View source for Stanislav Gross

{{Short description|Czech politician (1969–2015)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{More footnotes|date=November 2013}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Stanislav Gross
| office              = [[Prime Minister of the Czech Republic]]
| image               = Stanislav gross.jpg
| imagesize           = 200px
| caption             = Gross in 2004
| predecessor         = [[Vladimír Špidla]]
| president           = [[Václav Klaus]]
| successor           = [[Jiří Paroubek]]
| signature           = Stanislav Gross signature.svg
| office2             = Leader of the [[Czech Social Democratic Party|Social Democratic Party]]
| predecessor2        = [[Vladimír Špidla]]
| party               = [[Czech Social Democratic Party|ČSSD]]
| successor2          = [[Bohuslav Sobotka]] (acting)
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1969|10|30|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Prague]], [[Czechoslovakia]]
| death_date          = {{death date and age|2015|04|16|1969|10|30|df=yes}}
| death_place         = [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]]
| spouse              = [[Šárka Grossová]]
| alma_mater          = [[Charles University]] <small>([[Master of Laws|M.L.]])</small><br />[[University of West Bohemia]] <small>([[Master of Laws|JD]])</small>
| profession          = Lawyer
| term_start          = 4 August 2004
| term_end            = 25 April 2005
| term_start2         = 26 July 2004
| term_end2           = 26 April 2005
| office3             = [[Ministry of the Interior (Czech Republic)|Minister of the Interior]]
| term_start3         = 5 April 2000
| term_end3           = 4 August 2004
| primeminister3      = [[Miloš Zeman]]<br />[[Vladimír Špidla]]
| predecessor3        = [[Václav Grulich]]
| successor3          = [[František Bublan]]
| office4             = Member of the [[Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic|Chamber of Deputies]]
| term_start4         = 6 June 1992
| term_end4           = 21 September 2004
}}
'''Stanislav Gross''' ({{IPA|cs|ˈstaɲɪslav ˈɡros}}; 30 October 1969 – 16 April 2015) was a Czech lawyer and politician who served as the [[prime minister of the Czech Republic]] and leader of the [[Czech Social Democratic Party]] from 2004 until 2005 when he resigned as a result of his financial irregularities. He previously served as [[Ministry of the Interior (Czech Republic)|minister of the Interior]] in cabinets of [[Miloš Zeman]] and [[Vladimír Špidla]] from 2000 to 2004. Gross was Member of the [[Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic|Chamber of Deputies]] (MP) from 1992 to 2004.

Gross died on 16 April 2015 at the age of 45 from [[amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]] (ALS).

==Early political career==
Born in [[Prague]], Gross briefly worked for [[Czechoslovak State Railways]] (ČSD) as an engine-driver trainee. After the [[Velvet Revolution]] in 1989, he became a member of the Social Democratic party and in 1992 member of the parliament. After studies in law from 1993 to 1999 he obtained an academic title, although under less than normal conditions. His thesis had a mere 33 pages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ckis.cuni.cz/F/CSU7AAALT1YSXKYE16QT86A6KYV1ALFPISFPDRKYJ5H4TJQILB-29909?func=item-global&doc_library=CKS01&doc_number=000564016&year=&volume=&sub_library=PF|title=Central catalogue of the Charles University in Prague}}</ref>

==Minister of the Interior==
On 5 April 2000 he was named interior minister in the government of [[Miloš Zeman]]. After elections in 2002, Gross continued as interior minister and became deputy prime minister in the government of [[Vladimír Špidla]].

During his service, several scandals in the police had leaked out: corruption among the highest officials, irregularities in business tenders and failure to solve serial murders. Gross claimed that this was due to a better ability to discover such behaviour within the police force. Gross was also criticized for installing his friends and allies as executives in state-owned companies and for misuse of secret services for political aims.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radio.cz/en/news/62210#1|title=Prime Minister Stanislav Gross has denied that he has formed special police teams as Interior Minister of for political purposes|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051224015441/http://radio.cz/en/news/62210#1|archive-date=24 December 2005}}</ref>

In spite of these problems, Gross was able to maintain higher popularity than other politicians (his peak came in at over 70%). His youthful, photogenic appearance, skills in dealing with media and unwillingness to get involved in controversial decisions or discussions helped.{{Citation needed|date=June 2009}}

==Prime minister==
In the [[2004 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic|2004 European election]], ČSSD lost badly and the popularity of the party was low; this led to the resignation of Špidla on 26 July. Gross was appointed prime minister on 4 August 2004 and his government was approved on 24 August.

