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{{Infobox automobile
| name = Saab 99
| image = 1969-SAAB99.jpg
| manufacturer = [[Saab Automobile]]
| production = 1968–1984
| class = [[Compact executive car]] ([[D-segment|D]])
| predecessor = None
| successor = [[Saab 90]]<br />[[Saab 900]]
| wheelbase = {{convert|2473|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|4340|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} (coupe)
| width = {{convert|1676|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} (coupe)
| height = {{convert|1450|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} (coupe)
| layout = [[Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|Longitudinal front-engine, front-wheel drive]]
| body_style = 2/4-door [[sedan (automobile)|saloon]]<br />3/5-door [[combi coupé]]
| engine = {{ubl |1709&nbsp;cc ''[[Triumph Slant-4 engine|Slant-4]]'' [[Straight-four engine|I4]] |1854&nbsp;cc ''[[Triumph Slant-4 engine|Slant-4]]'' I4 |1985&nbsp;cc ''[[Saab B engine|B]]'' I4 |1985&nbsp;cc ''[[Saab H engine|H]]'' I4 (1982–1984)}}
| transmission = 4/5-speed manual<br />3-speed ''[[Borg-Warner 35 transmission|Borg-Warner 35]]'' automatic
| designer = [[Sixten Sason]]
| assembly = Sweden: [[Trollhättan]] ([[Trollhättan Assembly]])<br/>Finland: [[Uusikaupunki]] ([[Valmet Automotive]])
}}

The '''Saab 99''' is a car produced by [[Sweden|Swedish]] manufacturer [[Saab Automobile|Saab]] from 1968 to 1984, their first foray into a larger class than the [[Saab 96]].<ref name="media.gm.com">{{cite web |url=http://media.gm.com/intl/saab/en/company/c_history/1964-1969.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20060505205542/http://media.gm.com/intl/saab/en/company/c_history/1964-1969.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2006-05-05 |title=SAAB History |access-date=2008-01-16 |work=media.gm.com}}</ref> While considered a [[D-segment|large family car]] in [[Scandinavia]], it was marketed as a niche [[compact executive car]] in most other markets. It was manufactured both in Sweden and Finland and was succeeded by the [[Saab 900]], although the 99 continued to be produced alongside its successor. The [[Saab 90]], an updated, less complex version using many 900 parts took over from the 99 in late 1984.

== Development ==
On 2 April 1964, [[Name days in Sweden|Gudmund's day]] in Sweden, after several years of planning, the Saab board started ''Project Gudmund''. This was a project to develop a new and larger car to take the manufacturer beyond the market for the smaller [[Saab 96]].<ref name="TV17.87">{{cite journal |ref = CC87 |title = Farväl till en bredaxlad svensk |trans-title = Farewell to a Broad-Shouldered Swede |language = sv |journal = [[Teknikens Värld]] |publisher = Specialtidningsförlaget AB |location = Stockholm, Sweden |page = 43 |date = 1987-08-05 |issue = 17 |volume = 39 |first = Calle |last = Carlquist }}</ref> This new car became the Saab 99, designed by [[Sixten Sason]] and unveiled in [[Stockholm]] on November 22, 1967.

The first prototypes of the 99 were built by cutting a Saab 96 lengthwise and widening it by {{Convert|20|cm|in|1}}; this created the so-called ''[[Saab Toad|Paddan]]'' (The toad), which was a disguise for the new project. After that phase, also as a disguise, the first 99 body shell was badged "[[Daihatsu]]" as that name could be made up out of the badging available for the Saab Sport.<ref name="TV17.87"/>

[[File:Saab'Daihatsu'.jpg|thumb|left|Project Gudmund with "daihatsu" label]]

The 99 was not only built in Saab's own [[Trollhättan Assembly]] - some variants were built by the Finnish [[Valmet Automotive]] in [[Uusikaupunki]] from 1969 onwards; the last five years of this production (1979–1984) was alongside the Finnish built version of the [[Talbot Horizon]], which shared a similar high quality velour upholstery to the 99.<ref>{{cite web |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181008022806/https://www.allpar.com/world/talbot.html |archive-date = 2018-10-08 |url=http://www.allpar.com/world/talbot.html |title=Valmet Automotive: Talbot Horizons Built in Finland |first = Graham |last = Arnold |work=allpar.com}}</ref>

