View source for Raven (wrestler)

{{Short description|American professional wrestler (born 1964)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox professional wrestler
|name             = Raven
|image            = Raven 2016.jpg
|caption          = Raven in 2016 
|alt              = A color photograph of a man wearing a black t-shirt with yellow text and image
|birthname        = Scott Levy<ref name="Milner"/><ref name="Maughan"/>
|birth_date       = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1964|9|8}}<ref name="Milner"/><ref name="TheRavenEffectBio">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/site/bio/|title=Biography|access-date=February 15, 2015|work=TheRavenEffect.com}}</ref>
|birth_place      = [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]], U.S.<ref name="Fishman"/>
|alma_mater       = [[University of Delaware]]
|names            = Johnny Polo<ref name="Milner"/><br />Matman<ref name="Matman"/><br />'''Raven'''<ref name="Milner"/><br />Scott Anthony<ref name="Milner"/><br />Scotty the Body<ref name="Milner"/><br />Scotty Flamingo<ref name="Milner"/>
|height           = 6 ft 1 in<ref name="WWEBio">{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/raven|title=Raven|access-date=February 14, 2015|publisher=[[WWE]]|work=[[WWE]].com}}</ref>
|weight           = 235 lb<ref name="WWEBio"/>
|billed           = [[Short Hills, New Jersey]]<br />[[Palm Beach, Florida]]<br />'''[[The Bowery]]'''<ref name="WWEBio"/>
|trainer          = [[Larry Sharpe (wrestler)|Larry Sharpe]]<ref name="TheRavenEffectBio"/>
|debut            = February 20, 1988<ref name="TheRavenEffectBio"/>
|website          = [http://www.theraveneffect.com TheRavenEffect.com]
}}
'''Scott Levy''' (born September 8, 1964) is an American [[professional wrestler]], better known by his [[ring name]], '''Raven'''. He is best known for his appearances with [[professional wrestling promotion]]s [[Extreme Championship Wrestling]] (ECW), [[World Championship Wrestling]] (WCW), the [[World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF) / [[World Wrestling Entertainment]] (WWE) and [[NWA Total Nonstop Action]] (TNA).<ref name="Milner">{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/Bios/raven.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150519043943/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/Bios/raven.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 19, 2015|title=Raven|author=Milner, John|access-date=February 15, 2015|publisher=[[Quebecor Media]]|work=[[Canoe.com]]}}</ref><ref name="WWEBio">{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/raven|title=Raven|access-date=February 14, 2015|publisher=[[WWE]]|work=[[WWE]].com}}</ref><ref name="TheRavenEffectBio">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/site/bio/|title=Biography|access-date=February 15, 2015|work=TheRavenEffect.com}}</ref>

Widely recognized as "one of the best talkers in wrestling", Raven is known for his "psychological [[Heel (professional wrestling)|heel]] tactics" and [[grunge]]-inspired [[Gimmick (professional wrestling)|gimmick]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Scott E. Williams|title=Hardcore History: The Extremely Unauthorized Story of ECW|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4EQtAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT69|date=December 13, 2013|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated|isbn=978-1-61321-582-1|pages=69–72}}</ref><ref name="ChattmanTarantino2014"/> His [[Feud (professional wrestling)|feud]] with [[The Sandman (wrestler)|The Sandman]] in the mid-1990s has been described as "one of the most emotional rivalries in professional wrestling's history".<ref name="WWETheSandman">{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/superstars/sandman|title=The Sandman|publisher=[[WWE]]|work=[[WWE]].com|access-date=February 1, 2015}}</ref> Over the course of his career, he held [[Championship (professional wrestling)|championships]] including the [[ECW World Heavyweight Championship]], [[ECW World Tag Team Championship]], [[NWA World Heavyweight Championship]], [[WCW Light Heavyweight Championship]], [[WCW United States Heavyweight Championship]], [[WCW World Tag Team Championship]], and [[WWF Hardcore Championship]]. He was inducted into the [[TNA Hall of Fame]] in 2022.

==Early life==
Levy is of [[Jews|Jewish]] descent; he was born in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]], the son of Paul F. Levy, a journalist and senior editor of ''[[The National Enquirer]]''.<ref>{{cite AV media| people =Oliver, Sean;Scott Levy|date =August 29, 2016| title =Breaking Kayfabe: Scott Levy| medium =video| url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uLTWK-5yeKc| access-date =December 2, 2016| time = 0:15| publisher = Kayfabe Commentaries}}</ref> He graduated from [[Lake Worth Community High School]] in 1982.<ref name="Fishman">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/site/info/interviews/index.php?subaction=showfull&id=1135810158&archive=&start_from=&ucat=10&|title=Raven Interview|access-date=February 16, 2015|work=TheRavenEffect.com|author=Fishman, Scott}}</ref><ref name="Marvez"/> He went on to attend the [[University of Delaware]], where he earned a degree in [[criminal justice]].<ref name="Milner"/><ref name="Baines">{{cite web|url=http://www.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2004/09/26/644747.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150222225800/http://www.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2004/09/26/644747.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=February 22, 2015|author=Baines, Tim|access-date=February 22, 2015|date=September 26, 2004|title=Raven takes his lumps|publisher=[[Quebecor Media]]|work=[[Canoe.ca]]|quote=And, under his real name of Scott Levy, he holds a degree in criminal justice from University of Delaware.}}</ref> He took a semester off from college to enlist in the [[United States Marine Corps Reserve]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFFEdBetTa0| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018035514/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFFEdBetTa0| archive-date=October 18, 2015 | url-status=dead|title=YouTube|website=www.youtube.com}}</ref>

== Professional wrestling career ==

=== Early career (1988–1992) ===
Levy trained as a professional wrestler under [[Larry Sharpe (wrestler)|Larry Sharpe]] at the [[Monster Factory]] in [[New Jersey]], making his debut on February 20, 1988, against [[Jimmy Jack Funk]].<ref name="Rinaldi">{{cite web|url=http://articles.philly.com/1987-07-05/news/26198215_1_sharpe-bruno-sammartino-monster-factory|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220235729/http://articles.philly.com/1987-07-05/news/26198215_1_sharpe-bruno-sammartino-monster-factory|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 20, 2015|author=Rinaldi, Ray|title=Searching for the shape of Hulks to come|date=July 5, 1987|work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|access-date=February 20, 2015}}</ref>

Early in his career, Levy competed for the [[World Wrestling Council]] in [[Puerto Rico]] as well as the [[Memphis, Tennessee]]-based promotion [[Continental Wrestling Association]] under the [[ring name]] "Scotty the Body", where he was given the [[gimmick (professional wrestling)|gimmick]] of being the "[[Age disparity in sexual relationships|boy toy]]" of [[Missy Hyatt]], who used him to her and [[Eddie Gilbert (wrestler)|Eddie Gilbert]]'s advantage. After leaving Memphis, Levy wrestled in Florida.<ref name=Milner/><ref name="Maughan">{{cite book|author=Lee Maughan|title=The Complete WWF Video Guide Volume III|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7-JpBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA53|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-291-41107-2|pages=53–|year=2013}}{{self-published source|date=February 2020}}</ref>{{self-published inline|date=February 2020}}

Levy next traveled to Canada, where he competed briefly for the [[Vancouver, British Columbia]]-based promotion [[NWA All-Star Wrestling]] before leaving due to differences with owner [[Al Tomko]]. From there, he returned to the United States, joining [[Pacific Northwest Wrestling]] in [[Portland, Oregon]]. Over the next three years, he was positioned as one of the main [[Heel (professional wrestling)|heels]], winning all of the titles and [[feud (professional wrestling)|feuding]] heavily with [[Steve Doll]]. His manager in PNW was [[Tori (wrestler)|Taylor Made]]. After taking a brief break from competing, he returned to PNW as a [[face (professional wrestling)|face]] and began a feud with [[Len Denton|The Grappler]].<ref name="Maughan"/> In the summer of 1989, Levy made a number of appearances under a [[wrestling mask|mask]] as "Matman", a ''[[Batman (1989 film)|Batman]]''-inspired character who teamed with [[Art Barr|Beetlejuice]].<ref name="Matman">{{cite news|last=Meltzer|first=Dave|date=August 7, 1989|newspaper=[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]|title=Wrestling Observer Newsletter}}</ref>

Wrestling as Scotty the Body, Levy made a one-off appearance on ''[[WWF Prime Time Wrestling]]'' in a losing effort against [[Koko B. Ware]] on October 9, 1990.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/90.htm |title=1990 |website=thehistoryofwwe.com|date=January 16, 2023 }}</ref>

After leaving PNW, Levy joined the [[Dallas, Texas]]-based [[Global Wrestling Federation]], where he adopted the ring name "Scott Anthony". Levy was part of the [[stable (professional wrestling)|stable]] known as "The Cartel", along with [[Mick Foley|Cactus Jack]], [[Mike Shaw|Makhan Singh]], [[Rip Rogers]] and Max Andrews. Levy also served as a [[color commentator]] for GWF's televised broadcasts on [[ESPN]] alongside [[play-by-play commentator]]s Craig Johnson and Scott Hudson.

=== World Championship Wrestling (1992–1993) ===
{{See also|The Diamond Exchange|l1=The Diamond Mine}}

In 1992, Levy joined [[World Championship Wrestling]] (WCW). He was given the ring name "Scotty Flamingo" and the gimmick of a surfer from Florida, even carrying a [[surfboard]] to the ring. According to him, he did not like the character nor the high flying style, but was forced by the promoters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://slamwrestling.net/index.php/1997/12/05/quoth-the-raven/?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=pmd_6Uft4mhvawSmD9uIFp0DQNAIDcBQvASI9z90P0yUhtk-1631013476-0-gqNtZGzNAjujcnBszQil|title=The SLAM! Wrestling Raven interview|date=December 5, 1997 }}</ref> He was originally managed by [[J. T. Southern]]. Levy competed in the WCW [[light heavyweight]] division, winning the [[WCW Light Heavyweight Championship]] from [[Brian Pillman]] on June 20, 1992, at [[Beach Blast (1992)|Beach Blast]]. He held the title until July 5, 1992, when he was defeated by [[Brad Armstrong (wrestler)|Brad Armstrong]]. Levy went on to align himself with [[Diamond Dallas Page]] and [[Kevin Nash|Vinnie Vegas]] as a member of "[[The Diamond Exchange|The Diamond Mine]]". Levy would continue to feud with Pillman and Armstrong, before feuding with [[Marc Mero|Johnny B. Badd]]. At ''[[Clash of the Champions XXI]]'' on November 18, 1992, Levy defeated Badd in a [[boxing]] match via knockout after Vegas surreptitiously weighted his boxing glove by soaking it in water. Levy left WCW in February 1993 after disagreements with [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Book|booker]] [[Bill Watts]].

