View source for Progressistas

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}{{Multiple issues|section=|
{{Expand Portuguese|topic=gov|Progressistas|date=March 2021}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2012}}
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{{Infobox political party
| name             = Progressives
| native_name      = Progressistas
| native_name_lang = pt
| logo             = Progressistas_logo.png
| logo_size        = 250px
| colorcode        = {{party color|Progressistas}}
| abbreviation     = PP
| president        = [[Ciro Nogueira]]
| founded          = {{start date|1995|9|}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Partido Progressista Brasileiro (PPB) |url=https://www18.fgv.br/cpdoc/acervo/dicionarios/verbete-tematico/partido-progressista-brasileiro-ppb |website=[[Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil]] |access-date=15 October 2024 |language=pt}}</ref>
| registered       = {{start date|1995|11|16|df=y}}<ref name="tse">{{cite web |title=Partidos políticos registrados no TSE |url=https://www.tse.jus.br/partidos/partidos-registrados-no-tse |website=[[Superior Electoral Court]] |access-date=26 December 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>
| merger           = [[Progressive Party (Brazil, 1993)|Progressive Party]]<br>[[Reform Progressive Party]]
| headquarters     = [[Federal Senate (Brazil)|Senado Federal]], Anexo I, 17º andar, Sl. 1.702, [[Brasília]]
| newspaper        = ''Gestão Progressista''
| think_tank       = Fundação Milton Campos
| youth_wing       = Jovens Progressistas
| womens_wing      = Mulheres Progressistas
| wing1_title      = Black wing
| wing1            = Afro Progressistas
| national         = [[Progressive Union (Brazil)|Progressive Union]] (UPB)
| membership_year  = 2022
| membership       = 1,293,592<ref>{{cite web |title=Filiação partidária mensal |url=https://sig.tse.jus.br/ords/dwapr/r/seai/sig-eleicao-filiados/m%C3%B3dulo-de-filia%C3%A7%C3%A3o1?g_filiacao=mensal&session=209502319356044 |website=[[Superior Electoral Court]] |access-date=26 December 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>
| ideology         = {{ubl|class=nowrap|
|[[Conservative liberalism]]<ref name="Berg-SchlosserKersting2003">{{cite book|author1=Dirk Berg-Schlosser|author2=Norbert Kersting|title=Poverty and Democracy: Self-Help and Political Participation in Third World Cities|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGJuAyfj1ykC&pg=PA24|date=28 June 2003|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=978-1-84277-205-8|page=24}}</ref>
}}
| position         = [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]{{refn|<ref name="Hartman">{{cite book|page=79|year=2017|title= Brazil: Restructuring the Urban|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|first=Hattie|last=Hartman}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carlomagno |first=Márcio |last2=Braga |first2=Sérgio |last3=Angeli |first3=Alzira Ester |date=2022 |title=Do — and why do — people interact with politicians on social media? Evidences from Brazilian state level elections |url=https://www.redalyc.org/journal/703/70373170005/html/ |journal=Revista Sociedade e Cultura |language=en |volume=25 |doi=10.5216/sec.v25.70812 |quote=(vii) Ideology (party): Despite that some international political science approaches consider party ideology a ‘démodé’ variable, Brazilian political scientists still vastly use it. Considering the objectives of our study, we classified the parties according to the literature concepts (ZUCCO JR., 2009), under which codes range from left (1) to right (5). Left: PSOL, PSTU, PCO, PCB. Center-left: PT, PCdoB, PDT. Center: PMDB, PSDB, PSB, PPS, PV. Center-right: PSD, PP, PR, PRB, PROS,PSC, PTB, PHS, SD. Right: DEM, PMN, PRP, PRTB, PSDC, PSL, PTdoB, PTC, PTN.|doi-access=free }}</ref>}}
| colors           = {{Color box|#64C3ED|border=darkgray}} [[Sky blue]] <br> {{Color box|#1A3D72|border=darkgray}} [[Dark blue (color)|Dark blue]] <br> {{Color box|#ED3031|border=darkgray}} [[Red]] (secondary)
| slogan           = ''Oportunidades para todos''<br />('Opportunities for all')
| blank1_title     = Electoral number
| blank1           = 11
| seats1_title     = [[Federal Senate (Brazil)|Federal Senate]]
| seats1           = {{composition bar|6|81|{{party color|Progressistas}}}}
| seats2_title     = [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]]
| seats2           = {{composition bar|50|513|{{party color|Progressistas}}}}
