View source for Shaoshan

{{Short description|City in Hunan Province, China}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name               = Shaoshan
| official_name      = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
| native_name        = {{lang|zh-Hans-CN|韶山市}}
| settlement_type    = [[County-level city|County-level]] & [[Sub-prefecture-level city|Sub-prefectural city]]
| image_skyline      = Shaoshan 01.JPG
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = [[Mao Zedong's Former Residence|Mao Zedong's birthplace]]
| image_flag         = 
| flag_alt           = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_alt           = 
| image_shield       = 
| shield_alt         = 
| nickname           = 
| motto              = 
| image_map          = ChinaXiangtanShaoshan.png
| map_alt            = Location of Shaoshan City within Xiangtan
| map_caption        = 
| pushpin_map        = China Hunan#China
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt    = 
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Hunan
| coordinates        = {{coord|27.9150|N|112.5267|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-43_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| coor_pinpoint      = Shaoshan government
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{PRC}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Provinces of the People's Republic of China|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Hunan]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Xiangtan]]
| subdivision_type3  = Township-level divisions
| subdivision_name3  = 
| subdivision_type4  = 
| subdivision_name4  = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| founder            = 
| seat_type          = 
| seat               = [[Qingxi, Shaoshan|Qingxi Town]]
| government_footnotes = 
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| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| unit_pref          = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->| area_footnotes     = 
| area_urban_footnotes = <ref name="CUCSY_2017">{{cite book |editor1=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development |editor-link=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development |title=China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017 |date=2019 |publisher=China Statistics Press |location=Beijing |page=68 |url=http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/xytj/tjzljsxytjgb/jstjnj/w02019012421874448287322500.xls |access-date=11 January 2020}}</ref>
| area_rural_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </re> -->
| area_metro_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </re> -->
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| area_note          = 
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| area_blank2_title  = <!-- square kilometers -->
| area_total_km2     = 247.3
| area_land_km2      = 
| area_water_km2     = 
| area_rural_km2     = 
| area_metro_km2     = 
| area_urban_km2     = 32.00
| length_km          = 
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| dimensions_footnotes = 
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| elevation_ft       = 
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 118,236
| population_as_of   = 2015
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = 
| population_note    = 
| population_urban   = 49500
| population_urban_footnotes = <ref name="CUCSY_2017"/>
| timezone1          = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset1        = +8
| postal_code_type   = [[List of postal codes in China|Postal code]]
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| website            = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
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}}
'''Shaoshan''' ({{zh|s=韶山|p=Sháoshān}}) is a [[county-level city]] in [[Hunan|Hunan Province]], [[China]]. It is under the administration of the [[prefecture-level city]] of [[Xiangtan]]. [[Qingxi, Shaoshan|Qingxi Town]] is its [[Seat of local government|seat]].

Located on the mid-eastern Hunan and the mid-north of [[Xiangtan]], Shaoshan is bordered by [[Ningxiang|Ningxiang County]] to the north, [[Xiangxiang|Xiangxiang City]] to the west and southwest, [[Xiangtan County]] to the east and southeast. It covers an area of {{convert|247.3|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, as of 2015, it has a census registered population of 118,236  and a permanent resident population of 97,800.<ref name="population2015">{{cite web |trans-title=Statistical Communiqué of Shaoshan City on the 2015 National Economic and Social Development |script-title=zh:2015年韶山市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |url=http://www.xttj.gov.cn/shujufabu/tongjigongbao/2016-05-06/7255.html |publisher=Xiangtan Bureau of Statistics |date=2016-05-06}} or [http://www.xiangtan.gov.cn/new/wszf/tjsj/sjfb/content_130395.html xiangtan.gov.cn]</ref> It is the smallest administrative unit by size or [[List of County-level divisions of Hunan by population|by population in the counties and county-level cities]] in Hunan province.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.xiangtan.gov.cn/new/wszf/wjgz/zfwj/szfqtwj/content_32773.html |script-title=zh:湘潭市人民政府关于将湘乡市龙洞镇7个村和金石镇2个村成建制划归韶山市管辖的通知 (2012年4月25日-潭政发〔2012〕11号) |publisher=Xiangtan People's Government}}</ref>

As the birthplace of [[Mao Zedong]], the founder of the [[China|People's Republic of China]], Shaoshan was an important base during the [[Chinese Revolution (1946−1952)|Chinese Communist Revolution]]. Mao remains a popular figure in the area,<ref>"[http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/asiapcf/09/13/mao.china/index.html In his hometown, Mao a source of pride]." ''[[CNN]]''. Tuesday September 29, 2009. Retrieved on September 30, 2009.</ref> and [[red tourism]] to Shaoshan is a significant driver of the local economy.

