View source for Stu Hart

{{short description|Canadian professional and amateur wrestler, promoter, and trainer (1915–2003)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox professional wrestler
| name         = Stu Hart<br>{{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC}}
| birthname    = Stewart Edward Hart
| image        = Wrestler Stu Hart wearing an amateur wrestling championship belt, sometime between 1933 and 1936.jpg
| image_width  = 
| caption      = Hart, aged approximately 18, with an amateur wrestling championship belt.{{Efn|The belt Hart wears in the picture features his initials SEH.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=15}}}}
| family       = [[Hart wrestling family|Hart]]
| relatives    = [[Donald Stewart (North Dakota politician)|Donald Stewart]] (grandfather) <br /> [[Harry Smith (athlete)|Harry Smith]] (father-in-law)
| children     = 12, including [[Smith Hart|Smith]], [[Bruce Hart (wrestler)|Bruce]], [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]], [[Dean Hart|Dean]], [[Bret Hart|Bret]], [[Ross Hart|Ross]], [[Diana Hart|Diana]], and [[Owen Hart|Owen]]
| spouse       = {{marriage|Helen Louise Smith|1947|2001|end=her death}}<ref group=lower-roman name=Mavericks/><ref group=lower-roman name=Gallipoli/>
| height       = 5 ft 11 in<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE Profile"/>
| weight       = 230 lb<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE Profile"/>
| birth_date   = {{birth date |1915|5|3}}{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=96}}
| death_cause  = [[Stroke]]
| birth_place  = [[Saskatoon]],{{sfn|Toombs|2002|p=Foreword}} Saskatchewan, Canada
| death_date   = {{death date and age|2003|10|16|1915|5|3}}
| death_place  = [[Calgary]], Alberta, Canada
| billed       = Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| trainer      = [[Jack Taylor (Canadian wrestler)|Jack Taylor]]{{Efn|Mainly amateur wrestling.{{sfn|Berger|2010|p=54}}}}<br />[[Toots Mondt]]{{Efn|Mainly professional wrestling.{{sfn|van Herk|2002|p=?}}}}
| debut        = 1943{{sfn|Erb|2002|p=72}}
| retired      = 1986{{sfn|Pope|2005|p=218}}
| module       = {{Infobox military person
| embed        = yes
| embed_title  = Military service
| allegiance   = {{flag|Canada}}
| branch       = [[file:RCN Emblem.svg|23px]] [[Royal Canadian Navy]]
| serviceyears = 1942–1946
| rank         = 
| unit         = 
| battles      = [[World War II]]
| awards       = 
| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|[[Order of Canada|OC]]|size=100%}}
| placeofburial    = Eden Brook Memorial Gardens
}}
}}
'''Stewart Edward Hart''' {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC}} (May 3, 1915 – October 16, 2003) was a Canadian [[sport wrestling|amateur]] and [[professional wrestling|professional wrestler]], wrestling [[Booker (professional wrestling)|booker]], [[professional wrestling promotion|promoter]], and [[coach (sports)|coach]]. He is best known for founding and handling [[Stampede Wrestling]], a professional wrestling promotion based in [[Calgary, Alberta]], teaching many individuals at its associated wrestling school "[[Hart Dungeon|The Dungeon]]" and establishing a professional wrestling dynasty consisting of his relatives and close trainees. As the patriarch of the [[Hart wrestling family]], Hart is the ancestor of many wrestlers, most notably being the father of [[Bret Hart|Bret]] and [[Owen Hart]] as well as the grandfather of [[Natalya Neidhart]], [[Teddy Hart]] and [[Davey Boy Smith Jr.|Harry Smith]].

Hart was born to an impoverished [[Saskatchewan]] family but became a successful amateur wrestler during the 1930s and early 1940s, holding many national championships, as well as engaging in many other sports. He began wrestling for show in 1943 with the [[Royal Canadian Navy]] while serving in [[World War II]] as he could not go to the [[1940 Summer Olympics]] due to the war. After leaving the service he travelled to America and debuted professionally for the [[New York State|New York]] wrestling [[List of National Wrestling Alliance territories|territory]]{{Efn|Said territory later morphed into the [[Capitol Wrestling Corporation]] (CWC), [[World Wide Wrestling Federation]] (WWWF), [[World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF) and the latest [[World Wrestling Entertainment]] (WWE)}} in 1946. Hart was considered very handsome and a good in-ring performer, focusing on a [[submission wrestling|submission]]-like and [[technical wrestling|technical style]] of wrestling, but despite this and being popular in general he was not given a major spotlight, and soon after marrying [[Helen Hart (wrestling)|Helen Smith]], whom he met in New York City, he created his own promotion in [[Edmonton, Alberta]], which would be known as Stampede Wrestling{{Efn|The original company founded in 1948 was named Klondike Wrestling, which would later be merged with another company Hart bought and bear the name of Big Time Wrestling and Wildcat Wrestling before becoming Stampede. '''See full quote:'''{{refn|group=Quote|name=first|David Taras and Christopher Waddell state:<blockquote>That same year [1948], the legendary Stu Hart founded Klondike Wrestling which he operated out of Edmonton. In 1952, through a series deals with [Larry] Tillman and [Jerry] Meeker, Hart acquired control of the Calgary promotion and thus became the promoter for the entire territory, which now operated under the name Big Time Wrestling (later Wildcat Wrestling and Stampede Wrestling).</blockquote>
* ''How Canadians Communicate V: Sports'' (2016), Athabasca University Press; {{ISBN|978-1-77199-007-3}}.{{sfn|Waddell/Taras|2016|p=296}}}}}} and took over the surrounding wrestling territory which covered most of western Canada and the US state of [[Montana]]. The territory would go on to become known as the Stampede territory thenceforth. In 1949, Stu and Helen moved to [[Great Falls, Montana]]. Hart's promotion featured a large variety of outside stars from the wrestling industry as well as homegrown talent for whom he booked storylines. Beginning from the 1950s Hart helped train a large number of people for his company and gained a reputation as one of the best teachers in the wrestling business. In October 1951, Stu and Helen moved to Calgary, Alberta, into what would become the famous [[Hart House (Alberta)|Hart House]].

Hart remained an active full-time wrestler until the 1960s when he entered semi-in-ring retirement, thereafter he would focus mostly on promoting, booking and teaching, as well as raising his twelve children with Helen while still appearing in the ring sporadically until the 1980s. Throughout his career, Hart almost exclusively portrayed a heroic character, a so-called "[[Face (professional wrestling)|babyface]]" role and only held one professional title, the NWA Northwest Tag Team Championship. After selling his territory to [[Titan Sports, Inc.]] in 1984, Hart would make several appearances on [[List of WWE pay-per-view and WWE Network events|WWF television and Pay-Per-View]] with his wife, often involved in storylines surrounding his sons Bret and Owen and several of his sons-in-law who were signed to the company. He continued to teach wrestling at his home in Calgary until the 1990s when he suffered a severe leg injury and had to stop engaging excessively with students, leaving most of the work for his sons [[Bruce Hart (wrestler)|Bruce]] and [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]]. He died at age 88 in October 2003 after suffering from multiple medical issues.

Hart is regarded by many, including major wrestling historian and [[sports journalism|sports journalist]] [[Dave Meltzer]], as one of the most influential and important figures in professional wrestling history and an icon of the artform. His greatest contribution to the [[Performance art|art]] was as a promoter and trainer. Along with Bret and Owen, Hart's trainees included future [[World Heavyweight Championship (professional wrestling)|world champions]] [[Fritz Von Erich]], [[Superstar Billy Graham]], [[Chris Jericho]], [[Edge (wrestler)|Edge]], [[Jason Reso|Christian]], [[Mark Henry]], [[Chris Benoit]], and [[Jushin Thunder Liger]]. Hart was a member of the [[inaugural]] ''[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]'' [[Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame|Hall of Fame]] class in 1996 and was inducted into the [[WWE Hall of Fame]] in [[WWE Hall of Fame (2010)|2010]] by his son Bret. Hart was also well known for his involvement in over thirty charities, for which he was named a Member of the [[Order of Canada]],{{refn|group=Quote|name=second}} the second highest honour for merit which can be given in Canada and the highest civilian honour.

==Early life==
[[File:Baby stu hart.png|thumb|left|Hart as a baby in 1915]]
{{Professional wrestling sidebar}}Hart was born in Saskatoon in 1915<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE Profile"/> to Edward and Elizabeth Stewart Hart. He was mainly of [[Ulster Scots people|Ulster Scot]] descent on his father's side and had [[Scottish People|Scottish]] and [[English People|English]] ancestry from his mother's side of the family.{{sfn|Lister|2005|p=252}}{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=16}}

His childhood was impoverished; as a boy, Stu Hart lived in a tent with his family on the prairie in Alberta, living off the land, milking cows{{sfn|Hart, Martha|2004|p=30}} and wild game that Stu took down with his [[slingshot]].{{sfn|Hart, Diana|2001|p=11}} As a child Hart and his sisters were often mistreated at school by both fellow students and teachers since it was well known that they were from such a poor family. Hart was also berated and treated with disdain [[Bias against left-handed people|for being lefthanded]], something seen as deviant at the time. Like most lefthanded children at the time, he was forced to work with his right, and as a result he became [[ambidextrous]].{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=19}} In 1928, his father was arrested for failure to pay back taxes, while the Salvation Army sent Stu, his mother, and two sisters, Sylvester and Edrie to live in Edmonton.<ref group=lower-roman name="lasting legacy"/> Due to his destitute childhood and youth Hart did not experience a dramatic shift in life quality or mentality during the [[Great Depression]] which affected most others around him in Edmonton.{{sfn|Erb|2002|p=49}}