| seats3_title     = [[List of current state governors in Brazil|Governors]]
| seats3           = {{composition bar|2|27|{{party color|Progressistas}}}}
| seats4_title     = [[Legislative assemblies of Brazilian states|Legislative Assemblies]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Raio-X das eleições: Leia como serão as assembleias em 2023 |url=https://www.poder360.com.br/brasil/raio-x-das-eleicoes-leia-como-serao-as-assembleias-em-2023/ |website=Poder360 |language=pt |date=11 October 2022}}</ref>
| seats4           = {{composition bar|87|1024|{{party color|Progressistas}}}}
| seats5_title     = [[Mayors in Brazil|Mayors]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Relembre quantos prefeitos e vereadores cada partido elegeu em 2020 |url=https://www.poder360.com.br/eleicoes/relembre-quantos-prefeitos-e-vereadores-cada-partido-elegeu-em-2020/ |website=Poder360 |language=pt |date=6 October 2023}}</ref>
| seats5           = {{composition bar|701|5568|{{party color|Progressistas}}}}
| seats6_title     = Municipal Chambers<ref>{{cite web |title=DEM, PP e PSD aumentam número de vereadores no Brasil; MDB, PT, PSDB, PDT e PSB registram redução |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/eleicoes/2020/eleicao-em-numeros/noticia/2020/11/17/dem-pp-e-psd-aumentam-numero-de-vereadores-no-brasil-mdb-pt-psdb-pdt-e-psb-registram-reducao.ghtml |website=[[G1 (website)|G1]] |language=pt |date=17 November 2020}}</ref>
| seats6           = {{composition bar|6346|58043|{{party color|Progressistas}}}}
| symbol           = 
| website          = {{URL|progressistas.org.br}}
| country          = Brazil
| footnotes        = 
}}
'''Progressistas''' ({{IPA|pt|pɾo.ɡɾeˈsis.tɐs}}; {{literal translation|Progressives}}, '''PP''') is a [[centre-right]]<ref name="Hartman">{{cite book|page=79|year=2017|title= Brazil: Restructuring the Urban|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|first=Hattie|last=Hartman}}</ref> [[political party]] in [[Brazil]]. Founded in 1995 as the '''Brazilian Progressive Party''' ({{langx|pt|Partido Progressista Brasileiro}}), it emerged from parties that were successors to [[National Renewal Alliance|ARENA]], the ruling party of the [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|Brazilian military dictatorship]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Costa |first=João Gado F. |last2=Piltcher |first2=Antonio |date=2020-12-08 |title=Partidos em números: PP e PL |trans-title=Parties in numbers: PP and PL |url=https://pindograma.com.br/2020/12/08/plpp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209190110/https://pindograma.com.br/2020/12/08/plpp.html |archive-date=2020-12-09 |access-date=2022-09-16 |work=Pindograma |language=pt-BR}}</ref> A [[Pragmatism|pragmatist]] party,<ref name="Lima">{{Cite web |last=Lima |first=Wilson |date=2023-07-17 |title=PP, o partido não-binário |url=https://oantagonista.com.br/brasil/o-relacionamento-aberto-do-pp-com-lula/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=O Antagonista |language=pt-BR}}</ref> and one of the core members of the ''[[Centrão]]'' bloc,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-20 |title=Partidos do Centrão se movimentam para 2026 e se afastam do Planalto em votações na Câmara |url=https://oglobo.globo.com/politica/noticia/2025/10/20/partidos-do-centrao-se-movimentam-para-2026-e-se-afastam-do-planalto-em-votacoes-na-camara.ghtml |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=O Globo |language=pt-br}}</ref> it supported the governments of presidents [[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]], [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]], [[Dilma Rousseff]], [[Michel Temer]] and [[Jair Bolsonaro]]. Largely it was the party of the politics of [[Paulo Maluf]], a former governor and mayor of [[São Paulo]]. Of all political parties, in corruption investigation [[Operation Car Wash]], the Progressistas had the most convictions.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Benites |first=Afonso |date=2015-03-07 |title=Partido Progressista, o ‘filho’ da ditadura que coleciona escândalos |trans-title=Progressive Party, dictatorship’s ‘child’ that collects scandals |url=https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2015/03/07/politica/1425756874_200149.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310030750/https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2015/03/07/politica/1425756874_200149.html |archive-date=2015-03-10 |access-date=2022-09-16 |work=[[El País]] |location=[[São Paulo]] |language=pt-BR}}</ref>