[[Image:TroyParfitt3.JPG|thumb|right|Shaoshan train station]]

==History==
Shaoshan's founding legend involves [[Emperor Shun]], who supposedly passed through the site during his southward inspection. He was so fascinated with the landscape that he played the Music of Shao ({{zh|s=韶乐|labels=no}}), which summoned many [[Fenghuang|phoenixes]] and other birds to accompany him. Thus was Shaoshan named for the Music of Shao. It was under the jurisdiction of the state of Chu in the ancient times.<ref name="shaoshan city">{{cite book |author1=He Qiuyun ({{lang|zh|贺秋云}})|author2=Jiang Guoping ({{lang|zh|蒋国平}})|author3=Qi Peigen ({{lang|zh|齐培根}})|author4=Zhang Xinghuang ({{lang|zh|张星煌}})|date=1991|script-title=zh:《中国韶山》|trans-title=China Shaoshan|location=Fuzhou, Fujian|publisher=Huayi Publishing House |page=1 |script-chapter=zh:《序言》|chapter=Foreword |isbn=9787800392726}}</ref>

On December 26, 1990, Shaoshan became a county-level city approved by the [[State Council of China|State Council]].<ref name="shaoshan city"/>

Names and administrative levels of Shaoshan:
* 1652 ([[Qing dynasty]]): Qidu ({{lang|zh-hans|七都}}), Xiangtan District ({{lang|zh-hans|县}})
* 1912 ([[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]): The Second District ({{lang|zh-hans|第二区}}), Xi Township ({{lang|zh-hans|西乡}}), Xiangtan [[County]]
* December 1932: The Ninth District, Xiangtan County
* 1947: Qingtian Township, Xiangtan County (''de jure'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mac.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=90541&ctNode=5914&mp=3|title=ACT GOVERNING RELATIONS BETWEEN PEOPLES OF THE TAIWAN AREA AND THE MAINLAND AREA|last=陸委會網站管理員|date=3 September 2010|publisher=}}</ref>
* January 1950 ([[People's Republic of China]]): The Third District, Xiangtan County
* 1951: The Fourth District, Xiangtan County
* August 1, 1955: Yintian District, Xiangtan County
* 1956: Yintian Town, Xiangtan County
* September 1, 1958: Shaoshan [[people's commune|People's Commune]], Xiangtan County
* May 12, 1961: Shaoshan District, Xiangtan County
* December 1968: county-controlled district status upgraded to regional district ({{lang|zh-hans|地级区}}), controlled directly by the province
* December 1981: reverted to be county-controlled
* December 1984: upgraded to county-class district ({{lang|zh-hans|县级区}}), controlled by Xiangtan City
* December 26, 1990: Upgraded to county-class city, controlled by Xiangtan City on behalf of the province.

==Administrative divisions==
After an adjustment of subdistrict divisions of Shaoshan City on 16 November 2015, Shaoshan City has two towns and two townships under its jurisdiction.<ref>{{cite web |trans-title=result on adjustment of township-level administrative divisions of Shaoshan City on 16 November 2015 |url=http://hn.rednet.cn/c/2015/12/04/3855946.htm |website=rednet.cn Hunan |date=2015-12-04 |script-title=zh:湖南省民政厅关于同意韶山市乡镇区划调整方案的批复 (湘民行发〔2015〕24号)}}, also see {{cite web |url=http://hn.people.com.cn/n/2015/1208/c195194-27267598-4.html |website=people.com Hunan |script-title=zh:湖南省乡镇区划调整改革109个县市区批复方案 |date=2015-12-08}} or {{cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/house/cs/2015-12/08/c_1117386721.htm |website=[[Xinhua News]] |script-title=zh:湖南省乡镇区划调整改革109个县市区批复方案 |date=2015-12-08}}</ref> they are:
;2 towns
* [[Qingxi, Shaoshan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|清溪镇}}): [[Yongyi, Shaoshan|Yongyi]], [[Ruyi, Shaoshan|Ruyi]] and the former Qingxi merged
* [[Yintian, Shaoshan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|银田镇}})
;2 townships
* [[Shaoshan Township]] ({{lang|zh-hans|韶山乡}}): [[Daping, Shaoshan|Daping]] and the former [[Shaoshan Township]] merged
* [[Yanglin, Shaoshan]] ({{lang|zh-hans|杨林乡}})

==Description==
Shaoshan has a population of 100,000, of which 16,000 are not farmers. It covers an area of {{Convert|210|km2|abbr=on}}. It is located in the east-central hilly region of Hunan province, the geographical coordinates are longitude 112 ° 23'52 "-112 ° 38'13", latitude 27 ° 51'40 "-28 ° 1'53".

Shaoshan's topography is dominated by [[Mt. Shaofeng]] and the Shao and Shishi Rivers, with hills in the west giving rise to a mix of hills and plains in the east. The peak of Mount Shaofeng, 518.5 m above sea level, is the highest point whereas Liumuzhou, 48 m above sea level, is the lowest point of the whole city.