=== World Wrestling Federation (1993–1994) ===
After leaving WCW, Levy briefly wrestled for the [[United States Wrestling Association]] (USWA) before joining the [[WWE|World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF) as manager "Johnny Polo", a spoiled, rich [[preppy]] kid. He was initially placed with [[Bryan Clark|Adam Bomb]], appearing for the first time on May 22 episode of ''[[WWF Superstars of Wrestling|WWF Superstars]]''. He managed Bomb for four months until he was replaced by [[Harvey Wippleman]]. He then became the manager of [[The Quebecers]] in September, whom he led to three reigns as [[World Tag Team Championship (WWE)|WWF Tag Team Champions]].<ref name="Milner"/> In addition to managing, Polo also occasionally appeared in tag-team and singles competition, facing Jim Powers, Virgil, Rick Steiner, Marty Jannetty, Doink the Clown, 1-2-3 Kid, Owen Hart, and Pierre Ouellet. Polo also worked as a color commentator and co-host of Radio WWF,<ref name="Encyclopedia161">{{cite book |title=WWE Encyclopedia |last1=Shields |first1=Brian |last2=Sullivan |first2=Kevin |page=[https://archive.org/details/wweencyclopediad0000shie/page/161 161] |publisher=[[Dorling Kindersley|DK]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-7566-4190-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/wweencyclopediad0000shie/page/161 }}</ref> and behind the scenes worked as the associate producer for ''[[WWE Raw|Monday Night Raw]]''. Levy left the company in October 1994, his final match coming against Adam Bomb on October 2 in Auburn Hills, Michigan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/94.htm |title=1994 |website=thehistoryofwwe.com|date=January 16, 2023 }}</ref> His last appearance as Johnny Polo was at a house show in Montreal, Quebec on October 21 when he managed Pierre Ouellet in a match against Jacques Rougeau.

=== Extreme Championship Wrestling (1995–1997) ===

==== Feud with Tommy Dreamer (1995–1996) ====
{{See also|Raven's Nest}}

After leaving the WWF, Levy began developing a new [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Gimmick|character]], "Raven". Inspired by [[The Raven|the poem]] by [[Edgar Allan Poe]] and by [[Patrick Swayze]]'s manipulative Zen master of crime in the film ''[[Point Break (1991 film)|Point Break]]'', the Raven character was a [[Major depressive disorder|depressed]], [[Psychopathy|sociopathic]], [[Stoicism|stoical]], [[Nihilism|nihilistic]] [[Misanthropy|misanthrope]] who would deliver eloquent, philosophical [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Promo|promos]] peppered with literary [[allusion]]s and ending with the catchphrase, "[[The Raven|Quoth the Raven 'Nevermore']]". Levy dramatically altered his appearance, bulking-up to approximately 235&nbsp;lbs (107&nbsp;kg), adding [[Nose piercing|nose]] and [[eyebrow piercing]]s and began wrestling in ragged [[jean shorts]], a [[leather jacket]], [[Band (rock and pop)|rock band]] or [[comic book]] [[t-shirt]]s, [[combat boot]]s and a [[flannel]] tied around his waist. After unsuccessfully pitching the character to [[Jim Cornette]], the owner of [[Smoky Mountain Wrestling]] (SMW), Raven approached [[Paul Heyman]], the [[Booker (professional wrestling)|booker]] of the [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]-based promotion [[Extreme Championship Wrestling]] (ECW), who agreed to bring in Raven as a foil for [[Tommy Dreamer]].<ref name="Williams2013A"/><ref>{{cite book|author=Thom Loverro|title=The Rise & Fall of ECW: Extreme Championship Wrestling|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j0dlOLyCj6YC&pg=PA171|date=May 22, 2007|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-4165-6156-9|pages=85–88}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Mike Rickard|title=Wrestling's Greatest Moments|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vDQQg4IBJPMC&pg=PT131|date=December 1, 2008|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=978-1-55490-331-3|pages=131–}}</ref>

{{blockquote|I want elimination by any means necessary. [[The Raven|Quoth the Raven 'Nevermore']].|author=Raven, January 1995}}

Raven was introduced to ECW by [[Stevie Richards]]. In late 1994, Richards had developed an "identity crisis", performing under the ring names "Stevie Flamingo", "Stevie the Body", and "Stevie Polo"—all references to former ring names used by Levy. After sustaining another loss to [[Tommy Dreamer]], Richards became irate and claimed he would present "the real Johnny Polo". Raven made his first appearance on the January 10, 1995 episode of ''[[ECW Hardcore TV]]'', with Richards revealing that he had a vendetta against Tommy Dreamer.<ref name="RavenJan95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/jan95.html|title=Raven results match archive: January 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref>

Raven formed a [[Stable (professional wrestling)|stable]] of [[wikt:lackey|lackeys]] known as "[[Raven's Nest]]", with Richards the first member. In February, [[Johnny Hotbody]] and [[Tony Stetson]] joined the stable, calling Raven the "voice of [their] [[Generation X|generation]]".<ref name="RavenFeb95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/february95.html|title=Raven results match archive: February 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 14, 2015}}</ref> On March 18, 1995, at [[ECW Extreme Warfare|Extreme Warfare]], Dreamer lost to the four members of Raven's Nest in a [[gauntlet match]].<ref name="RavenMar95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/march95.html|title=Raven results match archive: March 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 14, 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Raven and Dreamer July 2010.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Raven's [[Feud (professional wrestling)|feud]] with [[Tommy Dreamer]] was a major storyline in [[Extreme Championship Wrestling|ECW]].]]

On April 8, 1995, at [[ECW Three Way Dance|Three Way Dance]], Raven fired Hotbody and Stetson, replacing them with [[The Pitbulls]]. Later that evening, Raven expounded on his history with Dreamer, revealed that they had attended [[summer camp]] together as children, where Raven became the boyfriend of [[Beulah McGillicutty]], an overweight girl with acne, after she was spurned by Dreamer. Richards then revealed that he had tracked down McGillicutty, who was now a ''[[penthouse (magazine)|Penthouse]]'' model, who also harbored a grudge against Dreamer.<ref name="RavenApr95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/april95.html|title=Raven results match archive: April 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref> Later that night, Raven faced Dreamer in a singles match for the first time, defeating him following interference from both Richards and McGillicutty. McGillicutty went on to become Raven's [[manager (professional wrestling)|valet]] and onscreen girlfriend, repeatedly interfering in his bouts with Dreamer and receiving numerous [[piledriver (professional wrestling)|piledrivers]] as a result.<ref name="Loverro2007">{{cite book|author=Thom Loverro|title=The Rise & Fall of ECW: Extreme Championship Wrestling|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KYrCt0kt3iYC&pg=PA88|date=May 22, 2007|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-4165-1312-4|pages=88–90}}</ref><ref name="McNeill2002">{{cite book|author=Pat McNeill|title=The Tables All Were Broken|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2VT94FyEwPsC&pg=PA262|year=2002|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=978-0-595-22404-3|pages=262–}}{{self-published source|date=February 2020}}</ref>{{self-published inline|date=February 2020}} McGillicutty was brought into ECW by Raven, who had been introduced to her by [[Ron Gant]] in [[Florida]] earlier that year and thought she would add a new dimension to his feud with Dreamer.<ref name="Williams2013">{{cite book|author=Scott E. Williams|title=Hardcore History: The Extremely Unauthorized Story of ECW|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4EQtAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT75|date=December 13, 2013|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated|isbn=978-1-61321-582-1|pages=75–}}</ref>
The feud between Raven and Dreamer escalated at [[Barbed Wire, Hoodies & Chokeslams]] in June 1995, where Raven's Nest beat down Dreamer's ally, [[Luna Vachon]], before breaking several of Dreamer's fingers.<ref name="RavenJun95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/june95.html|title=Raven results match archive: June 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref> On June 30, 1995, at [[Mountain Top Madness#1995|Mountain Top Madness]], Raven and Richards defeated [[The Public Enemy (professional wrestling)|The Public Enemy]] to win the [[ECW World Tag Team Championship]].<ref name="RavenJun95"/>

In July 1995 at [[Hardcore Heaven (1995)|Hardcore Heaven]] after Raven and Richards successfully defended the ECW Tag Team Championship against Dreamer and Vachon, The Pitbulls left Raven's Nest, with the [[Dudley Brothers]] replacing them shortly thereafter. At [[Heatwave '95: Rage in the Cage!]] on July 15, 1995, Dreamer and The Pitbulls defeated Raven and The Dudley Brothers. Later that evening, Dreamer [[handcuff]]ed Raven and delivered a [[professional wrestling attacks#Chair shot|chair shot]] later dubbed "the chair shot heard 'round the world."<ref name="RavenJul95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/july95.html|title=Raven results match archive: July 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref> The footage of the chair shot was incorporated into the [[title sequence]] of ''ECW Hardcore TV''.<ref name="PowellInterview">{{cite web|url=https://slamwrestling.net/index.php/1997/12/05/quoth-the-raven/|title=Quoth the Raven: The Raven interview|author=Powell, John|access-date=February 20, 2015|date=December 5, 1997|publisher=[[Quebecor Media]]|work=[[Canoe.ca]]}}</ref> At [[Wrestlepalooza (1995)|Wrestlepalooza]] on August 5, 1995, during an eight-man tag team match, Raven, Richards and the Dudley Brothers defeated Tommy Dreamer, [[Mick Foley|Cactus Jack]] and the Pitbulls after Cactus Jack, Dreamer's long-time ally, turned on him, joining Raven's Nest.<ref name="RavenAug95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/august1995.html|title=Raven results match archive: August 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref> On September 16, 1995 at [[ECW Gangstas Paradise|Gangstas Paradise]], Raven and Richards lost the ECW World Tag Team Championship to The Pitbulls following interference from Dreamer. Raven and Richards regained the titles from The Pitbulls on October 7, 1995 at [[South Philly Jam]], only to lose them to The Public Enemy later that evening.<ref name="RavenOct95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/october95.html|title=Raven results match archive: October 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref> At [[November to Remember (1995)|November to Remember]] on November 18, 1995, Dreamer and [[Terry Funk]] defeated Raven and Cactus Jack in the main event. At the same event, Raven's Nest received a new member, [[The Blue Meanie]], who became a lackey to Stevie Richards.<ref name="RavenNov96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/nov95.html|title=Raven results match archive: November 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref>

At [[December to Dismember (1995)|December to Dismember]] on December 9, 1995, Raven once more defeated Dreamer, although later that night Dreamer, The Pitbulls and The Public Enemy defeated Raven, Richards, [[The Eliminators]] and [[Heavenly Bodies (1990s tag team)|The Heavenly Bodies]] in an "Ultimate Jeopardy" [[cage match]] when Dreamer pinned Richards. At [[Holiday Hell (1995)|Holiday Hell]] on December 30, 1995, Raven defeated Dreamer to become number one contender for the [[ECW World Heavyweight Championship]], unsuccessfully challenging incumbent champion [[The Sandman (wrestler)|The Sandman]] later that evening. At the same event, The Dudley Brothers left Raven's Nest following a confrontation with Richards.<ref name="RavenDec95">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/dec95.html|title=Raven results match archive: December 1995|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref> During the build-up to the match, Raven further expounded on his grudge against Dreamer, accusing Dreamer of not having been there for him during his parents' divorce, an accusation that Dreamer hotly denied. At [[House Party (1996)|House Party]] on January 5, 1996, Richards attempted to kiss McGillicutty, who refused, eventually announcing that she was pregnant. After Raven angrily confronted McGillicutty, she informed him that he was not the father, causing Raven to attack Richards. McGillicutty then revealed that Tommy Dreamer was the father, with Dreamer storming the ring and beating down Raven, Richards and The Blue Meanie before embracing Beulah.<ref name="RavenJan96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/jan96.html|title=Raven results match archive: January 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref>