==Amateur wrestling==
Hart was trained in [[catch wrestling]] in his youth by other boys. Speaking of it, Stu said that his "head would be blue by the time they let go of him". Stu taught this 'shoot style' to all who trained under him in the 1980s and 1990s with the thought that teaching his students real submission moves would make their professional wrestling style sharper. During his time in Edmonton with his mother and sisters Hart began finding an interest in sports with wrestling and football being his favourites.<ref group=lower-roman name=Glenbow/> He started weightlifting and training for wrestling when he was fourteen years old and quickly built a strong neck and impressive arms.{{sfn|Marshall|2016|p=193}} He began attending amateur wrestling classes when he joined the [[YMCA]] in Edmonton in 1929 and soon became a talented [[grappler]]. By the age of fifteen Hart won the Edmonton City Championship in the middleweight class and the Alberta Provincial championship later that same year. Hart continued to train and improve his abilities and by 1937 he was the Dominion welterweight champion, also in 1937 he won a gold medal in the welterweight class from the [[Amateur Athletic Union of Canada]]. Hart qualified for the 1938 [[British Empire Games]] in Australia but was unable to go due to economic reasons,{{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}} mainly the lack of funding from the Canadian government, a leftover from the depression.{{sfn|Marshall|2016|p=193}} During the mid-1930s Hart also coached wrestling at the [[University of Alberta]].<ref group=lower-roman name="ashfm"/>{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=24}}<ref group=lower-roman name="Interview2"/>

His amateur career peaked in May 1940 when Hart won the Dominion Amateur Wrestling Championship in the light heavyweight category.{{sfn|Berger|2010|p=57}} Hart qualified and would have competed at the [[1940 Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics in Helsinki in 1940]] but could not due to it being cancelled because of the outbreak of World War II, which was a terrible blow to Hart personally, as it had been his dream to compete at the Olympics from a very young age.{{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}}

==Other sport ventures and military service==
While Hart was mainly a lover of submission wrestling he was also an outstanding all-around athlete<ref group=lower-roman name="Patriarch dies"/> who played virtually every sport available,{{sfn|Hart, Martha|2004|p=30}} excelling at football, baseball and fastball notably. Hart played professionally for the [[Edmonton Eskimos]] from 1937 to 1939 as a center and was considered a standout performer at the time.{{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}} Hart had initially been slated for the 1941 season as well but had to decline due to other commitments which prevented him from joining at that time.<ref group=lower-roman name="Football"/><ref group=lower-roman name="Football2"/> He coached a women's fastball team in Edmonton during the late 1930s as well as being the captain of a popular baseball team called Hart's All Stars.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=25}} The players of Hart's All Stars consisted of sheet-metal workers from Edmonton whom he trained.

On Christmas Eve 1941 Hart was almost killed in a bicycle accident which broke both his elbows and thumbs and hurt his back severely. The injuries risked ending Hart's athletic career. The accident happened while he was on the way to be with his father Edward to celebrate Christmas with the family when a fire truck drove behind him and forced Hart to swerve to the side where he was hit by another car which propelled him thirty feet forward on the road and scraped off a large portion of his skin in the process. He spent several months at the [[Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton|Royal Alexandra Hospital in Edmonton]] recovering. In the spring, still hospitalized, Hart was visited by [[Al Oeming]], a young neighbour who had been drafted into the [[Royal Canadian Navy]] for World War II and after being released from the hospital Hart decided to enlist. Hart enlisted in the Navy and was appointed to the position of [[Director of Athletics]].{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=24}} In early 1943, Hart was put in for a transfer from the Nonsuch in Edmonton to regular service in Cornwallis, Nova Scotia. Physically, he had fully recovered from his injuries and had hoped to see genuine sea duty afterward, but the Navy appeared to be more interested in him as an athletic director than as a regular enlisted seaman. By later 1943 the Navy had him wrestling mostly to amuse the other servicemen, instead of purely competitively. He performed regularly before thousands of other enlisted men in drill halls.{{sfn|Erb|2002|p=72}} Several of the men he worked with would end up being employed by Hart when he became a promoter later in life.{{sfn|Erb|2002|p=72}}

Hart spent much of his free time during [[World War II]] performing and organizing different sports events to raise funds to the war effort.<ref group=lower-roman name="Stu Hart 1946"/> As an active sailor and director of athletics Hart was the leader of all the sports teams available and a member of them as well, most notably the fastball team and the wrestling team. Hart originally wanted to leave the Navy when the war was over but the organization considered him to be a great asset both as a trainer as well as a showpiece, persuading him to stay. He would attempt to ask to be let go several times later but was told to stay again. Eventually, Hart was given his discharge from the Navy in early 1946.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=26}}

==Professional wrestling career==
===New York territory (1946–1947)===
It was during his time in the Navy that Stu was introduced to [[professional wrestling]].<ref group=lower-roman name="Stu Hart 1946"/> Around this time Hart and [[Al Oeming]], a future wrestler, nature conservationist, and fellow sailor, became closer as friends. Oeming later would help him handle his own promotion.<ref group=lower-roman name="Beta"/>

After recovering from a car accident, Stu competed in various exhibition matches to entertain the troops. In 1946, while receiving training from [[Toots Mondt]], Hart debuted in [[New York City]]. Early on, Hart experienced harsh treatment from his fellow wrestlers in the ring and during training, being considered a "pretty boy" at first by his peers and older wrestlers; described as "[[tall, dark and handsome]], with a build that would put movie idols to shame" he was immediately a favourite with the female fans.{{sfn|Keith|2008|p=41}}{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=26}} Hart would often be swarmed by women and covered with kisses as he made his way to the ring.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=26}}{{sfn|Keith|2008|p=41}} The roughing up of younger performers by veteran workers was common at the time in the industry but Hart adapted to it rather quickly and would retaliate with the same treatment, utilizing his catch wrestling experience to his advantage.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=26}} While never given the opportunity to be champion Hart did partake in several high-profile matches with the likes of [[Lou Thesz]] and [[Frank Sexton (wrestler)|Frank Sexton]]. He also developed a reputation as a legitimate athlete and "tough-guy" in the business.<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE Profile"/> Hart was a frequent tag team wrestler together with [[Lord James Blears]].<ref group=lower-roman name="POF"/><ref group=lower-roman name="NP1"/> Blears and Hart lived together for six months with another wrestler named [[Sandor Kovacs]] whom Hart already knew from the Navy.{{sfn|Verrier|2017|p=71}} They used to frequent the beaches at Long Beach in New York on their free time and it was on the beach that Hart first met his wife Helen Smith and her family.<ref group=lower-roman name="Stu Hart 1946"/> Hart had quickly become a rising star in the area but chose to leave together with his newly engaged fiancée only about a year and a half after debuting.{{sfn|van Herk|2002|p=?}}{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=27}}{{sfn|Keith|2008|p=41}}

===National Wrestling Alliance (1947–1984)===
[[File:NWA Professional Wrestling Territories.png|300px|thumb|Map of the [[List of National Wrestling Alliance territories|territory system]] in North America under the [[National Wrestling Alliance]]. Hart's territory can be seen covering Montana, Alberta and Saskatchewan.]]
By 1947, Hart was working for Jerry Meeker and [[Larry Tillman]] in Montana as both a wrestler and a booker.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=31}}{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=100}} In late 1947 he travelled to wrestle in [[San Antonio]] briefly.<ref group=lower-roman name="NPA"/> In September 1948, Hart established [[Klondike Wrestling]]{{sfn|Grasso|2014|p=131}} in Edmonton, the promotion joined the NWA in 1948.{{refn|group=Quote|name=first}} In 1949, Hart was involved in a storyline with the "[[Heel (professional wrestling)|heel]]" Lord Albert Mills, they were scheduled to have a two out of three main event match at the Billings Sports arena on Monday December 19, the match was a followup to another one the previous week when Mills had gotten the win through nefarious means. Hart was portrayed as having been caught off guard the Monday before when it happened.<ref group=lower-roman name="NP2"/> Hart was a perpetual "[[Face (professional wrestling)|face]]" during his in-ring career, including during his time with the NWA,<ref group=lower-roman name="NP3"/> and was a noted draw for women in the areas he wrestled.<ref group=lower-roman name="NP4"/><ref group=lower-roman name="NP5"/> In 1950, Hart wrestled for the NWA associated [[Alex Turk Promotions]] in Winnipeg. The first match was against [[Verne Gagne]] on June 29 at the Civic Auditorium, the match resulted in a draw. He also wrestled in a match against Matt Murphy in the Civic Auditorium on November 9, which he was booked to win. In 1951, Hart purchased a mansion in Patterson Heights, Calgary, [[Hart House (Alberta)|The Hart House]] which is now considered a heritage site. Its basement, later known as the Dungeon, provided training grounds for his wrestling pupils.{{sfn|Sullivan|2011|p=92}} Later that year Hart headlined an event in Wisconsin, again together with Verne Gagne.<ref group=lower-roman name="NP6"/> Hart was still favoured by women at this time even against a bigger star like Gagne.<ref group=lower-roman name="NP7"/>

===Big Time Wrestling and Wildcat Wrestling (1952–1967)===
In 1952, Hart bought up Tillman's territory in Alberta and merged his own promotion with it into [[Big Time Wrestling (Stu Hart promotion)|Big Time Wrestling]].{{sfn|Waddell/Taras|2016|p=296}} The promotion would later change name to [[Wildcat Wrestling]] and lastly morph into [[Stampede Wrestling]] many years later.{{refn|group=Quote|name=first}} The televised version of Hart's wrestling shows were one of Canada's longest-running television programs, lasting over 30 years and remained one of Calgary's most popular sports programs, eventually airing in over 50 countries worldwide.<ref group=lower-roman name="Pin"/>

===Stampede Wrestling (1967–1986)===
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Stu Hart vs Bengal Tiger.jpg|thumb|right|Hart wrestling a [[Bengal tiger]] named Sasha "Chi-Chi".]] -->
Hart's [[Stampede Wrestling]] was responsible for developing many wrestlers who would later become very successful in other promotions and territories, mainly in the WWF.{{sfn|Martin|2001|p=68}}{{sfn|Pope|2005|p=218}}{{sfn|Solomon|2015|p=?}} Hart would generally close the promotion down during summers and open it up again during the winter when the other territories were closed.{{sfn|Toombs|2016|p=?}}{{sfn|Hart, Bruce|2011|p=??}} Hart had on occasions [[Animals in professional wrestling|wrestled animals]] such as [[tigers]] and [[grizzly bears]] as part of promotional efforts for the company as well as charity.<ref group=lower-roman name="Hero"/><ref group=lower-roman name="Tiger"/><ref group=lower-roman name="Exh"/> Later in life Hart would often let his sons [[Bruce Hart (wrestler)|Bruce]] and [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]] handle the booking of the promotion.{{sfn|Pope|2005|p=213}}