[[File:Saab 99s in Providence, RI, 1973 (EPA).jpg|thumb|left|upright|US-specification Saab 99s on the dock in Providence, Rhode Island (1973)]]
Although Saab engineers liked the company's existing [[two-stroke cycle|two-stroke]] [[internal combustion engine|engine]], it was decided that a [[four-stroke cycle|four-stroke]] engine was necessary, and the choice was a 1.7&nbsp;L (later 1.85&nbsp;L) engine from [[Triumph Motor Company|Triumph]]. This was the same [[Triumph Slant-4 engine]] used in the [[Triumph Dolomite]], but the Saab version was fitted with a [[Zenith Carburettor Company (British)|Zenith-Stromberg]] CD [[carburetor]] developed specially for Saab. A number of Saab 99s were equipped with a [[Triumph Stag]] [[Triumph V8|V8]], but the V8 was later dropped in favour of a [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] unit which later powered the 99 Turbo.

A three-door estate version was planned from the start, but never made it into production.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.saabsportclub.com/site/ssc_musee/auto/images/saab_99_proto_20.jpg |title=saabsportclub.com |access-date=2006-10-12 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303173050/http://www.saabsportclub.com/site/ssc_musee/auto/images/saab_99_proto_20.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.saabsportclub.com/site/ssc_musee/auto/images/saab_99_proto_17.jpg |title=saabsportclub.com |access-date=2006-10-13 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171841/http://www.saabsportclub.com/site/ssc_musee/auto/images/saab_99_proto_17.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1971 (with thoughts about a [[combi coupé]]) the work on an estate was restarted, this time as a five-door.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.saabsportclub.com/site/ssc_musee/auto/images/saab_99_proto_break_1971.jpg |title=saabsportclub.com |access-date=2006-10-12 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171616/http://www.saabsportclub.com/site/ssc_musee/auto/images/saab_99_proto_break_1971.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Description and reception ==
The first engine used in the original 99 was a [[Straight-four engine|four-cylinder inline engine]] which was tilted at 45 degrees. The 1709 cc Triumph-sourced engine produced {{cvt|87|PS|kW hp|0}} SAE gross at 5500 rpm.<ref name=Autocar1976>{{cite magazine |title = Buying Secondhand: SAAB 99 |magazine=[[Autocar (magazine)|Autocar]] |volume = 144 |number = 4135)|pages =67–69 |date = 7 February 1976}}</ref> The engine was conventionally water-cooled, but unlike most cars of the time it had an electric cooling fan.

Triumph soon upgraded the engine to 1.85&nbsp;L; the appearance in February 1971 of the four-door Saab 99 (99CM4 series) coincided with the adoption of the new, bored-out, 1854&nbsp;cc unit.<ref name=Autocar1976/> Saab experienced reliability problems with the Triumph-sourced engines and decided to bring the design in-house.<ref name="TV8744">[[#CC87|Carlquist]], p. 44</ref> From September 1972 the 1985&nbsp;cc [[Saab B engine]] was used. During the lifetime of the 99 model, several subsequent engine developments took place, including the incorporation of [[fuel injection]] for some versions.<ref name=Autocar1976/>

The 99 was [[front-wheel-drive]], its engine being fitted in a reverse [[Longitudinal engine|longitudinal]] position similar to other pre-[[transverse engine]] designs like the [[Citroën Traction Avant]], orienting the clutch (or output) towards the front to place the weight of the engine behind the gearbox to avoid nose heaviness. Drive to the under-mounted gearbox was by [[Chain drive|triplex chain]]. Front-wheel-drive was still a relatively uncommon configuration at the time of the 99's introduction, although traditional in Saabs.

The [[Hood (vehicle)|bonnet]] (hood) was front-hinged and the panel extended over the front wheel-arches. The [[windscreen]] (windshield) was 'wrap-around' and very deep for the era. The [[A-pillar]] had a steep angle, providing excellent [[driver visibility]]. The [[drag coefficient]] was 0.37 while other cars of the time had 0.4 to 0.5. The chassis was also designed for passive safety, with deformation zones front and rear.<ref name="TV8744"/>

Due to the American [[sealed beam]] [[headlamp]] requirement in place at the time, the USA models had a special front fascia with four round headlights instead of the two rectangular units it had in other markets. The "US front" then became an item for [[Custom car|car customisers]] in Europe, and ''[[vice versa]]''.