The party in recent years had fully embraced the right. In the [[2018 Brazilian general election]], the party supported the [[Geraldo Alckmin 2018 presidential campaign|candidacy]] of [[Geraldo Alckmin]]. After the election, although they remained neutral in the second round, the party has almost fully supported the policies of [[Jair Bolsonaro]], supporting his [[Jair Bolsonaro 2022 presidential campaign|candidacy for president]] in 2022 and voting with him 93% of the time.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-07009-5 |title=Research in Retina and Vision |date=2021-06-22 |publisher=S. Karger AG |doi=10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-07009-5 |isbn=978-3-318-07009-5 |s2cid=241189341 |editor-last=Avilés-Trigueros |editor-first=Marcelino |editor-last2=Agudo Barriuso |editor-first2=Marta}}</ref>

In 2025, the party formed the [[Progressive Union (Brazil)|Progressive Union]] alliance with [[Brazil Union]].

== History ==
[[File:Partido Progressista (Brazil) logo.svg|thumb|left|The party's old logo.]]
Founded in 1995, as '''Brazilian Progressive Party''' (PPB), by the union of:
*the '''[[Reform Progressive Party]]''', founded in 1993 by [[Democratic Social Party]] and [[Christian Democratic Party (Brazil)|Christian Democratic Party]];
*the '''[[Progressive Party (Brazil, 1993)|Progressive Party]]''', founded in 1993 by the [[Social Labour Party]] and the [[Reform Labour Party]].

The party entered in coalition with the [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] and the [[Liberal Front Party (Brazil)|Liberal Front Party]], supporting President [[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]] in the [[1998 Brazilian general election]].

In the [[2002 Brazilian general election|2002 general election]], the party informally supported the candidacy of [[Ciro Gomes]] in the first round and formally supported [[José Serra]] in the second round.

In 2003, the party re-changed its name to the '''Progressive Party'''. PP has also supported the Workers' Party-led government from 2003 to 2015.

At the parliamentary elections, held in October 2006, the party won 42 of the 513 seats in the chamber of deputies, and it has one of the 81 seats in the Senate. At the 2010 elections, PP won 41 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, and made gains in the Senate for a total of five seats. It lost an extremely close gubernatorial runoff in [[Roraima]] to the PSDB, and won no state governorships.

In the [[2010 Brazilian general election|2010 elections]], alliances between moderate and left-leaning parties took place in several places, such as in [[Bahia]], where the PP was part of the [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|PT]] candidate's coalition, having even nominated its vice governor.  About this type of coalition, the former mayor of São Paulo and former PT member [[Luiza Erundina|Luísa Erundina]] declared, still in May 2010, that "It is sad, agonizing to see Maluf's PP with [[Communist Party of Brazil|PCdoB]]. It's all the same''.''" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Erundina diz que dá agonia ver PP ao lado do PCdoB - Política |url=https://politica.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,erundina-diz-que-da-agonia-ver-pp-ao-lado-do-pcdob,552291 |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=Estadão |language=pt-BR}}</ref>

[[File:04 08 2021 Cerimônia de posse do senhor Ciro Nogueira, Ministro de Estado Chefe da Casa Civil da Presidência da República (51357843973).jpg|thumb|300px|[[Jair Bolsonaro|Bolsonaro]] and the party president [[Ciro Nogueira Lima Filho|Nogueira]], 2021]]

Its most well-known politicians are [[Paulo Maluf]], mayor and governor of São Paulo for several terms, [[Esperidião Amin]], former governor of [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]] and senator, and [[Francisco Dornelles]], former minister of Labour and senator for [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|the state of Rio de Janeiro]].

