View source for Screamo

{{Short description|Aggressive subgenre of emo}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = Screamo
| other_names       = Skramz
| image             = Orchid - Stierch.jpg
| caption           = [[Orchid (hardcore punk band)|Orchid]] performing in 2000
| image_size        = 
| stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[Emo]]|[[hardcore punk]]|[[post-hardcore]]}}
| cultural_origins  = Early 1990s, [[San Diego, California]], U.S.
| subgenres         = {{hlist|[[#Pop screamo|Pop screamo]]|[[#Sass|sass]]|}}
| fusiongenres      = {{hlist|[[Emoviolence]]|[[#Post-screamo|post-screamo]]}}
| regional_scenes   = {{hlist|[[Music of New Jersey#Punk and alternative|New Jersey]]|[[Canadian hardcore punk#Other Ontario cities|Southern Ontario]]}}
| local_scenes      = [[Music of California#Hardcore punk and metalcore|San Diego]]
| other_topics      = * [[List of screamo bands|Bands]]
* [[screaming (music)]]
* [[metalcore]]
* [[Risecore]]
}}
'''Screamo''' (also referred to as '''skramz'''<ref name="MetalSucks-2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2010/06/07/the-history-of-metalcorescreamo/ |title=The History of Metalcore/Screamo |publisher=MetalSucks |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=January 18, 2018 |archive-date=June 10, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610213118/http://www.metalsucks.net/2010/06/07/the-history-of-metalcorescreamo/ |url-status=live }}</ref>) <!---please do not remove this sourced term without explanation-->is a subgenre of [[emo]] that emerged in the early 1990s and emphasizes "willfully [[experimental music|experimental]] [[Dissonance (music)|dissonance]] and dynamics".<ref name="Heller">Jason Heller, "[http://www.westword.com/2002-06-20/music/feast-of-reason/print Feast of Reason]". ''Denver Westword'', June 20, 2002. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331231921/http://www.westword.com/2002-06-20/music/feast-of-reason/print|date=March 31, 2012}} Access date: June 15, 2008</ref> [[San Diego]]–based bands [[Heroin (band)|Heroin]] and [[Antioch Arrow]] pioneered the genre in the early 1990s, and it was developed in the late 1990s mainly by bands from the [[East Coast of the United States]] such as [[Pg. 99]], [[Orchid (hardcore punk band)|Orchid]], [[Saetia]], and [[I Hate Myself (band)|I Hate Myself]]. Screamo is strongly influenced by [[hardcore punk]] and characterized by the use of [[screaming (music)|screamed vocals]].<ref name="ScreamoAM">{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/screamo-d13459|title=Explore style: Screamo|date=2010|publisher=AllMusic|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101017103638/http://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/screamo-d13459|archive-date=October 17, 2010|access-date=January 12, 2015}}</ref> Lyrical themes usually include [[Psychological pain|emotional pain]], [[death]], [[Romance (love)|romance]], and [[human rights]].<ref name="Jimd">Jim DeRogatis, "[http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm Screamo]", ''Guitar World'', November 2002 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613222328/http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm|date=June 13, 2023}} Access date: July 18, 2008</ref> The term "screamo" has frequently been mistaken as referring to any [[Screaming (music)|music with screaming]].<ref name="ScreamoAM" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://emertainmentmonthly.org/2014/10/09/six-bands-bringing-respect-back-screamo-vocals/|title=Six Bands Bringing Respect Back to 'Screamo' Vocals|last=Morgan|first=Phillip|date=October 9, 2014|work=<!--- This is how it is spelled. Do NOT change it to "Entertainment Monthly"! --->Emertainment Monthly|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319080400/http://emertainmentmonthly.com/2014/10/09/six-bands-bringing-respect-back-screamo-vocals/|archive-date=March 19, 2015}}</ref>

==Characteristics==
{{listen
| filename     = Bang_Yer_Head.ogg
| title        = "Bang Yer Head" by Portraits of Past
| description  = An example of early screamo by [[Portraits of Past]], an influential band which helped define the genre.<ref>Telang, Veethi. ''Buzzle: Intelligent Life on the Web''. {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110402042111/http://www.buzzle.com/articles/good-screamo-songs.html "Good Screamo Songs"]}}.</ref>
| filename2    = Thursday_Cross_Out_The_Eyes.ogg
| title2       = "Cross Out the Eyes" by Thursday
| description2 = An example of screamo's influence on mainstream music, popularized by [[Thursday (band)|Thursday]] in the early 2000s.<ref name="ScreamoAM"/>
| filename3    = Loma_Prieta_-_Fly_By_Night.ogg
| title3       = "Fly by Night" by Loma Prieta
| description3 = An example of contemporary screamo by [[Loma Prieta (band)|Loma Prieta]], featuring harsh vocals, stylistic transitions, and emotional lyrics.
}}
 <!--- DO NOT remove the 3 sound files demonstrating various eras of screamo and screamo-influenced music. There are references in the body supporting each. --->

Screamo is a style of hardcore punk-influenced emo with screaming.<ref name="ScreamoAM" /> Alex Henderson of [[AllMusic]] considers screamo a bridge between hardcore punk and emo, and Andrew Sacher of [[BrooklynVegan]] states the genre is "built on chaos."<ref>{{cite web |last=Henderson |first=Alex |title=Let It Enfold You - Senses Fail |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/r793934 |access-date=December 15, 2011 |publisher=AllMusic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sacher |first=Andrew |title=15 Best Emo & Post-Hardcore Albums of 2004 |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/15-best-emo-post-hardcore-albums-of-2004/ |access-date=2025-04-18 |website=BrooklynVegan |language=en-US}}</ref> The term screamo is a [[portmanteau]] of the words "scream" and "emo". Screamo uses typical rock instrumentation, but is notable for its brief compositions, chaotic sounds, harmonized guitars, and screaming vocals.<ref name="SanDiegoReader">{{cite news |last=Keltz |first=Dryw |date=November 22, 2006 |title=Screamo, San Diego's Baby |url=http://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2006/nov/22/screamo-san-diegos-baby/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402181628/http://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2006/nov/22/screamo-san-diegos-baby/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |access-date=February 1, 2015 |work=San Diego Reader}}</ref> Screamo is characterized "by frequent shifts in tempo and dynamics and by tension-and-release catharses."<ref name="JohnNYT" /> Many screamo bands also incorporate ballads.<ref name="SanDiegoReader" /> According to [[AllMusic]], screamo is "generally based in the aggressive side of the overarching punk-revival scene."<ref name="ScreamoAM" /> Screamed vocals are used "not consistently, but as a kind of crescendo element, a sonic weapon to be trotted out when the music and lyrics reach a particular emotional pitch."<ref name="JohnNYT" /> Emotional singing and harsh screaming are common vocals in screamo.<ref name="ScreamoAM" />

[[File:Off_Minor_(1).jpg|thumb|left|190px|Screamo band [[Off Minor]] performing, June 2008]]

Screamo lyrics often feature topics such as emotional pain, breakups, romantic interest, politics, and human rights.<ref name="Jimd" /><ref>{{cite news |last=Chandler |first=Michael Alison |date=April 13, 2006 |title=Angst Amplified in Songs |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/04/12/AR2006041202059.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> These lyrics are usually introspective, similar to that of softer emo bands.<ref name="ScreamoAM" /> ''[[The New York Times]]'' noted that "part of the music's appeal is its un-self-conscious acceptance of differences, respect for otherness." Some screamo bands openly demonstrate acceptance of religious, nonreligious, and [[straight edge]] lifestyles.<ref name="JohnNYT" />