Early 99s carried over the [[freewheel]] [[transmission (mechanics)|transmission]] from the Saab 96, but the freewheel was removed with the introduction of the 1.85&nbsp;L engine,<ref name="TV8745">[[#CC87|Carlquist]], p. 45</ref> likely on account of the extra power that the apparatus would have to transmit.{{citation needed|date=November 2014}} The [[handbrake]] was on the front wheels.

The 99 was Saab's last factory rally car,{{citation needed|date=November 2014}} first in '''EMS''' guise and later as the '''Turbo''' version. The Saab 99 Turbo was one of the first 'family cars' to be fitted with a turbo after the 1962-63 [[Oldsmobile]] Turbo Jetfire; other contemporary turbocharged automobiles were 'specialised' vehicles and were difficult to drive. ''[[Popular Mechanics]]'' lists the Saab 99 Turbo as number two on its Top Ten list of turbocharged cars of all time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/news/vintage-speed/4296068 |title=Top 10 Turbocharged Cars of All Time |publisher=Popularmechanics.com |date=2008-12-17 |access-date=2011-12-01 |archive-date=2012-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108040033/http://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/news/vintage-speed/4296068 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The UK's ''"[http://driventowrite.com/2014/11/07/1968-saab-99-review/ Mass Motorist]"'' magazine (1968) summarised their view of the 99 as follows: "That the 99 is comfortable, well-made, satisfying to drive and well-equipped ought to mean that other makers should take heed. The [[BMW 02 Series|BMW 2002]] and [[Alfa Romeo Giulia]] are the SAAB 99's main rivals. I would contend here that SAAB has the advantage of them, and should SAAB choose to fit an even more powerful motor, the 99 could be a class leader in a short space of time."<ref name="carmagazine.co.uk">"Mass Motorist" Dec 1968 [http://www.carmagazine.co.uk/Community/Forum-Landing/Forum-Categories/Topic/?&topic-id=7297 carmagazine.co.uk] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720111512/http://www.carmagazine.co.uk/Community/Forum-Landing/Forum-Categories/Topic/?&topic-id=7297 |date=2011-07-20 }}</ref>

Australia's ''[[Wheels magazine]]'' wrote in a July 1978 road test of the 99 Turbo, "Compare the top-gear times and you'll see that the Turbo is almost as fast between {{convert|60|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|160|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} in fourth gear as any five-seater in the world". ''[[Motor (Australian magazine)|Modern Motor]]'' of August 1978 wrote; "It is necessary to drive the car to believe that such a seemingly endless surge of strong acceleration is possible from a 2.0&nbsp;L engine in a far from lightweight car".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/marcboncz/saab/AutoSpeedarticle/ |title=AutoSpeed - Classic Performance - The SAAB 99 Turbo |publisher=Geocities.com |access-date=2009-05-27 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20091026061236/http://www.geocities.com/marcboncz/saab/AutoSpeedarticle/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-10-26}}</ref>

''[[Popular Science]]'' wrote "It's in the Peugeot/Volvo price class, but in the Colt/Dasher fuel-economy class; and the little four-cylinder overhead-cam engine gives this car V8 agility" and "No American made engine since 1968 can compare with this kind of driveability, and earlier ones are still not equal to the Saab"<ref>{{cite news |title=Capsule test: Saab 99 Wagonback |work=Popular Science |issue=dec 1974 |date=December 1974}}</ref>

A police version of the 99 was also built. The hood/bonnet of the 99 (and also the 900) caused problems for the police livery team. Since it wraps around, covering the wheel arches, the paint had to be extended up onto the hood panel and not restricted to just the fenders as on other cars.

The Saab 99 ([[Sedan (automobile)|saloon]] model) featured a heating duct leading to the rear window - a lever between the front seats controlled the de-fogging airflow. The 99 featured a floor-located ignition switch which also locked the gear stick (rather than the steering wheel). This arrangement required drivers to select reverse gear before the ignition key could be removed.