==== ECW World Heavyweight Champion (1996–1997) ====
On January 27, 1996, Raven introduced his new valet, [[Kimona Wanalaya]]. Later that evening, Raven defeated The Sandman to win his first ECW World Heavyweight Championship following extensive interference from Raven's Nest.<ref name="RavenJan96"/> Over the following months, Raven successfully defended the ECW World Heavyweight Championship in bouts with opponents including [[Shane Douglas]], [[Anthony Durante|Pitbull #2]], [[Chris Jericho]], [[Damián 666]], [[2 Cold Scorpio]] and [[Terry Gordy]]. Wanalaya left him in April 1996 at [[Massacre on Queens Boulevard]] after he slapped her.<ref name="RavenMay96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/may96.html|title=Raven results match archive: May 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/june96.html|title=Raven results match archive: June 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref>

At [[Hardcore Heaven (1996)|Hardcore Heaven]] on June 22, 1996, Raven began playing [[mind games]] with The Sandman, [[brainwashing]] his ex-wife, [[Lori Fullington|Lori]] and his son, Tyler to join Raven's Nest.<ref name="ChattmanTarantino2014">{{cite book|author1=John Chattman|author2=Rich Tarantino|title=Time Heels: Cheating, Stealing, Spandex and the Most Villainous Moments in the History of Pro Wrestling|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWnKAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT43|date=June 11, 2014|publisher=Pitch Publishing|isbn=978-1-909626-82-9|pages=43–}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Williams2013A">{{cite book|author=Scott E. Williams|title=Hardcore History: The Extremely Unauthorized Story of ECW|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4EQtAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT77|date=December 13, 2013|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated|isbn=978-1-61321-582-1|pages=76–77}}</ref><ref name="RavenJune96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/june96.html|title=Raven results match archive: June 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 1, 2015}}</ref> Lori and Tyler subsequently began accompanying Raven to ringside for his matches, with Raven using him to wage [[psychological warfare]] against The Sandman over the following months.<ref name="Rickard2008">{{cite book|author=Mike Rickard|title=Wrestling's Greatest Moments|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vDQQg4IBJPMC&pg=PT132|date=December 1, 2008|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=978-1-55490-331-3|pages=132–}}</ref><ref name="Lister2005">{{cite book|author=John Lister|title=Slamthology: Collected Wrestling Writings 1991-2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=80DO1mB_69gC&pg=PA17|date=November 2005|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-4116-5329-0|pages=17–}}{{self-published source|date=February 2020}}</ref>{{self-published inline|date=February 2020}}<ref name="RavenSeptember96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/sept96.html|title=Raven results match archive: September 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 1, 2015}}</ref><ref name="RavenAugust96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/aug96.html |title=Raven results match archive: August 1996 |work=TheRavenEffect.com |access-date=February 1, 2015 }}{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

At [[ECW High Incident]] on October 26, 1996, Richards was involved in one of ECW's most controversial [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Angle|angles]], with Raven's Nest "[[Crucifixion|crucifying]]" The Sandman by tying him to a [[Instrument of Jesus' crucifixion|cross]] and placing a crown made of [[barbed wire]] on his head. The angle, which was widely criticised as being in poor taste, led to [[Olympic medal|Olympic gold medalist]] [[Kurt Angle]] severing his links with ECW and delayed the promotion's debut on [[pay-per-view]]. At the instruction of Paul Heyman, Raven came to the ring and offered a somewhat insincere apology for his actions.<ref name="Rickard2008"/><ref name="Loverro2007B">{{cite book|author=Thom Loverro|title=The Rise & Fall of ECW: Extreme Championship Wrestling|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JrGwTebNiUIC&pg=PA172|date=May 22, 2007|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-4165-6156-9|pages=172–}}</ref><ref name="Williams2013B">{{cite book|author=Scott E. Williams|title=Hardcore History: The Extremely Unauthorized Story of ECW|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4EQtAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT135|date=December 13, 2013|publisher=Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated|isbn=978-1-61321-582-1|pages=135–}}</ref><ref name="RavenOctober96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/october96.html|title=Raven results match archive: October 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 14, 2015}}</ref>

The relationship between Raven and Richards began to deteriorate in late 1996. At [[Ultimate Jeopardy (1996)|Ultimate Jeopardy]] on October 5, 1996, Raven was scheduled to team with [[Brian Lee (wrestler)|Brian Lee]] against Dreamer and The Sandman in a match with Raven's ECW World Heavyweight Championship on the line. After Raven was announced as being unable to compete, Richards substituted for him, with Raven losing his title after The Sandman pinned Richards. Upon his return, Raven blamed Richards for the loss.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/october96.html|title=Raven results match archive: October 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref> At [[Holiday Hell (1996)|Holiday Hell]] on December 7, 1996, Raven defeated The Sandman in a [[Hardcore wrestling|barbed wire match]] to regain the ECW World Heavyweight Championship. Despite this, the tension between Raven and Richards continued to build until, on December 28, 1996, Richards turned on Raven by superkicking him during a match with The Sandman. Richards, The Blue Meanie and Super Nova subsequently broke away from Raven.<ref name="RavenDec96">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/december96.html|title=Raven results match archive: December 1996|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 14, 2015}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

At the [[Crossing the Line Again]] event on February 1, 1997, Raven successfully defended the ECW World Heavyweight Championship against [["Dr. Death" Steve Williams]] – inflicting Williams' first loss in the United States in a decade – after interference from Richards backfired. As part of an agreement between ECW and the World Wrestling Federation, Raven and several other ECW wrestlers appeared on the February 24, 1997 episode of ''[[WWE Raw|Raw Is War]]'', with Raven confronting Richards.<ref name="RavenFeb97">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/february97.html|title=Raven results match archive: February 1997|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 14, 2015}}</ref>

Over the following months, Raven successfully defended the ECW World Heavyweight Championship against opponents including Dreamer, Richards, [[Rob Van Dam]] and [[Mike Bucci|Super Nova]].<ref name="RavenFeb97"/><ref name="RavenMar97">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/march97.html|title=Raven results match archive: March 1997|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 14, 2015}}</ref> His reign lasted until April 13, 1997, when he was defeated by Terry Funk in the main event of [[ECW Barely Legal|Barely Legal]], ECW's first [[pay-per-view]].<ref name="RavenApril97">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/april97.html|title=Raven results match archive: April 1997|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 8, 2015}}</ref><ref name="RavenJun97"/>

On the May 1, 1997 episode of ''ECW Hardcore TV'', a controversial angle took place in which a morose Raven, despondent at the loss of his title and other setbacks, confronted Richards, telling him he had one final "mission" for him. Raven then attacked Richards before begging him to "[[Euthanasia|end my pain]]". At [[The Buffalo Invasion]] on May 11, 1997, Raven and Richards reformed their tag team to face Dreamer and Funk, with Richards pinning Funk despite bickering with Raven throughout the match. In the main event, Raven, Richards, Funk and The Sandman faced one another in a four-way elimination match for Funk's ECW World Heavyweight Championship. During the match, Raven DDT'ed both Funk and The Sandman and then demanded that Richards pin them and then lay down for him. Richards refused, instead superkicking Raven and enabling Funk and The Sandman to pin him.<ref name="RavenMay97">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/may97.html|title=Raven results match archive: May 1997|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 1, 2015}}</ref>

At [[Wrestlepalooza (1997)|Wrestlepalooza]] on June 6, 1997, Raven faced Dreamer in a [[Professional wrestling match types#Loser Leaves Town match|"Loser Leaves ECW" match]]. During the bout, Raven abandoned his new [[manager (professional wrestling)|valet]], [[Chastity (wrestler)|Chastity]], and unsuccessfully begged Beulah to take him back. Dreamer ultimately won the match by pinning Raven for the first time, marking the end of their lengthy feud and the end of Raven's ECW career. Raven subsequently left ECW and rejoined World Championship Wrestling.<ref name="RavenJun97">{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/results/june97.html|title=Raven results match archive: June 1997|work=TheRavenEffect.com|access-date=February 14, 2015}}</ref><ref name="Fritz2006">{{cite book|author=Brian Fritz|title=Between the Ropes: Wrestling's Greatest Triumphs and Failures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pf04aqi1i0AC&pg=PA95|year=2006|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=978-1-55490-268-2|pages=95–}}</ref>

=== Return to WCW (1997–1999) ===
==== The Flock (1997–1998) ====
{{Main|Raven's Nest#The Flock|l1=The Flock}}
{{unsourced section|date=August 2025}}
On June 30, 1997, Levy made his return to WCW as Raven. He was seen sitting in the front row at ''[[WCW Monday Nitro|Monday Nitro]]'' where the commentators acknowledged him as "a man who has been a champion with other organizations".{{cn|date=August 2025}} On August 21, 1997 at ''[[Clash of the Champions XXXV]]'', Raven defeated Stevie Richards in an "unsanctioned" match and then took a seat in the front row. The storyline continued that Raven would frequently appear in the front row for the next few months with his lackeys, slowly forming what would be known as The Flock. Raven was an "unsigned [[free agent]]", but eventually accepted a contract with WCW Commissioner [[J. J. Dillon]] which stipulated that he could wrestle only when he wanted and under his own rules. The Flock was a [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Stable|stable]] of [[wikt:misfit|misfit]]s in the same vein as the Raven's Nest group in ECW. With The Flock, however, Raven was more openly abusive and controlling, which eventually led to dissension and rebellion. The group's matches were held under ''Raven's Rules'', which meant no disqualifications—weapon usage, double teaming, and outside interference were rampant.

Raven made his in-ring ''Nitro'' debut on October 27 against [[Scott Antol|Scotty Riggs]], after Riggs refused an invitation to join The Flock. Raven won the match, during which he performed a drop toehold on Riggs that drove his face into a steel chair and temporarily blinded him in one eye. The two engaged in a brief feud which resulted in a match at [[World War 3 (1997)|World War 3]] in November, where Raven defeated Riggs and inducted him by force into The Flock.

