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{{Short description|Japanese samurai and military commander (1522–1583)}}
{{family name hatnote|Shibata|lang=Japanese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| order = Lord of [[Tsuruga Domain|Tsuruga]]
| term_start = 1575
| term_end = 1583
| successor = [[Hachiya Yoritaka]]
| order1 = Lord of [[Kitanosho Castle]]
| term_start1 = 1575
| term_end1 = 1583
| name          = Shibata Katsuie
| native_name = 柴田 勝家
| birth_date    = 1522
| death_date    = {{death date and age|1583|6|14|1522|}}
| birth_place   = [[Meitō-ku, Nagoya|Kamiyashiro, Nagoya]], [[Owari Province]]
| death_place   = [[Kitanosho Castle]], [[Echizen Province]]
| image         = Shibata Katsuie large.jpg
| caption       = 
| allegiance    = [[File:Mon-Oda.png|15px]] [[Oda clan]]
| unit          = [[File:Japanese Crest Maru ni futatu Karigane.svg|15px]] [[Shiba clan|Owari-Shibata clan]]
| commands = [[Kitanosho Castle]]
| spouse        = [[Oichi]]
| children = {{ill|Shibata Katsutoyo|jp|柴田勝豊|vertical-align=sup}} (adopted son)<br>[[Shibata Katsumasa]] (adopted son)<br>[[Yodo-dono]] (step daughter)<br>[[Ohatsu]] (step daughter)<br>[[Oeyo]] (step daughter)
| relatives = [[Oda Nobunaga]] (brother-in-law)
| battles       = [[Battle of Kanōguchi]]<br>[[Battle of Azukizaka (1548)|2nd Battle of Azukizaka]]<br>[[Battle of Ino]]<br>[[Battle of Okehazama]]<br>[[Shōryūji Castle|Siege of Shōryūji Castle]]<br>[[Siege of Chōkō-ji]]<br>[[Siege of Nagashima]]<br>[[Siege of Ichijōdani Castle]]<br>[[Echizen Province|Echizen Campaign]]<br>[[Battle of Nagashino]]<br>[[Hokuriku region|Hokuriku Campaign]]<br>[[Battle of Tedorigawa]]<br>[[Kaga Province|Kaga Campaign]]<br>[[Siege of Uozu]]<br>[[Battle of Shizugatake]]
| nickname      = "Oni Shibata" (demon shibata)<br>"Gonroku"
| module              = {{Infobox Chinese|child=yes
| kanji = 柴田 勝家
| hiragana = しばた かついえ
| romaji = Shibata Katsuie
}}
}}

[[File:Japanese Crest Maru ni futatu Karigane.svg|thumb|Shibata clan mon]]

{{nihongo|'''Shibata Katsuie'''|柴田 勝家|extra=1522&nbsp;– June 14, 1583}} or {{nihongo|'''Gonroku'''|権六}} was a Japanese samurai and military commander during the [[Sengoku period]]. He was retainer of [[Oda Nobuhide]]. 
He served [[Oda Nobunaga]] as one of his trusted generals, was severely wounded in the 1571 [[first siege of Nagashima]], but then fought in the 1575 [[Battle of Nagashino]] and 1577 [[Battle of Tedorigawa]].<ref name="Cassell">{{cite book|last1=Turnbull|first1=Stephen|title=The Samurai Sourcebook|date=2000|publisher=Cassell & C0|location=London|isbn=1854095234|page=78,221,228}}</ref>

==Early life==
[[File:Myotokuji.JPG|thumb|Myōtoku-ji (birthplace of Shibata Katsuie at Meitō-ku, Nagoya)]]

Katsuie was born in the village of Kamiyashiro (present-day [[Meitō-ku, Nagoya]]), a branch of the [[Shiba clan]] (who descended from the [[Ashikaga clan]], and were the former suzerains of the [[Oda clan]]). Note the differences between {{nihongo|Shibata|柴田}}, {{nihongo|Shiba|斯波}}, and the {{nihongo|Shibata clan of Echigo|新発田}}.