<gallery widths=200 heights=150>
1970 Saab 99 4dr.jpg|1970 Saab 99 four-door side
1982 Saab 99 4-dr.jpg|Late (1982) SAAB 99 four-door sedan
1983 Saab 99 GL 2.0 Front.jpg|1983 Saab` 99 GL with facelifted radiator grille similar to the Saab 900
Saab 99 EMS 1974 (UK Spec).jpg|UK-spec 1974 Saab 99 EMS
1974Saab99EMS-US.jpg|US-spec 1974 Saab 99 EMS
Saab99turbo-green.jpg|Saab 99 Turbo with 'inca' wheels
1978-SAAB99T.jpg|1978 Saab 99 Turbo, with combi coupé bodywork
Saab99turbo-seats-green.jpg|99 Turbo-specific seats
Saab 99 GLE-L –76.jpg|The first factory stretched Saab 99 'Finlandia' limousine
</gallery>

== Models ==
*'''E '''—Introduced for 1970 (available by order, not from the dealer floor), the 99E (Electronic [[fuel injection]], four-speed manual) was originally only available in a two-door version. The '''99 E''' had the 1709&nbsp;cc [[engine displacement]] Triumph engine giving {{convert|87|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} from Bosch Type-D Jetronic fuel injection instead of the [[Zenith Carburettor Company (British)|Zenith-Stromberg carburetors]]. The original carbureted engine produced {{cvt|80|PS|kW|0}}. Fuel consumption was 7.8 L/100&nbsp;km (33 mpg) at 105–110&nbsp;km/h (65-70&nbsp;mph).
* '''EMS'''—Introduced in 1972, the EMS (Electronic fuel injection [[Manual transmission]] Special<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.griffinmodels.com/the-saab-way/the-saab-way-1972.html | title = The SAAB Way | author-link = Gunnar A. Sjögren |last = Sjögren |first = Gunnar A. |publisher = Gust. Österbergs Tryckeri AB | location = Nyköping, Sweden | date = 1984 | via = Griffin Models | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180430005249/https://griffinmodels.com/the-saab-way/the-saab-way-1972.html |archive-date = 2018-04-30 }}</ref>) was a sportier model that was originally only available in a two-door version. Engine was equipped from 1972 to 1974 with Bosch D-jetronic and from 1975 on with Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection. Despite the fuel system change, letter "e" was kept in model name. In 1977 the EMS became available in the three-door 'wagonback' body that was introduced for standard models in 1974 (1978 in the USA). It had a stiffer suspension and was sold in yellow or a copper coral [[metallic paint]] in 1973, Sterling Silver or Sunset orange in 1974, black or Sterling silver in 1975 and 1976, black, Sterling silver, or Cardinal red in 1977, and Sterling silver or Cardinal red in '78. The new Swedish-built engine had 1985&nbsp;cc displacement giving {{cvt|110|PS|kW hp|0}} and a top speed of {{convert|170|km/h|mi/h|0|abbr=on}}. The grille badge differed from the more basic models in 1973 and 1974 only. Other features through the years included quicker steering, luxury interior, soccerball wheels, carpeted trunk, and front air dam.
*'''SSE'''—Sold in the US to satisfy demand while the EMS was not yet available there. The SSE had a black or burled walnut [[vinyl roof]] cover, a [[BorgWarner]] [[automatic transmission]] and a 1.85-litre Triumph engine.
*'''X7'''—Introduced in 1973. A very basic model only sold in Sweden and Denmark. The car had no self-repairing bumpers and it also had the same seats as the V4 Saabs, although these did not include electric heating elements. A simpler heating and ventilation system was also installed. The clock, cigarette lighter, glove compartment and the rear window defogger were also dropped.
*'''L'''—Luxe. A budget model introduced in 1973 that came with the 1.85&nbsp;L engine.
*'''LE'''—Equipped with the same fuel-injected engine as the EMS; unknown what years it was produced (at least from 1974).
*'''GL'''—Grand Luxe.
*'''GLE'''—Grand Luxe with E for INJECTION not executive,<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.hagstromsaab.co.uk/journals.asp?journalistID=1&journalEntryID=11 |title = Saab 99 Buyer's Guide |publisher = Hagstrom Saab |access-date = 2019-10-14 |archive-date = 2018-08-15 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180815164622/http://www.hagstromsaab.co.uk/journals.asp?journalistID=1&journalEntryID=11 |url-status = live }}</ref> introduced in 1976. This was the top model, equipped with fuel injection, [[power steering]] (in some markets), and an automatic transmission.
*'''GLs'''—Grand Luxe Super. It was the same as a GL but with two carburetors instead of one. It had {{cvt|108|PS|kW hp|0}} compared to the {{cvt|100|PS|kW hp|0}} in the single-carburetor version.
*'''Turbo'''—Introduced in 1978, although 100 pre-series cars were built in 1977. The 99 Turbo was fitted with a [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] version of the 2-litre engine. The body was originally a 3-door combi coupé version but later in 1979-80 the company produced a two-door model, which was a limited homologation exercise to enable the production of a rally car. It was available in Cardinal red, Sterling silver, Anthracite grey, and Black; the two-door was available in silver, cardinal red and metallic green. The '''Turbo S''' was a special model with factory-mounted [[Water injection (engines)|water injection]], giving an extra 15–20&nbsp;PS. In 1978 there was a very limited edition of a little over 100 five-door 99 Turbos. They were only available in Cardinal red.
*'''Finlandia'''—A [[limousine]] version of the Saab 99 GLE combi coupé with a {{convert|25|cm|in}} longer wheelbase was introduced in 1977 by [[Valmet]] in [[Uusikaupunki]] (Nystad), Finland. The Swedish head office was not too fond of this model or the concept of making an executive car out of the 5-door combi coupe. And so it was only sold in Finland and never given an official designation by Trollhättan. It was available from local dealers as the Saab 99 "Finlandia". The first year had a short extension piece between the front and rear doors. In 1978 the wheelbase was slightly shortened to {{convert|20|cm|in}} longer than in the standard model but arguably more elegant in execution. The elongation was done discreetly by adding {{convert|10|cm|in}} to all four doors, however inside the change was distinct only in the backseat, with significantly increased rear legroom. Three late 99 Finlandias were fitted with turbocharged engines and manual transmissions at the factory.