==Sister cities==
*{{flagdeco|Russia}} [[Vidnoye, Moscow Oblast|Vidnoye]], [[Moscow Oblast]], [[Russia]]

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y 
|collapsed = Y
|location = Shaoshan, elevation {{convert|88|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present)
|Jan high C = 	8.6
|Feb high C = 	11.6
|Mar high C = 	15.9
|Apr high C = 	22.4
|May high C = 	26.8
|Jun high C = 	30.0
|Jul high C = 	33.4
|Aug high C = 	32.7
|Sep high C = 	28.5
|Oct high C = 	23.3
|Nov high C = 	17.6
|Dec high C = 	11.5
|Jan mean C = 	4.9
|Feb mean C = 	7.4
|Mar mean C = 	11.4
|Apr mean C = 	17.4
|May mean C = 	22.0
|Jun mean C = 	25.6
|Jul mean C = 	28.9
|Aug mean C = 	27.9
|Sep mean C = 	23.5
|Oct mean C = 	18.1
|Nov mean C = 	12.5
|Dec mean C = 	7.1
|Jan low C = 	2.4
|Feb low C = 	4.6
|Mar low C = 	8.2
|Apr low C = 	13.8
|May low C = 	18.4
|Jun low C = 	22.4
|Jul low C = 	25.3
|Aug low C = 	24.5
|Sep low C = 	20.2
|Oct low C = 	14.8
|Nov low C = 	9.2
|Dec low C = 	4.0
|Jan record high C = 24.2 |Jan record low C = -6.2
|Feb record high C = 30.1 |Feb record low C = -8.8
|Mar record high C = 33.0 |Mar record low C = -2.5
|Apr record high C = 35.0 |Apr record low C = 1.4
|May record high C = 36.3 |May record low C = 9.3
|Jun record high C = 37.2 |Jun record low C = 13.2
|Jul record high C = 39.4 |Jul record low C = 18.6
|Aug record high C = 40.8 |Aug record low C = 16.7
|Sep record high C = 37.4 |Sep record low C = 10.1
|Oct record high C = 35.0 |Oct record low C = 2.4
|Nov record high C = 32.1 |Nov record low C = -1.6
|Dec record high C = 24.4 |Dec record low C = -12.1
|year high C=  |year low C= 
|year high F = |year low F =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 	71.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 	85.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 	147.1
|Apr precipitation mm = 	169.4
|May precipitation mm = 	201.3
|Jun precipitation mm = 	226.6
|Jul precipitation mm = 	153.9
|Aug precipitation mm = 	105.1
|Sep precipitation mm = 	82.5
|Oct precipitation mm = 	64.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 	74.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 	54.4
|Jan humidity = 	81
|Feb humidity = 	81
|Mar humidity = 	83
|Apr humidity = 	82
|May humidity = 	82
|Jun humidity = 	84
|Jul humidity = 	77
|Aug humidity = 	80
|Sep humidity = 	82
|Oct humidity = 	80
|Nov humidity = 	80
|Dec humidity = 	78
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm	
|Jan precipitation days = 	14.0
|Feb precipitation days = 	14.5
|Mar precipitation days = 	18.0
|Apr precipitation days = 	17.0
|May precipitation days = 	16.7
|Jun precipitation days = 	15.6
|Jul precipitation days = 	10.4
|Aug precipitation days = 	10.9
|Sep precipitation days = 	9.1
|Oct precipitation days = 	9.9
|Nov precipitation days = 	10.6
|Dec precipitation days = 	11.3
|year precipitation days = 	
|Jan sun = 	61.1
|Feb sun = 	60.8
|Mar sun = 	74.4
|Apr sun = 	104.3
|May sun = 	130.1
|Jun sun = 	125.6
|Jul sun = 	212.0
|Aug sun = 	194.7
|Sep sun = 	144.3
|Oct sun = 	126.0
|Nov sun = 	108.7
|Dec sun = 	93.8
|year sun = 	
| Jan percentsun = 	19
| Feb percentsun = 	19
| Mar percentsun = 	20
| Apr percentsun = 	27
| May percentsun = 	31
| Jun percentsun = 	30
| Jul percentsun = 	50
| Aug percentsun = 	48
| Sep percentsun = 	39
| Oct percentsun = 	36
| Nov percentsun = 	34
| Dec percentsun = 	29
| year percentsun =	
|Jan snow days = 4.9
|Feb snow days = 2.7
|Mar snow days = 0.6
|Apr snow days = 0
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 0.1
|Dec snow days = 1.8
|year snow days = 	
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=30 July 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|title=Experience Template |url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =30 July 2023}}</ref>
}}

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20031012194959/http://www.china-shaoshan.com/ Official site] {{in lang|zh}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=quSJWrpnv3E Early Pictures of Mao ZeDong in Shaoshan]

{{Hunan Shaoshan divisions}}
{{Hunan topics}}
{{County-level divisions of Hunan}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Shaoshan| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Hunan]]
[[Category:County-level divisions of Xiangtan]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Hunan]]
[[Category:National Civilized City]]