Katsuie was the retainer of [[Oda Nobuhide]] and later [[Oda Nobuyuki]]. In 1547, he fought at the [[Battle of Kanōguchi]] against the [[Saito clan]] and, in 1548, Katsuie took part in the second '''Battle of Azukizaka''' against [[Imagawa clan]].

In 1556, when control of the [[Oda clan]] was contested, Katsuie initially supported his lord, Nobuyuki, against his elder brother [[Oda Nobunaga]]. Katsuie launched a [[coup d'état]] against Nobunaga. He was defeated at the [[Battle of Inō]], and, in the aftermath, Nobunaga had his brother executed. But, impressed with the retainer's loyalty and bravery, Nobunaga spared Katsuie's life. Katsuie then pledged his services to Nobunaga, earning his praises.

In 1556, according to the records from the ''Tosho Gunkan'', [[Sakai Tadatsugu]] defended Fukutani Castle, which was being besieged by 2,000 cavalry troops from the Oda Clan led by Shibata Katsuie. Tadatsugu managed to repel Katsuie's forces as he led a sallying force outside the castle and routed them.<ref name="Fukutani castle; Miyoshi city">{{cite web |title=NHK大河ドラマ「どうする家康」第39話、酒井忠次ゆかりの地として福谷城が紹介されました |url=https://www.city.aichi-miyoshi.lg.jp/shiryoukan/ukigaijyoato.html |website=Miyoshi city website |publisher=Miyoshi City Board of Education Education Department History and Folklore Museum |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=ja |date=2023}}</ref><ref name="蟹江合戦; Fukutani castle">{{cite book |title=蟹江合戦 |publisher=歴史研究会 |page=97 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pzEGEAAAQBAJ |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=ja}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see [[:ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物]] ( https://w.wiki/9xN6 ). |date=May 2024}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see [[:ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物]] ( https://w.wiki/9xN6 ). |date=May 2024}}<ref name="徳川四天王酒井忠次; Fukutani castle">{{cite book |title=徳川四天王酒井忠次 |publisher=歴史研究会 |page=60 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qz8KEAAAQBAJ |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=ja}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see [[:ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物]] ( https://w.wiki/9xN6 ). |date=May 2024}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see [[:ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物]] ( https://w.wiki/9xN6 ). |date=May 2024}}<ref name="今川氏一族の群像; Fukutani castle">{{cite book |title=今川氏一族の群像 |publisher=歴史研究会 |page=88 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iOz4DwAAQBAJ |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=ja}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see [[:ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物]] ( https://w.wiki/9xN6 ). |date=May 2024}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see [[:ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物]] ( https://w.wiki/9xN6 ). |date=May 2024}}<ref name="歴史読本 Volume 52, Issue 3; Fukutani castle">{{cite book |author1=Jinbutsu Ōraisha |title=歴史読本 Volume 52, Issue 3 |date=2007 |publisher=新人物往来社 |page=79 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v1ozAQAAIAAJ |access-date=6 May 2024 |language=ja}}</ref>

==Service under Nobunaga==
[[File:Shibata Katsuie utamarol.jpg|thumb|Shibata Katsuie utamarol]]

Due to his identity, he didn't hold any important position during the [[Battle of Okehazama]] against the [[Saitō clan]].<ref>{{Cite book|author = Katsuhiro Taniguchi |authorlink = Katsuhiro Taniguchi |year = 2002 |title = 信長軍の司令官－武将たちの出世競争 |publisher = [[中央公論社]] |series = 中公新書 |isbn = 412101782X}}</ref> But he was ordered to be a [[Bugyō]] in 1565.

In late 1568, Katsuie was pardoned by Nobunaga, along with [[Hosokawa Fujitaka]], [[Hachiya Yoritaka]], [[Mori Yoshinari]] and [[Sakai Masahisa]] attacked [[Iwanari Tomomichi]] at [[Shōryūji Castle]].