:These cars were inspired by a gift to the Finnish President [[Urho Kekkonen]] in the mid 1970's by the industrialist and personal friend [[Marcus Wallenberg Jr.]], who got the idea at a social function where Kekkonen had complained to him that he disliked his brash and extremely conspicuous Cadillac official state car in a normal setting. According to him, it was not appropriate transportation despite his status as it made him feel unduly elevated above the common people. Aside from an official state visit from abroad or visiting the embassies of superpowers like the Soviet Union or the United States, and other similar functions which necessitated maintaining a different kind of appearance, it was far too exuberant. In addition to which, it strongly stood out from normal Finnish traffic and everybody knew who was in it, making this an obvious security concern. Large luxurious American sedans were extremely rare at the time in Finland. Kekkonen didn't have a driver's license and preferred to be chauffeured to his official business, but in an inconspicuous fashion. To cater to this, Wallenberg ordered a pine-green Saab 99 and had it elongated by 20&nbsp;cm, by having 10&nbsp;cm added to all the doors, at a Swedish coach-builder in Malmö called Heiner's Mekaniska Verkstad. Wallenberg gifted the car to Kekkonen, who loved it. This was of course widely reported in the press and Finnish political and economic elite liked the idea to the point that Saab-Valmet felt necessary to start emulating the fashion endorsed by the nation's head of state. Kekkonen's original Wallenberg Special 99 is on display at the [[Uusikaupunki Automobile Museum]], which also chronicles the history of Saab (and other makes) and the various specialized models developed as concept cars or manufactured at the Valmet factory. The tradition continued with the [[Saab 900]] Finlandia in 1979, which was then from 1982 sold as the 900 CD with most ordered examples being 4 door-sedans, instead of 5 door combi coupés. One LWB 900 5D combi coupé aka "The last Saab Finlandia" was delivered to Finnish paper-mill giant [[Metsä Group]] in 1983.<ref>[https://saab900cdregister.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/SAABISTI-article-4-2006.pdf saab900cdregister.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130110659/https://saab900cdregister.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/SAABISTI-article-4-2006.pdf |date=2022-01-30 }}, Saabisti Magazine 2006</ref>
*'''Petro'''-Multifuel engine designed to run on either gasoline or kerosene. Produced 1979–1981 in Uusikaupunki and only sold in Finland. Developed due raising fuel prices to be an alternative or replacement for a diesel engine which was missing from Saab's model line.