Many screamo bands in the 1990s saw themselves as implicitly political, and as a reaction against the turn to the [[right wing|right]] embodied by California politicians, such as [[Roger Hedgecock]].<ref>Interview with Justin Pearson on Skatepunk.net, [http://www.skatepunk.net/articles/jpiview.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628053100/http://www.skatepunk.net/articles/jpiview.html|date=June 28, 2008}} Access date: June 13, 2008</ref> Some groups were also unusually theoretical in inspiration: Angel Hair cited [[surrealist]] writers [[Antonin Artaud]] and [[Georges Bataille]],<ref name="Heller" /> and [[Orchid (screamo band)|Orchid]] lyrically name-checked [[French new wave]] icon [[Anna Karina]], German philosopher [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], French philosopher [[Michel Foucault]], and [[critical theory]] originators [[the Frankfurt School]].<ref>Orchid, ''Dance Tonight, Revolution Tomorrow''. ''Allmusic Guide''. [{{AllMusic|class=album|id=r615293|pure_url=yes}}] Access date: June 17, 2008.</ref>

==Etymology==
While the genre was developing in the early 1990s, it was not initially called "screamo."<ref>Ebullition Catalog, Portraits of Past discography. [http://www.ebullition.com/catalog32.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710165444/http://www.ebullition.com/catalog32.html|date=July 10, 2011}} Access date: August 9, 2008.</ref> Chris Taylor, lead vocalist for the band [[Pg. 99]], said "we never liked that whole screamo thing. Even during our existence, we tried to venture away from the fashion and tell people, 'Hey, this is [[Punk rock|punk]].{{' "}}<ref name="NPRorg">Lars Gotrich, [https://www.npr.org/blogs/allsongs/2011/08/16/139675216/pg-99-a-document-revisited ''Pg. 99: A Document Revisited''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150424140029/http://www.npr.org/blogs/allsongs/2011/08/16/139675216/pg-99-a-document-revisited |date=April 24, 2015 }}: [[NPR Music]] Interview</ref> Jonathan Dee of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote that the term "tends to bring a scornful laugh from the bands themselves."<ref name="JohnNYT">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/29/magazine/the-summer-of-screamo.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all|title=The Summer of Screamo|last=Dee|first=Jonathan|date=June 29, 2003|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=September 11, 2010|archive-date=June 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613222328/https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/29/magazine/the-summer-of-screamo.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 2000s, the term "screamo" began being used loosely to describe any use of human vocal instrument growled-word vocals (commonly termed [[screaming (music)|screamed vocals]]) in music.<ref name="ScreamoAM" /> It has been applied to a wide variety of genres unrelated to the original screamo scene.<ref name="Screamo">{{cite web|url=http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm|title=Screamo|publisher=Jimdero.com|access-date=December 15, 2011|archive-date=June 13, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613222328/http://www.jimdero.com/OtherWritings/OtherScreamoGW.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Juan Gabe, vocalist for the band [[Comadre (band)|Comadre]], alleged that the term "has been kind of tainted in a way, especially in the States."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://yellowisthenewpink.com/articles_detail.php?idno=21|title=Comadre - hc/punk/screamo from redwood city/california|date=April 18, 2007|website=Yellow is the New Pink|access-date=August 2, 2008|archive-date=August 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810091259/http://yellowisthenewpink.com/articles_detail.php?idno=21|url-status=live}}</ref> Derek Miller, guitarist for the band [[Poison the Well (band)|Poison the Well]], noted the term's constant differing usages and jokingly stated that it "describes a thousand different genres."<ref name="Screamo" /> [[Bert McCracken]], lead singer of [[the Used]], stated that screamo is merely a term "for record companies to sell records and for record stores to categorize them."<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Greenwald|first=Andy|date=November 21, 2003|title=Screamo 101|url=https://ew.com/article/2003/11/21/screamo-101/|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|issue=738|access-date=August 2, 2008|archive-date=November 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111042806/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,543090,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Quinn Villarreal of ''[[Sirius XM]]'' observed, "If a song had singing AND screaming in it, your grandmother and/or school bully probably called it screamo."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Villarreal |first=Quinn |title=Emo Through the Years: Explore the Ever-Evolving Genre |url=https://www.siriusxm.com/blog/emo-day-genre-evolution |access-date=2025-05-01 |website=SiriusXM |language=en}}</ref>

Lars Gotrich of [[NPR Music]] made the following comment on the matter in 2011:<ref name="NPRorg" />
{{cquote
|The screamo scene [has] change[d] a lot in the last 10 years. There used to be more creative bands like [[Circle Takes the Square]] and [[City of Caterpillar]]. And then it took this route where screamo got really streamlined and unrecognizable to the point where someone hilariously invented the term ''skramz'' to distinguish the first wave of screamo bands.}}

==History==
===Origins (1990s)===
{{see also|Emo#Screamo}}
[[File: Live-pg.99.jpg|thumb|Screamo band [[Pg. 99]] performing in Reading, Pennsylvania]]
Around 1990 and 1991, a number of bands began pushing the sound of early [[emo]] into more extreme and chaotic territory. The earliest of these acts were [[New Jersey]]'s Iconoclast and Merel, however the most influential acts were those from [[San Diego]] and signed to [[Gravity Records]].<ref name="Sfetcu-2006">{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=The Music Sound |date=2006 |quote=Hardcore Emo is a style of music that existed primarily in the early-mid 90s, also known as "chaotic emo". Many Hardcore Emo bands are often misinterpreted as Emo Violence bands. The first hints of the sound began with bands like "Merel" and "Iconoclast" on the East Coast, but it is considered to have primary started in 1991 by the San Diego band Heroin. The sound is most associated with that and other bands on Gravity Records at the time. Hardcore Emo took the emo sound of bands like Indian Summer, Embassy, Current, Still Life, etc. and made it faster and much more chaotic. Some later bands that followed include Antioch Arrow, Mohinder, Portraits of Past, Swing Kids, Honeywell, Angel Hair, Assfactor 4, Palatka and John Henry West.}}</ref> In particular, [[Heroin (band)|Heroin]] are the band generally cited as either pioneering screamo or being the band that inspired the earliest acts in the genre,<ref name="Sfetcu-2006" /><ref>{{cite web |title=10 Essential Screamo Albums |date=February 20, 2014 |url=https://www.treblezine.com/10-best-screamo-albums/ |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="Sacher-2020">{{cite web |last1=Sacher |first1=Andrew |title=25 essential screamo albums from the '90s/'00s that still hold up today |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/25-essential-screamo-albums-from-the-90s00s-that-still-hold-up-today/ |website=[[Brooklyn Vegan]] |date=April 17, 2020 |access-date=30 October 2023 |archive-date=November 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106204008/https://www.brooklynvegan.com/25-essential-screamo-albums-from-the-90s00s-that-still-hold-up-today/ |url-status=live }}</ref> with other notable bands from the city, including Angel Hair, [[Antioch Arrow]] and [[Swing Kids (band)|Swing Kids]].<ref name="Sacher-2020" /> These early San Diego screamo bands were sometimes called "spock rock" by fans due to many of them dyeing their hair black and cutting straight fringes similar to the ''[[Star Trek]]'' character [[Spock]]. This, in combination with their [[geek-chic]] style of dressing would prove particularly influential on the development of the subsequent [[emo subculture|emo]] and [[scene subculture]]s.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stewart |first1=Ethan |title=FROM HARDCORE TO HARAJUKU: THE ORIGINS OF SCENE SUBCULTURE |url=https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |website=[[PopMatters]] |date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525180042/https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |url-status=live }}</ref>

