|107x107px]]
| rowspan="2" |{{small|Dato' Sri}}<br>'''[[Najib Razak|Mohd Najib Abdul Razak]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|محمد نجيب عبد الرزاق}}}}<br>{{small|(born 1953)<br>MP for Pekan}}
| rowspan="2" class="nowrap" |{{small|3 April}}<br>2009
| rowspan="2" class="nowrap" |{{small|9 May}}<br>2018
| rowspan=2| {{ayd|2009|4|3|2018|5|9|df=y|duration=on}}
|—
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}"|
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Barisan Nasional|BN]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[First Najib cabinet|Najib I]]
| rowspan="2" |Mizan Zainal Abidin
----
[[Abdul Halim of Kedah|Abdul Halim]]
----
[[Muhammad V of Kelantan|Muhammad V]]
|-
|[[2013 Malaysian general election|2013]]
|[[Second Najib cabinet|Najib II]]
|-
|7
| [[File:Mahathir Mohamad 13112018 (cropped).jpg|106x106px]]
|{{small|Tun Dr.}}<br>'''[[Mahathir Mohamad]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|محاضير محمد}}}}<br>{{small|(born 1925)<br>MP for [[Langkawi (federal constituency)|Langkawi]]}}
| class="nowrap" |{{small|10 May}}<br>2018
| class="nowrap" |{{small|24 February}}<br>2020
|{{ayd|2018|5|10|2020|2|24|df=y|duration=on}}
|[[2018 Malaysian general election|2018]]
|bgcolor="{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}" |
|bgcolor="#ffcccb" |[[Pakatan Harapan|PH]] ([[Malaysian United Indigenous Party|BERSATU]])
|[[Seventh Mahathir cabinet|Mahathir VII]]
|Muhammad V
----
[[Abdullah of Pahang|Abdullah]]
|-
| colspan="10" |{{small|''During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad was the Interim Prime Minister. (24 February–1 March 2020)''}}
| rowspan="4" |Abdullah
|-
|8
|[[File:Muhyiddin Yassin (51087589446) (cropped).jpg|106x106px]]
|{{small|Tan Sri Dato' Haji}}<br>'''[[Muhyiddin Yassin|Muhyiddin Mohd Yassin]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|محيي الدين محمد ياسين}}}}<br/>{{small|(born 1947)<br>MP for [[Pagoh (federal constituency)|Pagoh]]}}
| class="nowrap" |{{small|1 March}}<br>2020
| class="nowrap" |{{small|16 August}}<br>2021
|{{ayd|2020|3|1|2021|8|16|df=y|duration=on}}
|—
| bgcolor="{{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}" |
| bgcolor="#87add9" |[[Perikatan Nasional|PN]] ([[Malaysian United Indigenous Party|BERSATU]])
|[[Muhyiddin cabinet|Muhyiddin]]
|-
| colspan="10" |{{small|''During this interval, the incumbent Prime Minister, Muhyiddin Yassin was the Caretaker Prime Minister. (16–21 August 2021)''}}
|-
|9
|[[File:Ismail Sabri Yaakob 01042022 (cropped).jpg|106x106px]]
|{{small|Dato' Sri}}<br>'''[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|إسماعيل صبري يعقوب}}}}<br>{{small|(born 1960)<br>MP for [[Bera (federal constituency)|Bera]]}}
| class="nowrap" |{{small|21 August}}<br>2021
| class="nowrap" |{{small|24 November}}<br>2022
|{{ayd|2021|8|21|2022|11|24|df=y|duration=on}}
|—
|bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}"|
|bgcolor="#bdcbf5" |[[Barisan Nasional|BN]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|[[Ismail Sabri cabinet|Ismail Sabri]]
|-
|10
|[[File:20251026_Anwar_Ibrahim_47th_ASEAN_Summit.jpg|106x106px]]
|{{small|Dato' Seri}}<br>'''[[Anwar Ibrahim]]'''<br>{{lang|ms-arab|{{Script|Arab|أنوار إبراهيم‎}}}}<br>{{small|(born 1947)<br>MP for [[Tambun (federal constituency)|Tambun]]}}
| class="nowrap" |{{small|24 November}}<br>2022
|''Incumbent''
|{{ayd|2022|11|24|df=y|duration=on}}
|[[2022 Malaysian general election|(2022)]]
|bgcolor="{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}" |
|bgcolor="#ffcccb" |[[Pakatan Harapan|PH]] ([[People's Justice Party (Malaysia)|PKR]])
|[[Anwar Ibrahim cabinet|Anwar]]
| Abdullah
----
[[Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor|Ibrahim Iskandar]]
|}