===Performance===
*'''Saab 99E 1.85L''' 95&nbsp;hp/DIN. Acceleration 0–100&nbsp;km/h 14.6 sec. Top speed 161.5&nbsp;km/h.
*'''Saab 99 EMS''' 118&nbsp;hp/DIN. Acceleration 0–100&nbsp;km/h 11.6 sec. 0–160&nbsp;km/h 41.0 sec. Top speed 175.6&nbsp;km/h.
*'''Saab 99 Turbo''' 143&nbsp;hp 145&nbsp;PS/DIN. Acceleration 0–100&nbsp;km/h 9.2 sec. 0–160&nbsp;km/h 26.2 sec. Top speed 196.7&nbsp;km/h. (U.S. 135&nbsp;hp for 1978 only)
*'''Saab 99 Petro''' 85&nbsp;hp/DIN. Acceleration 0–100&nbsp;km/h 16,5 sec. Top speed 155&nbsp;km/h.

===References===
*''Auto, motor und sport'' nr4.4 0 60 24-1971 and nr 8–1979.

== History ==
The 99 was first shown on November 22, 1967.<ref name="saabmuseum.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.saabmuseum.com/99/index.html|title=SAAB 99|access-date=2008-01-16|work=saabmuseum.com|archive-date=2008-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080210015723/http://www.saabmuseum.com/99/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The first production cars came in autumn 1968, although only 4190 cars were built this year.<ref name="TV8745"/> Production increased considerably in 1969 and again in 1970 when the four-door model arrived. In 1970 the interior was also given a facelift and became more luxurious, with a new steering wheel. The exhaust system was now made of aluminum, engine mounts and drive joints were changed. In March, the 99E (also available with a three-speed automatic transmission) was introduced. It had a 1.75&nbsp;L engine with electronically controlled fuel injection, giving {{convert|87|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="TV8745"/> The 1970 99 was also the first passenger vehicle to be sold with the headlamp wipers in Swedish market as standard, two years before they became mandatory in Sweden.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hotcars.com/what-happened-to-car-headlight-wipers/ |title=Here's What Happened To Headlight Wipers On Cars |work=Hot Cars |first=Andrew |last=Tardif |date=20 March 2023 |accessdate=19 February 2025 |archive-date=29 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329212820/https://www.hotcars.com/what-happened-to-car-headlight-wipers/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1971 the 99 was given a larger and stronger engine, a 1.85&nbsp;L engine giving {{convert|86|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} on the [[carbureted]] model and {{convert|95|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} for the fuel-injected model. The 1.75&nbsp;L engine was now only available with a carburetor. Saab also introduced headlight wipers, as well as larger rear-view mirrors and an additional air inlet beneath the existing grille. The dashboard was given a redesign along with new instruments.<ref name="TV8745"/>

In 1972 the 1.75&nbsp;L engine was no longer available. The power of the engine was increased to {{convert|88|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} for carbureted models and {{convert|97|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} for fuel-injected models. The [[Saab B engine|2.0&nbsp;L engine]] became available. The major change this year were new plastic bumpers that could take impacts up to {{convert|8|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} and still retain their shape. The suspension was stiffened and received stronger dampers. An electrically heated driver's seat was also introduced. In January 1972 the 99 '''EMS''' (''Electronic-Manual-Special'') was introduced. It was a sportier model that was originally only available in a two-door version; but became available in the wagonback body beginning in 1974 (Europe). It had stiffer suspension and also silver or copper ('bronze')-colored metallic paint as option. The engine had 1985&nbsp;cc [[engine displacement|displacement]] and [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] [[Jetronic#D-Jetronic (1967–1976)|D-Jetronic]] electronic fuel injection giving {{convert|110|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} and a top speed of {{convert|170|km/h|mi/h|0|abbr=on}}.

For the United States, a special 99 SSE was developed to satisfy demand while the EMS was not yet available there. The SSE had a black or burled walnut [[vinyl roof]] cover and an [[automatic transmission]] (by [[Borg-Warner]]). It also had the 1.85&nbsp;L Triumph engine installed.