On July 25, 1986, he wrestled his last match in a tag team match with his son, [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]] defeating [[The Honky Tonk Man|Honky Tonk Wayne]] and J.R. Foley at a Stampede Wrestling event in Calgary.<ref group=lower-roman>[https://www.wrestlingdata.com/index.php?befehl=shows&show=41458 Stampede Wrestling - July 25, 1986] at WrestlingData.com</ref>

===Post-retirement appearances (1991–2003)===
Hart made several appearances on WWE television in the 1990s and early 2000s. The majority of those appearances involved his sons, Bret and Owen Hart. A recurring staple of these appearances in the 1990s was that Stu and Helen would be verbally attacked by several of the commentators, mostly by [[Bobby Heenan]] and [[Jerry Lawler]], the latter of whom was in a long-running feud with Bret during this point in time.{{sfn|Hart, Martha|2004|p=20}}{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=236}}{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=329}} At the 1993 Pay-Per-View event [[Survivor Series (1993)|Survivor Series]], Stu had a planned physical interaction outside of the ring with [[Shawn Michaels]]. Michaels was involved in a match with Stu's sons, Bruce, Keith, Bret and Owen Hart. Michaels played the part of the antagonist, and when failing to succeed in winning the match, Michaels' character then attacked Stu who responded by pretending to knock him out with an elbow smash.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}} Michaels later stated that he was happy to take the hit as he considered it an honour.{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=334}}

Hart also appeared in [[WCW]] at the [[Slamboree (1993)|Slamboree 1993: A Legends' Reunion]] event.<ref group=lower-roman name="Hoops"/><ref group=lower-roman name="Slamb"/>

==As a trainer==
Hart trained the vast majority of his trainees in the basement of the Hart mansion, known as The Dungeon. Hart used the location from the time that he bought it in October 1951 until the late 1990s. All eight of his sons and many others such as [[Junkyard Dog]], [[Jushin Thunder Liger|Jushin Liger]],<ref  
group=lower-roman name="SI1"/> [[Superstar Billy Graham]] and [[The British Bulldog]] were educated there.<ref group=lower-roman name="Billy"/>{{sfn|Sullivan|2011|p=92}}

Hart's training technique, called "[[stretching (professional wrestling)|stretching]]" consisted of Hart putting his trainees in painful submission holds and holding on for a substantial time to improve their pain endurance to prepare them for the life of professional wrestling.{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=96}}<ref group=lower-roman name="Child"/>{{sfn|Backlund|2015|p=?}} Hart's technique was well known and he would let anyone who wished to let him apply one of his holds do so if they came to his home. Hart's son Bret once spoke about a well-known case where he stretched a priest, stating that his father wasn't prejudiced, since "he stretched a rabbi once too."{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=11}} Some of Hart's former students, including his son Bret, have mentioned that his stretching would sometimes result in broken blood vessels in the eyes,{{sfn|Davies|2002|p=15}}{{sfn|Johnson|2012|p=?}}{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=96}}{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=53}} something which others have attempted to learn from his father.{{sfn|Thunderheart|2014|p=14}}

Hart was said to have had a special liking for training football players and bodybuilders since he enjoyed testing their strength.{{sfn|Klein|2012|p=25}} Some have described his training as torture{{sfn|Hart, Martha|2004|p=29}} and have accused Hart of being a [[Sadism disorder|sadist]] who enjoyed inflicting pain on people and was more interested in doing so than teach them professional wrestling.{{sfn|Klein|2012|p=25}}{{sfn|Snowden|2012|p=?<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}{{sfn|Matysik|2005|p=48}}{{sfn|Erb|2002|p=136}}{{sfn|Graham|2007|p=?}}<ref group=lower-roman name="Shadows review"/>{{sfn|Kerekes|1994|p=18–20}}{{sfn|Muchnick|2009|p=?<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}{{sfn|Jericho|2008|p=?<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}{{sfn|Randazzo|2008|p=47}} Many who were close to Hart in his life have denied these claims.<ref group=lower-roman name="Shadows review"/>{{sfn|Erb|2002|p=137}}<ref group=lower-roman name="Real"/> Stu's seventh son [[Ross Hart|Ross]] has said that his father was always generous and compassionate with his children and others in person but added that he was different when training people, believing that there was no easy way to teach wrestling.{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=96}} His daughter-in-law [[Martha Hart|Martha]] has expressed in her book that she felt sure that Hart was well aware of his students' limits and never meant to actually harm any of them, stating that he was always careful not to apply too much pressure on any of his holds and intended more to scare them than maim them. Although she recalled several times when she thought she would pass out from the pain of the holds he had put on her, which he had meant as a playful gesture.{{sfn|Hart, Martha|2004|p=30}} She added that it was fair to say that he had never seriously hurt anyone physically, albeit he may have inadvertently done so mentally.{{sfn|Hart, Martha|2004|p=31}} Despite this, she also disclosed that her husband [[Owen Hart|Owen]] had long been scared of his father during childhood due to his fearsome reputation and hearing his brothers as well as other trainees' screams from the family's basement where Hart's training hall was located. This fear lingered into Owen's adolescence but ceased when he became an adult.{{sfn|Hart, Martha|2004|p=29}} Owen himself revealed in the 1998 documentary ''[[Hitman Hart: Wrestling with Shadows]]'' that he was often intimidated by his father but respected him and that that kept him from misbehaving. In the same documentary his third son [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]] explained that many may have believed his father to be a psychopath at first glance but that you had to know him intimately to understand that he wasn't anything like that beneath the surface. Wrestling manager [[Jim Cornette]] has theorized that his cruel upbringing and tough early development may have played a part in the seemingly contradictory behaviour from Hart, as both a dedicated family man and apparently sadistic tormentor of his students.<ref group=lower-roman name="Corn"/>

===Wrestlers trained===
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
*[[Abdullah the Butcher]]{{sfn|Davies|2002|p=19}}
*[[Allen Coage]]{{sfn|Hornbaker/Snuka|2012|p=??<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}
*[[Archie Gouldie]]{{sfn|Davies|2002|p=19}}
*[[Ben Bassarab]]<ref group=lower-roman name="Ben"/>
*[[Billy Jack Haynes]]<ref group=lower-roman name="WON1"/>
*[[Dean Hart]]
*[[Smith Hart]]
*[[Ross Hart]]
*[[Wayne Hart (wrestling)|Wayne Hart]]<ref group=lower-roman name="SH OWoW"/>
*[[Bret Hart]]{{sfn|Hart, Jimmy|2004|p=124}}{{Efn|Stu mainly trained Bret in amateur wrestling.{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2000|p=}}<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE1"/>}}
*[[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith Hart]]<ref group=lower-roman name="SH OWoW"/>
*[[Bruce Hart (wrestler)|Bruce Hart]]
*[[Owen Hart]]<ref group=lower-roman name="SH OWoW"/>
*[[Brian Pillman]]
*[[Chris Benoit]]<ref group=lower-roman name="Crip"/>
*[[Chris Jericho]]<ref group=lower-roman name="SK1"/>
*[[Yvon Durelle]]
*[[Christian Cage|Christian]]<ref group=lower-roman name="SH OWoW"/>
*[[Jesse Ventura]]<ref group=lower-roman name="PWOM2"/>
*[[Davey Boy Smith]]
*[[Davey Boy Smith Jr.|David Hart Smith]]
*[[Tyler Mane]]<ref group=lower-roman name="Caleb"/>
*[[Dynamite Kid]]
*[[Edge (wrestler)|Edge]]<ref group=lower-roman name="SH OWoW"/>
*[[Eduardo Miguel Perez]]
*[[Fritz Von Erich]]{{sfn|Toombs|2016|p=??}}
*[[Gama Singh]]
*[[Gene Anderson (wrestler)|Gene Anderson]]
*[[George Scott (wrestler)|George Scott]]
*[[Gorilla Monsoon]]{{sfn|Hornbaker/Snuka|2012|p=???<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}
*[[Greg Valentine]]
*[[The Honky Tonk Man]]
*[[Jake Roberts]]
*[[Jim Neidhart]]
*[[Jos LeDuc]]
*[[Junkyard Dog]]
*[[Jushin Thunder Liger]]<ref group=lower-roman name="Clev"/>
*[[Justin Credible]]
*[[Ken Shamrock]]
*[[Klondike Bill]]
*[[Lance Storm]]<ref group=lower-roman name="PWOM2"/>
*[[Larry Cameron]]
*[[Luther Lindsay]]{{sfn|Verrier|2017|p=106}}
*[[Hiro Hase]]{{sfn|Martin|2001|p=69}}
*[[Mark Henry]]
*[[Masahiro Chono]]
*[[Michael Majalahti]]
*[[Natalya Neidhart]]
*[[Nikolai Volkoff]]<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE2"/>
*[[Paul LeDuc (wrestler)|Paul LeDuc]]
*[[Reggie Parks]]
*[[Ricky Fuji]]<ref group=lower-roman name="Puro"/>
*[[Roddy Piper]]{{sfn|Hornbaker/Snuka|2012|p=????<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}{{sfn|Zawadzki|2001|p=175}}
*[[Sandy Scott]]
*[[Shinya Hashimoto]]
*[[Steve Blackman]]
*[[Superstar Billy Graham]]
*[[Tyson Kidd]]
*[[Tom Magee]]
*[[Ruffy Silverstein (Canadian wrestler)|Ruffy Silverstein]]
*[[Al Oeming]]
*[[Outback Jack (wrestler)|Outback Jack]]
{{div col end}}

