View source for Soyuz TM-20

{{Short description|1994 Russian crewed spaceflight to Mir}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2013}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name               = Soyuz TM-20
| image              = Mir as seen from Discovery during STS-63.jpg
| image_caption      = [[Mir]] as seen from [[Space Shuttle Discovery]] during [[STS-63]], with Soyuz TM-20 seen at the top
| insignia           = Soyuz TM-20 patch.png
| image_size         = 200px
| mission_type       = [[Mir]] crew transport
| operator           = [[Rosaviakosmos]]
| COSPAR_ID          = 1994-063A
| SATCAT             = 23288
| mission_duration   = 169&nbsp;days, 5&nbsp;hours, 21&nbsp;minutes, 35&nbsp;seconds
| distance_travelled = 
| orbits_completed   = ~2,760
| spacecraft         = Soyuz 7K-STM No.69<ref name="launchlog">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt|title=Launch Log|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|access-date=9 November 2013}}</ref>
| spacecraft_type    = [[Soyuz-TM]]
| manufacturer       = [[RKK Energia]]
| launch_mass        = {{convert|7170|kg|lb}}
| landing_mass       = 
| launch_date        = {{Start date text|October 3, 1994, 22:42:30|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC<ref name="launchlog"/>
| launch_rocket      = [[Soyuz-U2]]
| launch_site        = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 1|1/5]]
| landing_date       = {{End date text|March 22, 1995, 04:04:05|timezone=yes}}&nbsp;UTC
| landing_site       = {{coord|50.52|N|67.35|E|}}
| crew_size          = 3
| crew_members       = [[Aleksandr Viktorenko]]<br/>[[Yelena Kondakova]]
| crew_launching     = [[Ulf Merbold]]
| crew_landing       = [[Valeri Polyakov]]
| crew_callsign      = Ви́тязь (Vityaz' –  Knight)
| crew_photo         = 
| crew_photo_caption = 
| orbit_epoch        = 3 November 1994<ref name="satcat">{{cite web|url=http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt|title=Satellite Catalog|first=Jonathan|last=McDowell|work=Jonathan's Space Page|access-date=9 November 2013}}</ref>
| orbit_reference    = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime       = [[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
| orbit_periapsis    = {{convert|392|km|mi}}
| orbit_apoapsis     = {{convert|394|km|mi}}
| orbit_inclination  = 51.6&nbsp;degrees
| orbit_period       = 92.42&nbsp;minutes
| apsis              = gee
| docking            = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
   | docking_target     = [[Mir]]
   | docking_type       = dock
   | docking_port       = [[Mir Core Module|Core]] forward
   | docking_date       = 6 October 1994, 00:28:15&nbsp;UTC
   | undocking_date     = 22 March 1995, 00:43:08&nbsp;UTC
   | time_docked        = 
 }}
| previous_mission   = [[Soyuz TM-19]]
| next_mission       = [[Soyuz TM-21]]
| programme          = [[Soyuz programme]]<br/><small>(Crewed missions)</small>
}}
'''Soyuz TM-20''' was the twentieth expedition to the Russian [[Space Station]] [[Mir]]. It launched Russian cosmonauts [[Aleksandr Viktorenko]], [[Yelena Kondakova]], and German cosmonaut [[Ulf Merbold]].
==Crew==
{{Spaceflight crew
|position1       = Commander
|crew1_up        = [[Aleksandr Viktorenko]]
|flights1_up     = Fourth and last
|position2       = Flight engineer
|crew2_up        = [[Yelena Kondakova]]
|flights2_up     = First
|position3       = Research cosmonaut
|crew3_up        = [[Ulf Merbold]]
|flights3_up     = Third and last
|agency3_up      = [[German Aerospace Center|DLR]]
|crew3_down      = [[Valeri Polyakov]]
|flights3_down   = Second and last
}}

==Mission highlights==

The flight carried 10&nbsp;kg of equipment for use by Merbold in ESA's month-long [[Euromir]]
94 experiment program. During automatic approach to Mir's front port, the
spacecraft yawed unexpectedly. Viktorenko completed a manual docking
without additional incident.

==See also==
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
*[[Timeline of longest spaceflights]]

== References ==
<references />

==External links==
* [http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-tm20.htm Spaceflight Mission Report]

{{Soyuz}}
{{Crewed Mir flights}}{{European human spaceflight|state=collapsed}}{{Shuttle-Mir}}
{{Orbital launches in 1994}}

[[Category:Crewed Soyuz missions]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1994]]