=== Timeline ===
<timeline>
ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:12
PlotArea = top:20 bottom:80 right:100 left:20
AlignBars = late

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1957 till:31/12/2025
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1960
ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1957

Colors     =
  id:lightpurple  value:lightpurple legend:ALLIANCE
  id:blue  value:blue legend:BN
  id:red  value:red legend:PH
  id:darkblue value:darkblue legend:PN

Legend     = columns:4 left:150 top:24 columnwidth:100

TextData =
  pos:(20,27) textcolor:black fontsize:M
  text:"Party:"

BarData =
 bar:Abtunrah
 bar:Abrahus
 bar:Husonn
 bar:Mamo
 bar:Paklah
 bar:Najibraz
 bar:Abah
 bar:Ismail
 bar:Anwar

PlotData=
  width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
 bar:Abtunrah
  from: 31/08/1957 till: 22/09/1970 color:lightpurple text:"[[Tunku Abdul Rahman]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Abrahus
  from: 22/09/1970 till: 31/05/1974 color:lightpurple
  from: 01/06/1974 till: 14/01/1976 color:blue text:"[[Abdul Razak Hussein]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Husonn
  from: 15/01/1976 till: 16/07/1981 color:blue text:"[[Hussein Onn]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Mamo
  from: 16/07/1981 till: 31/10/2003 color:blue fontsize:8
 bar:Paklah
  from: 31/10/2003 till: 03/04/2009 color:blue text:"[[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Najibraz
  from: 03/04/2009 till: 09/05/2018 color:blue text:"[[Mohd Najib Abdul Razak]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Mamo
  from: 10/05/2018 till: 24/02/2020 color:red text:"[[Mahathir Mohamad]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Abah
  from: 01/03/2020 till: 16/08/2021 color:darkblue text:"[[Muhyiddin Yassin]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Ismail
  from: 21/08/2021 till: 24/11/2022 color:blue text:"[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]" fontsize:8
 bar:Anwar
  from: 24/11/2022 till:  end color:red text:"[[Anwar Ibrahim]]" fontsize:8
</timeline>

=== Notes ===
{{notelist}}

== List of acting prime ministers of Malaysia ==

'''Colour key''' (for political parties):

{{legend2|{{party color|Alliance Party (Malaysia)}}|[[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}|[[Barisan Nasional]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" |Portrait
!Name
<small>(Birth–Death)</small>
! colspan="2" |Term of office
!Notes
!Political Party
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Alliance Party (Malaysia)}}" |
| 
|[[Abdul Razak Hussein]]<br>{{small|(1922–1976)}}
|19 August 1959
|19 November 1959
|[[Abdul Razak Hussein]] was the acting prime minister after the first prime minister, [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]], stepped down as prime minister for three months in 1959 to strengthen his party, the [[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance Party]] for the [[1959 Malayan general election|1959 federal elections]].
| rowspan="2" |[[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance Party]]  <br> ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Alliance Party (Malaysia)}}" |
| 
|[[Ismail Abdul Rahman]]<br>{{small|(1915–1973)}}
|22 September 1970
|22 September 1970
|[[Ismail Abdul Rahman]] occasionally acted as acting prime minister when [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]] and [[Abdul Razak Hussein]] were abroad.
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Alliance Party (Malaysia)}}" |
|[[File:Tun VT Sambanthan.png|155x155px]]
|[[V. T. Sambanthan]]<br>{{small|(1919–1979)}}
|3 August 1973
|13 August 1973
|[[V. T. Sambanthan]] was called to serve as acting prime minister and chair the cabinet meeting for a day when the former prime minister [[Abdul Razak Hussein]] was overseas and his deputy [[Ismail Abdul Rahman]] had died.
||[[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Alliance Party]] <br>  ([[Malaysian Indian Congress|MIC]])
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}" |
|
|[[Ling Liong Sik]]<br>{{small|(b. 1943)}}
|4 February 1988
|16 February 1988
|Became the new chairman of the Barisan Nasional coalition, alongside as the acting prime minister for a few days.
||[[Barisan Nasional]] <br> ([[Malaysian Chinese Association|MCA]])
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Barisan Nasional}}" |
|[[File:Anwar_980416.jpg|155x155px]]
|[[Anwar Ibrahim]]<br>{{small|(b. 1947)}}
|19 May 1997 
|19 July 1997
|Served as the acting prime minister whilst [[Mahathir Mohamad]] was on vacation.
||[[Barisan Nasional]] <br>  ([[United Malay National Organisation|UMNO]])
|-
|}