In 1973 a low-cost model called the 99L was introduced. It was a two-door with a 1.85&nbsp;L engine giving {{convert|88|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}. All other models had the Swedish-built 2.0&nbsp;L engine, which produces {{convert|95|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} in carburetted form. The LE model had electronic fuel injection giving {{convert|110|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}. The LE model was mainly made for export. The inner ceiling was changed, as were protective bars in the doors, and a new black grille. In Northern Europe, a de-contented model called the 99 X7 was also marketed.<ref name="TV8745"/>

[[File:Saab 99 estate prototype.jpg|thumb|In 1971 a five-door estate version was prototyped, but preference was given to a three-door hatchback, the "combi coupé" launched in 1974.]]
In January 1974 the three-door [[hatchback]] combi coupé (marketed as a "Wagon Back" in the USA) was introduced. It was {{convert|11|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} longer than the [[sedan (car)|sedan]]. Front seats and steering wheel were new for 1974, while the EMS received an all-new, model-specific interior. [[Seat belt|Inertial reel belts]] were also fitted.

In 1975 the brakes were improved and the [[hand brake]] now worked directly on the primary brake pads instead of on separate pads acting as drum brakes inside the brake rotor. The 99 was now available in two versions, one with a carburetor with {{convert|100|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} and a fuel-injected version using Bosch [[Jetronic#K-Jetronic (1974–1988)|K-Jetronic]] fuel injection system giving {{convert|118|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}}. In February a model using Zenith-Stromberg 150CDS(E) dual carburetors was introduced. It was only available for the combi coupé and has {{convert|108|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}}. The combi coupé had been fitted with a unique grille in 1974; this was now applied across the range.<ref name="TV8745"/>

In 1976 nothing major was changed, but a self-adjusting [[clutch]] was introduced. The engines were adapted for tougher emissions requirements and several models with an electrically heated rear window were introduced. A luxurious 4-door sedan model was available, the 99 GLE. it came with power steering, an automatic transmission, a fuel-injected engine, luxurious upholstery on the seats and an armrest in the rear seat. The five-door combi coupé model was also introduced.<ref name="TV8745"/>

In 1977, the front light clusters and the sedan's tail lights were enlarged. The rubber strips on the bumpers were changed. The "One Hundred series" of test-fleet Turbo cars were distributed around the world. The cars were mainly made from three- and two-door EMS models, but a few four-door and even five-door cars were also made. The four- and five-door models were tested by mostly police in Sweden, Finland and Switzerland.

In 1978 a [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] version of the car, the 99 Turbo, was introduced. It was only available as a combi coupé until the next year. The turbocharged two-liter engine produced {{convert|145|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} giving the car a top speed of {{convert|200|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}. The turbochargers were designed and built by [[Garrett AiResearch]]. In terms of appearance, it received distinctive alloy wheels and front and rear spoilers.<ref name="AV24.6">{{cite journal |journal = Autovisie |date = 1979-03-24 |volume = 24 |number = 6 |publisher = Misset |location = Amersfoort, Netherlands |language = nl |title = Rijden met Saab Turbo 2 |trans-title = A ride in the Saab Turbo 2 |last = van Keempen |first = Ric |page = 18 }}</ref> The 99 Turbo repositioned Saab in the car market and it came to be regarded as an iconic and technologically significant model of its era. By early 1979, over 10,000 turbo-engined Saabs had already been built, as Saab successfully entered a new market segment.<ref name="AV24.6"/> Other news for 1978 included the availability of a sunroof, and the EMS became a three-door combi coupé in some markets.

In 1979 the combi coupé option was discontinued for the 99, as the new [[Saab 900]] was only available in this bodystyle. The 99 Turbo changed over to the two-door saloon bodywork although only a small number were built. The rear axle was altered, the fuel tank changed to a plastic one, new wheels were fitted, and four-door models received new bumpers similar to those of the 900. These bumpers were also installed on two-doors beginning with the 1980 model year.<ref name="AB80">{{citation |title = Alla Bilar -80 |trans-title = All Cars 1980 |editor-last = Björklund |editor-first = Stig |publisher = Specialtidningsförlaget AB |location = Stockholm, Sweden |language = sv |isbn = 91-7274-093-0 |page = 103 }}</ref> In 1980 the 99 was also given the new and safer seats from the Saab 900, as well as low-mounted protective strips along the sides.<ref name=Keesings79>{{cite magazine |title = Nieuw 1980 |trans-title=1980 News |language=nl-be |magazine=Keesings Auto Magazine |location = Antwerp, Belgium |date = 1979-09-15 |volume = 2 |number = 17 |page = 6 |editor-last = Rombauts |editor-first = Walter }}</ref> The [[Spare tire|spare wheel]] was changed to an emergency unit. The carpeting, which had been changed to rubber a few years earlier, went back to textile. In the Swedish market the twin-carb version made a return for a single year, sold as the 99 Super and only available with four doors and an automatic transmission.<ref name="AB80"/>