==Personal life==
Hart was close friends with fellow wrestler Luther Jacob Goodall, better known by the name [[Luther Lindsay]]. Goodall was one of the few men who bested him in the infamous "[[Hart Dungeon|Dungeon]]" and Hart reportedly carried a picture of him in his wallet until his passing in 2003. Goodall's death in 1972 affected Hart tremendously. Hart's son Keith described them as being as close as brothers.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=66}} Hart was also a good friend of wrestling promoter [[Jack Pfefer]], whom he asked to be the godfather of his son [[Ross Hart|Ross]],{{sfn|Hornbaker|2007|p=252}} as well as [[Mayor of Calgary|Calgary Mayor]] [[Rod Sykes]]{{sfn|Marshall|2016|p=193}} and [[ice hockey]] player [[Brian Conacher]].{{sfn|Conacher|2013|p=173}} All of the wrestling belts that Hart used for his promotions were handmade by himself. Making championship belts was one of Hart's many domestic skills.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=15}}

Hart allegedly wrote the foreword to the controversial book ''[[Under the Mat]]''{{sfn|Hart, Diana|2001|p=1}} which was written by his youngest daughter, [[Diana Hart]]. His son Bret has questioned the legitimacy of it, and has stated that if Hart did write the foreword, his daughter probably did not let him read the book beforehand.{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=531}}<ref group=lower-roman name="LEW"/>

===Family===
{{Main|Hart wrestling family}}
Hart married a New Yorker, Helen Smith (born February 16, 1924 – died November 4, 2001), the daughter of Olympic marathon runner [[Harry Smith (athlete)|Harry Smith]] on December 31, 1947.<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM1"/> They were introduced through each other by [[Paul Boesch]].<ref group=lower-roman>{{Citation |title=Back To The Territories #03 {{!}} Lance Storm Calgary | date=March 31, 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w51DD1OxynM |access-date=2022-04-05}}</ref> Stu and Helen were married for over 53 years until Helen's death at the age of 77.

Stu and Helen raised their twelve children in the [[Hart House (Alberta)|Hart mansion]], [[Smith Hart|Smith]], [[Bruce Hart (wrestler)|Bruce]], [[Keith Hart (wrestler)|Keith]], [[Wayne Hart (wrestling)|Wayne]], [[Dean Hart|Dean]], Ellie, Georgia, [[Bret Hart|Bret]], Alison, [[Ross Hart|Ross]], [[Diana Hart|Diana]] and [[Owen Hart|Owen]]. Hart was a [[non-denominational Christian]], however, he had all his children baptized by a local Catholic priest.{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=329}} The couple have around thirty-six biological grandchildren and several great-grandchildren, three of whom, his oldest grandson [[Teddy Hart|Teddy Annis]]'s son Bradley and his oldest granddaughter Tobi McIvor's two oldest daughters Amanda and Jessica, were born during Hart's lifetime. [[Dynamite Kid|Tom]] and Michelle Billington's three children, Bronwyne, Marek and Amaris are also often included in the list of his grandchildren, therefore Bronwyne's daughter Miami is also often referred to as one of his great-grandchildren.{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=169}} Many of his grandchildren went on to become wrestlers or were otherwise involved in wrestling.{{sfn|Wall|2012|p=276}}

In 1949, Hart and his wife Helen who was pregnant with their second child, [[Bruce Hart (wrestler)|Bruce]] were in a car accident on their way home from a wrestling match, Hart was unscathed, although he did break the car's steering wheel on impact, however his wife Helen suffered several injuries and had to be held in a hospital for a long time, leading them to leaving their oldest child, [[Smith Hart|Smith]], with Helen's parents Elizabeth and [[Harry Smith (athlete)|Harry Smith]] for two years.{{sfn|Byfield|2002|p=236}}{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=37}}<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM2"/>

According to his son Ross, Hart was severely affected and badly aged by being bereaved of his youngest son Owen in 1999 and by becoming a widower in 2001.{{sfn|WON|2003|p=1}}

===Philanthropy===
Because of his extensive work as a coach and mentor to many young athletes as well as over thirty years of charitable work in his hometown, Stu Hart was appointed a Member of the [[Order of Canada]] on November 15, 2000.{{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=272}} He was honoured with an investiture on May 31, 2001, in Ottawa.{{sfn|Hart, Bruce|2011|p=?}}<ref group=lower-roman name="Patriarch dies"/><ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM3"/><ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM4"/>{{refn|group=Quote|name=second}}

==Death==
In May 2003, Hart had a life-threatening bout of [[pneumonia]], which saw him hospitalized at [[Rockyview General Hospital]], although Hart recovered later that month and returned to his residence at the [[Hart House (Alberta)|Hart House]].{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=541}} On October 3, 2003, Hart was readmitted to Rockyview General Hospital as a result of an elbow infection at which point he then developed [[pneumonia]] again.<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM5"/><ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM6"/><ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM7"/><ref group=lower-roman name="King dead"/> He also suffered from ailments associated with [[diabetes]] and [[arthritis]]. After a brief improvement in his health for a few days from October 11, he suffered a stroke on October 15, and died the following day. He was 88 years old.{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=545}}

Hart's funeral service was attended by approximately 1,000 people. He was cremated and his ashes were later interred at Eden Brook Memorial Gardens in a plot with his wife Helen, who had died almost two years earlier in November 2001.<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM8"/><ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM9"/>

==Legacy==
Hart is regarded by many as one of the most important and respected{{sfn|Randazzo|2008|p=30}} people in the [[history of professional wrestling]],{{sfn|Conacher|2013|p=173}}<ref group=lower-roman name="PWOM2"/>{{sfn|Hornbaker/Snuka|2012|p=?<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|author=Morrison, Mike |url=http://www.visitcalgary.com/maps-tools/inside-guide/5-unexpected-finds-glenbow-museum |title=5 Unexpected Finds at the Glenbow Museum |work= VisitCalgary.com|date=2015 |access-date= February 27, 2017 |publisher=[[Explore Calgary]]}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.wrestlingmuseum.com/pages/wrestlers/stuhart.html |title=Stu Hart |work=The Stories Behind the Stars |access-date=May 30, 2016 |publisher=Professional Wrestling Online Museum}}</ref>{{sfn|Keith|2008|p=26}}<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web |url=http://www.glenbow.org/mavericks/english/post/stu_hart.html |title=Mavericks: Stu Hart |website=Glenbow.org |access-date=May 25, 2017 |publisher=[[Glenbow Museum]] |archive-date=August 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802161316/https://www.glenbow.org/mavericks/english/post/stu_hart.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and an icon of the art.<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=https://www.oxygen.com/martinis-murder/bret-hart-wrestling-controversy-dark-side-of-the-ring|title=Who Is Bret Hart? The Sports Legend's Controversial Career Changed Wrestling|date=April 17, 2019|website=Oxygen Official Site}}</ref>

Sports journalist and wrestling historian [[Dave Meltzer]] described Hart's importance to the art of professional wrestling as indispensable{{sfn|WON|2003|p=1}} since his booking decisions and training of several key individuals affected the industry in significant ways. Meltzer describes people like [[Hulk Hogan]] and [[Jesse Ventura]] as people who were spawned by Harts actions and cites the [[Dynamite Kid]], [[Junkyard Dog]] and [[Billy Robinson]] as some who would probably not have had the careers they did if not for Hart. He also mentions [[Chris Benoit]] and [[Brian Pillman]] as individuals who would most certainly never even have become wrestlers were it not for Hart.{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=10}} Meltzer characterized Hart as the biggest territorial star in wrestling history to never win a major championship.{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=98}} Former wrestling [[Promoter (entertainment)|promoter]] and owner of the [[St. Louis Wrestling Club]] [[Larry Matysik]] described Hart as a Canadian icon.{{sfn|Matysik|2013|p=?<sup id="fn_1_back">[[#fn 1|1]]</sup>}}

Hart had a noticeable accent which included a very raspy voice{{sfn|Marshall|2016|p=193}} and unique way of speaking which he was well known for.  According to the ''[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]'', Hart is the most imitated man in professional wrestling,{{sfn|WON|2004|p=83}} with practically everyone in the industry having tried a Stu Hart impersonation.{{sfn|Berger|2010|p=54}}<ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stormwrestling.com/040607.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180128225237/http://www.stormwrestling.com/040607.html|archive-date=January 28, 2018|url-status=dead|title=StormWrestling.com - Commentary|website=www.stormwrestling.com|access-date=January 28, 2018}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.stormwrestling.com/040607.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180128225237/http://www.stormwrestling.com/040607.html|url-status=dead|title=StormWrestling.com - Commentary|date=January 28, 2018|archive-date=January 28, 2018|website=Archive.today|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>

WWE chairman [[Vince McMahon]] has lauded Hart as a trailblazer for the wrestling industry.<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/24/235537.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180128035813/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/24/235537.html|url-status=dead|title=CANOE -- SLAM! Sports - Wrestling - Honouring Stu|date=January 28, 2018|archive-date=January 28, 2018|website=Archive.today|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref> On March 27, 2010, Hart was posthumously inducted into the [[WWE Hall of Fame]].<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|author= BONNELL, Keith|url=https://vancouversun.com/entertainment/Bret+Hart+hits+ring+WrestleMania/2735466/story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331173232/http://www.vancouversun.com/entertainment/Bret+Hart+hits+ring+WrestleMania/2735466/story.html |archive-date=March 31, 2010 |title=Bret Hart hits the ring at WrestleMania |date= March 27, 2010|access-date=May 25, 2017 |publisher=[[The Vancouver Sun]]}}</ref>

In the [[Hart Legacy Wrestling]] promotion, controlled by Hart's relatives and their associates, there is a Stu Hart Heritage Title.<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|author=Rhodes, Ted|date=December 4, 2015|url=https://ottawacitizen.com/Hart+family+wrestlers+take+ring+Hopes+Ropes+charity+match/11569016/story.html|title=Hart family wrestlers to take to the ring in Hopes & Ropes charity match|publisher=[[Ottawa Citizen]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422054622/http://www.ottawacitizen.com/Hart+family+wrestlers+take+ring+Hopes+Ropes+charity+match/11569016/story.html|archive-date=April 22, 2016}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web |date=December 5, 2015 |url=https://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/hart-family-wrestlers-to-take-to-the-ring-in-hopes-ropes-charity-match |title=Wrestlers from Calgary's Hart family and Dungeon Discipline wrestling school are scheduled to take to the ring on Dec. 13 for the Hopes & Ropes charity match, put on by Hart Legacy |last=Rhodes |first=Ted |work=edmontonjournal |publisher=[[Edmonton Journal]] |access-date=May 25, 2017 }}</ref>