In New Jersey, the genre continued to grow, soon expanding into New York City. [[Native Nod]], [[Rye Coalition]], [[1.6 Band]], and [[Rorschach (band)|Rorschach]] all became prominent in this scene, which was centred around [[ABC No Rio]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=American Music |date=9 May 2014 |page=340 |quote=At the same time, in the New York/New Jersey area, bands such as Native Nod, Merel, 1.6 Band, Policy of 3, Rye Coalition and Rorschach were feeling the same impulse. Many of these bands were involved with the ABC No Rio club scene in New York, itself a response to the violence and stagnation in the scene and with the bands that played at CBGBs, the only other small venue for hardcore in New York at the time. Much of this wave of emo, particularly the San Diego scene, began to shift towards a more chaotic and aggressive form of emo, nicknamed screamo.}}</ref> while the sound expanded to elsewhere in the United States with [[Universal Order of Armageddon]] (from [[Baltimore]]) and [[Mohinder (band)|Mohinder]] (from [[Cupertino, California]]).<ref name="Sftecu, screamo">{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=The Music Sound |date=2006 |quote=Screamo History: In California in the early 1990s, Gravity Records from San Diego released many defining records of this style. Significant Emo bands from this time include Heroin, Angel Hair, Antioch Arrow, Universal Order of Armageddon Swing Kids, and Mohinder. In the New York/New Jersey era, bands such as Native Nod, Merel, 1.6 Band, Rye Coalition and Rorschach were feeling the same impulse. The labels Gern Blandsten Records and Troubleman Records released many of the influential records from that region and era. Many of these bands were involved with the ABC No Rio club scene in New York, itself a response to the violence and stagnation in the scene and with the bands that played at CBGBS, the only other small venue for hardcore in New York at the time.}}</ref> In San Francisco, [[Portraits of Past]] were one of the earliest groups to merge the primitive screamo sound with [[post-rock]], a combination that [[Funeral Diner]] would then continue, while also embracing the influence of [[black metal]].<ref name="Sacher-2020" />

At the same time, many bands in the southern United States began pushing the early screamo sound even further sonically. [[Columbia, South Carolina]] band In/Humanity coined the term "emoviolence" to describe this sound, played by them, as well as Florida bands Palatka and the End of the Century Party. When coined, the term was a tongue in cheek portmanteau of "emo" and "[[powerviolence]]", two genre descriptions the members of In/Humanity maligned, as well as a reference to the album ''[[Emotional Violence]]'' by funk band [[Cameo (band)|Cameo]], however as subsequent bands took influence from the sound of these groups, the term became increasingly widespread.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sfetcu |first1=Nicolae |title=The Music Sound |date=2006 |quote=Emo Violence or "Emoviolence", also related to screamo and Hardcore Emo, is a subgenre of music that evolved from Hardcore in the early 1990s, primarily in the Southeast of the United States - Florida in particular, (this can be seen on the Southeast Hardcore, Fuck Yeah!! compilation). This form of music uses vocals pushed past the point of normal sound by yelling and screaming, with occasional spoken words or singing. Emo Violence is often poorly recorded to give it a foggy, low-fidelity sound. Although just as loud as Grindcore, it ends up being much less technical and dark sounding than Napalm Death or as crunchy and angular as Pig Destroyer.<br>Emo Violence is the direct link from Emo to Screamo through reprocessing of influences. The term was originally coined by the group In/Humanity as a joke in reference to their own band and friend's bands Palatka and End of the Century Party. The tongue-in-cheek genre descriptor was a play on other meaningless genre descriptors of the time: (namely emo and powerviolence). In/Humanity claims that the phrase actually comes from the song "Emotional Violence" by the funk group Cameo...<br>The term Emo Violence was originally created by the band In/Humanity as a joke. Chris Bickel, the band's front man, took the name from the Cameo album "Emotional Violence", the usage itself an ironically joking play on the term power violence, as used to describe bands like Infest, Man Is The Bastard and Spazz. The term then began to be used to refer to other bands in the southeast that played a similar style such as Palatka and End of the Century Party (whose split 7" is perhaps the quintessential emo violence record). Although the term became more commonplace in the underground hardcore scene, it was always seen as a tongue-in-cheek description, but was used by bands who wanted to separate themselves from emotive hardcore and hated the term "screamo." Bands who play emo violence today (in the EOTCP/Palatka sense of the genre) are few and far between - Those who claim the genre usually have little similarity to its founding fathers.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Walker |first1=Matt |title=Gainesville Punk A History of Bands & Music |date=2016 |publisher=History Press |page=98 |quote=Between booking shows, touring and recording, Palatka quickly found a kinship in bands like The End of the Century Party and South Carolina's In/Humanity. A subgenre name even sprung up around Palatka and their peers: emoviolence. The term was a joke that originated with In/Humanity, based on the rampant naming of punk subgenres of the time; it combined the increasingly maligned "emo" descriptor with the similarly mocked "powerviolence." Although it was meant as a joke, the term lingered and remains associated with those bands.}}</ref>

During the 1990s, [[Southern Ontario]], Canada developed a populace and diverse hardcore scene. One element of this scene was bands who played music inspired by screamo, the most prominent of which were [[Grade (band)|Grade]], New Day Rising and [[Shotmaker (band)|Shotmaker]], and based around the annual [[S.C.E.N.E. Music Festival]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=GORMELY |first1=IAN |title=Inside the Career of Alexisonfire, Canada's Greatest, Least Likely Success Story |url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/inside_the_career_of_alexisonfire_canadas_greatest_least_likely_success_story |website=[[Exclaim!]] |access-date=20 October 2025}}</ref> Grade had begun their career playing a style indebted to [[Chokehold (band)|Chokehold]]. However, by the time of their debut album ''[[And Such Is Progress]]'' (1995), they had departed into a style more informed by [[Indian Summer (American band)|Indian Summer]], Rye Coalition and Lincoln. With this change, vocalist Kyle Bishop began contrasting his screams with sung vocals inspired by [[James Brown]], [[Black Francis]] and [[Bob Mould]].<ref name="Noecho">{{cite web |last1=Ramirez |first1=Carlos |title=Kyle Bishop (Grade, Acrid, The Black Maria, The Swarm) |url=https://www.noecho.net/interviews/kyle-bishop-grade-acrid-the-black-maria-the-swarm |access-date=20 October 2025}}</ref> This fusion was widely influential.<ref name="Noecho" /> Writers, including David Marchese of ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]'' and Michael Barclay, have credited Grade with creating screamo.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Marchese |first1=David |title=Album of the Year: Fucked Up - David Comes to Life |journal=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]] |date=Jan-Feb 2012 |page=69 |quote=Grade from little Burlington, Ontario, were the first ones to do screamo. That caused a seismic shift in music. Nobody knows who Grade is.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Barclay |first1=Michael |title=Hearts on Fire Six Years that Changed Canadian Music 2000-2005 |date=April 26, 2022 |publisher=[[ECW Press]] |page=427 |quote=Grade, a band credited with taking the emo genre of aggressive music and transforming it into screamo}}</ref> While journalist Sam Southerland credited them as the first band to "seamlessly" merge screaming and singing, also stating "They occupy the same space as Refused: they did something incredibly innovative... they either get no credit because their progeny is hideous, or they’re dismissed because serious music journalists don’t pontificate about bands Alternative Press covered."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barclay |first1=Michael |title=Hearts on Fire Six Years that Changed Canadian Music 2000-2005 |date=April 26, 2022 |publisher=[[ECW Press]] |page=427 |quote=They occupy the same space as Refused: they did something incredibly innovative, and unfortunately almost everyone who followed in their footsteps sucks absolute shit. So they either get no credit because their progeny is hideous, or they’re dismissed because serious music journalists don’t pontificate about bands Alternative Press covered. But there really was no one doing the seamless integration of the screaming and singing that Grade did on [1997’s] Separate the Magnets and totally perfected on [1999’s] Under the Radar. }}</ref>

Towards the end of the 1990s and into the 2000s, [[Virginia]] developed a large and influential screamo scene: [[Pg. 99]], who continued in the extreme and chaotic screamo sound; [[City of Caterpillar]], who were one of the most influential early bands to merge screamo with post-rock; [[Majority Rule (band)|Majority Rule]] who merged the genre with [[metalcore]]; and Malady who merged post-inflected screamo with [[indie rock]]. All of which released albums which ''[[BrooklynVegan]]'' writer Andrew Sacher called essential albums in the genre.<ref name="Sacher-2020" /> One of the most influential bands to come from the New York City screamo scene was [[Saetia]], who formed in 1997 and created a sound influenced by [[math rock]], [[jazz]] and [[Midwest emo]]. Following Saetia's 1999 disbandment, its members formed the similarly influential bands [[Off Minor (band)|Off Minor]] and [[Hot Cross]]. Other impactful groups in the genre at this time included [[Jeromes Dream]], [[Neil Perry (band)|Neil Perry]], [[I Hate Myself (band)|I Hate Myself]], [[Reversal of Man]], [[Yaphet Kotto (band)|Yaphet Kotto]] and [[Orchid (hardcore punk band)|Orchid]].<ref name="Sacher-2020" />

