View source for Soyuz TM-19

{{Short description|1994 Russian crewed spaceflight to Mir}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2013}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name               = Soyuz TM-19
| image              = A125215 41.jpg
| image_caption      = The Soyuz TM-19 landing capsule on display at the [[Technik Museum Speyer]]
| insignia           = Soyuz TM-19 patch.png
| image_size         = 220px
| mission_type       = [[Mir]] crew transport
| operator           = [[Rosaviakosmos]]
| COSPAR_ID          = 1994-036A
| SATCAT             = 23139
| mission_duration   = 125&nbsp;days, 22&nbsp;hours, 53&nbsp;minutes, 36&nbsp;seconds
| distance_travelled = 
| orbits_completed   = 1,993
| spacecraft         = Soyuz 7K-STM No.68<ref name="launchlog">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|access-date=9 November 2013}}</ref>
| spacecraft_type    = [[Soyuz-TM]]
| manufacturer       = [[RKK Energia]]
| launch_mass        = {{convert|7150|kg|lb}}
| landing_mass       = 
| launch_date        = {{Start date text|July 1, 1994, 12:24:50|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| launch_rocket      = [[Soyuz-U2]]
| launch_site        = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1|1/5]]
| landing_date       = {{End date text|November 4, 1994, 11:18:26|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| landing_site       = {{convert|88|km|mi}} northeast of [[Arkalyk]]
| crew_size          = 2 up<br/>3 down
| crew_members       = [[Yuri Malenchenko]]<br/>[[Talgat Musabayev]]
| crew_landing       = [[Ulf Merbold]]
| crew_callsign      = Ага́т (Agat - [[Agate]])
| crew_photo         = 
| crew_photo_caption = 
| orbit_epoch        = 31 July 1994<ref name="satcat">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt|title=Satellite Catalog|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|access-date=9 November 2013}}</ref>
| orbit_reference    = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime       = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
| orbit_periapsis    = {{convert|396|km|mi}}
| orbit_apoapsis     = {{convert|397|km|mi}}
| orbit_inclination  = 51.6&nbsp;degrees
| orbit_period       = 92.48&nbsp;minutes
| apsis              = gee
| docking            = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
   | docking_target     = [[Mir]]
   | docking_type       = dock
   | docking_port       = [[Kvant-1]] aft
   | docking_date       = 3 July 1994, 13:55:01&nbsp;UTC
   | undocking_date     = 4 November 1994, 08:31:30&nbsp;UTC
   | time_docked        = 
 }}
| previous_mission   = [[Soyuz TM-18]]
| next_mission       = [[Soyuz TM-20]]
| programme          = [[Soyuz programme]]<br/><small>(Crewed missions)</small>
}}
'''Soyuz TM-19''' was a crewed [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]] spaceflight to space station [[Mir]] that carried Russian cosmonaut [[Yuri Malenchenko]] and Kazakh cosmonaut [[Talgat Musabayev]], while also landing German astronaut [[Ulf Merbold]]. It launched on 1 July 1994, at 12:24:50 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-19 |url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-tm19.htm |access-date=2022-04-16 |website=www.spacefacts.de}}</ref>

==Crew==
{{Spaceflight crew
|position1       = Commander
|crew1_up        = [[Yuri Malenchenko]]
|flights1_up     = First
|position2       = Flight engineer
|crew2_up        = [[Talgat Musabayev]]
|agency2_up      = [[Kazakhstan]]
|flights2_up     = First
|position3       = Research cosmonaut
|crew3_up        = None
|crew3_down      = [[Ulf Merbold]]
|flights3_down   = Third and last
|agency3_down    = [[German Aerospace Center|DLR]]
}}

==Mission highlights==
Commander Malenchenko and flight engineer Musabayev, both spaceflight rookies, were to have been launched with veteran [[astronaut|cosmonaut]] [[Gennadi Strekalov]], who would have returned to Earth with [[Viktor Afanasyev (cosmonaut)|Viktor Afanasyev]] and [[Yuri Usachov]] in [[Soyuz TM-18]] after a few days on Mir. However, the cancellation of one of two [[Progress spacecraft|Progress-M]] cargo ships scheduled to resupply [[Mir]] during the Agat crew's stay meant that Strekalov's couch had to carry supplies. The result was the first all-rookie Soyuz flight since [[Soyuz 25]] in October 1977. Docking occurred without incident on July 3. Both cosmonauts and Doctor [[Valeri Polyakov]] (who had arrived on Soyuz TM-18) became the 16th resident crew; many technical problems with the station arose during this expedition, necessitating a previously untried manual supply docking by Malenchenko. On November 3, Malenchenko, Musabayev and Merbold undocked in Soyuz TM-19 and backed 190m from Mir. They then activated the Kurs automatic approach system, which successfully redocked the spacecraft. The cosmonauts then transferred back to Mir. The test was related to the difficulties [[Soyuz TM-20]] and [[Progress M-24]] experienced during their automatic approaches. Final undocking and reentry occurred the following day without incident.

==Mission accomplishments==
*Docked with [[Mir]]
*Partial crew exchange
*Conducted medical experiments
*Conducted materials experiments
*Malenchenko and Musabayev perform EVA on 09.09.1994 (5h 6m) to repair station's external insulation
*Both cosmonauts repeat EVA on 14.09.1994 (6h 1m) for same purpose
*First successful manual docking of a [[Progress spacecraft|Progress]] supply ship

== Spacecraft location ==
In 2010, the [[Energia (corporation)|Energia]] corporation gave the Soyuz TM-19 landing capsule to the [[Technik Museum Speyer|Techink Museum Speyer]] in [[Speyer]], Germany, where it is exhibited as a permanent public display ever since.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-21 |title=Landing capsule of the Soyuz mission TM 19 {{!}} Technik Museum Speyer {{!}} Germany |url=https://speyer.technik-museum.de/en/landing-capsule-of-soyuz-tm19 |access-date=2025-04-22 |website=speyer.technik-museum.de |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
{{Soyuz}}
{{Crewed Mir flights}}
{{Orbital launches in 1994}}

[[Category:Crewed Soyuz missions]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1994]]