In 1570, while the [[Oda clan|Oda]]–[[Tokugawa clan|Tokugawa]] coalition fought at the [[Battle of Anegawa]] against the [[Asakura clan|Asakura]] and [[Azai clan]]s, Katsuie was at Chōkō-ji castle, [[Siege of Chōkō-ji|under siege]] by 4,000 soldiers of the [[Rokkaku clan]]. Katsuie eventually won via an all-out attack, forcing the Rokkaku to retreat.<ref name=Cassell/>{{rp|220}}  This action, along with a series of brilliant victories, gained him renown as the "[[Oni (Japanese folklore)|Oni]] Shibata", or "Demon Shibata".

In 1571, he fought in the first [[Siege of Nagashima]] and was severely wounded.

In 1573, when [[Shogun]] [[Ashikaga Yoshiaki]], who was protected by the [[Mori clan (Genji)|Mori clan]], built an anti-Nobunaga network, Katsuie fought against Yoshiaki's forces in various places including [[Omi Province]] and [[Settsu Province]] as a powerful military commander of the Oda army. Later, He took part in the [[siege of Ichijodani Castle]] and also in the Second [[Siege of Nagashima]] right after that, but he pulled back again.

In 1574, he took part in the third [[Siege of Nagashima]]. He commanded the right wing among the three groups along with [[Sakuma Nobumori]].

In 1575, he fought in the [[Battle of Nagashino]] against [[Takeda Katsuyori]].<ref name="Steve">{{cite book|last1=Turnbull|first1=Stephen|title=The Samurai|date=1977|publisher=Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.|location=New York|isbn=9780026205405|pages=156–160}}</ref> He and [[Hashiba Hideyoshi]] protected the left flank.

In 1576, after gaining control of [[Echizen Province|Echizen]], he took command of [[Kitanosho Castle]] (Hokujō) and was ordered to conquer the [[Hokuriku region]].

In 1577, Nobunaga sent an army led by Shibata Katsuie and some of his most experienced generals to reinforce Shigetsura from [[Noto]] province against [[Uesugi Kenshin]] at the [[Battle of Tedorigawa]].

In 1580, he led an army, which included his general [[Sakuma Morimasa]] in a fight against the [[Kaga Province|Kaga]] [[Ikko-ikki]] at [[Kanazawa]] Gobo.<ref name="Cassell"/>{{rp|230}}

In 1581, after controlling [[Noto Province|Noto]], he began a campaign against [[Etchū Province]] along with [[Maeda Toshiie]], [[Sassa Narimasa]] and [[Fuwa Mitsuharu]].

=== Death of Nobunaga ===
{{Main|Honnō-ji incident}}

In 1582, he and [[Sassa Narimasa]] successfully laid [[Siege of Uozu|siege to Uozu]] and [[Matsukura Castle]].<ref name=Cassell/>{{rp|231}} In the meantime, [[Oda Nobunaga]] and his eldest son and heir, [[Oda Nobutada|Nobutada]], were killed in the [[Honnō-ji incident]] by the forces of his former retainer [[Akechi Mitsuhide]].

==Death==
Later in 1582, after the death of Nobunaga, in a meeting at [[Kiyosu Castle]] to determine Nobunaga's successor, Katsuie initially supported the choice of [[Oda Hidenobu|Samboshi]], Nobunaga's grandson.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HQTbDphPKmoC&pg=PA74 Berry 1982, p. 74]</ref> but he later supported [[Oda Nobutaka]], Nobunaga's third son, for whom Katsuie had performed the [[genpuku]] ritual. He then allied with Oda Nobutaka and [[Takigawa Kazumasu]] against [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] who was allied with [[Oda Nobukatsu]]. Tension quickly escalated between Hideyoshi and Katsuie, and the following year they clashed at the [[Battle of Shizugatake]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HQTbDphPKmoC&pg=PA78 Berry 1982, p. 78]</ref>