===Mainstream crossover (2000s)===
Following the release of their 2001 album ''[[Full Collapse]]'', New Jersey's [[Thursday (band)|Thursday]] were the first screamo–influenced band to gain significant media attention.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cohen |first1=Ian |last2=Anthony |first2=David |last3=Corcoran |first3=Nina |last4=Garland |first4=Emma |last5=Nelson |first5=Brad |title=The 100 Greatest Emo Songs of All Time A sweeping look at rock's most misunderstood genre. |url=https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html |website=[[Vulture (website)|Vulture]] |date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213181251/https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The following year, saw the release of Canada's [[Alexisonfire]]'s [[Alexisonfire (album)|self-titled album]], which ''[[Metal Hammer]]'' writer Matt Mills called "key in legitimising the screamo sound".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mills |first1=Matt |title=Every Alexisonfire album ranked from worst to best |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/every-alexisonfire-album-ranked-from-worst-to-best |website=[[Metal Hammer]] |date=June 27, 2023 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=October 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031230249/https://www.loudersound.com/features/every-alexisonfire-album-ranked-from-worst-to-best |url-status=live }}</ref> In the following years, [[the Used]], [[Thrice]], [[Finch (American band)|Finch]] and [[Silverstein (band)|Silverstein]] all gained significant attention for furthering this sound.<ref name="ScreamoAM" /><ref name="JohnNYT"/> In contrast to the do-it-yourself screamo bands of the 1990s, screamo bands such as Thursday and the Used signed multi-album contracts with labels such as [[Island Def Jam]] and [[Reprise Records]].<ref>Greenwald, p. 149.</ref> However, this style's connection to the genre has been disputed, with some referring to it as "''[[MTV]]'' screamo"<ref name="MetalSucks-2010" /> or "pop-screamo".<ref name="Altpress-2015">{{cite web |date=October 13, 2015 |title=10 Defunct Pop-Screamo Bands You Totally Missed The Boat On - Features - Alternative Press |url=https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_defunct_pop_screamo_bands_you_totally_missed_the_boat_on |access-date=January 18, 2018 |publisher=Altpress.com |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107061344/https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_defunct_pop_screamo_bands_you_totally_missed_the_boat_on |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In the underground screamo scene, post-rock became an increasingly prominent influence amongst bands. The most prominent and influential of these acts was Richmond, Virginia's [[City of Caterpillar]],<ref name="Sacher-2020" /> who ''[[Vice Media|Vice]]'' writer Jason Heller stated "encompass [the] era".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/city-of-caterpillar-retrospective/|title=Ambient Apocalypse: How City of Caterpillar Encompassed an Era|website=Noisey|date=May 20, 2016|language=en-us|access-date=July 18, 2017|archive-date=January 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118181226/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/r7py5q/city-of-caterpillar-retrospective|url-status=live}}</ref> Music critics coined the term "post-screamo" to refer to this sound.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ECsEAAAAMBAJ|title=CMJ New Music Monthly|journal=CMJ New Music|date=2004|publisher=CMJ Network, Inc.|language=en|issn=1074-6978}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.gazettextra.com/20170126/the_get_down_touche_amore_radiator_hospital_curse_words_bummer_jams|title=The Get Down: Touche Amore, Radiator Hospital, Curse Words, bummer jams|last=Ward|first=Xavier|date=January 26, 2017|access-date=July 17, 2017|archive-date=February 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203181744/http://www.gazettextra.com/20170126/the_get_down_touche_amore_radiator_hospital_curse_words_bummer_jams|url-status=dead}}</ref> Other prominent acts making this sound at the time included [[Circle Takes the Square]], [[Raein]], [[Envy (band)|Envy]] and [[Daïtro]].<ref name="Sacher-2020" /> [[Fluff Fest]], held in Czechia since 2000, was in 2017 described by [[Bandcamp|Bandcamp Daily]]  as a "summer ritual" for many fans of screamo in Europe.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://daily.bandcamp.com/2017/09/20/czech-diy-list/|title=The Sincere and Vibrant World of the Czech DIY Scene|publisher=Bandcamp|first=Jacopo|last=Sanna|date=September 20, 2017|access-date=October 7, 2017|archive-date=March 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312223729/https://daily.bandcamp.com/2017/09/20/czech-diy-list/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In Spain, bands such as Hongo, Das Plague, Ekkaia, Madame Germen and Blünt merged [[crust punk]] with elements of screamo, such as melodic minor key guitar leads, slow segues and acoustic passages. At the time, this fusion was called "emo crust". By 2002, Ekkaia and had toured with the American crust punk band [[Tragedy (band)|Tragedy]], and subsequently adopted elements of each other's styles creating the [[neo-crust]] genre.<ref name="Neocrust DIY">{{cite web |title=Neocrust |url=https://diyconspiracy.net/terms/neo-crust/ |access-date=30 December 2024}}</ref>