There is an annual juvenile amateur wrestling tournament named after Hart called the ''Stu Hart Tournament of Champions'' held in Canada.<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.wetaskiwintimes.com/2013/01/08/wetaskiwin-wrestlers-take-part-in-prestigious-meet|title=Wetaskiwin wrestlers take part in prestigious meet|website=Wetaskiwintimes.com|publisher=Wetaskiwin Times-Advertiser|date=January 8, 2013|author=Sarah O. Swenson|access-date=January 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902142136/http://www.wetaskiwintimes.com/2013/01/08/wetaskiwin-wrestlers-take-part-in-prestigious-meet|archive-date=September 2, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://albertaamateurwrestling.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/2014-2015-AAWA-Schedule.pdf |title=2014-2015-AAWA-Schedule|website=Albertaamateurwrestling.ca |access-date=May 25, 2017}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.oawa.ca/node/327 |title=Stu Hart Tournament of Champions (Calgary, Alberta) |website=Oawa.ca|publisher=Ontario Amateur Wrestling Association}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.saskwrestling.com/stu_hart_2003_results.htm|title= Stu Hart Tournament of Champions results|website=Saskwrestling.com |access-date= May 25, 2017|publisher=Saskatchewan Amateur Wrestling Association|archive-date=August 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802134852/http://www.saskwrestling.com/stu_hart_2003_results.htm|author=Staff|url-status=usurped|date=2003}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.cochranetimes.com/2014/01/09/wrestlers-show-why-theyre-the-best-in-japan |title=Wrestlers show why they're the best in Japan|website=Cochranetimes.com|date= January 9, 2014|archive-date=February 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202033036/http://www.cochranetimes.com/2014/01/09/wrestlers-show-why-theyre-the-best-in-japan|publisher=Cochrane Times|access-date=May 25, 2017|author=Price, Patrick}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.oawa.ca/sites/default/files/2014%20Team%20Ontario%20Stu%20Hart%20Trip%20Flyer%20%28Nov%2025%29_0.pdf|title=Stu Hart Wrestling Tournament : Canadian High School Dual Meet : Championships Crescent Heights HS Calgary, Alberta|date=January 2015|website=Oawa.ca|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theobserver.ca/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180108185332/http://www.theobserver.ca/2012/05/03/courtright-teen-to-wrestle-in-japan|archive-date=January 8, 2018|url-status=dead|title=Sarnia Observer|website=Sarnia Observer|access-date=October 20, 2020}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=https://www.teamusa.org/USA-Wrestling/Features/2015/January/02/USA-women-Cadets-win-Stu-Hart-Duals-in-Canada|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113031946/http://www.teamusa.org/USA-Wrestling/Features/2015/January/02/USA-women-Cadets-win-Stu-Hart-Duals-in-Canada|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 13, 2015|title=USA women win Stu Hart Cadet Duals in Canada|website=Teamusa.org|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=https://www.teamusa.org/USA-Wrestling/Features/2015/January/02/USA-women-Cadets-win-Stu-Hart-Duals-in-Canada|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180115104659/https://www.teamusa.org/USA-Wrestling/Features/2015/January/02/USA-women-Cadets-win-Stu-Hart-Duals-in-Canada|url-status=dead|title=USA women win Stu Hart Cadet Duals in Canada|date=January 15, 2018|archive-date=January 15, 2018|website=Archive.today|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite web|url=https://content.themat.com/results.php?page=display_results_style&ResultID=102377|title=TheMat.com - The Official Website of USA Wrestling|date=January 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117085942/https://content.themat.com/results.php?page=display_results_style&ResultID=102377|archive-date=January 17, 2015}}</ref>

In [[Saskatoon]]'s [[Blairmore Urban Centre, Saskatoon|Blairmore Urban Centre]] there is a road named Hart Road, in Stu Hart's honour.<ref group=lower-roman>[https://www.saskatoon.ca/sites/default/files/documents/community-services/planning-development/research/neighbourhood-profiles/blairmore_sc.pdf "Blairmore Suburban Centre"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413181724/https://www.saskatoon.ca/sites/default/files/documents/community-services/planning-development/research/neighbourhood-profiles/blairmore_sc.pdf |date=April 13, 2016 }}, City of Saskatoon website; accessed May 25, 2017.</ref>

In 2005 a documentary directed by Blake Norton, ''Surviving the Dungeon: The Legacy of Stu Hart'', was released.<ref group=lower-roman>[http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/information/dvds/surviving-the-dungeon/ "Surviving the Dungeon: The Legacy of Stu Hart".] Online World Of Wrestling' retrieved March 27, 2016.</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|author=Elliott, Brian |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2009/10/19/11448161.html |title=Surviving The Dungeon filmmaker's legacy as much as Stu Hart's |work= SLAM! Wrestling|date=November 4, 2009 |access-date= March 27, 2016|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]|archive-date=January 4, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180104163441/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2009/10/19/11448161.html}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|author=Elliott, Brian |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/Reviews/2009/10/15/11410926.html |title=Hart Dungeon DVD gives rough picture of Stu |work= SLAM! Wrestling|date= November 23, 2009|access-date=March 27, 2016 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]|archive-date=January 4, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180104163623/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/Reviews/2009/10/15/11410926.html}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>Powell, Jason (April 30, 2010). [http://www.prowrestling.net/artman/publish/miscnews/article10011658.shtml "Stu Hart documentary featuring interviews with Hart family members and WWE star David Hart Smith now available free online".] prowrestling.net. Retrieved March 27, 2016.</ref><ref group=lower-roman>Glazer, Pulse (May 10, 2010). [http://insidepulse.com/2010/05/10/wwe-hall-of-famer-stu-harts-documentary-surviving-the-dungeon-free-for-download "WWE Hall of Famer Stu Hart's Documentary 'Surviving the Dungeon'"], insidepulse.com; retrieved March 27, 2016.</ref><ref group=lower-roman>Johnson, Mike (April 30, 2010). [http://www.pwinsider.com/article/47185/wwe-releasing-2010-first-quarter-results-next-week-wwe-back-in-hbk-country-stu-hart-documentary-available-and-more.html? "WWE Releasing 2010 First Quarter Results Next Week, WWE Back in HBK Country, Stu Hart Documentary Available and More"], [[Pro Wrestling Insider]]; retrieved March 27, 2016.</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite web|url=http://www.blakenorton.com/thewrestlingdungeon/|title=Welcome to The Wrestling Dungeon|date=April 24, 2016|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424092737/http://www.blakenorton.com/thewrestlingdungeon/|archive-date=April 24, 2016}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bramptonguardian.com/community-story/3076178-wrestler-shows-real-hart-/|title=Wrestler shows real "Hart" &#124; BramptonGuardian.com|date=August 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823180023/https://www.bramptonguardian.com/community-story/3076178-wrestler-shows-real-hart-/|archive-date=August 23, 2018}}</ref>

As of 2005 Hart is part of a permanent exhibit at the [[Glenbow Museum]].<ref group=lower-roman>Hunt, Stephen (September 11, 2005). [https://calgaryherald.com/archive+first+published+sept+2005+hear+from+living+mavericks/3512516/story.html "Hear from living mavericks"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531190536/http://www.calgaryherald.com/archive+first+published+sept+2005+hear+from+living+mavericks/3512516/story.html |date=May 31, 2016 }}, ''[[Calgary Herald]]''; retrieved April 13, 2016.</ref> A [[Professional wrestling holds#Scissored armbar|scissored armbar]] wrestling hold is sometimes referred as a "Stu-Lock" in Hart's honour.<ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite news |archive-date=May 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517235149/https://www.pressreader.com/canada/calgary-herald/20070324/282505769146587 |url=https://www.pressreader.com/canada/calgary-herald/20070324/282505769146587 |title=Maverick voices |date=24 Mar 2007 |publisher=[[Calgary Herald]] |access-date=20 July 2023 |via=[[PressReader]] |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Championships and accomplishments==

===Amateur wrestling===
*'''City, Edmonton'''
** Edmonton City Middleweight Championship (1930){{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}}
*'''Provincial, Alberta'''
** Alberta Provincial Championship (1930){{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}}
*'''National, Canada'''
**Western Canada Championship{{sfn|Meltzer|2004|p=97}}
**Canadian National Wrestling Championship (1939){{sfn|McCoy|2007|p=23}}
*'''Dominion Amateur Wrestling'''
** Dominion Welterweight Championship (1937){{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}}
** Dominion Light Heavyweight Championship (1940){{sfn|Berger|2010|p=57}}
*'''[[Amateur Athletic Union of Canada]]'''
**Welterweight Championship (1937){{sfn|Berger|2010|p=57}}
*'''[[Alberta Sports Hall of Fame]]'''
** Class of 1980{{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}}<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=https://www.albertasportshallmembers.ca/profiles/141 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902170500/https://www.albertasportshallmembers.ca/profiles/141 |archive-date=September 2, 2024 |title=Stewart E. "Stu" Hart |work=[[Alberta Sports Hall of Fame]] |access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>
*'''[[National Wrestling Hall of Fame]]'''
** Class of 2008<ref group=lower-roman>[https://nwhof.org/blog/dg-inductees/stu-hart/ "Inductee: Stu Hart".] [[National Wrestling Hall of Fame]]. Retrieved May 27, 2017. https://archive.today/20180104172642/https://nwhof.org/blog/dg-inductees/stu-hart/</ref>