With The Flock's help, Raven won the [[WWE United States Championship|WCW United States Heavyweight Championship]] which lasted only a day as Raven defeated [[Diamond Dallas Page]] at [[Spring Stampede (1998)|Spring Stampede]] and lost the belt the following night to [[Bill Goldberg]] on ''Nitro''. He blamed The Flock and Saturn in particular for his loss. This led to a series of matches, culminating in a match at [[Fall Brawl (1998)|Fall Brawl]] that if Raven lost, The Flock would be able to disband. Saturn won with the help of [[Billy Kidman|Kidman]], who also wanted to leave Raven's abuses.{{cn|date=August 2025}}

==== The Dead Pool (1998–1999) ====
{{See also|Raven's Nest#Necro Ward/Dead Pool/Dark Carnival|l1=The Dead Pool}}
Without The Flock, Raven began a series of depressing interviews and walked out on several matches. In October at [[Halloween Havoc (1998)|Halloween Havoc]], Raven refused to wrestle [[Chris Jericho]] for the [[WCW World Television Championship|WCW Television Championship]], but eventually was convinced to return to the ring which he lost the match and was not seen until 1999. On his return, a series of [[Glossary of professional wrestling terms#Vignette|vignettes]] were shown in which a camera crew followed Raven to his supposed childhood home, where he had led a privileged [[American upper class|upper class]] lifestyle. He was also reunited with his former valet Chastity, who WCW claimed was his sister. He teamed with [[Perry Saturn]], winning the [[WCW Tag Team Championship]] at [[Slamboree (1999)|1999 Slamboree]], losing the belts to the debuting [[The Jersey Triad]] three weeks later.

He later joined with [[Vampiro]] and the [[Insane Clown Posse]] in a short-lived stable called [[Raven's Nest#Dead Pool/Dark Carnival|The Dead Pool]].<ref name="Milner"/> In a backstage meeting in August 1999, which involved every contracted WCW wrestler, [[Eric Bischoff]] offered anyone their release right then and there. Levy was the only one to stand up and walk out, as he was dissatisfied with WCW's creative direction. Levy was granted his release and left the company.<ref name="Reynolds2004">{{cite book|author=R. D. Reynolds|title=The Death of WCW|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ufOINU177dEC&pg=PA210|date=December 1, 2004|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=978-1-55490-255-2|pages=210–}}</ref><ref name="Marvez">{{cite web|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1999-11-05/entertainment/9911030477_1_wcw-eric-bischoff-ecw|title=Look back on leaving WCW? Never more, says Raven|publisher=[[Tribune Publishing]]|work=[[Sun-Sentinel]]|date=November 5, 1999|access-date=February 16, 2015|archive-date=February 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216221043/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1999-11-05/entertainment/9911030477_1_wcw-eric-bischoff-ecw|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Return to ECW (1999–2000) ===
As a condition to leaving WCW, Levy was not allowed to directly join the WWF upon leaving the promotion as levied by a no compete clause in his contract. Via a loophole in the contract, Levy rejoined ECW and signed a one-year contract on August 25, 1999. The next night, Raven made a surprise return at [[the Last Show at the Madhouse]], which was televised on ECW's [[ECW on TNN|debut on TNN]], winning the tag team title from the departing [[Dudley Boyz]] along with Tommy Dreamer on August 26, 1999.<ref name=ecwtag>{{Cite web|url= http://www.wwe.com/shows/ecw/history/ecwtaghistory/|title=ECW Tag History|publisher=WWE|access-date=February 11, 2010}}</ref> A reluctant tag team, Raven and Dreamer reigned as [[ECW World Tag Team Championship|ECW World Tag Team Champions]] for several months.<ref name=ecwtag/> When they lost the belts, they feuded briefly. Raven and [[Mike Awesome]] won the tag team title from Tanaka and Dreamer on March 4, 2000, only to lose them a week later to [[Impact Players|The Impact Players]] at [[Living Dangerously (2000)|Living Dangerously]].<ref name="Milner"/><ref name=ecwtag/> [[CyberSlam (2000)|CyberSlam 2000]] was Raven's last ECW appearance with Francine, as she aligned with Justin Credible that evening. In his last televised match (July 15, 2000) Raven challenged ECW TV champion Rhino. His in-ring appearances were initially limited by a recent surgery to repair a [[rotator cuff tear]].<ref name="Marvez"/> Shortly thereafter, he departed for the WWF.

=== Return to WWF/E (2000–2003) ===
{{see also|The Alliance (professional wrestling)|l1=The Alliance}}
[[Image:RavenWWE.jpg|thumb|upright|Raven in September 2002]]

Levy returned to the WWF, as Raven, at [[Unforgiven (2000)|Unforgiven]] on September 24, 2000 when he interfered in the [[strap match]] between [[Tazz]] and [[Jerry Lawler]] by hitting Lawler with a [[DDT (professional wrestling)|DDT]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://slamwrestling.net/index.php/2000/09/25/austin-culprit-unrevealed-at-unforgiven/|title=Austin culprit unrevealed at Unforgiven|author= Powell, John|publisher=SLAM! Wrestling|date=September 25, 2000|access-date=February 11, 2010}}</ref> His previous run in the WWF as Johnny Polo was [[Retroactive continuity|ignored by the company]]. He then started teaming with Tazz before they went their separate ways. Raven feuded with Jerry Lawler that fall until January 2001. He then moved on to the Hardcore division, where he would often bring out a shopping cart full of trash cans and other potential weapons during his entrances. On December 22 in Chattanooga, he defeated [[Steve Blackman]] for the [[WWE Hardcore Championship|Hardcore Championship]], his first of a record 27 title reigns, though most of Raven's title reigns were short-lived. The Hardcore title at the time was contested under the "[[WWE Hardcore Championship#24/7 Rules|24/7]]" defense rule, leading to segments where one wrestler would win the title only to immediately lose it to another wrestler. At [[WrestleMania X-Seven]] on April 1, 2001, he competed in his only [[WrestleMania]] match, losing the Hardcore Championship to [[Kane (wrestler)|Kane]] in a triple threat match that also included [[Big Show]]. At [[Backlash (2001)|Backlash]] on April 29, he lost to Hardcore Champion [[Rhino (wrestler)|Rhyno]] in a hardcore match. A brief angle had an anonymous Black Ninja, who was later revealed to be his old valet from his Pacific Northwest days, [[Tori (wrestler)|Tori]], aiding Raven in retaining the Hardcore Championship.<ref name="Milner"/>

When the [[The Invasion (professional wrestling)|Invasion]] storyline began, he found himself in the new [[The Alliance (professional wrestling)|WCW/ECW Alliance]]. His most notable storyline during this time was when he was managed by [[Terri Runnels]] and destroyed the love interest of Saturn, his mop called "Moppy". He also started teaming with [[Justin Credible]] in late July. By the end of the year, Raven was not seen on WWF programs, as the Alliance lost the "Winner Take All" match at [[Survivor Series (2001)|Survivor Series]] on November 18.

In March 2002, when the [[WWF brand extension]] was announced, Raven was [[WWE brand extension#Superstar selections|drafted]] to [[Raw (WWE brand)|Raw]]. On the final ''SmackDown!'' before the split began, he defeated [[Maven Huffman|Maven]] to once again win the Hardcore Championship, thus bringing the title to ''Raw''. He lost the title that Monday to [[Mark LoMonaco|Bubba Ray Dudley]]. At that time, Levy decided to spend some time announcing, and Raven became the new color commentator for ''[[WWE Heat|Sunday Night Heat]]'' and ''[[List of former World Wrestling Entertainment programming#Excess (2001–2002)|Excess]]''. This role lasted a couple of months, as he later quit the show to resume his wrestling career on ''Raw''. This did not last long either, as he was "banished" from ''Raw'' after losing a match to former ECW alumni Tommy Dreamer on the June 24 episode of ''Raw''. Raven was forced to spend the rest of the year on ''Heat''. Although he won his way back onto the ''Raw'' roster, he lost to [[Jeff Hardy]] in a [[Royal Rumble (2003)|Royal Rumble]] qualifier match, which was his final match in the WWE. He was released from the promotion the following week on January 20, 2003.

=== NWA Total Nonstop Action / Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2003–2010) ===

==== The Gathering (2003–2004) ====
{{See also|Raven's Nest#The Gathering|l1=The Gathering}}
[[File:Raven20041212.jpg|thumb|upright|Raven in December 2004]]

Raven debuted for [[NWA Total Nonstop Action]] (TNA) on January 22, 2003, two days after his release from WWE, attacking and hitting his finisher on [[Jeff Jarrett]] and stealing the [[NWA World Heavyweight Championship]] from him. Raven then embarked upon a long-running storyline in which he claimed it was his "destiny" to win the NWA World Heavyweight Title. Raven began playing mind games with the roster, starting with his former nemesis Sandman, and debuted his trademark ''Clockwork Orange'' House of Fun match, which Levy devised himself. On April 30, 2003 Raven got his first shot at Jarrett's [[NWA World Heavyweight Championship]], yet Jarrett won the match.

On September 17, 2003, Raven lost his trademark long hair after he was defeated by [[Shane Douglas]] in a hair versus hair match, thanks to the surprise interference of [[Vampiro]]. Vampiro and Raven would grow to be bitter rivals which resulted in a backstage brawl which Vampiro ended up with a torn "ACL." While in TNA, he formed a stable known as [[Raven's Nest#The Gathering|The Gathering]], which included ROH rival CM Punk, as well as [[Julio Dinero]] and [[Mickie James|Alexis Laree]], though they would later turn on him. He created matches involving old friends and brought in former colleagues from ECW such as [[New Jack]], Perry Saturn, [[Mikey Whipwreck]], and Justin Credible, all of whom Raven beat in matches. Later in the year these superstars overturned [[Sports Entertainment Xtreme]] (SEX). In 2003, Raven feuded with [[James Mitchell (manager)|James Mitchell]] and the Disciples of the New Church. Raven took them all out one by one just like he said, but with interferences from The Gathering and ECW counterparts. Raven ended his feud with James Mitchell in a [[Last Man Standing match]], which was won by Raven. This led to a long undefeated run and the beginning of Raven's attempts to fulfill his destiny. In 2004, Raven teamed up with The Sandman to go against The Gathering. The Gathering won due to interference from James Mitchell, who had aligned himself with The Gathering. Raven then teamed with [[Terry Funk]] to defeat the Gathering, even though James Mitchell tried to interfere.

Also in 2004, Raven's old friend [[Sabu (wrestler)|Sabu]] returned to TNA. Raven teamed with Sabu to defeat The Gathering one last time. Raven and Sabu then feuded with [[Abyss (wrestler)|Abyss]] and "The Alpha Male" [[Monty Brown]].<ref name="Milner"/> Abyss and Brown outnumbered Sabu on many occasions, when Raven failed to watch Sabu's back. Raven waged a campaign against Sabu, disrespecting the memory of his uncle and assaulting Sabu's mouthpiece, [[Sonjay Dutt]], until Sabu finally broke and attacked him on July 23. Raven defeated Sabu in a [[Professional wrestling match types#No Disqualification match/No Holds Barred match|No Holds Barred match]] on August 4, and a scheduled return match on August 18 was canceled after Sabu suffered a legitimate back injury. He also competed in the very first [[Monster's Ball match]], with Abyss and Brown.<ref name="Milner"/>

==== NWA World Heavyweight Champion (2005–2006) ====
On June 19, 2005, Raven turned face and fulfilled his self-proclaimed destiny when he won the [[NWA World Heavyweight Championship]] at [[Slammiversary (2005)|Slammiversary]] (by taking Jeff Jarrett's place after Jarrett attacked a fan from the crowd earlier that night and got arrested), defeating [[A.J. Styles]], Abyss, [[Sean Waltman]] and Monty Brown in a five way [[King of the Mountain match]].<ref name="Milner"/> He successfully defended the title in two defenses over the following months against Abyss at [[No Surrender (2005)|No Surrender]], and Rhino two months later at [[TNA Unbreakable (2005)|Unbreakable]]. Against Rhino he showed his full array of moves and peeled back the years looking like the Raven in ECW and early WCW. He not only defeated Rhino but hit a Raven Effect DDT on Jeff Jarrett, with the assistance of Jeff Hardy running to the ringside. He also had a tag team match with Sabu against Jeff Jarrett and Rhino.

