View source for Soyuz 39

{{Short description|1981 crewed flight of the Soyuz program}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name                  = Soyuz 39
| image                 = 
| image_caption         = 
| insignia              = Soyuz39 patch.png

| mission_type          = 
| operator              = 
| COSPAR_ID             = 1981-029A
| SATCAT                = 12366
| mission_duration      = 7&nbsp;days, 20&nbsp;hours, 42&nbsp;minutes, 3&nbsp;seconds
| distance_travelled    = 
| orbits_completed      = 124

| spacecraft            = 
| spacecraft_type       = [[Soyuz 7K-T]]
| manufacturer          = [[NPO Energia]]
| launch_mass           = {{convert|6800|kg|lb}}
| landing_mass          =

| launch_date           = {{start-date|22 March 1981, 14:58:55|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| launch_rocket         = [[Soyuz-U]]
| launch_site           = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1|1/5]]

| landing_date          = {{end-date|30 March 1981, 11:40:58|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| landing_site          = 175 km SE of [[Dzhezkazgan]]

| crew_size             = 2
| crew_members          = [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]]<br/>[[Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa]]
| crew_callsign         = Pamir (Pamirs)
| crew_photo            =  
| crew_photo_caption    =

| orbit_epoch           = 
| orbit_reference       = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime          = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
| orbit_periapsis       = {{convert|197.5|km|mi}}
| orbit_apoapsis        = {{convert|282.8|km|mi}}
| orbit_inclination     = 51.6&nbsp;degrees
| orbit_period          = 89.1&nbsp;minutes
| apsis                 = gee

| docking               = 
 {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
   | docking_target     = [[Salyut 6]]
   | docking_type       = dock
   | docking_port       = 
   | docking_date       = 
   | undocking_date     = 
   | time_docked        = 
 }}

| previous_mission      = [[Soyuz T-4]]
| next_mission          = [[Soyuz 40]]
| programme             = [[Soyuz programme]]<br/><small>(Crewed missions)</small>
}}
'''Soyuz 39''' was a 1981 [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] crewed space flight to the [[Salyut 6]] [[space station]]. It was the fifteenth expedition, and carried the eighth international crew to the orbiting facility.<ref>The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-39.htm</ref> The crew visited [[Vladimir Kovalyonok]] and [[Viktor Savinykh]], who had reached Salyut-6 ten days prior.

The flight carried [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]] and [[Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa]] into space. With this mission, Gürragchaa became the first [[Mongols|Mongolian]], and second Asian cosmonaut.

The Mongolian contribution for this mission had begun in 1967, when the president of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences [[Bazaryn Shirendev]] attended a conference of scientists from socialist countries in Moscow, where the Intercosmos project was announced.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sansar81.mn/index.php?pid=9&nid=116 |title=Сансрын хамтарсан нислэг |access-date=21 March 2012}}</ref> Dzhanibekov and Gürragchaa performed about thirty experiments during the course of the mission.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sansar81.mn/index.php?pid=9 |title=Зөвлөлт-монголын сансрын хамтарсан нислэгийн үеэр хийсэн эрдэм шинжилгээний сорил, туршилтууд |access-date=21 March 2012}}</ref>

==Crew==
{{Spaceflight crew
|crew            = prime
|terminology     = Cosmonaut
|position1       = Commander
|crew1_up        = [[Vladimir Dzhanibekov]]
|flights1_up     = Second
|details1_up     = 
|position2       = Research cosmonaut
|crew2_up        = [[Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa]]
|flights2_up     = Only
|agency2_up      = [[Interkosmos]]
}}{{Spaceflight crew
|crew            = backup
|terminology     = Cosmonaut
|position1       = Commander
|crew1_up        = [[Vladimir Lyakhov]]
|position2       = Research cosmonaut
|crew2_up        = [[Maidarjavyn Ganzorig]]
|agency2_up      = [[Interkosmos]]
}}

==Mission parameters==
*'''Mass:''' 6800&nbsp;kg
*'''Perigee:''' 197.5&nbsp;km
*'''Apogee:''' 282.8&nbsp;km
*'''Inclination:''' 51.6°
*'''Period:''' 89.01 minutes

==Mission highlights==
[[File:USSR-mongolia Spaceflight Coin.png|left|thumb|205x205px|Mongolian coin commemorating the spaceflight]]
Soyuz 39 docked with the first Mongolian cosmonaut aboard. The resident [[Soyuz T-4|EO-6 crew]] assisted the Intercosmos crew with station equipment and oriented the station according to the needs of the visiting crew's experiments.

On 24 March, the cosmonauts installed cosmic ray detectors in the station's work and transfer compartments. On 26 March the cosmonauts performed the Illuminator ("viewing port") experiment, which studied the degradation of the station's viewports. On 27 March, [[Vladimir Kovalyonok]] and [[Viktor Savinykh]] of the resident crew used the Gologramma ("hologram") apparatus to image a viewing port damaged by micrometeoroids. They repeated this experiment the next day, when they also collected samples of the station's air and microflora and removed the cosmic ray detectors for return to Earth. 28–29 March were largely devoted to studies of Mongolia from space. The visiting crew also checked out their spacecraft on 29 March

The Soviet news service [[TASS (USSR)|TASS]] noted that by 29 March, Salyut 6 had conducted 20,140 revolutions of Earth.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Soviet Union|Spaceflight}}
*[[List of human spaceflights to Salyut space stations]]
*[[List of Salyut expeditions]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.sansar81.mn Website commemorating 30 years since the spaceflight]

{{Soyuz}}
{{Interkosmos}}
{{Orbital launches in 1981}}

[[Category:Crewed Soyuz missions]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1981]]
[[Category:Mongolia–Soviet Union relations]]
[[Category:1981 in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Spacecraft which reentered in 1981]]