View source for Richard de Lucy

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{hatnote|Not to be confused with Richard de Luci or Lucy, [[History of the Royal Navy (before 1707)|first recorded admiral of the Royal Navy]] in 1223.}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    =
| name                =Richard de Lucy
| honorific-suffix    =
| image               =
| imagesize           =
| smallimage          =
| caption             =
| order               =
| office              = Chief [[Justiciar]] of England
| term_start          =1154
| term_end            =1178 or 1179
| vicepresident       =
| viceprimeminister   =
| deputy              =
| lieutenant          =
| monarch             = [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]
| predecessor         = [[Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester]]
| successor           = [[Ranulf de Glanvill]]
| constituency        =
| majority            =
| order2               =
| office2              = [[Sheriff]] of [[Essex]]
| term_start2          =1156
| term_end2            =1157
| vicepresident2       =
| viceprimeminister2   =
| deputy2              =
| lieutenant2          =
| monarch2             =
| predecessor2        =
| successor2          =
| constituency2        =
| majority2            =
| birth_date          =1089
| birth_place         =
| death_date          =14 July 1179
| death_place         =[[Lesnes Abbey]], Kent
| nationality         =
| party               =
| spouse              =Rohese
| relations           =
| children            =Geoffrey de Lucy, [[Godfrey de Lucy]], Maud de Lucy, Alice de Lucy, Aveline de Lucy<ref>Turner "Exercise of the King's Will" Albion p. 400</ref>
| residence           =
| alma_mater          =
| occupation          =
| profession          =
| religion            =
| signature           =
| website             =
| footnotes           =
}}
'''Richard de Lucy''',{{sfnp|Amt|2004}} '''Luci''',{{fact|date=April 2024}} '''Lucie''',{{sfnp|Lysons|Lysons|1814}} or '''Lusti'''{{sfnp|Lysons|Lysons|1814}} (1089{{nbsp}}– 14 July 1179), also known as '''Richard the Loyal''',{{sfnp|''Enc. Brit.''|1911}} was first noted as [[High Sheriff of Essex]], after which he was made Chief [[Justiciar]] of England.

{{anchor|Biography|History}}
==Life==
The [[De Lucy]] family took its surname from [[Lucé, Orne|Lucé]] in southern [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]], then still held by the English kings. Richard inherited from his father estates in Norfolk, Suffolk, Kent, and Normandy.{{sfnp|Turner|1989|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=7vTUAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA163 163]}} His mother was Aveline, the niece and heiress of William Goth. In the charter for [[Sées Cathedral]] in February 1130–31 [[Henry I of England|Henry I]] refers to Richard de Lucy and his mother, Aveline. His brother, [[Walter de Luci]], was abbot of [[Battle Abbey]].<ref name=Monastic>Knowles ''The Monastic Order in England'' p. 589</ref> De Lucy's wife, Rohese, who is named in several documents, was possibly a sister of Faramus de Boulogne.<ref>Richardson, D. (2011) ''Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study ...'' p. 202 (via [https://books.google.com/books?id=8JcbV309c5UC&dq=richard+de+lucy+-+rohese&pg=RA1-PA202 Google])</ref> Rohese and Faramus were children of William de Boulogne who was the son of Geoffrey fitz Eustace (son of [[Eustace II, Count of Boulogne]]) and Beatrice, daughter of Norman magnate [[Geoffrey de Mandeville (11th century)|Geoffrey de Mandeville]].

An early reference to the family refers to the render by [[Henry I of England|Henry I]] of the lordship of [[Diss, Norfolk|Diss]], [[Norfolk]] to Richard de Lucy, Governor of [[Falaise, Calvados|Falaise]], [[Normandy]], after defending it with great valour and heroic conduct when besieged by [[Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou|Geoffrey, Earl of Anjou]].

In 1153–4 De Lucy was granted [[Chipping Ongar]], [[Essex]] by William, son of [[Stephen, King of England|King Stephen]] and his wife, [[Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne|Maud of Boulogne]]. He may have built the motte-and-bailey [[Ongar Castle]], although it is also attributed to [[Eustace II, Count of Boulogne|Eustace II Count of Boulogne]] ({{c.|1015|1087}}). Richard de Lucy was appointed [[Sheriff]] of both Essex and [[Hertfordshire]] for 1156.

