View source for Shemiran

{{Short description|Neighborhood in Tehran province, Iran}}
{{for|the village in Kerman province|Shemiran, Kerman{{!}}Shemiran}}

{{Infobox settlement
| official_name            = Shemiran
| native_name              = {{lang|fa|شمیران}}
| settlement_type          = District of Tehran
| image_skyline            = Elahiyeh.gif
| imagesize                = 
| image_caption            = Modern highrises of Elahieh in Shemiran, Tehran, Iran
| pushpin_map              = Iran
| mapsize                  = 150px
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name         = [[Iran]]
| subdivision_type1        = [[Provinces of Iran|Province]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Tehran Province|Tehran]]
| subdivision_type2        = [[Counties of Iran|County]]
| subdivision_name2        = Capital of [[Shemiranat County|Shemiranat]], but located within [[Tehran County|Tehran]]
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| population_density_km2   = auto
| timezone                 = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
| utc_offset               = +3:30
| timezone_DST             = [[Iran Daylight Time|IRDT]]
| utc_offset_DST           = +4:30
| coordinates           = {{coord|35|50|52|N|51|33|09|E|dim:1km|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_footnotes   = <ref>{{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=35.847778&mlon=51.5525&zoom=15#map=15/35.8478/51.5525 |website=[[OpenStreetMap]] |title=Rudak, دهستان رودبار قصران, بخش رودبار قصران [Rudbar-e Qasran Rural District, Rudbar-e Qasran District], Shemiranat County, Tehran Province, 33431-81839, Iran |date=25 June 2024 |access-date=25 June 2024 |lang=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Google Maps |title=RHX3+426 Shemiran, Tehran Province, Iran |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/35°50'52.0%22N+51°33'09.0%22E/@35.847778,51.5525,4611m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m4!3m3!8m2!3d35.847778!4d51.5525?hl=en&entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDcyMy4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D |access-date=27 July 2025}}</ref>
| elevation_m              = 
| area_code                = 
| website                  = 
| footnotes                = 
}}
[[File:971009-AVAN-NorthView.jpg|alt=Shemiran|thumb|Shemiran, Tehran, near the central Alborz mountain range]]<mapframe latitude="35.691879" longitude="51.363831" zoom="8" width="307" height="142" align="right">
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'''Shemirān''' ({{langx|fa|شمیران}}, {{IPA|fa|ʃemiːˈɾɒːn|pron}}){{efn|Also [[romanize]]d as '''Šemirân''' and '''Shemīrān'''; also known as '''Shemirānāt''' (شمیرانات; {{IPA|fa|ʃemiːɾɒːˈnɒːt|}}<ref>{{GEOnet3|217984}}</ref>}} is the capital of [[Shemiranat County]], [[Tehran Province]], [[Iran]], but is actually located just north of the borders of [[Tehran County]] along [[Chamran Expressway]] and [[Sadr Expressway]] and it is the northernmost district of the city of [[Tehran]].

Shemiran lies in the slopes of [[Alborz]] Mountain and enjoys a suitable mild climate. It has fine and well-kept parks and is home to the richest class of [[Iran]]ian society. Most of the foreign embassies and the [[Tehran International Fair]] are situated in Shemiran.

It is also where [[Imam Zadeh Saleh]] is, and where the former home of [[Ruhollah Khomeini]] was located.{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}}

Among the neighborhoods of Shemiran are: [[Darakeh]], [[Darband, Tehran|Darband]], [[Jamaran]], and [[Niavaran]] on the far north, as well as [[Zafaraniyeh]], [[Elahiyeh]], [[Velenjak]], [[Gheytarieh]], [[Farmanieh]] ,[[Kamranieh]], [[jordan]], [[amaniyeh]], and  [[lavasan]] .

== Etymology ==
{{IPAblink|tʃ}} phoneme, i.e. {{IPA|[tʃ]}} was replaced by {{IPAblink|ʃ}}) consisted of two parts: "cham" (meaning "cold" in [[Avestan]]; "zama" or "zem") + "ran" (meaning "slope"). In fact "shemran" means "the cold place" or "the cold slope".

It is common in the [[Iranian languages]] that the letter "z" ({{langx|fa| "ز" }}) changes to letter "ch" ({{langx|fa| "چ" }}), For example in Persian the word "ruz" or "rooz" (day), from [[Middle Persian]] "roch", is still "roch" in [[Balochi language]] and "roj" in [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]]. Another example is the word "zemestan" (winter) consisted of two parts: "zem" (cold) + "estan" or "istan" (being, or existence), which sometimes can be seen in [[Persian Literature]] and common usage as "chamestan" or "chemestan".

== Language ==
The language spoken from the center of [[Ashan, Iran|Oshan]] to Jeiroud and [[Tajrish]] in the south is a kind of [[Tabaristan|Perso-Tabari]] and has the features of [[Caspian languages]]. In far years the natives of Tehran who lived in area of [[Vanak]] and Shemiran had knowledge of [[Mazandarani language]] because of being bordered by the [[Mazandaran Province]]. Russian orientalist and linguist [[Valentin Zhukovski]] on a trip to Iran in the late 19th century got to know the Tajrishi dialect, a dialect that is similar to [[Mazandarani language]] and mentions it in his works. Until today there are people in areas of [[Doulab]], [[Shah Abdol-Azim Shrine]] and others who speak with the Shemirani accent which is a modified version of [[Mazandarani language]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=QAṢRĀN – Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/qasran|access-date=March 20, 2021|website=iranicaonline.org}}</ref>

== Climate ==
The annual temperature of Shemiran in Saadabad meteorological station according to the statistics of 20 years (1975-1995) is 12.9 degrees Celsius.
The average rainfall of Shemiran from 1988 to 2007 was 435.8&nbsp;mm.
The highest recorded temperature from 1988 to 2007 was +39.8 degrees Celsius.
The number of days with snowfall in Shemiran is 24 days per year.

== Neighborhoods ==
* [[Darabad, Tehran|Darabad]]
* [[Ajoudanieh]]
* [[Aghdasieh]]
* [[Farmanieh]]
* [[Kamranieh]]
* [[Niavaran]]
* [[Jamaran]]
* [[Tajrish]]
* [[Darband, Tehran|Darband]]
* [[Zafaraniyeh]]
* [[Mahmoodieh]]
* [[Kamranieh|Zana]]
* [[Elahieh]]
* [[Gheytarieh]]
* [[Velenjak]]
* [[Darakeh]]
* [[Evin]]
* [[Gholhak]]
* [[Ekhtiarieh]]
*  Ozgol
* [[darrous]]
* [[jordan]]
* [[amaniyeh]]
* [[lavasan]]
* [[boukan]]

== Education ==
{{expand section|date=October 2015}}
The [[Pietro Della Valle Italian School]], an Italian international school, is in the [[Farmanieh]] district.pakistan embassy school is in [[ Jordan ]] district.<ref>[http://www.scuolaitalianatehran.com/sitoeng.2/contact/engcontact.htm Contacts]" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150920111113/http://www.scuolaitalianatehran.com/sitoeng.2/contact/engcontact.htm Archive]). [[Pietro Della Valle Italian School]]. Retrieved on October 18, 2015. "“Pietro della Valle” Italian School of Tehran Farmanieh, Lavassani Ave. n. 47 – 19546 Tehran (Iran) "</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Lavasan]]
* [[Fasham]]
* [[Afjeh]]
* [[Tabaristan]]
* [[Tajrish]]

{{Portal-inline|Iran}}
{{clear}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Main quarters of Tehran}}

{{Tehran Province}}

[[Category:Shemiranat County]]
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Tehran]]