===Professional wrestling===
*'''[[Canadian Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame]]'''
** Class of 1980{{sfn|Mlazgar/Stoffel|2007|p=58}}
*'''Canadian Pro-Wrestling Hall of Fame'''
**Class of 2021<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cpwhof.cwnonline.ca/2021-class/|title=2021 Class|work=Canadian Pro-Wrestling Hall of Fame|access-date=November 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127164705/http://cpwhof.cwnonline.ca/2021-class/|archive-date=January 27, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
*'''[[Cauliflower Alley Club]]'''
**Iron Mike Mazurki Award ([[Cauliflower Alley Club#2001|2001]])<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://www.caulifloweralleyclub.org/list-of-cac-award-winners/|title=List of CAC Award Winners - Cauliflower Alley Club|website=Caulifloweralleyclub.org|access-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140413080042/http://www.caulifloweralleyclub.org/list-of-cac-award-winners/|archive-date=April 13, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*'''[[George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame]]'''
** Class of 2008<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2008/06/20/5935861.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723203235/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2008/06/20/5935861.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 23, 2017|title=Flood won't stop Tragos/Thesz HOF 'Super Weekend'|website=Slam! Wrestling|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]|last=Klingman|first=Kyle|date=June 20, 2008|access-date=November 6, 2018}}</ref>
*'''[[National Wrestling Alliance]]'''
**NWA Northwest Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Pat Meehan and Luigi Macera<ref group=lower-roman>[http://www.wrestling-titles.com/canada/bc/bc-nw-t.html "Northwest Tag Team Title (British Columbia)".] Puroresu Dojo. 2003.</ref>
*'''[[Pro Wrestling This Week]]'''
**Wrestler of the Week (August 1, 1987)<ref group=lower-roman>[[Joe Pedicino|Pedicino, Joe]]; [[Gordon Solie|Solie, Gordon]] (hosts) (August 1, 1987). "Pro Wrestling This Week". ''[[Superstars of Wrestling]]''. [[Atlanta, Georgia]]. Syndicated. [[WATL]].</ref>
*'''[[Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum|Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame]]'''
**Class of 2014<ref group=lower-roman>Caldwell, James (November 26, 2013). [http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/Other_News_4/article_74781.shtml "News: Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame announces 2014 HOF class"]. [[Pro Wrestling Torch]]; retrieved November 26, 2013.</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2014/05/17/21679306.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822065903/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2014/05/17/21679306.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 22, 2016|title=Masks and laughs story of Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame induction|website=Slam.canoe.com|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2014/05/17/21679306.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20160802095603/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2014/05/17/21679306.html|url-status=dead|title=CANOE -- SLAM! Sports - Wrestling - Masks and laughs story of Pro Wre…|date=August 2, 2016|archive-date=August 2, 2016|website=Archive.today|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>
*'''[[Stampede Wrestling]]'''
**[[Stampede Wrestling#Hall of Fame|Stampede Wrestling Hall of Fame]] (Class of 1995)<ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite episode |title=Stampede Wrestling Hall of Fame: 1948-1990 |series=Showdown at the Corral: A Tribute to Stu Hart |series-link=Stu Hart 50th Anniversary Show |first=Ed (host) |last=Whalen |network=[[Shaw Communications|Shaw Cable]] |station=[[CICT-DT|Calgary 7]] |date=December 15, 1995 |time=15:38}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>[http://www.wrestling-titles.com/canada/ab/hof.html "Stampede Wrestling Hall of Fame (1948–1990)"], Puroresu Dojo; retrieved November 26, 2013.</ref>
*'''[[WWE|World Wrestling Entertainment]]'''
**[[WWE Hall of Fame]] ([[WWE Hall of Fame (2010)|Class of 2010]])<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE Profile"/>
*'''[[World Championship Wrestling]]'''
**Lifetime Achievement Award{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=333}}{{sfn|Hart, Bret|2007|p=326}}
*'''''[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]'''''
**[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame]] (Class of 1996)<ref group=lower-roman>[http://www.pwi-online.com/pages/hallofame.html "Wrestling Observer Hall of Fame 1996 Inductees"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902094220/http://www.pwi-online.com/pages/hallofame.html |date=September 2, 2017 }}, pwi-online.com; accessed May 25, 2017.</ref><ref group=lower-roman name="POF"/>
*'''[[SLAM! Wrestling Canadian Hall of Fame|Canadian Wrestling Hall of Fame]]'''
**Individually<ref group=lower-roman name="C HoF"/>
**With the Hart family<ref group=lower-roman name="C HoF"/>
* '''[[Prairie Wrestling Alliance]]'''
** Prairie Wrestling Alliance Hall of Fame (Class of 2010)<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2010/06/15/14402076.html|archive-url= https://archive.today/20180116095112/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2010/06/15/14402076.html|archive-date =January 16, 2018|access-date =January 16, 2018 |title=Booker T enjoying life away from the spotlight|author=Clevette, Jason|date= June 16, 2010|work=[[SLAM! Wrestling]]|publisher=[[Canoe.com]]}}</ref><ref group=lower-roman>{{Cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2010/06/20/14458186.html|title=CANOE -- SLAM! Sports - Wrestling - Championship calibre matches make PWA Supercard|date=July 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170723073625/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2010/06/20/14458186.html|archive-date=July 23, 2017}}</ref>

==''Luchas de Apuestas'' record==
{{See also|Lucha libre#Luchas de Apuestas|l1=Luchas de Apuestas}}
{|class="wikitable sortable" width=100%  style="text-align: center"
!width=20% scope="col"|Winner (wager)
!width=20% scope="col"|Loser (wager)
!width=20% scope="col"|Location
!width=20% scope="col"|Event
!width=15% scope="col"|Date
!class="unsortable" width=5% scope="col"|Notes
|-
|Stu Hart (hair) || Towering Inferno (mask) || Calgary, Alberta || Stampede show || {{dts|1976|2|6}} ||<ref group=lower-roman>[http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/bios/h/hangman "Hangman"]. Online World Of Wrestling; retrieved May 6, 2016.</ref>
|}

==Accolades and recognitions==
===Honours and decorations===

[[File:CAN Order of Canada Member ribbon.svg|100px|center]]

{| class="wikitable"  style="margin: auto;"
|- style="background:silver;" align="center"
|Ribbon || Description || Notes
|-
|[[File:CAN Order of Canada Member ribbon.svg|40px]] || [[Order of Canada]] (CM) || 
* Member<ref group=lower-roman name="Patriarch dies"/>
* November 15, 2000<ref group=lower-roman name="Patriarch dies"/>
* {{Efn|Hart was inducted mainly for his charitable work, his impact in the professional wrestling industry and for contributing to the Calgary community by being a mentor and role model to many athletes, both inside and outside of the wrestling industry. '''See full quote:'''{{refn|group=Quote|name=second|Hart's citation reads;<blockquote>
As patriarch of Canada's first family of professional wrestling, he has made an important contribution to the sport for more than five decades. Founder of Stampede Wrestling and an icon of the golden era of wrestling, he has been coach and mentor to countless young athletes, imparting the highest standards of athleticism and personal conduct. A generous supporter of community life in Calgary, he is a loyal benefactor to more than thirty charitable and civic organizations including the Shriners' Hospital for Crippled Children and the Alberta Firefighters Toy Fund.<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|author=Hart, Bret |url=http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingBretHart/020124-sun.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413004236/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingBretHart/020124-sun.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 13, 2016 |title=Stu deserves huge honour |date=February 24, 2001 |access-date=May 25, 2017 |publisher=[[Calgary Sun]]|via=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref></blockquote>}}}}
|-
|}

===Awards and nominations===
* [[Western Legacy Awards]] (2012)<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web|author=Staff |url=http://corporate.calgarystampede.com/getting-involved/western-legacy-awards/100-years |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180130212437/http://corporate.calgarystampede.com/getting-involved/western-legacy-awards/100-years |archive-date=January 30, 2018 |title=100 Outstanding Albertans |date=2012 |access-date=January 30, 2018 |publisher=Calgarystampede.com}}</ref>
* [[Calgary Awards]] (Signature Award, 1999)<ref group=lower-roman>{{cite web |author=Staff |url=https://www.calgary.ca/CA/city-clerks/Documents/award_recipients/1999_recipients.pdf?noredirect=1 |title=1999 CALGARY AWARD RECIPIENTS |date=1999 |access-date=January 30, 2018 |publisher=Calgary.ca |archive-date=January 31, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131080857/https://www.calgary.ca/CA/city-clerks/Documents/award_recipients/1999_recipients.pdf?noredirect=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[The Hart Foundation]]
* [[The Hart Dynasty]]
* ''[[Hart & Soul]]''
* ''[[Hart Still Beating]]''
* [[Hart House (Alberta)|Hart House]]
* [[Stu Hart 50th Anniversary Show]]
* [[Stu Hart's 88th Birthday Celebration]]
* [[List of family relations in professional wrestling]]
{{div col end}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Canada|Sports|Olympics}}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