=== Revival (2010s) ===
{{See also|Emo revival}}
In the early 2010s the term "screamo" began to be largely reclaimed by a new crop of do-it-yourself bands, with many screamo acts, like [[Loma Prieta (band)|Loma Prieta]], [[Pianos Become the Teeth]], [[La Dispute (band)|La Dispute]], and [[Touché Amoré]] releasing records on fairly large independent labels such as [[Deathwish Inc.]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deathwishinc.com/bands/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010918225204/http://www.deathwishinc.com/bands/|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 18, 2001|title=Deathwish Inc.|date=September 18, 2001}}</ref> In 2011 [[Alternative Press (magazine)|''Alternative Press'']] noted that [[La Dispute (band)|La Dispute]] is "at the forefront of a traditional-screamo revival" for their critically acclaimed release [[Wildlife (La Dispute album)|''Wildlife'']].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.altpress.com/reviews/entry/la_dispute_wildlife|title=La Dispute - Wildlife - Reviews - Alternative Press|website=Alternative Press|date=December 27, 2011|language=en|access-date=June 19, 2017|archive-date=January 9, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120109085346/http://www.altpress.com/reviews/entry/la_dispute_wildlife|url-status=live}}</ref> They are a part of a group of stylistically similar screamo-revival bands self-defined as "The Wave," made up of Touché Amoré, La Dispute, Defeater, Pianos Become the Teeth, and [[Make Do and Mend (band)|Make Do and Mend]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.caughtinthecrossfire.com/music/la-dispute-interview/|title=La Dispute Interview {{!}} Features {{!}} Caught in the Crossfire|website=www.caughtinthecrossfire.com|language=en|access-date=June 19, 2017|archive-date=March 10, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310050357/http://www.caughtinthecrossfire.com/music/la-dispute-interview/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/jun/29/a-to-z-of-pop-genres-2012|title=The A-Z of pop in 2012|last1=Considine|first1=Clare|date=June 29, 2012|work=The Guardian|access-date=June 19, 2017|last2=Gibsone|first2=Harriet|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|last3=Pattison|first3=Louis|last4=Richards|first4=Sam|last5=Rowe|first5=Sian|archive-date=January 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106173055/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/jun/29/a-to-z-of-pop-genres-2012|url-status=live}}</ref> As well as, California's [[Deafheaven]], who formed in 2010, having been described as screamo, in a style similar to that of [[Envy (band)|Envy]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bayer |first1=Johan |title=Deafheaven: Sunbather |website=[[The A.V. Club]] |date=June 11, 2013 |url=https://www.avclub.com/deafheaven-sunbather-1798177040 |access-date=May 30, 2018 |archive-date=July 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714193458/https://music.avclub.com/deafheaven-sunbather-1798177040 |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[Alternative Press (magazine)|Alternative Press]]'' has cited a "pop screamo revival" along with this, with bands like [[Before Their Eyes]], [[the Ongoing Concept]], [[Too Close to Touch]] and [[I Am Terrified]].<ref name="Altpress-2016" />
[[File:Ostraca2015.jpg|alt=Ostraca|thumb|Screamo band Ostraca performing live in 2015]]
In August 2018, ''[[Vice (magazine)|Noisey]]'' writer Dan Ozzi declared that it was the "Summer of Screamo" in a month-long series documenting screamo acts pushing the genre forward following the decline in popularity of "The Wave," as well as the reunions of seminal bands such as [[Pg. 99]], [[Majority Rule (band)|Majority Rule]], [[City of Caterpillar]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.brooklynvegan.com/majority-rule-playing-reunion-tour-dates-with-pg-99-and-city-of-caterpillar/|title=Majority Rule playing reunion tour dates with pg.99 and City of Caterpillar|work=BrooklynVegan|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=April 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401083745/http://www.brooklynvegan.com/majority-rule-playing-reunion-tour-dates-with-pg-99-and-city-of-caterpillar/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Jeromes Dream]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-spirit-of-screamo-is-alive-and-well/|title=The Spirit of Screamo Is Alive and Well|date=August 1, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214631/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/ne5dm7/the-spirit-of-screamo-is-alive-and-well|url-status=live}}</ref> Groups highlighted in this coverage, including Respire,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/respire-bound-premiere-interview-toronto-post-rock/|title=Respire's "Bound" Is the Emotional Post-Rock and Screamo Epic We Deserve|date=April 16, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-ca|archive-date=August 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827005257/https://noisey.vice.com/en_ca/article/qvxnn5/respire-bound-premiere-interview-toronto-post-rock|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cory |first=Ian |date=April 24, 2018 |title=Ten Albums Which Fueled Respire's "Dénouement" |url=https://www.invisibleoranges.com/respire-influences/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426105423/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/respire-influences/ |archive-date=April 26, 2018 |access-date=February 7, 2023 |website=[[Invisible Oranges]] |language=en}}</ref> Ostraca,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stereogum.com/1974740/stereogums-80-favorite-songs-of-2017/franchises/2017-in-review/|title=Stereogum's 80 Favorite Songs Of 2017|date=December 11, 2017|work=Stereogum|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=August 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815052829/https://www.stereogum.com/1974740/stereogums-80-favorite-songs-of-2017/franchises/2017-in-review/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Portrayal of Guilt]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/6-new-songs-you-need-hear-week-72018|title=6 New Songs You Need to Hear This Week: 7/20/18|date=July 20, 2018|work=Revolver|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826220241/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/6-new-songs-you-need-hear-week-72018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://clrvynt.com/portrayal-of-guilt-stream/|title=Portrayal of Guilt Resuscitate Screamo's Dangerous Potential|website=CLRVYNT|date=May 2, 2017|language=en|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=August 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825041531/http://clrvynt.com/portrayal-of-guilt-stream/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/portrayal-of-guilt-chamber-of-misery-part-i-five-inch-ep/|title=Hear a Dark, Brooding Song from Portrayal of Guilt's Five-Inch Picture Disc|date=July 18, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-au|archive-date=August 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827005246/https://noisey.vice.com/en_au/article/ywkd8x/portrayal-of-guilt-chamber-of-misery-part-i-five-inch-ep|url-status=live}}</ref> Soul Glo,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://maximumrocknroll.com/issue/mrr-423/|title=MRR #423 • August 2018 {{!}} MAXIMUM ROCKNROLL|work=MAXIMUM ROCKNROLL|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=July 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709083113/http://maximumrocknroll.com/issue/mrr-423/|url-status=live}}</ref> I Hate Sex,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://newnoisemagazine.com/stream-hate-sex-weird-dream-conscious/|title=Song Premiere: I Hate Sex - 'Weird Dream, Conscious Stream'|date=March 30, 2017|website=[[New Noise Magazine]]|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=April 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410081528/https://newnoisemagazine.com/stream-hate-sex-weird-dream-conscious/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Infant Island]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.stereogum.com/2008298/infant-island-album-stream/music/album-stream/|title=Stream Infant Island's Thrilling Self-Titled Debut Album|date=August 1, 2018|work=Stereogum|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214515/https://www.stereogum.com/2008298/infant-island-album-stream/music/album-stream/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/infant-island-self-titled-album-stream/|title=Infant Island Carries the Torch for Virginia's Proud Screamo Legacy|date=July 27, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214703/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/a3q7j5/infant-island-self-titled-album-stream|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://uproxx.com/music/best-new-rock-albums-this-week-august-3/|title=The Best New Rock Albums That Dropped This Week|date=August 3, 2018|work=UPROXX|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=March 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327115141/https://uproxx.com/music/best-new-rock-albums-this-week-august-3/|url-status=live}}</ref> had generally received positive press from large publications, but were not as widely successful as their predecessors. [[Vice (magazine)|''Noisey'']] also documented that, despite its loss of mainstream popularity and continued hold in North American scenes, particularly [[Richmond, Virginia]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/virginia-is-for-screamo-lovers-summer-of-screamo/|title=Virginia Is for Screamo Lovers|date=August 8, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214522/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/kzypvy/virginia-is-for-screamo-lovers-summer-of-screamo|url-status=live}}</ref> screamo had become a more international movement; notably spreading to Japan, France, and Sweden with groups including [[Heaven in Her Arms]], [[Birds in Row]] and [[Suis La Lune]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo/|title=Screamo Is Taking Over the World|date=August 15, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214608/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/pawwgz/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo|url-status=live}}</ref> Also in 2018, [[Vein (band)|Vein]] released their debut album ''[[Errorzone]]'' to critical acclaim and commercial success, bringing together elements of screamo, [[Hardcore punk|hardcore]], and [[nu metal]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/how-vein-are-advancing-hardcore-eccentric-genre-busting-style|title=How Vein Are Advancing Hardcore With Eccentric, Genre-Busting Style|date=October 17, 2017|work=Revolver|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214646/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/how-vein-are-advancing-hardcore-eccentric-genre-busting-style|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2018/06/26/interview-vein-frontman-on-new-album-errorzone/|title=Interview: Vein Frontman on New Album "Errorzone" {{!}} Decibel Magazine|date=June 26, 2018|work=Decibel Magazine|access-date=August 26, 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=September 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923012300/https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2018/06/26/interview-vein-frontman-on-new-album-errorzone/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/vein-errorzone/|title=Vein: Errorzone Album Review {{!}} Pitchfork|website=pitchfork.com|language=en|access-date=August 26, 2018|archive-date=July 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711025317/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/vein-errorzone/|url-status=live}}</ref> This underground cohort of acts was primarily released by independent labels like Middle-Man Records<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.heavyblogisheavy.com/2016/04/07/whats-in-a-label-middle-man-records/|title=What's In A Label? Middle-Man Records - Heavy Blog Is Heavy|website=www.heavyblogisheavy.com|date=April 7, 2016 |language=en-US|access-date=September 26, 2018}}</ref> in the United States, Zegema Beach Records<ref>{{Cite web |last=Norman |first=Dave |date=May 25, 2018 |title=Understanding Screamo: A Dissection |url=https://www.invisibleoranges.com/understanding-screamo-a-dissection/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528021405/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/understanding-screamo-a-dissection/ |archive-date=May 28, 2018 |access-date=February 7, 2023 |website=[[Invisible Oranges]] |language=en}}</ref> in Canada, and Miss The Stars Records in Berlin.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo/|title=Screamo Is Taking Over the World|date=August 15, 2018|work=Noisey|access-date=September 26, 2018|language=en-us|archive-date=August 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214608/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/pawwgz/screamo-is-taking-over-the-world-summer-of-screamo|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Subgenres and fusion genres==
===Emoviolence===
[[File:Circle Takes the Square Leipzig 2012 2.jpg|thumb|[[Circle Takes the Square]], whose style borders on [[grindcore]] and [[post-rock]], gained considerable acclaim with the 2004 album ''[[As the Roots Undo]]''.]]
Some screamo bands borrow the extreme dissonance, speed, and chaos of [[powerviolence]]. As a result, the term '''emoviolence''' was half-jokingly coined by the band In/Humanity to describe the fusion of the two styles which applied to themselves, as well as other bands including [[Pg. 99]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tiernan (July 15, 2015)|first1=Jack|title=Starter Kit: Screamo/Emoviolence|url=http://www.heavyblogisheavy.com/2015/07/15/starter-kit-screamoemoviolence/|website=heavyblogisheavy.com|date=July 15, 2015|publisher=Heavy Blog Is Heavy|access-date=May 7, 2017|archive-date=August 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822185808/http://www.heavyblogisheavy.com/2015/07/15/starter-kit-screamoemoviolence/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Orchid (hardcore punk band)|Orchid]],<ref name="Greg-2010" /> [[Reversal of Man]],<ref name="Greg-2010" /> [[Usurp Synapse]],<ref>{{cite web|last1=Morris|first1=Kurt|title=Usurp Synapse - Disinformation Fix|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/disinformation-fix-mw0000773682|website=allmusic.com|publisher=AllMusic|access-date=May 7, 2017|archive-date=September 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170930132012/http://www.allmusic.com/album/disinformation-fix-mw0000773682|url-status=live}}</ref> and RentAmerica.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.popmatters.com/music/reviews/i/inhumanity-violent.shtml|title=CIRCLE TAKES THE SQUARE is in the studio|author=Jason Thompson|date=June 15, 2008|publisher=PopMatters|access-date=May 18, 2011|archive-date=June 13, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090613053730/http://www.popmatters.com/music/reviews/i/inhumanity-violent.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.collective-zine.co.uk/reviews/?id=3952|title=La Quiete - the Apoplexy Twist Orchestra split (Heroine Records)|author=Andy Malcolm|publisher=Collective Zine|access-date=August 18, 2011|archive-date=September 28, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928030857/http://www.collective-zine.co.uk/reviews/?id=3952|url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, bands such as Orchid, Reversal of Man, and [[Circle Takes the Square]] tend to be much closer in style to [[grindcore]] than their forebears.<ref name="Greg-2010">{{cite journal |date=September 22, 2010 |last= Greg|first= Pratt|title= Altered States, Grindcore Special part 2|journal=[[Terrorizer (magazine)|Terrorizer]] |issue=181 |page= 43|publisher=Miranda Yardley |location=[[United Kingdom]] |quote= Another interesting sub-subgenre was this strange crossover of first-generation [[emo]] and [[Grindcore|grind]]. Bands like Reversal of Man or Orchid may not have stood the test of time, but it was a pretty cool sound at the time and one that was pretty uniquely American}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metalinjection.net/latest-news/circle-takes-the-square-is-in-the-studio|title=CIRCLE TAKES THE SQUARE is in the studio|date=June 15, 2008|website=Metal Injection|access-date=July 18, 2011|quote=...CIRCLE TAKES THE SQUARE have retained their integrity and stayed true to the grind influenced experimental, progressive hardcore soundscapes that defined the screamo albums of the early part of the millennium.}}</ref> In contemporary times, the genre is no longer as prevalent or widespread as it had been in the past, yet it still remains as a notable and prevalent force in underground screamo. A revival of the genre has occurred internationally with regional scenes in [[Southeast Asia]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 7, 2017|title=The Passionate, Powerful Sounds of Southeast Asian Screamo|url=https://daily.bandcamp.com/scene-report/southeast-asian-screamo-list|access-date=March 29, 2021|website=Bandcamp Daily}}</ref> and [[South America]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 14, 2019|title=Ten Latinx Bands Riding Screamo's New Wave|url=https://daily.bandcamp.com/lists/latinx-screamo-list|access-date=March 29, 2021|website=Bandcamp Daily|archive-date=March 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321165037/https://daily.bandcamp.com/lists/latinx-screamo-list|url-status=live}}</ref> taking prominence.