Gross was seen by his party as the last way to regain popularity and better handle future elections. This was proved wrong; in elections for regional assemblies and Senate elections, the Social Democrats failed again.

Gross claimed he would modernise the party on lines similar to those followed by [[Tony Blair]], but his short time in office and constant involvement with scandals did not give him any time to implement changes. His popularity started to decline, and his involvement in further allegations of nepotism, police corruption, suspicious dealings in state privatisations accelerated the decline.{{Citation needed|date=July 2009}}

==Financial irregularities==
In early 2005, Gross faced a scandal related to unclear origins of the loan to buy his flat. It was found that his wife was a business associate of a brothel owner who was later sentenced for insurance fraud to five years{{citation needed|date=November 2013}} in prison. Criticism from the media and record public dissatisfaction grew into a government crisis. For three months, Gross tried to keep himself in power until he was forced to resign on 25 April 2005. His popularity sank to a record low, and trust in politicians among Czech people was shattered.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.radio.cz/en/article/63673/limit| title = Loan Sarka? Business interests of the Prime Minister's wife take centre stage in coalition crisis|website=Radio Prague International| date = 22 February 2005}} </ref>

In September 2005 Gross stepped down from his remaining position of party leader. The reason was growing suspicion about corruption involving Gross during the sale of the chemical conglomerate [[Unipetrol]] to the Polish state-owned entreprise [[PKN Orlen]].

Gross denied all accusations as an absurd conspiracy against him.<ref>http://zpravy.centrum.cz/domov/clanek.phtml?id=401011 {{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Later life and death==
After leaving the world of top level politics Gross started to work for the Law Office of Eduard Bruna. Between April 2006 and January 2007 he served as the chairman of Security Commission of the Social Democrats (''bezpečnostní komise''). The media had occasionally speculated about his influence on decisions made within the Czech police.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ihned.cz/3-18549110-gross+bezpe%E8nostn%ED-000000_d-a3|title=Gross and his cronies still influential within the police|access-date=25 September 2007|language=cs|work=Hospodářské noviny |location=Czech Republic|quote=A May 2006 article discusses Gross in context of corruption scandal around production of [[bio-oil]] in the Czech Republic}}</ref>

In September 2007, the economics weekly Euro published information that Gross and his wife bought up to a 31% stake in the energy company [[Moravia Energo]]. The value of the stake was estimated to be worth about 300 million [[Czech koruna|CZK]]. The journal calculated that the banks would provide at most two-thirds of the sum and the rest was thus paid by Gross.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euro.cz/id/qyi5nmlktm/detail.jsp?id=89922|title=Gross family acquires stake in Moravia Energo|access-date=25 September 2007|language=cs|publisher=journal Euro|archive-date=8 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208114145/http://www.euro.cz/id/qyi5nmlktm/detail.jsp?id=89922|url-status=dead}}</ref> When this information was published Gross refused to provide details to the press on grounds of privacy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/grossovi-investovali-300-milionu-korun_123339_ieljl.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120909012829/http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/grossovi-investovali-300-milionu-korun_123339_ieljl.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 September 2012|title=Gross invested 300 million Czech koruny|access-date=25 September 2007|language=cs}}</ref>
By June 2008 Gross successfully sold his 31% stake for 150 million CZK, his original purchase price was 21 million CZK. The whole deal was very curious and was investigated, but it was quickly found to be a legitimate business deal according to the Czech Police.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://zpravy.idnes.cz/chrenek-koupil-grossuv-dil-moravia-energo-za-150-milionu-pgx-/domaci.asp?c=A080620_212925_domaci_zra|title=Chrenek koupil "Grossuv" dil Moravia Energo za 150 Milionu|date=21 June 2008|language=cs}}</ref>

