View source for Sant'Anna di Stazzema

{{Infobox frazione
| name                  = Sant'Anna
| native_name           =
| image_skyline         = Ruins of Sant'Anna di Stazzema (2008).jpg
| image_caption         = Ruins of the village in 2008
| coordinates           = {{coord|43|58|27|N|10|16|25|E|type:city_region:IT-52|display=inline,title}}
| region                = {{flag|Tuscany}}
| province              = [[Province of Lucca|Lucca]] (LU)
| comune                = [[Stazzema]]
| elevation_footnotes   =
| elevation_m           = 660
| area_footnotes        =
| area_total_km2        =
| population_footnotes  = <ref name=comstazzema>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.comune.stazzema.lu.it/installazioni/stazzema/allegati/pagine/93/3%20-%20Valutazione%20Integrata_Relazione%20di%20Sintesi.pdf Infos about the hamlets of Stazzema (municipal website)]</ref>
| population_total      = 27
| population_as_of      = 2014
| pop_density_footnotes =
| gentilic              = 
| saint                 = St. Anne
| day                   = 
| postal_code           = 55040
| area_code             = (+39) 0584
| website               = {{official website|http://www.santannadistazzema.org}}
| footnotes             =
}}

'''Sant'Anna di Stazzema''', officially '''Sant'Anna''', is a village in [[Tuscany]], [[Italy]]. Administratively, it is a ''[[frazione]]'' of the ''[[comune]]'' of [[Stazzema]], in the [[province of Lucca]].<ref name=comstazzema/><ref>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.comune.stazzema.lu.it/installazioni/stazzema/allegati/statuto/50/Statuto%20Comune%20di%20Stazzema.pdf Municipal Statute of Stazzema] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227222158/http://www.comune.stazzema.lu.it/installazioni/stazzema/allegati/statuto/50/Statuto%20Comune%20di%20Stazzema.pdf |date=2014-02-27 }}</ref>

==History==
{{see also|Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre}}
In 1944, it was the site of [[Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre|a notorious Nazi crime against humanity]] committed by a part of German [[16th SS Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS]] during [[World War II]]. In the morning of 12 August, about 560  villagers and refugees (including 130 children) were murdered and their bodies burnt in a [[scorched earth]] policy action.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/18/international/europe/18TUSC.html Italian Town, Lost in History, Now Fears Memories of Nazis], ''[[The New York Times]]'', April 18, 2004.</ref> After the war, the village was only partially rebuilt.

The massacre gained notoriety from 1994. During an investigation of the military attorney Antonino Intelisano, 695 files about [[war crime]]s in Italy during World War II were found in a wooden cabinet, known as the [[Armadio della vergogna|''Armadio della vergogna'' (armoire of shame)]], located in a palace of [[Rome]].<ref>[http://www.santannadistazzema.org/sezioni/la%20memoria/pagine.asp?idn=1041 The ''armoire of shame'' on Sant'Anna website]</ref>

Since 2000, it has been the site of the '''Italian National Park of Peace''' (''Parco Nazionale della Pace'') with memorials and a museum dedicated to the massacre.<ref>[http://www.santannadistazzema.org/sezioni/The%20Museum The Historical Museum of Resistance of Sant’Anna di Stazzema]</ref>

==Geography==
Located in the [[Apuan Alps]], Sant'Anna is a mountain village that is 12&nbsp;km far from [[Pietrasanta]] and 16 from its Marina, on the [[Mediterranean Sea]]; 18&nbsp;km from [[Viareggio]], 24 from [[Massa, Tuscany|Massa]] and 37 from [[Carrara]]. The nearest train station is that of [[Pietrasanta]] on the [[Pisa–La Spezia–Genoa railway|Pisa-Genoa line]] and the nearest motorway exit is "Viareggio-[[Camaiore]]" on the [[Autostrada A12 (Italy)|A12]].<ref>{{Google maps|url=https://www.google.co.uk/maps/place/55040+Sant%27Anna+di+Stazzema,+Lucca,+Italy/@43.9746874,10.27319,18z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x12d574d63d486011:0xd0da522b0fcf6ec9|title=Sant'Anna di Stazzema}}</ref>

==Gallery==
{{Gallery
|title=
|width=230 | height=160 |align=center
|footer=
|File:Santanna mahnmal.JPG|[[Ossuary]] and monument to the victims of the massacre
|File:Sant anna kriegerdenkmal-1915-1918 kirche.jpg|Village church
}}

==Popular culture==
The massacre inspired the novel ''[[Miracle at St. Anna]]'' by [[James McBride (writer)|James McBride]], and [[Spike Lee]]'s film (2008) of the same title that was based on it.<ref>[http://italian-mysteries.com/JMB01.html " James McBride - Miracle at St. Anna" (italian-mysteries.com)]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Retignano]]
*[[Volegno]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Sant'Anna di Stazzema}}
*{{in lang|it}} [http://www.santannadistazzema.org/pagine.asp?idn=1107 Sant'Anna official website]
*{{in lang|it}} [http://www.vittimeinnocenti.altervista.org/ Website about Sant'Anna massacre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330040859/https://vittimeinnocenti.altervista.org/ |date=2022-03-30 }}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sant'anna Di Stazzema}}
[[Category:Frazioni of the Province of Lucca]]
[[Category:Ghost towns in Italy]]
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[[Category:History museums in Italy]]
[[Category:Museums established in 2000]]
[[Category:Peace museums]]
[[Category:World War II museums in Italy]]