===Post-screamo===
Bands including [[City of Caterpillar]], [[Circle Takes the Square]], [[Envy (band)|Envy]], [[Funeral Diner]], [[Pianos Become the Teeth]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rocksound.tv/reviews/article/pianos-become-the-teeth-old-pride|title=Pianos Become The Teeth - Old Pride Reviews Rock blood on the dance floor is an example of screamo sound|author=Andrew Kelham|publisher=[[Rock Sound]]|date=January 21, 2010|access-date=September 1, 2011|archive-date=October 22, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022161148/http://www.rocksound.tv/reviews/article/pianos-become-the-teeth-old-pride|url-status=dead}}</ref> Respire,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/respire-bound-premiere-interview-toronto-post-rock/|title=Respire's "Bound" Is the Emotional Post-Rock and Screamo Epic We Deserve|last1=Wilson|first1=Daniel G.|website=[[Vice Media]]|date=April 16, 2018 |access-date=September 23, 2018}}</ref> and Le Pré Où Je Suis Mort<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alterthepress.com/2010/07/live-review-la-dispute-le-pre-ou-je.html|title=Live Review: La Dispute, Le Pre Ou Je Suis Mort, Maths and History, The Chantry, Canterbury - 22/06/10|publisher=Alter The Press!|date=June 22, 2010|access-date=August 8, 2011|archive-date=August 21, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821091014/http://www.alterthepress.com/2010/07/live-review-la-dispute-le-pre-ou-je.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="interpunk 1">{{cite news|url=http://www.interpunk.com/item.cfm?Item=155110&|title=Interpunk.com - The Ultimate Punk Music Store! Le Pre Ou Je Suis Mort|publisher=Interpunk|date= January 15, 2008|access-date=August 24, 2011}}</ref> have incorporated [[post-rock]] elements into their music. This fusion is characterized by abrupt changes in pace, atmospheric and harmonic instrumentation, and distorted vocals.<ref name="interpunk 1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pinnaclemagazine.tv/?p=155|title=Single State of Man – s/t LP|author=Benjamin|publisher=Pinnacle Magazine|access-date=September 1, 2011|date=January 10, 2009}}</ref> Similarly, bands such as [[Heaven in Her Arms]] and the aforementioned group [[Envy (band)|Envy]], use elements of [[shoegazing]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=O'Connor |first1=Andy |title=Heaven in Her Arms White Halo |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/heaven-in-her-arms-white-halo/ |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |access-date=September 23, 2018 |archive-date=August 29, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829111855/http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/heaven-in-her-arms-white-halo/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Sass===
'''Sass''' ({{IPAc-en|s|æ|s}}, also known as '''white belt hardcore''',<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stewart |first1=Ethan |title=From Hardcore to Harajuku: the Origins of Scene Subculture |url=https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |website=[[PopMatters]] |date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525180042/https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |url-status=live }}</ref> '''sassy screamo''', '''sasscore<ref name=":0" />''' or '''dancey screamo''')<ref>{{cite web |last1=PREIRA |first1=MATT |title=Ten Best Screamo Bands From Florida |url=https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/music/ten-best-screamo-bands-from-florida-6436756/2 |website=[[New Times Broward-Palm Beach]] |access-date=February 10, 2019 |archive-date=January 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120043042/https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/music/ten-best-screamo-bands-from-florida-6436756/2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is a style that emerged from the late-1990s and early-2000s screamo scene.<ref name="A.V. Club">{{cite web |last1=Warwick |first1=Kevin |title=All that sass: The albums that define the '00s dance-punk era |url=https://www.avclub.com/all-that-sass-the-albums-that-define-the-00s-dance-pu-1798248825 |website=[[The A.V. Club]] |date=June 22, 2016 |access-date=February 9, 2019 |archive-date=May 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528230043/https://www.avclub.com/all-that-sass-the-albums-that-define-the-00s-dance-pu-1798248825 |url-status=live }}</ref> The genre incorporates elements of [[post-punk]], [[New wave music|new wave]], [[disco]], [[electronic music|electronic]], [[dance-punk]],<ref name="A.V. Club" />  [[grindcore]], [[noise rock]], [[metalcore]], [[mathcore]] and [[beatdown hardcore]]. The genre is characterized by overtly flamboyant mannerisms, homoerotic lyrical content, synthesizers, [[dance music|dance]] beats and a lisping vocal style.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |last1=ROA |first1=RAY |title=WTF is sasscore, and why is SeeYouSpaceCowboy bringing it to St. Petersburg's Lucky You Tattoo? |url=https://www.cltampa.com/music/show-previews/article/21012214/wtf-is-sasscore-and-why-is-seeyouspacecowboy-bringing-it-to-st-petersburgs-lucky-you-tattoo |website=[[Creative Loafing]] |access-date=February 9, 2019 |archive-date=February 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180515/https://www.cltampa.com/music/show-previews/article/21012214/wtf-is-sasscore-and-why-is-seeyouspacecowboy-bringing-it-to-st-petersburgs-lucky-you-tattoo |url-status=live }}</ref> Sass bands include [[the Blood Brothers (band)|the Blood Brothers]], [[Black Eyes (band)|Black Eyes]], [[An Albatross]], [[The Number Twelve Looks Like You]], [[the Plot to Blow Up the Eiffel Tower]], early [[Daughters (band)|Daughters]], later-[[Orchid (punk band)|Orchid]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stewart |first1=Ethan |title=From Hardcore to Harajuku: the Origins of Scene Subculture |url=https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |website=[[PopMatters]] |date=May 25, 2021 |access-date=25 May 2021 |archive-date=May 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525180042/https://www.popmatters.com/scene-subculture-origins-hardcore-harajuku |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-09|title=What is Sasscore? • DIY Conspiracy|url=https://diyconspiracy.net/terms/sasscore/|access-date=2021-10-09|language=en-US|archive-date=October 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211009201329/https://diyconspiracy.net/terms/sasscore/|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[SeeYouSpaceCowboy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/seeyouspacecowboy-meet-sasscore-band-rallying-marginalized-people-bite-back|title=SeeYouSpaceCowboy: Meet "Sasscore" Band Rallying Marginalized People to "Bite Back"|last1=Adams|first1=Gregory|date=August 14, 2018|website=[[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]]|access-date=February 9, 2019|archive-date=January 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127035158/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/seeyouspacecowboy-meet-sasscore-band-rallying-marginalized-people-bite-back|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Pop screamo===
'''Pop screamo''' or '''[[MTV]] screamo'''<ref name="Wyatt, 2021">{{cite journal |last1=Wyatt |first1=Brett Daniel |title=“The New Reality”: Hardcore’s Shifting Authenticities Under Capitalist Realism |journal=The University of Regina (Canada) ProQuest Dissertations & Theses |date=2021 |quote=In the mid-00s, some bands similar to emo pop bands, with heavy metal riffs, metal core performance styles, pop song structures, and screaming vocals, were mistaken as "screamo" because of the misuse of the word "screamo", and because they were completely different from the aforementioned screamo, they were extremely popular in the market, signed to record labels, released official albums, and often performed on MTV, known as "MTV screamo" or "pop screamo"}}</ref> is a genre derived from screamo and post-hardcore that incorporates melodic, sung choruses and metal influenced riffs.<ref name="Altpress-2015">{{cite web |date=October 13, 2015 |title=10 Defunct Pop-Screamo Bands You Totally Missed The Boat On - Features - Alternative Press |url=https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_defunct_pop_screamo_bands_you_totally_missed_the_boat_on |access-date=January 18, 2018 |publisher=Altpress.com |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107061344/https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_defunct_pop_screamo_bands_you_totally_missed_the_boat_on |url-status=dead }}</ref> It additionally embraces elements of [[emo pop]],<ref name="Wyatt, 2021" /> and the dissonant metalcore style of [[Deadguy]], [[Botch (band)|Botch]], [[Converge (band)|Converge]] and [[Coalesce (band)|Coalesce]].<ref name="MetalSucks-2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2010/06/07/the-history-of-metalcorescreamo/ |title=The History of Metalcore/Screamo |publisher=MetalSucks |date=June 7, 2010 |access-date=January 18, 2018 |archive-date=June 10, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610213118/http://www.metalsucks.net/2010/06/07/the-history-of-metalcorescreamo/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Poison the Well (band)|Poison the Well]] were some of the earliest bands to merge post-hardcore, emo and metalcore, shaping the sound that would later become pop screamo. This was particularly prominent on their first three albums ''[[The Opposite of December... A Season of Separation]]'' (1999), ''[[Tear from the Red]]'' (2002) and ''[[You Come Before You]]''.<ref name="Martins, 2024" /> ''[[Maximum Rocknroll]]'' called [[Codeseven]]'s 1999 album ''Division of Labor'' "proto-mall screamo" due to its fusion of metalcore and post-hardcore,<ref>{{cite web |last1=KUSUHARA |first1=DAIKI |title=CODESEVEN Division of Labor LP |url=https://www.maximumrocknroll.com/reviews/page/36/?fbclid=IwAR0-EEUyOp0Fi26DrKfoDu29gxcid71sf16Be6aug3mV62SztXzQYIbozNI |website=[[Maximumrocknroll]] |access-date=25 September 2025}}</ref> similarly ''[[Alternative Press (magazine)|Alternative Press Magazine]]'' cited [[Beloved (band)|Beloved]], formed in 1999, as "forefathers of the pop-screamo era".<ref name="Altpress-2014">{{cite web |url=https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_will_influence_the_inevitable_pop_screamo_revival_of_2017 |title=10 Bands Who Will Influence The Inevitable Pop-Screamo Revival Of 2017 - Features - Alternative Press |publisher=Altpress.com |date=January 24, 2014 |access-date=January 18, 2018 |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107060956/https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_will_influence_the_inevitable_pop_screamo_revival_of_2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:MuchMusic Video Awards 2007 608.jpg|thumb|right|Screamo band The Used in 2007]]
One of the earliest pioneers of pop screamo was [[Thursday (band)|Thursday]],<ref name="Martins, 2024">{{cite web |last1=Martins |first1=Jorge |title=These 10 Bands Helped Bring Screamo to the Mainstream, and They're All Great |url=https://www.ultimate-guitar.com/articles/features/these_10_bands_helped_bring_screamo_to_the_mainstream_and_theyre_all_great-166587 |website=www.ultimate-guitar.com |access-date=25 September 2025 |language=en}}</ref> whose second album ''[[Full Collapse]]'' (2001), particularly its single "[[Understanding in a Car Crash]]", was highly influential within the genre.<ref name="Altpress-2015" /> The first screamo–influenced album to gain significant media attention,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cohen |first1=Ian |last2=Anthony |first2=David |last3=Corcoran |first3=Nina |last4=Garland |first4=Emma |last5=Nelson |first5=Brad |title=The 100 Greatest Emo Songs of All Time A sweeping look at rock's most misunderstood genre. |url=https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html |website=[[Vulture (website)|Vulture]] |date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213181251/https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html |url-status=live }}</ref> it reached number 178 on the ''Billboard'' 200 and led to the band signing a multimillion-dollar, multi-album contract with [[Island Def Jam Music Group|Island Def Jam]].{{sfn|Greenwald|2003|pp=149–150}} Their subsequent album, ''[[War All the Time (Thursday album)|War All the Time]]'' (2003), reached number seven on the ''Billboard'' 200.<ref name="bill">[{{BillboardURLbyName|artist=thursday|chart=all}} "Artist Chart History – Thursday – Albums"] ''Billboard''.</ref> Shortly after, [[Thrice]] released their second album ''[[The Illusion of Safety (Thrice album)|The Illusion of Safety]]'' (2002) which too was pioneering to the genre. The band released only one more album in the genre, ''[[The Artist in the Ambulance]]'' (2003) before pursuing a separate sound.<ref name="Altpress-2015" /> [[Finch (American band)|Finch]]'s debut album ''[[What It Is to Burn]]'' (2002) permeated much of the subsequent of the scene.<ref name="Altpress-2015" /> The most commercially successful band for playing pop screamo was [[the Used]],<ref name="Martins, 2024" /> whose [[The Used (album)|self-titled debut]] (2002) was certified gold by the RIAA on July 21, 2003.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=The Used|artist=The Used|type=album|region=United States}} self-titled album, as of August 22, 2009, had sold 841,000 copies.<ref name="GuitarHeroes">{{Cite magazine |last=Leebove |first=Laura |date=August 22, 2009 |title=Guitar Heroes |magazine=Billboard |publisher= |volume=121 |page=31 |issn=0006-2510 |number=33}}</ref> Their album ''[[In Love and Death]]'' (2004) was certified gold by the RIAA on March 21, 2005.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=In Love and Death|artist=The Used|type=album|region=United States}} ''In Love and Death'', as of January 2, 2007, sold 689,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Cohen |first=Jonathan |date=January 2, 2007 |title=Live CD/DVD To Precede New Used Album |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1063528/live-cddvd-to-precede-new-used-album |access-date=August 11, 2018 |magazine=Billboard |archive-date=August 9, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809060607/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1063528/live-cddvd-to-precede-new-used-album |url-status=live }}</ref> One of the most influential bands in the scene was Canada's [[Alexisonfire]].<ref name="Martins, 2024" /> ''[[Metal Hammer]]'' writer Matt Mills called their 2002 [[Alexisonfire (album)|self-titled debut album]] "key in legitimising the screamo sound",<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mills |first1=Matt |title=Every Alexisonfire album ranked from worst to best |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/every-alexisonfire-album-ranked-from-worst-to-best |website=[[Metal Hammer]] |date=June 27, 2023 |access-date=31 October 2023 |archive-date=October 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031230249/https://www.loudersound.com/features/every-alexisonfire-album-ranked-from-worst-to-best |url-status=live }}</ref> while ''[[Ultimate Guitar]]'' editor Jorge Martins credited multiple of their early songs with "defining the mainstream screamo scene."<ref name="Martins, 2024" /> Four of their albums were certified gold or platinum in Canada.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Alexisonfire|artist=Alexisonfire|type=album|region=Canada}}{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Watch Out!|artist=Alexisonfire|type=album|region=Canada}}{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Crisis|artist=Alexisonfire|type=album|region=Canada}}{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Old Crows / Young Cardinals|artist=Alexisonfire|type=album|region=Canada}}