On 18 March 2008 he failed the [[Bar examination|bar exam]],<ref>Zuzana Kaiserová, Gross "rupnul" u advokátní zkoušky, Mladá fronta Dnes 19 March 2008, page A1 (front page), the reporter was present at the exam</ref> but later passed it and opened a private law practice.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zpravy.idnes.cz/expremier-gross-slozil-reparat-muze-se-zivit-jako-advokat-pny-/domaci.asp?c=A081215_115336_domaci_pje|title=Expremiér Gross složil reparát, může se živit jako advokát|date=15 December 2008 |language=cs}}</ref> Gross was student of the [[Charles University in Prague]] and later was awarded his law degree by the [[University of West Bohemia]] at [[Plzeň]]. In 2009 this university has been the centre of investigations into allegations of law degrees being awarded after only a few months study. Gross was mentioned during the investigation.

In early 2008 together with his wife [[Šárka Grossová]], they purchased a $735,000 (or 11 million CZK) Hidden Bay luxury condo in [[Miami]], Florida (review of public online county records show that the property was purchased in his wife's name only). Gross and his wife also purchased a small 10 million CZK house in need of major renovations about 1&nbsp;km from their apartment in [[Barrandov]], Prague, Czech Republic (controversy surrounding the purchase of that apartment was one of the key factors in his stepping down from his post as prime minister and leaving politics).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zpravy.idnes.cz/cena-grossova-floridskeho-bytu-klesla-kvuli-krizi-o-petinu-p4k-/domaci.asp?c=A081029_221746_domaci_zra|title=Cena Grossova floridského bytu klesla kvůli krizi o pětinu |date=30 October 2008 |language=cs}}</ref>

Gross died on 16 April 2015 at the age of 45 from [[amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://radio.cz/en/section/news/former-czech-prime-minister-stanislav-gross-dies-at-45| title = Former Czech prime minister Stanislav Gross dies at 45|website=Radio Prague International| date = 16 April 2015}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
Gross was an inspiration for the character of corrupt prime minister Klein in the film [[Gangster Ka]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Filmový hit Gangster Ka odtajnil nejen mafiánské praktiky, ale i hlavní postavy ze života Radovana Krejčíře. Kdo hrál koho?|date=17 September 2015|url=http://www.extra.cz/filmovy-hit-gangster-ka-odtajnil-nejen-mafianske-praktiky-ale-i-hlavni-postavy-ze-zivota-radovana-krejcire-kdo-hral-koho|access-date=3 August 2016|language=cs}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4230163.stm Czech PM faces corruption claim] – BBC News, 2 February 2005
* [http://www.radio.cz/en/article/63673/limit] – Cesky Rozhlas -radio.cz- with archive of articles in English about the Grosses
* [http://www.praguepost.com/P02/pp.php/index.php?query_string=gross&a=2&a=2 Coverage in ''Prague Post'']

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{{Succession box|
  before= [[Václav Grulich]] |
  title= [[Ministry of the Interior (Czech Republic)|Minister of the Interior]] |
  years= 2000–2004 |
  after= [[František Bublan]]}}
{{Succession box|
  before= [[Vladimír Špidla]] |
  title= [[Prime Minister of the Czech Republic]] |
  years= 2004–2005 |
  after= [[Jiří Paroubek]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{Stanislav Gross}}
{{Czech Social Democratic Party|state=collapsed}}
{{CzechPMs}}
{{Gross Cabinet}}
{{Špidla Cabinet}}
{{Zeman Cabinet}}
{{CSSD-chairman}}
{{CZ-Interior-ministers}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gross, Stanislav}}
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths from motor neuron disease]]
[[Category:Neurological disease deaths in the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Politicians from Prague]]
[[Category:Interior ministers of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Czech Social Democratic Party]]
[[Category:Czech Social Democratic Party MPs]]
[[Category:Czech Social Democratic Party prime ministers]]
[[Category:Czech Social Democratic Party government ministers]]
[[Category:Charles University alumni]]
[[Category:University of West Bohemia alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic (1992–1996)]]
[[Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic (1996–1998)]]
[[Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic (1998–2002)]]
[[Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic (2002–2006)]]
[[Category:Burials at Vyšehrad Cemetery]]