View source for Properties of the Holy See

{{Short description|List of real estate regulated by Lateran Treaty}}
{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site 
| WHS           = Properties of the Holy See <br />with extraterritorial rights in Rome
| image         = San Giovanni in Laterano 2021.jpg
| image_upright = 1.21
| caption       = Saint John Lateran; highest ranking basilica, seat of the Bishop of Rome; extraterrestrial property outside Vatican City territory.
| part_of       = [[Historic district of Rome|Historic Centre of Rome]], the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and [[San Paolo Fuori le Mura]]
| includes      = {{flatlist|
* Complexes of [[St John in Lateran]] and of [[Scala Sancta]]
* Complex of [[Santa Maria Maggiore]]
* [[Palazzo San Callisto|Palazzo di San Callisto]] and buildings along the Via S.&nbsp;Egidio in [[Trastevere]]
* [[Palazzo della Cancelleria]]
* [[Palazzo di Propaganda Fide]]
* [[Palace of Maffei Marescotti|Palazzo Maffei]]
* [[Palazzo dei Convertendi]]
* Palazzi detti dei Propilei
* Palazzo San Pio X
* Properties on the [[Gianicolo]]
* [[Palace of the Holy Office|Palazzo del Santo Uffizio]]
* [[Basilica di San Paolo fuori le mura]]
}}
| location      = [[Rome]], Italy
| criteria      = {{UNESCO WHS type|(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi)}}(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi)
| ID            = 91ter
| coordinates   = {{coord|41|53|24.8|N|12|29|32.3|E|format=dms}}
| year          = 1980
| extension     = 1990, 2015
| area          = {{convert|38.9|ha|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| locmapin      = Rome#Lazio#Italy
| map_caption   = 
|Criteria=Cultural}}
[[File:Extraterritoriality Palazzo del Laterano 2006-09-07.jpg|thumb|254x254px|Plaque claiming extraterritoriality on the door of the [[Lateran Palace]], Rome.]]
The '''properties of the Holy See''' are regulated by the 1929 [[Lateran Treaty]] signed with the [[Kingdom of Italy]]. Although part of [[Italy|Italian]] territory, some of them enjoy [[extraterritoriality]] similar to those of foreign embassies, including tax exemptions.<ref>see Article 13, 14, 15 and 16 in the [http://www.vaticanstate.va/NR/rdonlyres/3F574885-EAD5-47E9-A547-C3717005E861/2528/LateranTreaty.pdf Lateran Treaty] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813090725/http://www.vaticanstate.va/NR/rdonlyres/3F574885-EAD5-47E9-A547-C3717005E861/2528/LateranTreaty.pdf |date=2011-08-13 }}</ref><ref name="CIA">{{cite web| title = CIA - The World Factbook -- Holy See (Vatican City)| publisher = [[Central Intelligence Agency]]| date = 2006-12-19| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/holy-see-vatican-city/| access-date = 2007-01-03 }}</ref> Nonetheless, those visiting these properties are generally required to follow the immigration rules of Italy. For example, American seminarians at the [[Pontifical North American College]] need an Italian visa, despite residing, and studying, in extraterritorial property of the [[Holy See]].

== Outside Vatican City but inside Rome ==

=== Extraterritorial property ===
* [[Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran]] (''Arcibasilica di San Giovanni in Laterano'')<ref name=r>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lhUGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA42 |title=Between Cultural Diversity and Common Heritage: Legal and Religious Perspectives on the Sacred Places of the Mediterranean |first1=Silvio |last1=Ferrari |first2=Andrea |last2=Benzo |date=15 April 2016 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |page=42 |isbn=9781317175032}}</ref>
* [[Santa Maria Maggiore|Basilica of Saint Mary Major]] (''Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore'')<ref name=r/>
* [[Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls]] (''Basilica di San Paolo fuori le Mura'') (the complex includes also the Benedictine monastery, the Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo and the Pontifical [[Beda College]])
* [[Lateran Palace]], [[Pontifical Lateran University|Lateran University]], the [[Scala Sancta]] and adjoining buildings<ref name=r/>
* [[Palace of the Holy Office]] (home of the [[Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith]]) in the Piazza del Sant'Uffizio and adjacent to the Basilica of St. Peter
* [[Palazzo di Propaganda Fide]] (home of the former [[Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples]]) in the [[Piazza di Spagna]]
* [[Palazzo dei Convertendi]] (home of the [[Dicastery for the Eastern Churches]]), formerly in [[Piazza Scossacavalli]], now in [[Via della Conciliazione]]
* [[Paul VI Audience Hall]] (partially; the rostrum with the papal throne however, is part of Vatican territory)<ref name="VA"/>
* [[Teutonic Cemetery|Campo Santo Teutonico]]
* General Curia of the [[Order of Saint Augustine]] (including the Collegio Sta. Monica and the Pontifical Augustinian Patristic Institute)
* [[Janiculum|Gianicolo]] Hill area properties,<ref name=r/> namely the [[Pontifical Urban University]], the [[Pontifical North American College]], the [[Ukrainian Pontifical College of Saint Josaphat]], the [[Romanian Pontifical College]] and the [[Bambino Gesù Hospital]]
* Jesuit Curia Complex
* [[Palazzo San Callisto]] (Palace of St Callixtus) – home of the former [[Pontifical Council Cor Unum]]
* [[Palazzo Maffei Marescotti]] (the Palace of the Vicariate) in Via della Pigna off the [[Corso Vittorio Emanuele II, Rome|Corso Vittorio Emanuele II]] near the [[Piazza del Gesù]]
* [[Palazzo della Cancelleria]] between the Corso Vittorio Emanuele II and [[Campo de' Fiori]]
* Palazzo Pio in [[Via della Conciliazione]] (in exchange for ''Palazzo della Dataria'')<ref name="VA"/>
* Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary

=== Non-extraterritorial property ===
*Palace of the Holy Apostles attached to the [[Santi Apostoli, Rome|Basilica dei Santi XII Apostoli]]
*Palace attached to the Church of [[San Carlo ai Catinari]]
*Collegio Bellarmino in Via del Seminario near the Church of [[Sant'Ignazio]].
*Archaeological Institute, [[Pontifical Oriental Institute]], [[Pontifical Lombard Seminary]] and the [[Collegium Russicum|Russian College]] on Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore.
*The two Palaces of Sant'Apollinare between the Piazza Sant'Apollinare and Via della Serola.
*The House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul, including the Nympheum of Nero, on the [[Caelian Hill]].

=== Former extraterritorial property ===
*Palazzo della Datarìa, near the [[Quirinal Palace]] (not a property of the Holy See anymore; exchanged for Palazzo Pio in the aftermath of Italian seizure of Quirinial Palace)<ref name="VA">{{cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/sp_ss_scv/informazione_generale/extraterritoriale_it.html|title=Zone exterritoriali vaticane|publisher=Website of the Holy See|access-date=2009-12-08}}</ref>

== Outside Rome ==
[[File:Extraterritorial property Castel Gandolfo.svg|thumb|275px|Extraterritorial property of the Holy See in [[Castel Gandolfo]]:<br>
1. Papal palace with adjacent garden<br>
2. Garden of the Villa Cybo<br>
3. Villa Barberini, gardens and agricultural area<br>
4. Oliveto ex-Bacelli<br>
5. Church of San Tommaso di Villanova]]

=== Extraterritorial property ===
*[[Palace of Castel Gandolfo]], the Gardens of the Villa Cybo, Villa [[Barberini]] plus adjacent gardens, the summer estate of the ''[[Collegio Urbano|Pontificio Collegio Urbano di Propaganda Fide]]'' and the papal farm between the towns of [[Castel Gandolfo]] and [[Albano Laziale]] (around {{convert|55|ha|lk=in|disp=or}}).
*Area of [[:it:Santa Maria di Galeria|Santa Maria di Galeria]], where the antennae of [[Vatican Radio]] are located. The area was ceded by Italy to the Holy See in an agreement in 1951.<ref name="VA"/>

=== Non-extraterritorial property ===
*The [[Basilica della Santa Casa|Basilica of the Holy House]] (Santa Casa) at [[Loreto (AN)|Loreto]], [[Province of Ancona]].
*The [[Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi|Basilica of St Francis]] at [[Assisi]], [[Province of Perugia]].
*The [[Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua|Basilica of St Anthony]] at [[Padua]], [[Province of Padua]].
*The [[Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope]], [[Graham County, Arizona|Graham County, Arizona, US]].

The [[Fundamental Accord]], signed in 1993, grants property rights and tax exemptions to the Holy See over various Christian holy sites in Israel, but the agreement was never finalized because of diplomatic problems between the Vatican and Israeli governments.

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="nolines">
File:Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore - Roma.jpg|Basilica of Saint Mary Major, Rome
File:StPaul.jpg|Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls, Rome
File:Parione - palazzo Riario o Cancelleria nuova 1628.JPG|Palazzo della Cancelleria, Rome
File:Palazzo di Propaganda Fide Rome.jpg|Palazzo di Propaganda Fide, Rome
File:Pigna - pal Maffei-Marescotti cortile vicariato 1240743.JPG|Palazzo Maffei Marescotti, Rome
File:V d Conciliazione - pal Convertendi P1090089.JPG|Palazzo dei Convertendi, Rome
File:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.jpg|Palace of the Holy Office, Rome
File:2022-09-01 Palazzo Pio by Benoit Soubeyran 11.jpg|Palazzo San Pio X, Rome
File:Pontifical Urban University from above.JPG|Pontifical Urban University, Rome
File:North American College - Janiculum Hill.jpg|Pontifical North American College, Rome
File:Pontifical palace and Vatican Observatory, Castel Gandolfo.jpg|Papal Palace in Castel Gandolfo
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Papal States]]
* [[Vatican City]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Holy See}}
{{Rome landmarks}}

[[Category:Properties of the Holy See| ]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in Italy]]