===Battle of Shizugatake===
{{Main|Battle of Shizugatake}}
In 1583, Katsuie sent his nephew [[Sakuma Morimasa]] to besiege [[Takayama Ukon]] and [[Nakagawa Kiyohide]] at [[Battle of Shizugatake|Shizugatake]]. Morimasa ignored Shibata's orders to withdraw to Ōiwa and was captured and beheaded by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]'s returning forces.<ref name=Turnbull>{{cite book|last1=Turnbull|first1=Stephen|title=The Samurai Sourcebook|date=1998|publisher=Cassell & Co|location=London|isbn=9781854095237|page=76,234}}</ref> Katsuie was defeated and retreated back into Echizen, all the way to [[Kitanosho Castle]], which was taken in 3 days.

During the siege, Katsuie implored his wife, [[Oichi]], to take their daughters and leave, but she decided to stay and die with him, while letting their daughters escape. After setting fire to his castle, Katsuie committed [[seppuku]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.city.fukui.lg.jp/lang/english/kankou/castle.html|title=Fukui Castle, Kitanosho Ruins|date=2009-03-24|access-date=30 April 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081211071755/http://www.city.fukui.lg.jp/lang/english/kankou/castle.html|archive-date=11 December 2008}}</ref><ref name=Sansom>{{cite book|last1=Sansom|first1=George|title=A History of Japan, 1334-1615|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans|url-access=registration|date=1961|publisher=Stanford University Press|location=Stanford|isbn=0804705259|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans/page/311 311-313]}}</ref><ref name=Cassell/>{{rp|234}}

His death poem was:

:{{nihongo2|夏の夜の　夢路儚き　後の名を　雲井にあげよ　山不如}}

:''Natsu no yo no''
:''yumeji hakanaki''
:''ato no na o''
:''kumoi ni ageyo''
:''yamahototogisu''

"Fleeting dream paths, 
In the summer night! 
O bird of the mountain, 
Carry my name beyond the clouds."

[[File:Grave of Shibata Katsuie.jpg|thumb|Grave of Shibata Katsuie]]

==Family==
* Wife: [[Oichi]] (1547–1583)
* Step-daughters:
** [[Yodo-dono]] (1569–1615)
** [[Ohatsu]] (1570–1633)
** [[Oeyo]] (1573–1626)
* Adopted sons:
** {{ill|Shibata Katsutoyo|jp|柴田勝豊|vertical-align=sup}}
** Shibata Katsumasa

==In popular culture==
Shibata Katsuie is a playable character in [[Koei Tecmo]]'s ''[[Samurai Warriors 2: Empires]]'' and all subsequent ''Samurai Warriors'', the ''Warriors Orochi'' games, and ''[[Sengoku Basara 4]]''. He appears in ''[[Nioh 2]]'' and ''[[Fate/Grand Order]]'' as a side character.

==See also==

* {{Section link|People of the Sengoku period in popular culture|Shibata Katsuie}}
* ''[[The Kiyosu Conference]]'' (2013 film)
* [[Fukui Castle]], residence of Katsuie

==References==
<references />
http://www.samurai-archives.com/katsuie.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716193004/http://www.samurai-archives.com/katsuie.html |date=2007-07-16 }}

==External links==

{{commons category|Shibata Katsuie}}
*[http://www2.harimaya.com/sengoku/html/sibata.html Shibata family history on Harimaya.com]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071001020911/http://nekhet.ddo.jp/people/japan/sibata01.html Shibata genealogy]

{{openhistory}}
{{People of the Sengoku period|state=autocollapse}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shibata, Katsuie}}
[[Category:samurai]]
[[Category:1522 births]]
[[Category:1583 deaths]]
[[Category:Daimyo]]
[[Category:Suicides by seppuku]]
[[Category:Oda retainers]]
[[Category:People of the Muromachi period]]
[[Category:People of the Azuchi–Momoyama period]]
[[Category:Japanese military engineers]]
[[Category:Deified Japanese men]]
[[Category:16th-century suicides]]