The party has from its very beginning shown a tendency for regional division, with the section from [[Rio Grande do Sul]] state often threatening with secession, in part due to what is viewed by them as condescendence of the party's national direction towards members involved in corruption scandals, including Paulo Maluf (who has recently been discharged from his post as ''de facto'' leader of PP). The national orientation of the party has been one of close alliance with Lula's Workers' Party government (except on issues sensitive to the right wing core of PP, such as taxes){{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}, while the section of Rio Grande do Sul once more show a defiant stance in aligning itself more often with the opposition.

The Progressive Party supported the [[impeachment of Dilma Rousseff]], splitting its alliance with the Worker's Party.

This party was most affected by the [[Operation Car Wash|Petrobras corruption scandal]], damaging its national popularity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://infograficos.oglobo.globo.com/brasil/politicos-lava-jato.html|title=O Globo - A lista de investigados da Lava-Jato no STF|website=infograficos.oglobo.globo.com}}</ref>

The party supported the [[Geraldo Alckmin 2018 presidential campaign|candidacy of Geraldo Alckmin]] in [[2018 Brazilian general election|2018]], but did not endorse a candidate in the second round.

After the election, the party joined a coalition with the [[Republicans (Brazil)|Republicanos]] and the Liberal Party to support Jair Bolsonaro in government.

== Ideology ==
{{Conservatism in Brazil|Parties}}
The party has traditionally been, like many right-wing parties in Brazil, one of [[pragmatism]] and moderation, being considered a [[Catch all (political party)|catch-all party]]—making alliances with both left-wing and right-wing parties, depeding on what's more convinient.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Power |first1=Timothy J. |last2=Rodrigues-Silveira |first2=Rodrigo |date=2019-02-07 |title=Mapping Ideological Preferences in Brazilian Elections, 1994-2018: A Municipal-Level Study |journal=Brazilian Political Science Review |language=en |volume=13 |doi=10.1590/1981-3821201900010001 |s2cid=159109936 |issn=1981-3821|doi-access=free |url=https://www.redalyc.org/journal/3943/394360610001/394360610001.pdf }}</ref><ref name="Lima">{{Cite web |last=Lima |first=Wilson |date=2023-07-17 |title=PP, o partido não-binário |url=https://oantagonista.com.br/brasil/o-relacionamento-aberto-do-pp-com-lula/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=O Antagonista |language=pt-BR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-26 |title=Bolsonaro sela casamento com partido que o tratou como coadjuvante |url=https://www.congressoemfoco.com.br/noticia/23082/bolsonaro-sela-casamento-com-partido-que-o-tratou-como-coadjuvante |access-date=2025-09-29 |website=Congresso em Foco |language=pt-br}}</ref> The party's main positions in Congress have been that of business interests supporting lower [[tax]]ation, highlighing those proposals in accordance with other economic growth principles of the left. When allied with the governments of Lula and Dilma, the party supported the [[Bolsa Família|Bolsa Familia program]] in confluence with [[tax cut]]s for economic growth.<ref name=":0" />

In more recent years, however, the party has become more stridently [[National conservatism|national conservative]], representing the less [[Christian right|religious]] and less [[Populism|populist]] conservatism that existed in Brazil before the election of Bolsonaro. The party supported greater [[economic nationalism]] than some of its coalition partners and is generally less in support of the military than the [[Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006)|Liberal Party]]. However, in general, the party supports [[Bolsonarismo]], and many of his [[Bolsonaro administration cabinet members|cabinet members]] are members or have joined the party.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

== Notable members ==
* [[Esperidião Amin]], former mayor of [[Florianópolis]], Senator, former [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Federal Deputy]], and former Governor of [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]]
* [[Roberto Campos]], former Minister of Planning for the [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|military dictatorship]] and Senator of Republic for [[Mato Grosso]]
* [[Severino Cavalcanti]], former [[President of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|President of the Chamber of Deputies]] and deputy for [[Pernambuco]]
* [[Tereza Cristina]], Senator of former [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Federal Deputy]] for [[Mato Grosso do Sul]] and former [[Ministry of Agriculture (Brazil)|Minister of Agriculture]]
* [[Luis Carlos Heinze]], Senator and former Federal Deputy for [[Rio Grande do Sul]]
* [[Paulo Maluf]], former [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Federal Deputy]], [[List of governors of São Paulo|Governor]], [[Mayor of Sao Paulo|Mayor]] of [[São Paulo]]
* [[Ciro Nogueira Lima Filho|Ciro Nogueira]], former [[Chief of Staff of the Presidency]], Senator of [[Piauí]], and National President of the Progressistas

