View source for Prostaglandin analogue

{{Short description|Drug class}}
'''Prostaglandin analogues''' are a [[class of drugs]] that bind to a [[prostaglandin receptor]].<ref name=Winkler2014/>

Wider use of prostaglandin analogues is limited by unwanted side effects and their [[abortion|abortive]] potential.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023|reason=This claim needs a reference to a reliable source.}}

==Uses==
Prostaglandin analogues such as [[misoprostol]] are used in treatment of [[duodenum|duodenal]] and [[peptic ulcer|gastric ulcers]].<ref name="Overview">{{cite journal|last1=Zajac|first1=P|last2=Holbrook|first2=A|last3=Super|first3=ME|last4=Vogt|first4=M |title=An overview: Current clinical guidelines for the evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and management of dyspepsia|journal=Osteopathic Family Physician |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=79–85 |date=March–April 2013 |doi=10.1016/j.osfp.2012.10.005}}</ref> Misoprostol and other prostaglandin analogues protect the lining of the gastrointestinal tract from harmful stomach acid and are especially indicated for the [[elderly]] on continuous doses of [[NSAID]]s.

In the field of [[ophthalmology]], drugs of this class are used to lower [[intraocular pressure]] (IOP) in people with [[glaucoma]].  Up until the late 1970s prostaglandins were thought to raise IOP, but a paper published in 1977 showed that [[prostaglandin F2α]] lowered it, and subsequent studies found that this was due to increasing the outflow of [[aqueous humor]], mainly by relaxing the [[ciliary muscle]], and possibly also due to changes in [[extracellular matrix]] and to widening of spaces within the [[trabecular meshwork]].<ref name=Winkler2014/>  This work led to the development of [[prodrugs]] of PGF2α, including [[latanoprost]], an isopropyl analogue of PGF2α, approved by the FDA in 1996, [[bimatoprost]] and [[travoprost]], both approved in 2001, and [[tafluprost]], approved in 2012.<ref name=Winkler2014>{{cite journal|last1=Winkler|first1=NS|last2=Fautsch|first2=MP|title=Effects of prostaglandin analogues on aqueous humor outflow pathways.|journal=Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics|date=2014|volume=30|issue=2–3|pages=102–9|pmid=24359106|pmc=3991965|doi=10.1089/jop.2013.0179}}</ref>   However, there are notable side effects associated with usage, including increased eyelash growth, pigmentation of the iris, and darkening of the skin around the eye.<ref name="Xu">{{cite journal |vauthors=Xu L, Wang X, Wu M |title= Topical medication instillation techniques for glaucoma |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume=2017|article-number= CD010520 |date=2017 |issue= 2 |pmid= 28218404|doi= 10.1002/14651858.CD010520.pub2 |pmc=5419432}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{MeshName|Prostaglandins, Synthetic}}

{{Drugs for peptic ulcer and GORD}}
{{Antithrombotics}}
{{Oxytocics}}
{{Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics}}
{{Prostaglandins}}
{{Prostanoidergics}}

[[Category:Drugs acting on the gastrointestinal system and metabolism]]
[[Category:Prostaglandins]]


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