On September 15, Raven lost the NWA World Heavyweight Championship to Jeff Jarrett in Oldcastle, Ontario, Canada, at a special event of [[Border City Wrestling]].<ref name="Milner"/> [[America's Most Wanted (professional wrestling)|America's Most Wanted]] ([[Chris Harris (wrestler)|"Wildcat" Chris Harris]] and [[James Storm|"Cowboy" James Storm]]) came out and interfered on Jarrett's behalf. BCW officials immediately contacted TNA Director of Authority [[Larry Zbyszko]], who declared the title change official<ref>[http://www.tnawrestling.com/fullnews.php?home=206 Total Nonstop Action Wrestling On Spike TV! – NEWS<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930030730/http://www.tnawrestling.com/fullnews.php?home=206 |date=September 30, 2007 }}</ref> (TNA had briefly gone dark on its national television timeslot prior to jumping to [[Spike (TV channel)|Spike TV]], prompting a title change in another NWA based promotion). This led to Raven feuding with Larry Zbyszko, who brought in wrestlers like [[Justin Credible|PJ Polaco]] and [[Chris Kanyon|Chris K]] to wrestle Raven.<ref name="Milner"/> This culminated in a match at [[Final Resolution (2006)|Final Resolution]] where Raven wrestled Sean Waltman with the stipulation that if Raven lost he would have to leave TNA. Raven lost the match and went on hiatus as a result.

Raven returned to TNA on April 23, 2006 at the [[TNA Lockdown (2006)|Lockdown]] pay-per-view, and reignited his feud with Zbyszko. They would end their feud at [[Victory Road (2006)|Victory Road]] in a [[Lucha libre#Luchas de Apuestas|Hair vs. Hair match]] which Raven won.

==== Serotonin (2006–2008) ====
{{See also|Raven's Nest#Serotonin|l1=Serotonin}}
[[File:Raven in tna.jpg|thumb|Raven in August 2007]]

He next feuded with Abyss and [[Spike Dudley|Brother Runt]], losing to the former in a Hangman's Horror match on Impact after the latter turned on him. Subsequent to this, his coverage in major televised angles has dropped considerably. While he was off-air, an alliance was teased between [[Kazarian (wrestler)|Kazarian]], [[Johnny Devine]], and [[Matt Bentley]]. On the TNA Primetime Special before [[TNA Genesis (2006)|Genesis]], the three came out in goth, addressing a new movement in TNA. After a loss at Genesis, sporting a new look (often with a mask), Raven revealed himself as their leader, caning the loser of the match. This stable became known as [[Raven's Nest#Serotonin|Serotonin]]. The direction of this stable was very hard to place, although they lost the majority of their televised matches. Regardless of the outcome, Raven would hit the Serotonin competitor with a cane. After a long hiatus, Raven returned to the ring, losing to [[Christopher Daniels]] in a [[Professional wrestling match types#First Blood match|First Blood Invitational]] then losing to [[Chris Harris (wrestler)|Chris Harris]] after interference from [[Kazarian (wrestler)|Kaz]]. On ''[[Impact Wrestling (TV series)|Impact]]'', Raven came out after Kaz's win over Havok and Martyr and hit Kaz in the back with a Kendo Stick, breaking it over Kaz's back. Raven, Havok, and Martyr then attacked Kaz with kendo sticks. On the July 19 episode of ''Impact!'', Raven and the rest of Serotonin took on the reuniting [[Triple X (professional wrestling)|Triple X]]. Raven had very little time in the match and Serotonin lost after Skipper hit a [[Professional wrestling aerial techniques#Diving leg drop|diving leg drop]], Daniels hit a [[Christopher Daniels#In wrestling|Best Moonsault Ever]], and Senshi hit a [[Low Ki#In wrestling|Warrior's Way]] on Havok.<ref name="Milner"/>

Raven won a House of Fun match, on the August 9 episode of ''Impact!''. He teamed with [[Bobby Roode|Robert Roode]] and James Storm against the team of Chris Harris, Rhino, and Kazarian. Raven lost to Kaz, who had rebelled against him, at [[Hard Justice (2007)|Hard Justice]] despite having the remaining members of Serotonin involve themselves in the match. He then issued a challenge to Abyss and Rhino at [[Bound for Glory (2007)|Bound for Glory]]. Abyss later had Black Reign added to the match and made it a Monsters Ball. Raven briefly formed an alliance with [[Johnny Devine|Havok]], [[Dustin Rhodes|Black Reign]], [[Ricky Banderas|Judas Mesias]], and James Mitchell with the purpose of defeating Abyss.<ref name="Milner"/> At Bound for glory, Raven would go on to lose the match after Abyss gave him a black hole slam on to tacks and glass. On the November 15 episode of ''Impact'', Havok was revealed to be [[Dudley Boyz|Team 3D]]'s [[X Division]] traitor, effectively ending Serotonin. At [[Turning Point (2007 wrestling)|Turning Point]], Raven substituted for Rhino in the "Match of 10,000 Thumbtacks" and teamed with Abyss to defeat [[Dustin Rhodes|Black Reign]] and [[Jon Hugger|Rellik]]. Raven was officially released from TNA, and his profile was removed from the roster on March 7, 2008.

==== Alliance with Dr. Stevie; EV 2.0 (2009–2010) ====
{{see also|ECW Originals|l1=EV 2.0}}
[[Image:Raven en la esquina.jpg|thumb|Raven in April 2010]]

After an absence of more than a year, Raven surprised fans by returning to TNA on May 28, 2009. He returned as a heel by attacking Abyss with a Kendo stick with [[Stevie Richards|Dr. Stevie]] assisting him. He then aligned himself with Dr. Stevie and [[Daffney]]. On the June 18 episode of ''Impact!'' he won a Clockwork Orange House of Fun match against [[Trevor Murdoch|Jethro Holliday]]. At [[Slammiversary (2009)|Slammiversary]], Abyss and [[Shantelle Malawski|Taylor Wilde]] defeated Raven and Daffney in the first-ever mixed tag team Monster's Ball match. After the pay-per-view, Raven's name was taken down from the TNA website.

On the November 12, 2009, episode of ''Impact!'', Raven returned again to TNA attacking Abyss and throwing a fireball at [[Mick Foley]]'s face, aligning himself again with Dr. Stevie and Daffney.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/TV_Reports_9/article_36725.shtml|title=WILKENFELD'S TNA IMPACT REPORT: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast|last=Wilkenfeld|first=Daniel|date=November 12, 2009|work=PWTorch|access-date=November 13, 2009}}</ref> At [[Final Resolution (2009)|Final Resolution]], Abyss and Foley defeated Stevie and Raven in a "Foley's Funhouse" tag team match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/PPV_Reports_5/article_37540.shtml|title=CALDWELL'S TNA FINAL RESOLUTION PPV REPORT: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of A.J. Styles vs. Daniels, Angle vs. Wolfe|date=December 20, 2009|access-date=December 21, 2009|last=Caldwell|first=James|publisher=PWTorch}}</ref> Raven appeared on the January 4 episode of ''Impact!'', teaming with Dr. Stevie in a number one contender's tag team match, where they were defeated by [[Matt Morgan (wrestler)|Matt Morgan]] and [[Hernandez (wrestler)|Hernandez]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/TV_Reports_9/article_37861.shtml |title=KELLER'S TNA IMPACT LIVE REPORT: Jeff Hardy, NWO reunion, Hulk Hogan, TNA Knockout Title match, more surprises|last=Keller|first=Wade|date=January 4, 2009|work=PWTorch|access-date=April 23, 2010}}</ref> He appeared on the February 18 episode of ''Impact!'', helping Eric Bischoff take out Abyss, along with Rhino, [[Homicide (wrestler)|Homicide]], [[Travis Tomko|Tomko]], and [[Nigel McGuinness|Desmond Wolfe]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/TV_Reports_9/article_39182.shtml|title=WILKENFELD'S TNA IMPACT REPORT: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast|date=February 18, 2010|access-date=April 23, 2010|last=Wilkenfeld|first=Daniel|publisher=PWTorch}}</ref>