;Quotations
{{reflist|group="Quote"|30em}}

==References==
{{reflist|group=lower-roman|25em|refs =

<ref group=lower-roman name=Mavericks>{{cite web |url=http://www.glenbow.org/mavericks/english/post/stu_hart.html |title=Mavericks: Helen Hart |website=Glenbow.org |publisher=[[Glenbow Museum]] |access-date=April 10, 2016 |archive-date=August 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802161316/https://www.glenbow.org/mavericks/english/post/stu_hart.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE Profile">{{cite web |url=https://www.wwe.com/superstars/stuhart |title=Stu Hart's Hall of Fame profile |access-date=December 5, 2018 |website=WWE.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Stu Hart 1946">{{cite web|author=Oliver, Greg |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/16/228025.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818191750/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/16/228025.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 18, 2015 |title=Stu Hart, the wrestler, circa 1946|work= Slam! Wrestling|date=October 16, 2003|access-date=January 27, 2016 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Shadows review">{{cite web|author=Wood, Greg |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/sport-on-tv-the-sadist-the-loving-father-and-a-knockout-end-1124159.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/sport-on-tv-the-sadist-the-loving-father-and-a-knockout-end-1124159.html |archive-date=May 25, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=The sadist, the loving father and a knockout end |date= November 7, 1999|access-date=January 11, 2014|work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SH OWoW">{{cite web|url=http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/bios/s/stu-hart/ |title=Stu Hart Profile |access-date=February 20, 2010|publisher=Online World of Wrestling}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Patriarch dies">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/wrestling-patriarch-stu-hart-dies-1.369721 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140920095235/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/wrestling-patriarch-stu-hart-dies-1.369721 |archive-date=September 20, 2014 |title=Wrestling patriarch Stu Hart dies |date=October 17, 2003 |publisher=[[CBC News]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="King dead">{{cite web|author=BILL KAUFMANN and JIM WELLS |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/17/228809.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818191807/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/17/228809.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 18, 2015 |title=King of Harts dead |work=Slam! Wrestling |date= October 17, 2003 |access-date=January 27, 2015 |publisher=[[Calgary Sun]]|via=[[Canadian Online Explorer]] at Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="PWOM2">{{cite web|url= http://www.wrestlingmuseum.com/pages/wrestlers/stuhart2.html|title=Stu Hart |work=Photos and Bios |access-date=May 30, 2016 |publisher=Professional Wrestling Online Museum}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="POF">{{cite web|title=Stu Hart |first=Gary |last=Will |url=http://www.garywill.com/wrestling/canada/hart-s.htm |access-date=February 5, 2009 |publisher=Canadian Pro Wrestling Page of Fame |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220122713/http://www.garywill.com/wrestling/canada/hart-s.htm |archive-date=February 20, 2009 }}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="C HoF">{{cite web|author=Oliver, Greg |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/hallofame.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429003907/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/hallofame.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 29, 2015 |title=Canadian Wrestling Hall of Fame |work=SLAM! Wrestling |date=April 3, 2016 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]|via=Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name=Gallipoli>{{cite web|author= Gallipoli, Thomas M. |url=http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/Annual_Obituaries_39/article_24601.shtml#.Wal9XshJbIU |title=SPECIALIST: List of Deceased Wrestlers for 2001: Johnny Valentine, Terry Gordy, Chris Adams, Bertha Faye, Helen Hart |date=February 22, 2008|access-date=April 14, 2016|publisher=Pro Wrestling Torch}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="lasting legacy">{{cite web|author=Kaufmann, Bill |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/17/228807.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818191755/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/17/228807.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 18, 2015 |title=Stu Hart leaves lasting legacy |work=Slam! Wrestling |date=October 17, 2003 |quote=He will be remembered as generous friend, tough trainer, loving husband and dad|access-date=January 27, 2016 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name=Glenbow>{{cite web |url=http://www.glenbow.org/mavericks/english/post/stu_hart.html |title=Who is Stu Hart? |website=Glenbow.org |publisher=[[Glenbow Museum]] |access-date=April 10, 2016 |archive-date=August 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802161316/https://www.glenbow.org/mavericks/english/post/stu_hart.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="ashfm">{{cite web|url=http://ashfm.ca/absportslibrary/individual-sports/wrestling/biliography-abstracts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202192734/http://ashfm.ca/absportslibrary/individual-sports/wrestling/biliography-abstracts |archive-date=February 2, 2016 |title=Wrestling Bibliography Abstracts|work=ashfm.ca |publisher=Alberta Sports History Library}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Interview2">{{cite web|author=Oliver, Greg |url= http://www.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingArchive/hartstu_interview2.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180104165736/http://www.canoe.ca/SlamWrestlingArchive/hartstu_interview2.html |archive-date=January 4, 2018 |title=The Stu Hart Interview: Part 2|work= Slam! Wrestling|date=December 6, 1997|access-date=January 27, 2015 |url-status=usurped |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Football">{{cite web|url=http://www.canadianfootballresearch.ca/?p=144|title=The Football Team that History Forgot: 1941 Edmonton Eskimos - Canadian Football Research Society|website=www.canadianfootballresearch.ca|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Football2">{{cite web|url=http://www.canadianfootballresearch.ca/?p=144|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180202041517/http://www.canadianfootballresearch.ca/?p=144|url-status=dead|title=The Football Team that History Forgot: 1941 Edmonton Eskimos - Canadi…|date=February 2, 2018|archive-date=February 2, 2018|website=Archive.today|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Beta">{{cite web|author=Mouallem, Omar |url=https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/sports/al-oeming-nature-lover-and-wrestler-was-larger-than-life/article17910124/ |title= Al Oeming: Nature lover and wrestler was larger than life|work= theglobeandmail.com |date=April 9, 2014|access-date=May 25, 2017 |publisher=[[The Globe and Mail]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NP1">{{cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/154327200/|title=The News Journal from Wilmington, Delaware on August 2, 1946 · Page 12|website=Newspapers.com|date=August 2, 1946 }}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NPA">{{cite web|author=Staff|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/san-antonio-light-dec-07-1947-p-41/ |title= Pro Wrestling|work= Sports; Wrestling|date=December 7, 1947|page=41 |access-date=December 19, 2017|publisher=[[San Antonio Light]]|via=[[NewspaperARCHIVE]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NP2">{{cite web|author= Staff|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/34913390/ |title=TO SEE HOUGH MATCHES |work= Sports; Wrestling|date=December 15, 1949 |page= 4|access-date=December 19, 2017|publisher=The Herald from Billings|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NP3">{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/40515028/|title=The Winona Republican-Herald from Winona, Minnesota on November 10, 1950 · Page 13|website=Newspapers.com|date=November 10, 1950 |access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NP4">{{cite web|author=Staff|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/18514713/ |title= Stu Hart Drawing The Ladies To Rassle Shows|work= Sports; Wrestling|date=April 6, 1949 |page= 7|access-date=April 9, 2018|publisher=[[Independent Record]]|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NP5">{{cite web|author=Staff|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/18576337/ |title=Wrestling Will Open With Bang At Armory Arena Friday Night When Six Muscle Men Meet |work= Sports; Wrestling|date= September 28, 1949|page=9 |access-date=April 9, 2018|publisher=[[Independent Record]]|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NP6">{{cite web|author=Staff|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/10603367/|title= Gagne Hart to Headline Monday Wrestling Show|work= Sports; Wrestling|date=December 16, 1951|page= 22|access-date=December 19, 2017|publisher=[[La Crosse Tribune]]|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="NP7">{{cite web|author=Staff|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/10603835/ |title=Gagne, Hart Top Mat Card |work= Sports; Wrestling|date=December 17, 1951|page= 11|access-date=April 9, 2018|publisher=[[La Crosse Tribune]]|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Pin">{{cite web|url=http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-41-1237-6837/sports/prowrestling/clip3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040420055539/http://archives.cbc.ca/IDC-1-41-1237-6837/sports/prowrestling/clip3|archive-date=April 20, 2004|title=Stampede Wrestling gets pinned|date=January 10, 1990|publisher=[[CBC Television News]]|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Hero">{{cite web|author=Hart, Bret |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/Hitman/2004/04/17/426674.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308004200/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/Hitman/2004/04/17/426674.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 8, 2016 |title=Positive heroes key for kids |work=SLAM! Wrestling |date=April 17, 2004|access-date=March 5, 2016 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Tiger">{{cite web|url=http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHartsGallery/stu2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109064648/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHartsGallery/stu2.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 9, 2016 |title=Hart of a Tiger |work=SLAM! Wrestling |access-date=February 11, 2016 |publisher=[[Calgary Sun]]|via=[[Canadian Online Explorer]], aka Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Exh">{{cite web|author=Mihaly, John |url= http://www.infinitecore.ca/superstar/index.php?threadid=65395|title=Hart Exhibition |date=October 2009|page=3|access-date=May 13, 2016 |publisher=[[WWE Magazine]]|via=InfiniteCore.ca}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Hoops">{{cite web|author=Hoops, Brian |url= http://www.pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/The_Specialists_34/article_25708.shtml#.WamQnchJbIV|title=Nostalgia Review: WCW Slamboree 1993; Vader vs. Davey Boy Smith; Hollywood Blonds vs. Dos Hombres; Nick Bockwinkel vs. Dory Funk Jr. |work=THE SPECIALISTS |date=May 26, 2008 |access-date= January 28, 2016|publisher=[[Pro Wrestling Torch]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Slamb">{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/supercards/usa/wcw/slambore.html |title=Slamboree 1993 |access-date=January 28, 2016 |website=ProWrestlingHistory.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SI1">{{cite web|url=https://www.si.com/extra-mustard/2017/07/13/jushin-thunder-liger-monday-night-wars-chris-jericho|title=Five Questions with… Jushin Thunder Liger|website=Si.com|date=July 13, 2017 |access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Billy">{{cite web|url=http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/bios/b/billy-graham/ |title=Billy Graham profile |publisher=Online World of Wrestling}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Child">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/archives/entry/wrestler-bret-harts-childhood-memories |title=Wrestler Bret Hart's childhood memories |date=December 12, 2007 |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Real">{{cite web|url=http://www.prowrestling.net/artman/publish/bookreviews/article1003849.shtml |title=Bret Hart autobiography - My Real Life in the Cartoon World of Wrestling |date=December 11, 2008 |publisher=Prowrestling.net}}</ref>

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<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE1">{{cite web|url=http://www.wwe.com/inside/bret-hart-interview-stu-hart-dungeon|title=Exclusive interview: Bret Hart separates fact from fiction on who really trained in Stu Hart's Dungeon|website=Wwe.com|access-date=August 14, 2018}}</ref>

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<ref group=lower-roman name="SK1">Haldar, Prityush (October 2, 2016). [https://www.sportskeeda.com/wwe/wwe-news-chris-jericho-talks-about-learning-from-stu-hart "Chris Jericho talks about learning from Stu Hart"], [[Sportskeeda]]; retrieved February 14, 2017.</ref>

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<ref group=lower-roman name="WWE2">[http://www.wwe.com/superstars/halloffame/inductees/nikolaivolkoff/ "Nikolai Volkoff WWE Hall of Fame Profile"], WWE.com; retrieved March 30, 2011.</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="Puro">[http://www.puroresucentral.com/rfuji.html "Ricky Fuji Puroresu Central profile"], PuroresuCentral.com; retrieved February 15, 2017.</ref>

<!-- <ref group=lower-roman name="Helton">{{cite web|author=Altamura, Mike |url=http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingBiosH/helton_jason-can.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423092757/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingBiosH/helton_jason-can.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 23, 2015 |title=Jason Helton: Raising hell Down Under |date=August 16, 2001 |access-date=February 16, 2017 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref> -->