The 2003 debut album ''[[Casually Dressed & Deep in Conversation]]'' by Welsh band [[Funeral for a Friend]] was a defining part of the genre,<ref name="Martins, 2024" /> peaking at number 12 on the UK albums charts.<ref name="FFAF UK Charts">{{cite web|url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/funeral%20for%20a%20friend/|title=Funeral For A Friend Artist Official Charts|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|accessdate=26 October 2011|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313154357/http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/funeral%20for%20a%20friend/|archivedate=13 March 2013}}</ref> Its follow up ''[[Hours (Funeral for a Friend album)|Hours]]'' (2005) peaked at the same spot in the UK,<ref>{{cite web |title=Official Albums Chart on 19/6/2005 |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/albums-chart/20050619/7502/ |website=Official Charts |access-date=13 October 2025 |language=en}}</ref> and was their first album to appear on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], reaching number 139.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/302554/funeral-friend/chart |title=Funeral for a Friend – Chart History <nowiki>|</nowiki> Billboard |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> The following years saw the releases of influential albums by [[Story of the Year]], [[Silverstein (band)|Silverstein]], [[Senses Fail]], [[Saosin]], [[From First to Last]],<ref name="Altpress-2015" /> [[AFI (band)|AFI]],<ref name="Enis, 2019" /> and [[He Is Legend]].<ref name="Martins, 2024" /> [[Hawthorne Heights]]'s 2005 single "[[Ohio Is for Lovers]]" was an emblematic song of the genre.<ref name="Martins, 2024" /> The genre reached its commercial peak around 2004.<ref name="Altpress-2014" />