Raven returned to television four months later on the June 24 episode of ''Impact!'' showing signs of a face turn, appearing in the Impact! Zone crowd beside Stevie Richards and Tommy Dreamer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnaimpact/article_42170.shtml|title=Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 6/24: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast|first=Daniel|last=Wilkenfeld|date=June 24, 2010|access-date=June 24, 2010|publisher=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> The following week the three were joined by Rhino.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnaimpact/article_42295.shtml|title=TNA Impact results 7/1: Keller's ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV show – Abyss vs. Hardy, RVD refs|last=Keller|first=Wade|date= July 1, 2010|work=Pro Wrestling Torch|access-date=July 2, 2010}}</ref> On the July 15 episode of ''Impact!'' Raven, Dreamer, Richards, Rhino, [[Devon Hughes|Brother Devon]], [[Pat Kenney]] and [[Al Snow]], led by [[Mick Foley]], aligned themselves with the [[TNA World Heavyweight Championship|TNA World Heavyweight Champion]] [[Rob Van Dam]] by attacking Abyss and the rest of the TNA locker room.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/TNA_News_1/article_42456.shtml|title=TNA News: TNA Impact TV taping "virtual-time coverage" for Thursday's episode|date=July 12, 2010|access-date=July 13, 2010|last=Caldwell|first=James|publisher=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1279001038|title=Spoilers: TNA Impact for this Thursday|date=July 13, 2010|access-date=July 13, 2010|last=Martin|first=Adam|publisher=WrestleView|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428050636/http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1279001038|archive-date=April 28, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1279252015 |title=Impact Results |date=July 15, 2010 |last=Martin |first=Adam |work=WrestleView |access-date=July 16, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719090613/http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1279252015 |archive-date=July 19, 2010 }}</ref> The following week, TNA president [[Dixie Carter (wrestling)|Dixie Carter]] agreed to give the ECW alumni their own reunion pay–per–view event, [[Hardcore Justice (2010)|Hardcore Justice: The Last Stand]], as a celebration of [[hardcore wrestling]] and a final farewell to the company.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnaimpact/article_42665.shtml|title=Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 7/22: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast|date=July 22, 2010|access-date=July 23, 2010|last=Wilkenfeld|first=Daniel|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> On the July 29 episode of ''Impact!'' Raven re–ignited his old feud with Dreamer by turning on him, after his match with Abyss, and laying him out with a DDT on a chair and in doing so, turned heel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnaimpact/article_42785.shtml|title=Keller's TNA Impact report 7/29: Tommy Dreamer announces new name for ECW faction, Hulk Hogan addresses situation|first=Wade|last=Keller|date=July 29, 2010|access-date=July 30, 2010|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> The following week, Raven explained his turn by saying that he had not forgotten how Dreamer had "stolen", and later married, his girlfriend Beulah McGillicutty, who turned on Raven back in 1996 during his and Dreamer's initial feud.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnaimpact/article_42919.shtml|title=Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 8/5: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast|first=Daniel|last=Wilkenfeld|date=August 5, 2010|access-date=August 5, 2010|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> On August 8 at Hardcore Justice Raven defeated Dreamer in a "Final Showdown" match refereed by Mick Foley.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnappvs/article_42979.shtml|title=Caldwell's TNA Hardcore Justice PPV results 8/8: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of ECW-themed PPV headlined by RVD vs. Sabu|first=James|last=Caldwell|date=August 8, 2010|access-date=August 8, 2010|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> On the following episode of ''Impact!'', the ECW alumni, known collectively as [[ECW Originals|Extreme, Version 2.0 (EV 2.0)]], were assaulted by A.J. Styles, [[Kazarian (wrestler)|Kazarian]], [[Bobby Roode|Robert Roode]], [[James Storm]], [[Doug Williams (wrestler)|Douglas Williams]] and Matt Morgan of [[Ric Flair]]'s {{Not a typo|[[Fortune (professional wrestling)|Fourtune]]}} stable, who thought they didn't deserve to be in TNA, thus once again turning Raven face.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/TNA_News_1/article_43008.shtml|title=TNA News: Spoilers – detailed Impact TV taping report for "Whole F'n Show" featuring new angle, MOTY candidate?, three title matches|first=Kevin|last=Tomich|date=August 9, 2010|access-date=August 12, 2010|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://slamwrestling.net/index.php/2010/08/12/tnas-the-whole-fn-show-beer-money-machine-guns-put-on-match-of-year-candidate-fortune-makes-statement/|title=TNA's 'The Whole F'n Show': Beer Money, Machine Guns put on match of year candidate; Fortune makes statement|first=Matt|last=Bishop|date=August 12, 2010|access-date=August 13, 2010|work=Slam! Sports|publisher=[[Canoe.ca]]}}</ref> At [[Bound for Glory (2010)|Bound for Glory]], Raven, Dreamer, Rhino, Richards and Sabu defeated {{Not a typo|Fourtune}} members Styles, Kazarian, Morgan, Roode and Storm in a [[Professional wrestling match types#Lethal Lockdown match|Lethal Lockdown match]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnappvs/article_44417.shtml|title=Caldwell's TNA Bound for Glory PPV results 10-10-10: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live PPV – Angle vs. Anderson vs. Hardy, "they" reveal|date=October 10, 2010|access-date=October 10, 2010|last=Caldwell|first=James|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> At [[Turning Point (2010 wrestling)|Turning Point]], EV 2.0 faced Fortune in a ten-man tag team match, where each member of EV 2.0 put their TNA careers on the line. In the end, EV 2.0 lost the match and Sabu was released from TNA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnappvs/article_45110.shtml|title=Caldwell's TNA Turning Point PPV results 11/7: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live PPV – Hardy vs. Morgan, EV2 vs. Fortune, Team 3D "retirement" match|date=November 7, 2010|access-date=November 7, 2010|last=Caldwell|first=James|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> Two weeks later on ''Impact!'', Raven was forced to put his TNA future on the line in a match against the TNA World Heavyweight Champion Jeff Hardy. Hardy won the match and as a result Raven was released from TNA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/tnaimpact/article_45386.shtml|title=Wilkenfeld's TNA Impact report 11/18: Complete "virtual time" coverage of Spike TV broadcast|date=November 18, 2010|access-date=November 18, 2010|last=Wilkenfeld|first=Daniel|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> His release from the company was legitimate.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/TNA_News_1/article_45184.shtml|title=TNA News: Another EV2 member cut from TNA – Raven finishes up at this week's Impact TV tapings (minor spoiler)|date=November 10, 2010|access-date=November 10, 2010|last=Caldwell|first=James|work=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref> Raven worked one last match for the promotion on November 12, 2010, defeating [[TNA Television Championship|TNA Television Champion]] A.J. Styles in a non–title match at the ''Farewell at the [[TNA Asylum|Asylum]]'' [[House show|live event]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.f4wonline.com/content/view/18323/|title=TNA house show report 11-12 Nashville|last=Goodman|first=Larry|date=November 13, 2010|access-date=November 13, 2010|work=[[Dave Meltzer#Wrestling Observer Newsletter|Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]}}</ref>

=== Independent circuit and semi-retirement (2008–present) ===
[[File:Raven Steel Cage.jpg|thumb|Raven inside a [[Professional wrestling match types#Cages|steel cage]] at a [[Ring of Honor]] show]]

In 2008, Raven appeared in [[Juggalo Championship Wrestling]] (JCW) for Season 2 of [[Juggalo Championship Wrestling#SlamTV.21|SlamTV!]]. In the main event of the second episode, [[JCW Heavyweight Championship|JCW Heavyweight Champion]] [[Steve Robinson (wrestler)|Corporal Robinson]] put his title on the line against Sexy Slim Goody. When Robinson attempted to hit the [[Professional wrestling throws#Cobra clutch legsweep|Boot Camp]], the lights shut off in the arena. When they turned back on, Raven appeared in the ring and hit Robinson with his Evenflow DDT, before stealing the JCW Heavyweight Championship belt.<ref name="SlamTV2-2">{{cite episode|title=Slam TV Season 2 – Episode 2|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5CKy3xgU3k| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/v5CKy3xgU3k| archive-date=November 14, 2021 | url-status=live|series=SlamTV!|credits=Creator and Producer: [[Insane Clown Posse]]|location=Evansville, Indiana|airdate=July 17, 2008|season=2}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In the third episode, Raven introduced Sexy Slim Goody as his newest lackey. When Robinson ran out to the ring to take his title back, Sexy Slim Goody (kayfabe) knocked him out with a [[Professional wrestling attacks#Chair shot|steel chair shot]], and Raven began to shave Robinson's afro. Sabu appeared from out of the crowd and scared Raven off, leaving Robinson with a half shaved afro.<ref name="SlamTV2-3">{{cite episode|title=Slam TV Season 2 – Episode 3|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VH6s_95TFHA| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/VH6s_95TFHA| archive-date=November 14, 2021 | url-status=live|series=SlamTV!|credits=Creator and Producer: [[Insane Clown Posse]]|location=Springfield, Illinois|airdate=July 25, 2008|season=2}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The tag team of Raven and Sexy Slim Goody had a match against Corporal Robinson and Sabu in the following episode. Raven walked out on the match with the stolen championship belt, fleeing from Sabu.<ref name="SlamTV2-4">{{cite episode|title=Slam TV Season 2 – Episode 4|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9B7oNXlKuM| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/f9B7oNXlKuM| archive-date=November 14, 2021 | url-status=live|series=SlamTV!|credits=Creator and Producer: [[Insane Clown Posse]]|location=St. Louis, Missouri|airdate=July 31, 2008|season=2}}{{cbignore}}</ref> At ''[[Bloodymania II]]'', Raven lost to Corporal Robinson in a [[Professional wrestling match types#Loser Leaves Town match|"Loser leaves JCW"]] [[Ladder match]]. However, Raven returned to the company at [[Bloodymania III]] in a losing effort against his old nemesis Sabu in a [[Professional wrestling match types#Hardcore-based variations|Raven's Rules match]].<ref name="BloodymaniaIII">{{cite web |url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/site/info/results/2009/index.php?subaction=showfull&id=1249380228&archive=&start_from=&ucat=57& |title=JCW: Gathering of the Juggalos 2009: Bloodymania III |date=September 7, 2009 |work=Match Results |publisher=Raven |access-date=April 10, 2010}}</ref>

Levy was the heavyweight champion of CWA Pro Wrestling, an [[Independent circuit|independent]] [[professional wrestling promotion]] based out of [[Orangeburg, South Carolina]], from March 15 through August 8, 2008. He won the championship when he defeated Timber in [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], on March 15. He was stripped of the title after missing several shows, therefore not being able to defend the championship. Levy was also featured doing shows overseas at Russia's Independent Wrestling Federation, battling [[Joe Hitchen|Joe Legend]]. In April 2008, Raven toured Australia and New Zealand including several seminars as well as performing. In June, Raven wrestled for multiple European promotions which included losing to [[Gangrel (wrestler)|The Vampire Warrior]] in a flaming tables match for Nu-Wrestling Evolution.

In 2009, Raven regularly wrestled for Collective League of Adrenaline Strength and Honor, NWA Charlotte and Showtime Allstar Wrestling. On August 2, 2009, Raven defeated reigning champion Preston Quinn to win the Vanguard Championship Wrestling World Heavyweight Title in Norfolk, Virginia at the NorVa. Post match, Larry Zbyszko and Raven had a war of words, where Raven challenged Zbyszko to find an opponent to face him for the VCW World Title, a match which he consequently won. In November, he wrestled all across Europe, touring with American Wrestling Rampage.

In January 2010, Raven took on [[Chris Harris (wrestler)|Chris Harris]] for the PICW Heavyweight Championship and lost. At [[Bloodymania IV]], in the main event Raven took on [[Corporal Robinson]] and [[Mike Knox]] in a triple threat match for the [[JCW Heavyweight Championship]] where Robinson retained his championship.

At JCW Legends and Icons, he was involved in a seven way "Philly Madness" match which included former ECW stars such as Sabu, Shane Douglas and the eventual winner, Rhino. Two days later at [[Bloodymania V]], Raven and Sexy Slim Goody won the [[JCW Tag Team Championship]]. On September 16, he defeated Jocephus for the USWO Heavyweight Championship and would lose it in November 11 to Jocephus. At JCW New Year's Eve Ninja Party!, Raven lost the tag team championship back to [[The Irish Airborne|The Ring Rydas]].

On April 28, 2012, Raven debuted for [[Extreme Rising]] in a dark match against [[Gary Wolfe (wrestler)|Gary Wolfe]] ending in a no contest. On October 27, Raven appeared for [[Niagara Falls, Ontario]]-based promotion Busted Knuckle Pro Wrestling's Apocalypse event, defeating Eddie Osborne in a Clockwork Orange House of Fun match. During the match, Raven threw out his shoulder while performing a DDT, but still finished the match, despite being hit with several chair shots and even going through a table after the DDT was performed. After the match, he cut a promo putting over all of the young stars in the promotion as well as Osborne, congratulating the promotion on doing a great job so far in his eyes. On November 11 at Extreme Rising, Raven took on [[Stevie Richards]] in a loser leaves town match which ended in a no contest.