[[Image:Lesnes Abbey.JPG|left|thumb|400px|The ruins of [[Lesnes Abbey]], in [[Bexley]], south-east London]]
When [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] came to the throne in 1154, De Lucy was made Chief [[Justiciar]] of England jointly with [[Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester|Robert de Beaumont, Earl of Leicester]]. When de Beaumont died in 1168, De Lucy continued to hold the office in his own right.{{sfn|Powicke|Fryde|1961|p=69}} One of the members of his household was [[Roger fitzReinfrid]], the brother of [[Walter de Coutances]]. Roger became a royal judge and later donated land to [[Lesnes Abbey]] in [[Kent]], which had been founded by De Lucy.{{sfn|Keats-Rohan|2002|p=942}}

He resigned his office between September 1178 and Easter of 1179,{{sfn|Powicke|Fryde|1961|p=69}} and retired to Lesnes Abbey, where, three months later on 14 July 1179, he died and was buried.

==Legacy==
Richard's son [[Godfrey de Lucy]] entered the clergy and became [[bishop of Winchester|bishop]] of [[diocese of Winchester|Winchester]] (1189{{ndash}}1204). Richard's eldest son Geoffrey de Lucy predeceased him and Geoffrey's two sons Geoffrey and Richard died without children early in the reign of [[Richard I of England|Richard{{nbsp}}I]] (r.{{nbsp}}1189{{ndash}}1199).{{sfnp|Turner|1989|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=7vTUAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA163 163]}} This led to protracted litigation over his estate between Richard and Geoffrey's daughters that lasted until the reign of [[Henry III of England|Henry{{nbsp}}III]] (r.{{nbsp}}1216{{ndash}}1272).{{sfnp|Turner|1989|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=7vTUAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA163 163]}}

==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation |last= |first= |contribution=[[:s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lucy, Richard de|Richard de Lucy]] |title=Encyclopaedia Britannica |edition=11th |date=1911 |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica |location=New York |volume=XVII |page=111 |editor=Hugh Chisholm |display-editors=0 |ref={{harvid|''Enc. Brit.''|1911}} }}.
* {{citation |last=Amt |first=Emilie |contribution=Richard de Lucy |title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |date=2004 |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |contribution-url=https://websites.umich.edu/~bobwolfe/gen/mn/m30291x30293.htm#Fm30291x30293N3 }}.
* {{cite book |last=Keats-Rohan |first=Katharine |authorlink= Katharine Keats-Rohan |title=Domesday Descendants: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents, 1066–1166: Pipe Rolls to Cartae Baronum |publisher=Boydell Press |location=Ipswich |year=2002 |isbn=0-85115-863-3 }}
* {{citation |last1=Lysons |first1=Daniel |last2=Lysons | first2=Samuel |author1-link=Daniel Lysons (antiquarian) | author2-link = Samuel Lysons |contribution-url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/magna-britannia/vol3/lxiv-lxxii |date=1814 |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/magna-britannia/vol3 |title=Magna Britannia |volume=III |location=London |publisher=T. Cadwell & W. Davies |contribution=Principal Landholders |pages=lxiv-lxxii }}.
* {{citation |first1=F. Maurice |last1=Powicke |author1-link=Maurice Powicke |last2=Fryde | first2=E. B. | author2-link = E. B. Fryde |title=Handbook of British Chronology |edition=2nd |location=London |publisher=Royal Historical Society |date=1961 }}.
* {{citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7vTUAwAAQBAJ |title=The Haskins Society Journal |editor=Robert B. Patterson |display-editors=0 |volume=I |publisher=Hambledon Press |location=Ronceverte |date=1989 |last=Turner |first=Ralph V. |contribution=The Mandeville Inheritance, 1189{{ndash}}1236: Its Legal, Political, and Social Context |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=7vTUAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA147 147–172] |isbn=978-1-85285-031-9 |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7vTUAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA147 }}.
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [http://www.lucey.net The Lucy & Lucey Family net]
* [[David Knowles (scholar)|Knowles, Dom David]] ''The Monastic Order in England: From the Times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council'' Second Edition Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1976 reprint {{ISBN|0-521-05479-6}}

{{S-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{succession box | title=Chief [[Justiciar]]<br>jointly with<br>[[Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester]] until 1168| before=[[Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester]] | after=[[Ranulf de Glanville]] | years=1154 – {{circa}} 1179}}
{{S-end}}

{{short description|12th-century Anglo-Norman sheriff and nobleman}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lucy, Richard De}}
[[Category:1089 births]]
[[Category:1179 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Epping Forest District]]
[[Category:Anglo-Normans]]
[[Category:Justiciars of England]]
[[Category:High sheriffs of Essex]]
[[Category:High sheriffs of Hertfordshire]]
[[Category:People from Chipping Ongar]]