== List of interim or caretaker prime ministers of Malaysia ==

'''Colour key''' (for political parties):

{{legend2|{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}|[[Pakatan Harapan]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|{{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}|[[Perikatan Nasional]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" |Portrait
!Name
<small>(Birth–Death)</small>
! colspan="2" |Term of office
!Notes
!Political Party
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Pakatan Harapan}}" |
|[[File:Mahathir Mohamad in 18th Summit of Non-Aligned Movement (cropped).jpg|110px]]
|[[Mahathir Mohamad]] <br> {{small|(b. 1925)}}
|24 February 2020
|1 March 2020
|Appointed during the [[2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis]] by at the time King of Malaysia [[Abdullah of Pahang]]. Prior to his appointment, there were no mentions of an interim prime minister in the [[Constitution of Malaysia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2020/02/658924/kuasa-perdana-menteri-interim-ditentukan-agong|title=Kuasa Perdana Menteri Interim ditentukan Agong|last=Yusof|first=Dr Muhammad Fathi|date=2020-02-25|website=BH Online|language=ms|access-date=2020-04-15}}</ref>
|[[Pakatan Harapan]] <br>  ([[Malaysian United Indigenous Party|BERSATU]])
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Perikatan Nasional}}" |
| [[File:Muhyiddin_Yassin_(51087589446)_(cropped).jpg|110px]]
| [[Muhyiddin Yassin]] <br> {{small|(b. 1947)}}
| 16 August 2021
| 21 August 2021
| Appointed during the [[2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis]] by at the time King of Malaysia [[Abdullah of Pahang]].
|[[Perikatan Nasional]] <br>  ([[Malaysian United Indigenous Party|BERSATU]])
|}

== List of prime ministers by time in office ==
This is a list of prime minister of Malaysia by time in office. The listed number of days is calculated as the difference between dates, which counts the number of calendar days except the last day. The length of a full prime ministerial [[term of office]] usually varies according to when the two former and latter general elections are held. If the last day is included, all numbers would be one day more, except [[Mahathir Mohamad]] would have two more days, as he served two non-consecutive terms.

Of the individuals appointed prime minister of Malaysia, one died in office ([[Abdul Razak Hussein]]), five resigned from office ([[Tunku Abdul Rahman]], [[Hussein Onn]], [[Mahathir Mohamad]], [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]] and [[Muhyiddin Yassin]]) and two lost reelection ([[Najib Razak]] and [[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]).

[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]] is spending the shortest time in office, while Mahathir spent the longest. Mahathir is the only Malaysian prime minister to have served more than three full terms.