==Electoral history==
===Legislative elections===
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
!rowspan="2"|Election 
!colspan="4"|[[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]]
!colspan="4"|[[Brazilian Senate|Federal Senate]]
!rowspan="2"|'''Role in government'''
|-
!'''Votes'''
!'''%'''
!'''Seats'''
!+/–
!'''Votes'''
!'''%'''
!'''Seats'''
!+/–
|-
![[1998 Brazilian general election|1998]]
|align="center"|7,558,601
|align="center"|11.35%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|60|513|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|New
|align="center"|9,246,089
|align="center"|14.95%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|3|81|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|New
|{{yes2|[[Cabinet of Fernando Henrique Cardoso|Coalition]]}}
|-
![[2002 Brazilian general election|2002]]
|align="center"|6,828,375
|align="center"|7.81%
|style="text-align:center;" |{{composition bar|48|513|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{decrease}} 12
|align="center"|6,903,581
|align="center" |4.49%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|1|81|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{decrease}} 2
|{{yes2|[[First cabinet of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva|Coalition]]}}
|-
![[2006 Brazilian general election|2006]]
|align="center"|6,662,309
|align="center"|7.15%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|42|513|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{decrease}} 6
|align="center"|4,228,431
|align="center"|5.01%
| style="text-align:center;" |{{composition bar|1|81|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{steady}} 0
|{{yes2|[[First cabinet of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva|Coalition]]}}
|-
![[2010 Brazilian legislative election|2010]]
|align="center"|6,330,062
|align="center"|6.55%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|41|513|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|align="center"|9,170,015
|align="center"|5.38%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|5|81|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{increase}} 4
|{{partial|Independent}}
|-
![[2014 Brazilian general election|2014]]
|align="center"|6,429,791
|align="center"|6.61%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|38|513|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{decrease}} 3
|align="center"|1,931,738
|align="center"|2.16%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|5|81|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{steady}} 0
|{{yes2|[[Cabinet of Dilma Rousseff|Coalition]]}}
|-
![[2018 Brazilian general election|2018]]
|align="center"|5,480,067
|align="center"|5.57%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|37|513|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{decrease}} 1
|align="center"|7,529,901
|align="center"|4.39%
|style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|6|81|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|{{increase}} 1
|{{yes2|[[Cabinet of Jair Bolsonaro|Coalition]]}}
|-
!rowspan="4" |[[2022 Brazilian general election|2022]]
|rowspan="4" |8,704,341
|rowspan="4" |7.90%
|rowspan="4" |{{composition bar|47|513|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|rowspan="4" |{{increase}} 10
|rowspan="4" |7,592,391
|rowspan="4" |7.47%
|rowspan="4" |{{composition bar|7|81|hex={{party color|Progressistas}}}}
|rowspan="4" |{{increase}} 2
|{{no2|Opposition (2022–2023)}} 
|-
|{{partial|Independent (2023–2024)}}
|-
|{{yes2|[[Second cabinet of Lula da Silva|Coalition]] (2025)}}
|-
|{{partial|Independent (2025–present)}}
|-
|colspan="10"|<small>Sources: [http://electionresources.org/br/deputies.php?election=1998&state=BR Election Resources], [https://web.archive.org/web/20110515095756/http://jaironicolau.iesp.uerj.br/banco2004.html Dados Eleitorais do Brasil (1982–2006)]</small>
|}
{{Notelist}}

==References==
<references/>
{{s-start}}
{{succession box|title=Numbers of Brazilian Official Political Parties|before=[[Republicanos|10 - REPUBLICANOS]]|after=[[Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)|12 - DLP (PDT)]]|years=11 - PP}}
{{s-end}}
{{Brazil political parties}}
[[Category:Bolsonarism]]
[[Category:Conservative parties in Brazil]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1995]]
[[Category:1995 establishments in Brazil]]