During the early 2000s, metalcore bands including [[Atreyu]], [[As I Lay Dying (band)|As I Lay Dying]] and [[Underoath]] began to incorporate the influence of pop screamo into their sounds.<ref name="Enis, 2019">{{cite web |last1=Enis |first1=Eli |title=A Day To Remember’s Homesick changed pop-punk and metal forever |url=https://www.kerrang.com/a-day-to-remembers-homesick-changed-pop-punk-and-metal-forever |website=[[Kerrang!]] |access-date=25 September 2025}}</ref> Underoath's albums ''[[They're Only Chasing Safety]]'' (2004){{Certification Cite Ref|title=They're Only Chasing Safety|artist=Underoath|type=album|region=United States}} and ''[[Define the Great Line]]'' (2006) both were certified gold by the RIAA.{{Certification Cite Ref|title=Define the Great Line|artist=Underoath|type=album|region=United States}} In mid-2000s, many pop screamo bands began to take influence from the prevailing metalcore sound, particularly [[Alesana]], [[Drop Dead, Gorgeous]], [[Blessthefall]], [[Pierce the Veil]], [[Sleeping with Sirens]] and [[From First to Last]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Enis |first1=Eli |title=10 ESSENTIAL METALCORE ALBUMS FROM 2009: THE YEAR EVERYTHING CHANGED |url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/10-essential-metalcore-albums-2009-year-everything-changed/ |website=[[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]] |access-date=25 September 2025}}</ref> In the late 2000s, some metalcore bands, particularly those signed to [[Rise Records]], took influence from pop screamo, including [[Attack Attack! (American band)|Attack Attack!]], [[the Devil Wears Prada (band)|the Devil Wears Prada]] and [[Of Mice & Men (band)|Of Mice & Men]].<ref name="Martins, 2024" />

The genre had a revival in the 2010s, including such outfits as [[Before Their Eyes]], [[the Ongoing Concept]], [[Too Close to Touch]] and [[I Am Terrified]].<ref name="Altpress-2016">{{cite web|url=https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_are_leading_the_screamo_revival|title=10 bands who are leading the screamo revival - Features - Alternative Press|website=Alternative Press|date=March 28, 2016|access-date=January 6, 2018|archive-date=January 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106174534/https://www.altpress.com/features/entry/10_bands_who_are_leading_the_screamo_revival|url-status=live}}</ref> In the 2020s, a second revival emerged, including [[SeeYouSpaceCowboy]], [[Static Dress]] and Wristmeetrazor.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sacher |first1=Andrew |title=Static Dress announce debut project & comic book, share "sober exit(s)" |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/static-dress-announce-debut-project-comic-book-share-sober-exits/ |website=[[Brooklyn Vegan]] |access-date=25 September 2025}}</ref> ''[[Loudwire]]'' credited SeeYouSpaceCowboy's third album ''[[Coup de Grâce (SeeYouSpaceCowboy album)|Coup de Grâce]]'' with having "managed to merge both true screamo à la Orchid and Honeywell with the mainstream interpretation à la Alesana and Drop Dead, Gorgeous", and "refin[ing] pop screamo choruses into something simultaneously nostalgic and modern".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hill |first1=John |title=The 15 Best Metalcore + Hardcore Albums of 2024 |url=https://loudwire.com/best-metalcore-hardcore-albums-2024/ |website=[[Loudwire]] |access-date=25 September 2025}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of screamo bands]]
* [[Post-hardcore]]
* [[Risecore]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{hardcorepunk}}
{{emo}}

[[Category:Screamo| ]]
[[Category:Emo]]
[[Category:Counterculture of the 1990s]]
[[Category:1990s in music]]
[[Category:Hardcore punk genres]]
[[Category:Rock music genres]]
[[Category:American styles of music]]
[[Category:Youth culture in the United States]]