Mahathir is the only prime minister to leave office and return for a second non-consecutive term. Consequently, while there have been 10 prime ministerships in the nation's history, only 9 people have been sworn into office as Mahathir is numbered as both the 4th and 7th prime minister. 
<gallery class="center" widths="150" heights="150" caption="Longest and shortest prime ministerships">  
File:Secretary Pompeo and Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad (43814329771) (Mahathir cropped).jpg|{{center|Longest prime ministership:<br/>[[Mahathir Mohamad]]<br/>8,805 days<br/>1981–2003 & 2018–2020}}
File:Ismail_Sabri_in_the_White_House_(cropped,_3to4_portrait).jpg|{{center|Shortest prime ministership:<br/>[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]<br/>460 days<br/>2021–2022}}
</gallery>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! data-sort-type="number" | Rank !! data-sort-type="text" | Prime minister !! class="unsortable" | Length<br/><small>''in days''</small> !! Order of prime ministership !! class="unsortable" | Number of terms
|-
| 1 || [[Mahathir Mohamad]]
| 8,805{{efn|Each of Mahathir Mohamad's two non-consecutive terms in office was 8,143 and 662 days long.}} 
| {{sort|4|4th • 16 July 1981 – 31 October 2003 <br> 7th • 10 May 2018 – 1 March 2020}}{{efn|Resigned on 24 February 2020 but served as interim prime minister from 24 February 2020 to 1 March 2020.}}  || One partial term (9 months, and 10 days) <br> followed by four full terms <br> and two non-consecutive partial terms <br> (3 years, 11 months, and 2 days) <br> and (1 year, 9 months, and 20 days)  
|-
| 2 || [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]]
| {{Age in days nts|1957|08|31|1970|09|22}}
| {{sort|1|1st • 31 August 1957 – 22 September 1970}} || Three full terms{{efn|Elected in the [[1955 Malayan general election]] for the position of chief minister on 27 July 1955 but it was renamed prime minister when Malaya gained independence from the [[United Kingdom]] on 31 August 1957, although it may not be considered a full term given that the election did not elect the prime minister, it is still considered a full term for the prime minister unless his term as chief minister is involved.}} <br> followed by one partial term (4 months, 12 days)
|-
| 3 || [[Najib Razak]]
| {{Age in days nts|2009|04|03|2018|05|10}}
| {{sort|6|6th • 3 April 2009 – 10 May 2018}} || One partial term (4 years, 1 month, and 2 days) <br> followed by one full term
|-
| 4 || [[Hussein Onn]]
| {{Age in days nts|1976|01|15|1981|07|16}} 
| {{sort|3|3rd • 15 January 1976 – 16 July 1981}} || Two partial terms (2 years, 6 months, and 7 days) <br> and (2 years, 11 months, and 24 days)
|-
| 5 || [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]]
| {{Age in days nts|2003|10|31|2009|04|03}}
| {{sort|5|5th • 31 October 2003 – 3 April 2009}} || One partial term (4 months, and 21 days) <br> followed by one full term <br> and one partial term (1 year, and 26 days)
|-
| 6 || [[Abdul Razak Hussein]]
| {{Age in days nts|1970|09|22|1976|01|14}}
| {{sort|2|2nd • 22 September 1970 – 14 January 1976}} || Two partial terms (3 years, 11 months, and 23 days) <br> and (1 year, and 4 months)
|-bgcolor=#CCCCFF
| 7 || [[Anwar Ibrahim]]
| {{age in days nts|2022|11|24}}{{efn|As of {{FULLDATE|type=dmy}}.}}
| {{sort|10|10th • 24 November 2022 –  ''[[Incumbent]]''}} || ''Currently serving''
|-
| 8 || [[Muhyiddin Yassin]]
| {{Age in days nts|2020|03|01|2021|08|21}}
|| {{sort|8|8th • 1 March 2020 – 21 August 2021}}{{efn|Resigned on 16 August 2021 but served as caretaker prime minister from 16 August 2021 to 21 August 2021.}} || One partial term (1 year, 5 months, and 20 days)
|-
| 9 || [[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]
| {{age in days nts|2021|08|21|2022|11|24}}
| {{sort|9|9th • 21 August 2021 –  24 November 2022}} || One partial term (1 year, 3 months, and 3 days)
|-
|}

== List of prime ministers by age ==
This is a list of prime ministers of Malaysia by age. The table charts the age of each prime minister of Malaysia at the time of prime ministerial inauguration (first inauguration if elected to multiple and consecutive terms), upon leaving office, and at the time of death. Where the prime minister is still living, their lifespan is calculated up to {{FULLDATE|type=dmy}}.
 