<ref group=lower-roman name="LEW">{{cite web|author= Hotton, Troy |url=http://www.inlewd.com/exclusives/reviews/books/dhart.shtml|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065737/http://www.inlewd.com/exclusives/reviews/books/dhart.shtml|archive-date=March 4, 2016 |title=Inlewd Book Review: Under The Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family  |url-status= usurped |access-date=May 25, 2017 }}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM1">{{cite web|author= Oliver, Greg|url=http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestling/harts.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822132939/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestling/harts.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 22, 2015 |title=The Hart Family |date=January 30, 2016 |access-date=January 31, 2016 |publisher=[[Canoe.com]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM2">{{cite web|author=Hart, Bret |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/04/30/76347.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410051327/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/04/30/76347.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 10, 2016 |title=Stu Hart, my dad, My Hero |work=Slam! Wrestling |date=April 30, 2003 |access-date=March 27, 2016 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM3">{{cite web|author=Sands, David |url= http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr18_klein-sun.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150818192132/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr18_klein-sun.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= August 18, 2015|title=Klein sends best wishes to Stu Hart |work=Slam! Wrestling |date= April 18, 2001|access-date= January 27, 2015|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM4">{{cite web|author=Bell, Rick |url=http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/harts_01jun01-sun.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818192202/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/harts_01jun01-sun.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 18, 2015 |title=Nation salutes legendary Stu |date=June 1, 2001 |access-date= January 27, 2015|publisher=[[Calgary Sun]]|via=Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM5">{{cite web|author=Maxwell, Cameron |url=http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr28_stu-sun.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818192147/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr28_stu-sun.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 18, 2015 |title= Hart may need pacemaker surgery|work=Slam! Wrestling |date=April 28, 2001 |access-date=January 27, 2015 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]|via=Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM6">{{cite web|author=Norton, Blake|url= http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr27_stu-can.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150818192142/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr27_stu-can.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= August 18, 2015|title=Stu Hart to undergo surgery |work=Slam! Wrestling |date= April 27, 2001|access-date=January 27, 2015 |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]|via=Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM7">{{cite web|url= http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr23_stu-sun.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150818192137/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingHarts/apr23_stu-sun.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= August 18, 2015|title=Hart-felt wishes inspire Stu|work=Slam! Wrestling |date= April 23, 2001|access-date=January 27, 2015 |publisher=[[Calgary Sun]]|via=[[Canadian Online Explorer]] at Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM8">{{cite web|author=Kaufmann, Bill|url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/17/228809.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818191807/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/17/228809.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 18, 2015 |title=Honouring Stu |date= October 24, 2003 |access-date= January 27, 2015|publisher=[[Calgary Sun]]|via=[[Canadian Online Explorer]] at Canoe.com}}</ref>

<ref group=lower-roman name="SLAM9">{{cite web|author= Clevett, Jason|url= http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/24/235645.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150818191842/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/24/235645.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= August 18, 2015|title=Friends and family celebrate Stu |work= SLAM! Wrestling|date=October 24, 2003 |access-date= May 25, 2017|publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]]}}</ref>

}}

===Citations===
{{Reflist|15em}}

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 |via=Google Books
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** {{cite book | ref = {{harvid|WON|2004}} | author = Meltzer, Dave | title = Wrestling Observer Newsletter, 2004 | publisher = [[Wrestling Observer]] | year = 2004 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jDtaAAAAYAAJ&q=Stu+Hart+toots | via = Google Books }}
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 | via = Google Books
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 |via=Internet Archive
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 |via=Google Books
 }}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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 |last1     = Waddell
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 |last2     = Taras
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 |title     = How Canadians Communicate V: Sports
 |publisher = [[Athabasca University Press]]
 |year      = 2016
 |url       = https://books.google.com/books?id=qma8CwAAQBAJ&q=How+Canadians+Communicate+V%3A+Sports
 |isbn      = 978-1771990073
 |via       = Google Books
}}
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 | first1 = Brian
 | last1 = Solomon
 | title = Pro Wrestling FAQ: All Thats Left to Know About the Worlds Most Entertaining Spectacle
 | publisher = [[Backbeat Books]]
 | year = 2015
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=A5DqCgAAQBAJ&q=Pro+Wrestling+FAQ%3A+All+Thats+Left+to+Know+About+the+Worlds+Most+Entertaining+Spectacle&pg=PT1
 | isbn = 978-1617135996
 | via = Google Books
 }}{{ref|a|a}}
{{refend}}

===Annotations===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Note|a||Some, or all versions of this book may lack [[page numbering]].}}
* {{Note|b||Diana Hart's book has been criticized as a highly biased work.}}
* {{Note|c||The 2005 edition does not include the chapters "Harts Go On" and "2007: The Third Generation and Wrestling's Darkest Day".}}
{{Refend}}

==Sources==
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
''{{larger|Film}}''
{{refbegin}}
# "''[[Surviving the Dungeon: The Legacy of Stu Hart]]''"
# "''[[Hitman Hart: Wrestling with Shadows]]''"
# "''[[Bret "Hit Man" Hart: The Best There Is, the Best There Was, the Best There Ever Will Be]]''"
# "''[[Bret Hart: Survival of the Hitman]]''"
{{refend}}
{{Col-break}}
''{{larger|Print}}''
{{refbegin}}
# "''[[Stu Hart: Lord of the Ring]]''"
# "''[[Bret "Hitman" Hart: The Best There Is, the Best There Was, the Best There Ever Will Be]]''"
# "''[[Under the Mat: Inside Wrestling's Greatest Family]]''"
# "''[[Pain and Passion: The History of Stampede Wrestling]]''"
# "''[[Hitman: My Real Life in the Cartoon World of Wrestling]]''"
# "''[[In the Pit With Piper: Roddy Gets Rowdy]]''"
# "''[[Rowdy: The Roddy Piper Story]]''"
# "''[[A Lion's Tale: Around the World in Spandex]]''"
# "''[[Straight from the Hart]]''"
{{refend}}
{{Col-break}}
''{{larger|Web}}''
{{refbegin}}
#"[[Canadian Online Explorer]]" <small>(formerly at ''Canoe.ca'', now ''Canoe.com'')</small>
#''[[Wrestling Observer Newsletter]]'' <small>(at ''f4wonline.com'')</small>
#''[[Pro Wrestling Torch]]'' <small>(at ''PWTorch.com'')</small>
#"[[Pro Wrestling Insider]]" <small>(at ''PWInsider.com'')</small>
{{refend}}
{{Col-break}}
{{col-end}}

==Further reading==
===Books===
* {{Cite book|title=Hart Strings|author=Hart, Julie|publisher=Tightrope Books|year=2013|isbn=978-1926639635}}
* {{Cite book|title=Pure Dynamite: The Price You Pay for Wrestling Stardom|author1=Billington, Tom|author2=Coleman, Alison|publisher= Winding Stair Press|year=2001|isbn=1-55366-084-6}}

===Articles===
* {{Citation |last=art |first=Bret |title=Heart of gold lies beneath gruff exterior |newspaper=Calgary Sun |date=May 6, 2000 |url=http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingBretHart/hart_00may6.html |via=Canoe.com |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20160413004301/http://slam.canoe.com/SlamWrestlingBretHart/hart_00may6.html |archive-date=April 13, 2016}}
* {{Citation |last=Clevett|first=Jason |title=Walk of Fame shuns Stu Hart: Famous patriarch not chosen for 2005 despite campaign |publisher=[[Canadian Online Explorer]] |date=March 9, 2005 |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2005/03/09/955380.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818191902/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2005/03/09/955380.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 18, 2015 |work=SLAM! Wrestling}}
* {{usurped|1=[https://archive.today/20031103053554/http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2003/10/16/227960.html Canadian wrestling patriarch Stu Hart dies]}} – By Judy Monchuk – [[The Canadian Press]]
* {{Citation |author=Montoro, Angel G. |archive-date=April 10, 2018 |archive-url =https://archive.today/20180410091854/https://www.solowrestling.com/new/9464-stu-hart-una-leyenda-canadiense |title=Stu Hart : Una leyenda canadiense |work=[[SoloWrestling]] |date=September 18, 2009 |url=https://www.solowrestling.com/new/9464-stu-hart-una-leyenda-canadiense |language=es |url-status=dead }}
* [https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/64013978/ The Lethbridge Herald from Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada on January 10, 1953 · Page 7]
* [https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/155349563/ The Morning News from Wilmington, Delaware on April 9, 1947 · 17]
* [https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/114562549/ Poughkeepsie Journal from Poughkeepsie, New York on April 20, 1947 · Page 14]

==External links==
{{Sister project links|voy=no|wikt=no|b=no|q=Stu Hart|s=no|commons=Stu Hart|n=no|v=no|d=Q707440}}
* {{Professional wrestling profiles}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0366534|name=Stu Hart}}
* {{Find a Grave|id=8006658|name=Stu Hart}}
* [http://www.wwe.com/superstars/stuhart WWE Hall of Fame profile] at [[WWE.com]]
* [http://archive.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=6937 Order of Canada: Stewart Edward Hart, C.M.], at ''archive.gg.ca'' by [[Governor General of Canada]]

{{Stu Hart}}
{{HartFamily}}
{{StampedeWrestling}}
{{WWE Hall of Fame}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hart, Stu}}
[[Category:Stu Hart| ]]
[[Category:1915 births]]
[[Category:2003 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century male professional wrestlers]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian professional wrestlers]]
[[Category:20th-century Canadian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Alberta Sports Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Canadian military personnel from Saskatchewan]]
[[Category:Canadian male professional wrestlers]]
[[Category:Canadian people of English descent]]
[[Category:Canadian people of Ulster-Scottish descent]]
[[Category:Canadian catch wrestlers]]
[[Category:Deaths from diabetes in Canada]]
[[Category:Edmonton Elks players]]
[[Category:Hart family (professional wrestling)]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of Canada]]
[[Category:Players of Canadian football from Alberta]]
[[Category:Players of Canadian football from Saskatchewan]]
[[Category:Professional wrestlers from Saskatchewan]]
[[Category:Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum]]
[[Category:Canadian professional wrestling trainers]]
[[Category:Professional wrestling promoters]]
[[Category:Professional wrestling managers and valets]]
[[Category:Royal Canadian Navy personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Saskatoon]]
[[Category:Stampede Wrestling alumni]]
[[Category:WWE Hall of Fame inductees]]