View source for Syburi

{{Short description|Malay state of Kedah during Thai occupation in World War II}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
|native_name = ไทรบุรี
|conventional_long_name = Saiburi (Syburi)
|common_name            = Syburi 
|subdivision            = [[Changwat|Province]]
|nation                 = Thailand
|year_start             = 1943
|year_end               = 1945
|date_start             = 18 Oct 1943
|date_end               = 2 Sep 1945
|event_start            = [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] hands over [[Kedah]] to [[Thailand]]
|event_end              = Thailand returns annexed territories to [[United Kingdom]]
|p1                     = Japanese occupation of Malaya
|flag_p1                = Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg
|s1                     = British Military Administration (Malaya)
|flag_s1                = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg
|image_flag             =  Flag of Thailand.svg
|flag_type              =
|image_coat             = Coat of arms of Kedah.svg
|symbol_type            = Coat of arms<ref>{{cite web |title=THAILAND 1944 OCCUPATION OF MALAYA KEDAH, 'SYBURI' 10C |url=https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/thailand-1944-occupation-malaya-kedah-167896996 |access-date=2 September 2021}}</ref>
| anthem                 = Phleng Chat Thai<br>[[File:Phleng Chat Thai (FAD Orchestra) - Rabbit Gramophone record N.123 (Short version).ogg]]
|symbol                 = Flag and coat of arms of Kedah
|image_map              = Map of Siam (territorial cessions).svg
|image_map_caption      = [[Map of Thailand's territorial losses]], used as a justification for the [[annexation]]
|capital                = [[Alor Setar]]
|today                  = [[Malaysia]]
}}

'''Syburi''' ({{langx|th|ไทรบุรี}};<ref>{{cite journal|journal=ราชกิจจานุเบกษา|volume=118|issue=ตอนพิเศษ 117ง|pages=2|title=ประกาศราชบัณฑิตยสถาน เรื่อง กำหนดชื่อประเทศ ดินแดน เขตการปกครอง และเมืองหลวง (พ.ศ. 2544) |url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2544/E/117/2.PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091128061223/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2544/E/117/2.PDF|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 28, 2009|date=26 November 2001 |language=Thai}}</ref> {{RTGS|''Sai Buri''}}, meaning "City of the [[Banyan]]") is the name for the [[Malay states|Malay state]] of [[Kedah]] returned to Thailand when the Japanese occupied [[British Malaya]] during [[World War II]].

==History==
{{main|Sirat Malai}}
{{see also|Japanese occupation of Malaya#Thai annexation of northern Malay states}}
[[File:Siam 1900 V2.png|thumb|Map of Syburi as a province in 1900<ref>{{Citation|last=Timtsunami8|title=English: An updated version of the map|date=2020-08-31|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_fix.png|access-date=2021-06-21}}</ref>]]
General [[Plaek Phibunsongkhram]] signed a secret agreement with the [[Empire of Japan]] on 14 December 1941 and  committed the [[Thai armed forces]] to participate in the planned [[Malayan Campaign]] and [[Burma Campaign]]. An alliance between Thailand and Japan was formally signed on 21 December 1941. On 25 January 1942, the Thai government,  believing the Allies beaten, declared war on the United States and the United Kingdom. As a reward for entering into a military alliance with the Japanese, the latter agreed to return to Thailand the four Malayan provinces ceded to the British in 1909, [[Kedah]], [[Perlis]], [[Kelantan]], and [[Terengganu]], as well as parts of [[Shan State]] in [[British Burma]].<ref>[http://2bangkokforum.com/archive/index.php/t-922.html Thailand in Malaya] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20140828064225/http://2bangkokforum.com/archive/index.php/t-922.html |date=2014-08-28 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=สงครามมหาเอเซียบูรพา - จากวันวีรไทย ถึง วันประกาศสงคราม |work=samphan |publisher=I See History dot com |url=http://iseehistory.socita.com/index.php?lay=show&ac=article&Id=538711078&Ntype=1 |date=September 2009 |accessdate=8 August 2010 |archive-date=25 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225014154/http://iseehistory.socita.com/index.php?lay=show&ac=article&Id=538711078&Ntype=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In July 1943, Japanese Prime Minister [[Hideki Tojo]] announced that Kedah (along with [[Perlis]], [[Kelantan]] and [[Terengganu]]) were to be returned to Thailand as part of the military alliance signed between Thailand and Japan on 21 December 1941. 

From 18 October 1943 until the surrender of the Japanese at the end of the war, Kelantan, Terengganu, Kedah and Perlis were under Thai administration. On 2 September 1945, Kedah and the three other states were returned to the British.

People from Syburi have interacted with people from Phuket and Nakhon Si Thammarat and the result has been a number of marriages between Buddhists and Muslims.<ref>Gavin W. Jones, Chee Heng Leng, Maznah Mohamad eds. ''Muslim-Non-Muslim Marriage: Political and Cultural Contestations in Southeast Asia''. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2009. p. 197</ref>

==Administration==
Administrative services were carried out by Thai civil servants who were under military supervision. The Japanese authorities retained a great degree of control.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140903140749/http://2bangkokforum.com/showthread.php?922-Saiburi-Samuk&s=5d71e61ccb8a0af8e9e664bc608766a3 Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd. Isa Othman ''The Second World War and the Japanese Invasion of Kedah'']</ref>

===Japanese Governors=== 
*1941 – Mar 1942            Ojama
*Mar 1942 – Oct 1943        Sukegawa Seiji (Seichi)
===Thai Military Commissioner===
*Oct 1943 – 1945?           Pramote Chong Charoen
===Thai General-Commissioners=== 
Administering Kedah, [[Kelantan]] and [[Terengganu]]:<ref>[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Malay_states.htm Malay States]</ref> 
*20 Aug 1943 – Oct 1943     Kamol Saraphaisariddhikan Chotikasathion
*Oct 1943 – 1945?           Chierlah Kamol Sribhaasairadhikavan Josikasarthien

==Documents==
{|
|- valign="top"
|[[File:Syburi birth registration form.jpg|left|thumb|Registration of birth]]
|}
==See also==
*[[Japanese occupation of Malaya]]
*[[Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909]]
*[[Burney Treaty]]
* [[Thailand in World War II]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*[http://2bangkokforum.com/showthread.php?922-Saiburi-Samuk Saiburi Samuk]
{{Former provinces of Thailand}}
{{coord|6|7|N|100|21|E|region:SEAsia_type:landmark_source:kolossus-svwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:History of Kedah]]
[[Category:Social history of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Military history of Thailand]]
[[Category:Former countries in Malaysian history]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1943]]
[[Category:Former provinces of Thailand]]
[[Category:British Malaya in World War II]]
[[Category:1940s in Thailand]]