The youngest person to assume the prime ministership was [[Abdul Razak Hussein]], who, at the age of 48, succeeded to the office after the resignation of [[Tunku Abdul Rahman]]. The oldest person to assume the prime ministership was [[Mahathir Mohamad]] (as the 7th prime minister), who took the prime ministerial oath of office 62 days before turning 93.

Died at age 53, Abdul Razak was also the youngest prime minister at the end of his tenure, and his lifespan was the shortest of any prime minister. At age 59, [[Hussein Onn]] was the youngest person to become a former prime minister. The oldest prime minister at the end of his tenure was Mahathir (as the 7th prime minister) at 94. Mahathir was born before his two predecessors ([[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]] & [[Najib Razak]]) (as the 7th prime minister).

[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]] is having the shortest retirement of any prime minister, after leaving office at age 62. Tunku's retirement, 20 years, is the longest in Malaysian prime ministerial history. At age {{age|1925|7|10}}, Mahathir is also the oldest living prime minister as well as the nation's longest-lived prime minister. He is the only Malaysian prime minister to have lived into his 90s. The youngest living prime minister is [[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]], age {{age|1960|1|18}}.

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | {{Abbr|No.|Order of presidency}}
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Prime minister
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Born
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Age at<br>{{nowrap|start of prime ministership}}
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Age at<br>{{nowrap|end of prime ministership}}
! scope="col" rowspan=2 | {{nowrap|Post-prime ministership}}<br>timespan
! scope="col" colspan=2 | Lifespan
|-
! scope="col" | Died
! scope="col" | Age
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 1
| {{sortname|Tunku Abdul|Rahman}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1903|2|8|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1903|2|8|1957|8|31}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|1957|8|31|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1903|2|8|1970|9|22}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|1970|9|22|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1970|9|22|1990|12|6}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1990|12|6|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1903|2|8|1990|12|6}}
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 2
| {{sortname|Abdul Razak|Hussein}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1922|3|11|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1922|3|11|1970|9|22}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|1970|9|22|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1922|3|11|1976|1|14}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|1976|1|14|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1976|1|14|1976|1|14}}{{efn|Died in office.}}
| <span style="display:none">{{CURRENTYEAR}}-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}</span>14 Jan 1976
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1922|3|11|1976|1|14}}
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 3
| [[Hussein Onn]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|1922|2|12|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1922|2|12|1976|1|15}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|1976|1|15|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1922|2|12|1981|7|16}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|1981|7|16|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1981|7|16|1990|5|29}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1990|5|29|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1922|2|12|1990|5|29}}
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 4
| {{sortname|Mahathir|Mohamad}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1925|7|10|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1925|7|10|1981|7|16}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|1981|7|16|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1925|7|10|2003|10|31}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2003|10|31|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|2003|10|31|2018|05|10}}{{efn|The post-prime ministership timeline was resumed on his [[Second premiership of Mahathir Mohamad|second premiership]] on 10 May 2018.}}
| ''(Living)''
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|1925|7|10}}''
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 5
| [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|1939|11|26|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1939|11|26|2003|10|31}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2003|10|31|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1939|11|26|2009|4|3}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2009|4|3|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|2009|4|3|2025|4|14}}
| <span style="display:none">{{CURRENTYEAR}}-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}</span>14 Apr 2025
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1939|11|26|2025|4|14}}
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 6
| {{sortname|Najib|Razak}}
| {{dts|format=dmy|1953|7|23|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1953|7|23|2009|4|3}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2009|4|3|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1953|7|23|2018|5|10}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2018|5|10|abbr=on}}
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|2018|5|10}}''
| <span style="display:none">{{CURRENTYEAR}}-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}</span>''(Living)''
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|1953|7|23}}''
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 7
| [[Mahathir Mohamad]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|1925|7|10|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1925|7|10|2018|5|10}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2018|5|10|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1925|7|10|2020|3|1}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2020|3|1|abbr=on}}
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|2020|3|1}}''
| <span style="display:none">{{CURRENTYEAR}}-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}</span>''(Living)''
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|1925|7|10}}''
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 8
| [[Muhyiddin Yassin]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|1947|5|15|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1947|5|15|2020|3|1}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2020|3|1|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1947|5|15|2021|8|21}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2021|8|21|abbr=on}}
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|2021|8|21}}''
| <span style="display:none">{{CURRENTYEAR}}-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}</span>''(Living)''
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|1947|5|15}}''
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 9
| [[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|1960|1|18|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1960|1|18|2021|8|21}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2021|8|21|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1960|1|18|2022|11|24}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2022|11|24|abbr=on}}
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|2022|11|24}}''
| <span style="display:none">{{CURRENTYEAR}}-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}</span>''(Living)''
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|1960|1|18}}''
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! scope="row" | 10
| [[Anwar Ibrahim]]
| {{dts|format=dmy|1947|8|10|abbr=on}}
| {{ayd|format=dmy|1947|8|10|2022|11|24}}<br>{{dts|format=dmy|2022|11|24|abbr=on}}
| ''(Incumbent)''
| ''(Incumbent)''
| <span style="display:none">{{CURRENTYEAR}}-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}</span>''(Living)''
| ''{{ayd|format=dmy|1947|8|10}}''
|- style="text-align: left; background:#FFFFFF"
! rowspan="2" | <abbr title="Order of presidency">#</abbr>
! rowspan="2" | Prime minister 
! rowspan="2" | Born 
! rowspan="2" | Age at<br>{{nowrap|start of prime ministership}}
! rowspan="2" | Age at<br>{{nowrap|end of prime ministership}}
! rowspan="2" | {{nowrap|Post-prime ministership}}<br>timespan
! Died !! Age
|}
{{anchor|oldest}}