In the early part of 2013, Raven toured Europe wrestling for various promotions in various countries including Germany and the Netherlands. On May 24, Raven reunited with Perry Saturn in a tag team Raven's Rules match for [[Billy Corgan]]'s [[Resistance Pro Wrestling]], defeating Brady Pierce and Mad Man Pondo. Raven had spent 2014 in Nigeria and South Africa. He defeated Fury in a singles match at a house show in [[Lagos, Nigeria]] on November 7, 2014. He won the WWP Tag Team Championship with Venus on November 24, which they lost December 22 at house show in Abuja, Nigeria. Raven signed with NWF and made his debut on the main event defeating Strong Bone in a Hardcore match on December 23. He teamed with [[The Steiner Brothers]] where they defeated Sabu and The Wolves in a Christmas house show in Lagos. He won the NWF World Heavyweight Championship on December 27, defeating Kamjarlio in steel cage match. He earned his first title defense on December 29, by defeating Sabu on a live event in Cairo. He retained again in six-man battle royal on December 30, in a house show in Newark, New Jersey.

=== Return to Impact Wrestling (2018, 2019, 2020, 2022) ===
On the December 6, 2018, episode of ''[[TNA Impact!|Impact!]]'', Raven appeared as a mental patient helping [[Eddie Edwards (wrestler)|Eddie Edwards]] escape Sandy Acres mental hospital giving Edwards a key card to get out of the hospital.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wrestleview.com/impact-results/119863-december-6-mixed-tag-team-main-event-pop-tv/|title=Impact Results – 12/6/18 (Mixed Tag Team Main Event, Ultimate X Qualifying Matches)|date=December 7, 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=OiJ4DKpRyoM|title=Raven Helps Eddie Edwards Escape the Insane Asylum - IMPACT! Highlights Dec 6, 2018|website=[[YouTube]] |date=December 6, 2018 }}</ref>

On the January 3, 2019, episode of ''[[TNA Impact!|Impact!]]'', Raven made a surprise appearance helping [[Tommy Dreamer]] attack [[Eli Drake]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wrestlingheadlines.com/impact-wrestling-results-1-3-19/|title=IMPACT Wrestling Results 1/3/19: Wrestlingheadlines|date=January 4, 2019 }}</ref>

On March 31, 2020, during the ''[[Total Nonstop Action Wrestling Special!]]'', Raven made an appearance helping [[Tommy Dreamer]] during an altercation with [[Ohio Versus Everything|oVe]] afterwards he attacked Dreamer hitting him with a kendo stick following a match between [[Rhyno|Rhino]] and [[Madman Fulton]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wrestlinginc.com/news/2020/03/tna-one-night-only-special-rhino-vs-madman-fulton-668632/|title="TNA: One Night Only" Special: Rhino Vs. Madman Fulton, Hernandez Vs. Chase Stevens, Scott Steiner|date=March 31, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.facebook.com/ImpactWrestling/videos/rhino-vs-madman-fulton-tna-march-31-2020/615939919261685/|title=Rhino vs. Madman Fulton - TNA March 31, 2020|website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>

On July 1, 2022, at [[Against All Odds (2022)|Against All Odds]], Raven returned to ''[[Impact Wrestling]]'' as a special guest commentator for the [[Clockwork Orange House of Fun match]] between [[Moose (wrestler)|Moose]] and [[Sami Callihan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wrestlezone.com/news/1304393-raven-to-appear-live-at-impact-wrestling-against-all-odds|title=Raven to Appear Live at IMPACT Wrestling Against All Odds|date=June 28, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cagesideseats.com/impact-wrestling/2022/7/2/23192488/impact-against-all-odds-recap-ravens-clockwork-orange-house-of-fun-delivered|title=Impact Against All Odds recap: Raven's Clockwork Orange House of Fun delivered|date=July 2, 2022 }}</ref>

On September 23, 2022, at [[Victory Road (2022)|Victory Road]], it was announced that Raven would be inducted into the [[TNA Hall of Fame|Impact Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/raven-be-inducted-impact-wrestling-hall-fame-bound-glory-2022|title=Raven To Be Inducted Into The IMPACT Wrestling Hall Of Fame at Bound For Glory 2022|work=Fightful Wrestling|first=Robert|last=Defelice|date=September 23, 2022|access-date=September 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924163446/https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/raven-be-inducted-impact-wrestling-hall-fame-bound-glory-2022|archive-date=September 24, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.f4wonline.com/news/impact-wrestling/raven-to-be-inducted-into-impact-wrestling-hall-of-fame|title=Raven to be inducted into Impact Wrestling Hall of Fame|work=[[Figure Four Online]]|first=Josh|last=Nason|date=September 23, 2022|access-date=September 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924191658/https://www.f4wonline.com/news/impact-wrestling/raven-to-be-inducted-into-impact-wrestling-hall-of-fame|archive-date=September 24, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> On October 7, at [[Bound for Glory (2022)|Bound for Glory]], during the pre-show Raven was inducted into the Hall of Fame by [[Tommy Dreamer]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://impactwrestling.com/2022/10/07/bound-for-glory-2022-live-results/|title=Bound For Glory 2022 Full Results}}</ref>

===Major League Wrestling (2023–2024)===
{{See also|Raven%27s_Nest#Major_League_Wrestling|l1=The Calling}}

In the summer of 2022, segments aired showing members of the [[Major League Wrestling]] (MLW) roster laid out, each with a calling card on their body. On March 7, 2023, Raven made his appearance known in an MLW video revealing himself as the leader of a heel stable known as The Calling—consisting of [[Rickey Shane Page]] and [[Akira (American wrestler)|Akira]], [[Delirious (wrestler)|Delirious]], Dr. Cornwallus, and [[Mandy Leon]]—who would attack wrestlers during their matches. April 8, 2023, he participated in [[Battle Riot V]] as the seventeenth entrant, before eliminating himself by going over the top rope.

== Other media ==

=== Filmography ===

==== Film ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1999
| ''The Jesse Ventura Story''
| Himself
| 
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Death Racers]]''
| The Reaper
| 
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Sleeper (2009 film)|Sleeper]]''
| Resnik
| 
|-
| 2013
| ''Cool as Hell''
| Himself
| 
|-
| 2025
| ''Nevermore: The Raven Effect''
| Himself
| Documentary
|}

==== Television ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Swift Justice]]''
| Franco
| Episode: Sex, Death and Rock 'n' Roll
|-
| 1998
| ''MTV Ultimate Music Video Feud''
| Himself
|
|-
| 1999
| ''MTV Beach Brawl''
| Himself
|
|-
| 1999
| ''[[Win Ben Stein's Money]]''
| Himself
| 
|-
| 1999
| ''[[Donny & Marie (1998 TV series)|Donny & Marie]]''
| Himself
| 
|}

=== Comedy ===
In 2010, Levy began working as a [[Stand-up comedy|stand-up comic]], taking part in [[Bob Levy (comedian)|Bob Levy]]'s ''Levy World Order'' comedy tour.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestleview.com/viewnews.php?id=1292089434|title=Raven on stand up comedy, ECW crowds, more|last=Martin|first=Adam|date=December 11, 2010|work=WrestleView|access-date=December 11, 2010}}</ref>

=== Music videos ===
Along with [[Diamond Dallas Page]] and members of [[Raven's Flock]], he appeared in a music video for the band [[Stuck Mojo]]'s song "Rising".

In 2011, Raven starred in the music video "Owata" by the [[Smashing Pumpkins]].

=== Merchandising ===
According to the Wrestling Figure Checklist, there are 18 different Raven action figures from WWE, TNA, WCW and ECW, making him one of few wrestlers to have one from these four major promotions.<ref>{{Cite tweet |author=Raven |user=theraveneffect |number=1093560582438113280 |title=I believe I'm still the only one with an action figure in WCW, ECW, WWE, and TNA, as well as 1 of only 2 who had a title in all 4.... But that's only cause I couldn't keep a job... ha!|access-date=November 13, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=George|first=Harvey|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B08HVLCNKV/|title=Wrestling Figure Checklist: The Definitive Guide to the Action Figures of Professional Wrestling|language=en}}</ref>

=== Podcast ===
Raven currently hosts the podcast "The Raven Effect" with heralded professional wrestling play by play man Rich Bocchini and Joseph Feeney III of The Creative Control Network.  Earlier hosts include Busby Berkeley, The Pelican and Johnny Swinger.

== Personal life ==
Levy possesses an [[Intelligence quotient|IQ]] of 143 and is a member of [[Mensa International|Mensa]] and the [[Theta Chi]] fraternity.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cygy Wrestling Biography of Raven|url= http://www.cygywrestling.com/biographies/raven.html|work=CygyWrestling|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rengland.net/site/alumni.php |title=Alumni – Theta Chi Fraternity |access-date=May 10, 2008 |format=PHP |work=Rengland.net }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> He suffers from [[type 2 diabetes]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JY-40dHa9o&feature=player_detailpage#t=752s| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/_JY-40dHa9o| archive-date=November 14, 2021 | url-status=live|title=Raven's Vlog #18 - June 8, 2011|last=theraveneffectTV|date=June 8, 2011|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and has also been diagnosed with [[histrionic personality disorder|histrionic]] and [[narcissistic personality disorder]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://411mania.com/wrestling/raven-talks-his-mental-issues-on-latest-vince-russo-podcast/|title=Raven Talks His Mental Issues on Latest Vince Russo Podcast|date=July 29, 2016}}</ref> Levy married in January 2007, but announced on [[Twitter]] in March 2013 that he and his wife had divorced. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theraveneffect.com/site/journal/2007/index.php?subaction=showfull&id=1181269768&archive=&start_from=&ucat=27&|title=theraveneffect.com - the official raven website|website=www.theraveneffect.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/THERAVENEFFECT|title=Raven (@theraveneffect) - Twitter|website=twitter.com}}</ref>

Levy is a lifelong fan of comic books. In ''[[Wizard (magazine)|Wizard Magazine]]'''s May 1999 issue, Levy is quoted as saying
<blockquote>
I love the [[Marvel Knights]] line. I'm a big [[Kevin Smith]] fan, and his work on ''[[Daredevil (Marvel Comics series)|Daredevil]]'' is the best on that book since [[Frank Miller]]'s stuff. ''[[Inhumans]]'' is also great. It could be the break-out book of the year because they're finally treating them as real characters instead of just freaks and monsters with no personality.
</blockquote>
The article goes on to say that he is a big fan of ''[[Watchmen]]'', ''[[Swamp Thing]]'', and especially ''[[The Sandman (Vertigo)|Sandman]]'' and that he has a tattoo of [[Neil Gaiman]]'s Sandman character ([[Dream (character)|Dream]]) on his back. Levy, along with [[Brian Azzarello]], wrote Issue #14 of ''[[Spider-Man's Tangled Web]]'', entitled "The Last Shoot". The [[Comic book|comic]] was based around the professional wrestler (named [[Crusher Hogan]]) who [[Spider-Man|Peter Parker]] defeated in the character's first appearance in ''[[Amazing Fantasy]]''. He also provided a cover quote for a [[Trade paperback (comics)|trade paperback]] edition of ''[[100 Bullets]]''.