In 1981 the twin-carb Super was discontinued, although the 99 did gain a new engine option in its stead: the 99 GL with {{convert|100|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}} was joined by the 99 GLi with {{convert|118|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on}}, both with four-speed manual transmissions. The GLi was a bit more luxurious and had power side mirrors. It was only sold in Northern Europe and only around 1600 were built. All 99s received a new rear seat, velour upholstery, new rear mirrors, a new steering wheel, and the 900's front axle.<ref name="TV8745"/>

In 1982 came the H engine, built by [[Scania AB|Scania]] at [[Södertälje]], making it possible for all cars to run on [[octane rating|93 octane]] [[gasoline]]. The two- and four-door 99&nbsp;GLs were now available with a five-speed manual transmission. The window surround trim was blacked out and the wheels were new.

In 1983 a number of smaller technical and cosmetic changes were made, including a new grille similar to that of the 900 and blacked out B-pillars on two-door models.<ref name=TV188219>{{cite magazine |title = Tortyrbromsar |trans-title = Tortured brakes |ref = TVn18 |language = sv |magazine = [[Teknikens Värld]] |publisher = Specialtidningsförlaget AB |location = Stockholm, Sweden |page = 19 |date = 1982-08-25 |issue = 18 |volume = 34 |first = Inge |last = Alnaeus }}</ref> Brake pads were now [[Asbestos|asbestos-free]]. Five-speed-equipped 99s received low-resistance tires, which sit on wider 5½-inch rims, requiring moving the rear axle.<ref name=TV188219/> Some further minor changes took place for 1984, including [[Ignition system|electronic ignition]], lowered seats, and a more upright steering wheel. Five-speed cars also received interval wipers. This was to be the final year for the 99. It was replaced by the [[Saab 90]] and the Saab 900.

A total of 588,643 were made; this total rises to 614,003 if Saab 90 production is included.<ref name="TV8745"/>

== WRC victories ==
:{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%; "
! No.
! Event
! Season
! Driver
! Co-driver
! Car
|-
| 1
| {{Flagicon|Sweden}} [[Rally Sweden|27th International Swedish Rally]]
| [[1977 World Rally Championship season|1977]]
| {{Flagicon|SWE}} [[Stig Blomqvist]]
| {{Flagicon|SWE}} [[Hans Sylván]]
| Saab 99 EMS
|-
| 2
| {{Flagicon|Sweden}} [[Rally Sweden|29th International Swedish Rally]]
| [[1979 World Rally Championship season|1979]]
| {{Flagicon|SWE}} [[Stig Blomqvist]]
| {{Flagicon|SWE}} [[Björn Cederberg]]
| Saab 99 Turbo
|-
|}

==Production==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width:8em"  | Year
! style="width:10em" | Production
! style="width:8em"  | Year
! style="width:10em" | Production
|-
| 1967
| 25
| 1976
| 72,819
|-
| 1968
| 4190
| 1977
| 60,316
|-
| 1969
| 19,411
| 1978
| 45,851
|-
| 1970
| 29,755
| 1979
| 22,443
|-
| 1971
| 35,136
| 1980
| 17,108
|-
| 1972
| 45,001
| 1981
| 13,381
|-
| 1973
| 52,065
| 1982
| 20,006
|-
| 1974
| 62,637
| 1983
| 17,187
|-
| 1975
| 64,167
| 1984
| 7,145
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}
* {{imcdb vehicle|make=SAAB|model=99|SAAB 99}}

{{Saab early timeline}}
{{Saab automobiles}}

{{Saab Automobile}}

[[Category:Front-wheel-drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Saab vehicles|99]]
[[Category:Compact executive cars]]
[[Category:Coupés]]
[[Category:Hatchbacks]]
[[Category:Sports sedans]]
[[Category:1970s cars]]
[[Category:1980s cars]]
[[Category:Cars introduced in 1967]]
[[Category:Rally cars]]
[[Category:Group 4 (racing) cars]]
[[Category:Cars discontinued in 1984]]
[[Category:Cars of Finland]]