== Living former prime ministers ==
Prime ministers are usually granted certain privileges after leaving office at government expense. Former prime ministers continue to be important national figures. The most recently deceased prime minister was [[Abdullah Ahmad Badawi]] (1939–2025), who died on 14 April 2025.

<gallery class="center" widths="150" heights="150" caption="Living former prime ministers">
File:Mahathir Mohamad in 18th Summit of Non-Aligned Movement (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Mahathir Mohamad]]<br/>Served 1981–2003 and 2018–2020<br/>(age {{age|1925|7|10}})}}
File:Prime Minister of Malaysia, Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib Bin Tun Abdul Razak, at Hyderabad House, in New Delhi on January 26, 2018 (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Najib Razak]]<br/>Served 2009–2018<br/>(age {{age|1953|7|23}})}}
File:Muhyiddin_Yassin_(51087589446)_(cropped).jpg|{{center|[[Muhyiddin Yassin]]<br/>Served 2020–2021<br/>(age {{age|1947|5|15}})
File:Ismail_Sabri_in_the_White_House_(cropped,_3to4_portrait).jpg|{{center|[[Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]<br/>Served 2021–2022<br/>(age {{age|1960|1|18}})}}
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia]]
* [[Air transports of heads of state and government#Malaysia|Air transports of heads of state and government]]
* [[Official state car#Malaysia|Official state car]]
* [[Spouse of the Prime Minister of Malaysia]]
* [[Leader of the Opposition (Malaysia)]]
* [[Heads of state governments of Malaysia]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Commons category|Prime ministers of Malaysia}}
<references />

{{Prime Ministers of Malaysia}}
{{Federal Government of Malaysia}}
{{Malaysian federal ministerial portfolios}}
{{Malaysia topics}}
{{Southeast Asian leaders}}
{{Prime Minister}}
{{Portal bar|Malaysia|Politics}}

[[Category:Lists of prime ministers by country|Malaysia]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Malaysia| ]]
[[Category:Lists of political office-holders in Malaysia|Prime Ministers]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in Malaya]]