Levy, along with former colleague [[Chris Kanyon]] and colleague [[Mike Sanders (wrestler)|Mike Sanders]], attempted to [[Filing (legal)|sue]] World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) for "cheating them out of health care and other benefits", but a [[federal judge]] in [[Stamford, Connecticut]] dismissed the case.<ref name="lawsuit-wwe">{{cite news|first=Monica |last=Potts |url=http://www.stamfordadvocate.com/localnews/ci_11793293t |access-date=February 27, 2009 |date=February 26, 2009 |title=Judge dismisses suit against WWE |work=[[The Advocate (Stamford)|The Advocate]] |publisher=[[Hearst Corporation]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624215244/http://www.stamfordadvocate.com/localnews/ci_11793293t |archive-date=June 24, 2009 }}</ref> In a 2010 interview Levy explained that the case was dismissed due to statute of limitations running out.

== Championships and accomplishments ==
* '''[[Australasian Wrestling Federation]]'''
** AWF Australasian Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cagematch.net/?id=5&nr=1594|title=AWF Australasian Championship « Titles Database « CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database|first=Philip|last=Kreikenbohm|website=www.cagematch.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.nzpwi.co.nz/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=4077&Itemid=1 | title=Home}}</ref>
* '''[[Extreme Championship Wrestling]]'''
** [[ECW World Heavyweight Championship]] ([[List of ECW Champions|2 times]])<ref name="ECWWH5">{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/shows/ecw/history/ecwchampionship/|title=ECW World Heavyweight Championship History at WWE.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
** [[ECW World Tag Team Championship]] ([[List of ECW World Tag Team Champions#Title history|4 times]]) – with [[Stevie Richards]] (2 times), [[Tommy Dreamer]] (1 time) and [[Mike Awesome]] (1 time)<ref name=ecwtag/>
*'''Extreme Wrestling Federation'''
** EWF Championship (1 time)
*'''Great Championship Wrestling'''
**GCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cagematch.net/?id=5&nr=675|title=GCW Heavyweight Championship}}</ref>
* '''[[Heartland Wrestling Association]]'''
** [[HWA Tag Team Championship]] ([[HWA Tag Team Championship#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[Bill DeMott|Hugh Morrus]]<ref name="HWATT2">{{cite web|url= http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/oh/hwa/hwa-t.html|title=HWA Tag Team Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date= October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''[[Juggalo Championship Wrestling]]'''
** [[JCW Tag Team Championship]] ([[JCW Tag Team Championship#Title history|1 time]]) – with Sexy Slim Goody<ref name="Bloodymania5">{{cite web|url=http://www.rspwfaq.com/2011/08/14/jcw-bloodymania-5/|title=JCW Bloodymania 5|author=Michael Bradley|date=August 14, 2011|access-date=September 27, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104133455/http://www.rspwfaq.com/2011/08/14/jcw-bloodymania-5/|archive-date=January 4, 2013}}</ref>
* '''[[Mid-Eastern Wrestling Federation]]'''
** [[MEWF Mid-Atlantic Heavyweight Championship]] ([[MEWF Mid-Atlantic Heavyweight Championship#Title history|1 time]])<ref name="MEWFMIDH1">{{cite web|url=http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/mahtmewf.html|title=MEWF Mid-Atlantic Heavyweight Championship History at Solie.org|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''[[National Wrestling Alliance]]'''
** [[NWA Central States Heavyweight Championship]] ([[NWA Central States Heavyweight Championship#Title history|1 time]])<ref name="NWACSH1">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/centralstates/nwa/cs-h.html|title=NWA Central States Heavyweight Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''National Wrestling Federation'''
** NWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref name="NWFH1">{{cite web|url= http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/whtuscw.html|title=NWF Heavyweight Championship History at Solie.org|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''[[NWA Total Nonstop Action]] / [[Total Nonstop Action Wrestling]] / [[Impact Wrestling]]'''
** [[NWA World Heavyweight Championship]] ([[List of NWA World Heavyweight Champions|1 time]])<ref name="NWAWH2">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/nwa/world/nwa-h.html|title=NWA World Heavyweight Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
** [[King of the Mountain match|King of the Mountain]] ([[King of the Mountain match|2005]])<ref name="KOTM2">{{cite web|url=http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/tnappv/slammiversary05.html|title=TNA Slammiversary 2005 Pay Per View results at Online World of Wrestling|access-date= October 11, 2007}}</ref>
** [[TNA Gauntlet for the Gold]] ([[TNA Gauntlet for the Gold#2003|2003]] – Heavyweight)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cagematch.net/?id=1&nr=1432|title=NWA-TNA Weekly PPV 59 results |website=Cagematch |access-date=February 27, 2020}}</ref>
**[[TNA Hall of Fame]] ([[TNA Hall of Fame#Inductees|2022]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/raven-be-inducted-impact-wrestling-hall-fame-bound-glory-2022|title=Raven To Be Inducted Into The IMPACT Wrestling Hall Of Fame at Bound For Glory 2022 |date=September 24, 2022 }}</ref>
* '''[[Pacific Northwest Wrestling]]'''
** [[NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship]] ([[NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship#Title history|3 times]])<ref name="NWAPNWH1">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/pnw/nwa/pnw-h.html|title=NWA Pacific Northwest Heavyweight Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
** [[NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship]] ([[NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship#Title history|3 times]]) – with Top Gun (1), The Grappler (1), and Steve Doll (1)<ref name="NWAPNWTT1">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/pnw/nwa/pnw-t.html|title=NWA Pacific Northwest Tag Team Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
** [[NWA Pacific Northwest Television Championship]] ([[NWA Pacific Northwest Television Championship#Title history|1 time]])<ref name="NWAPNWT1">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/pnw/nwa/pnw-tv.html|title=NWA Pacific Northwest Television Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''[[Pro-Pain Pro Wrestling]]'''
** [[Pro-Pain Pro Wrestling#3PW World Heavyweight Championship|3PW World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)]]<ref name="3PWH3">{{cite web|url= http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/htpppw.html|title=3PW World Heavyweight Championship History at Solie.org|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''''[[Pro Wrestling Illustrated]]'''''
** Ranked No. 22 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the ''[[Pro Wrestling Illustrated#PWI 500|PWI 500]]'' in 2003<ref>{{cite web|url=http://profightdb.com/pwi-500/2003.html|title=Pro Wrestling Illustrated (PWI) 500 for 2003|publisher=The Internet Wrestling Database|access-date=August 25, 2015}}</ref>
** Ranked No. 168 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the "PWI Years" in 2003<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi500yr.htm|access-date=September 6, 2010|title=Pro Wrestling Illustrated Top 500 – PWI Years|publisher=Wrestling Information Archive|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707054220/http://www.100megsfree4.com/wiawrestling/pages/pwi/pwi500yr.htm|archive-date=July 7, 2011}}</ref>
*'''''Ring Around The Northwest Newsletter'''''
**Wrestler of the Year (1989–1990)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/pnw/pnw16-2.htm |title=Regional Territories: PNW #16 Page #2 |author=Rodgers, Mike |date=2004 |website=KayfabeMemories.com }}</ref>
* '''United States Xtreme Wrestling'''
** UXW Heavyweight Championship (4 times)<ref name="USXWH1">{{cite web|url=http://www.uxwwrestling.net/titlehistory.html#xtreme|title=USXW Heavyweight Championship History at UXW Wrestling.net|access-date=October 11, 2007|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012013522/http://uxwwrestling.net/titlehistory.html#xtreme|archive-date=October 12, 2007}}</ref>
* '''[[United States Wrestling Association]]'''
** [[USWA World Tag Team Championship]] ([[USWA World Tag Team Championship#Title history|1 time]]) – with [[Brian Lawler|Brian Christopher]]<ref name="USWATT2">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/us/tn/uswa/uswa-t.html|title=USWA Tag Team Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''United States Wrestling Organization'''
** USWO Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cagematch.net/?id=5&nr=682|title=USWO Heavyweight Championship History}}</ref>
* '''USA Pro Wrestling'''
** USA Pro Heavyweight Championship (5 times)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cagematch.net/?id=5&nr=186|title=USA Pro Heavyweight Championship History}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/results/other/2003-05.html|title=Independent Wrestling Results – May 2003|access-date=July 5, 2008|publisher=Online World of Wrestling}}</ref>
* '''Vanguard Championship Wrestling'''
** VCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cagematch.net/?id=5&nr=2334|title=VCW Heavyweight Championship History}}</ref>
* '''[[World Championship Wrestling]]'''
** [[WCW Light Heavyweight Championship]] ([[WCW Light Heavyweight Championship#Title history|1 time]])<ref name="WCWLH2">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/wcw/wcw-lh.html|title=WCW Light Heavyweight Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
** [[WCW United States Heavyweight Championship]] ([[List of WWE United States Champions|1 time]])<ref name="WCWUS2">{{cite web|url= http://www.wrestling-titles.com/wcw/wcw-us-h.html|title=WCW United States Heavyweight Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/classics/titlehistory/unitedstates/|title=WWE United States Championship|access-date=May 25, 2020}}</ref>
** [[WCW World Tag Team Championship]] ([[List of WCW World Tag Team Champions|1 time]]) – with [[Perry Saturn]]<ref name="WCWWTT2">{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestling-titles.com/wcw/wcw-t.html|title=WCW World Tag Team Championship History at Wrestling-Titles.com|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>
* '''[[World Wrestling Federation]] / [[World Wrestling Entertainment]]'''
**[[WWE Hardcore Championship|WWF/WWE Hardcore Championship]] ([[List of WWE Hardcore Champions|26 times]])<ref name="WWEH4">{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/hard/|title=WWE Hardcore Championship History|publisher=[[World Wrestling Entertainment]]|access-date=October 11, 2007}}</ref>

=== ''Luchas de Apuestas'' record ===
{{See also|Lucha libre#Luchas de Apuestas|l1=Luchas de Apuestas}}
{|class="wikitable sortable" width=100%  style="text-align: center"
!width=20% scope="col"|Winner (wager)
!width=20% scope="col"|Loser (wager)
!width=20% scope="col"|Location
!width=20% scope="col"|Event
!width=15% scope="col"|Date
!class="unsortable" width=5% scope="col"|Notes
|-
|[[Shane Douglas]] (hair) || Raven (hair) || Nashville, Tennessee || [[Total Nonstop Action Wrestling|NWA-TNA Weekly PPV #62]] || {{dts|2003|09|17}} ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://impactplus.tv/details/_6003448678001|title=NWA-TNA Weekly Pay-per view #62}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of Jewish professional wrestlers]]

== Footnotes ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Scott Levy|Raven}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{Professional wrestling profiles}}
* {{IMDb name|name = Scott Levy}}

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