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{{Short description|Indian multinational technology company}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Tata Consultancy Services Limited
| logo = Tata Consultancy Services.svg
| logo_size = 
| logo_alt = TCS Logo
| image = File:TCS SIPCOT Building.jpg
| image_size = 
| image_alt = TCS SIPCOT Office
| image_caption = A TCS campus at [[SIPCOT IT Park|SIPCOT]], [[Chennai]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{Unbulleted list|{{BSE|532540}}|{{NSE|TCS}}|[[BSE SENSEX]] constituent|[[NIFTY 50|NSE NIFTY 50]] constituent}}
| ISIN = {{ISIN|sl=n|pl=y|INE467B01029}}
| industry = [[Information technology]]<br>[[Consulting]]<br>[[Outsourcing]]
| founder = [[J. R. D. Tata]]
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = [[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]]<br>{{small|(Chairman)}}<br/>K. Krithivasan<br>{{small|([[Managing director|MD]] & [[CEO]])}}
| services = 
| revenue = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|259286|c}}
| revenue_year = 2025
| operating_income = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|65331|c}}
| income_year = 2025
| net_income = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|48797|c}}
| net_income_year = 2025
| assets = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|159629|c}}
| assets_year = 2025
| equity = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|95771|c}}
| equity_year = 2025
| num_employees = 593,314 (September 2025)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mukherjee |first1=Anubhav |title=TCS layoffs: Headcount falls by nearly 20,000 amid restructuring, NITES accuses IT major of downplaying number  |url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/tcs-q2-results-it-majors-headcount-falls-by-nearly-20-000-nites-accuses-company-of-downplaying-layoffs-11760028238100.html |access-date=12 October 2025 |work=Mint |date=9 October 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
| parent = [[Tata Group]]
| owner = [[Tata Sons]] (71.74%)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Agarwal |first1=Nikhil |title=Tata Sons confirms selling 2.34 crore shares of TCS in block deal |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/tata-sons-confirms-selling-2-34-crore-shares-of-tcs-in-block-deal/articleshow/108670045.cms |access-date=13 September 2024 |work=The Economic Times |date=21 March 2024 |archive-date=13 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913141012/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/tata-sons-confirms-selling-2-34-crore-shares-of-tcs-in-block-deal/articleshow/108670045.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
| subsid = {{Unbulleted list|[[TRDDC]]}}
| foundation = {{start date and age|df=yes|1968}}
| location = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| homepage = {{URL|https://www.tcs.com/}}
| footnotes = Financials {{as of|2025|03|31|lc=y|df=yes}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Financial Results for the year ended March 31, 2025 |url=https://www.bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachLive/b4f79e26-cd44-44a9-917f-0a161da49bd5.pdf |website=BSE |publisher=Tata Consultancy Services |access-date=11 April 2025}}</ref>
}} 
'''Tata Consultancy Services''' ('''TCS''') is an Indian [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[technology company]] specializing in [[information technology]] services and [[consulting]]. Headquartered in [[Mumbai]], it is a part of the [[Tata Group]] and operates in 150 locations across 46 countries.<ref name="TCS2024">{{cite web|url=https://www.tcs.com/about-tcs/company-profile|title=Company Profile|publisher=Tata Consultancy Services|access-date=16 August 2024}}</ref> As of 2024, [[Tata Sons]] owned 71.74% of TCS, and close to 80% of Tata Sons' [[dividend]] income came from TCS.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tata Sons repays Rs 20,000-crore debt to 'avoid' going public: Reduces stake in TCS and more |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/technology/tech-news/tata-sons-repays-rs-20000-crore-debt-to-avoid-going-public-reduces-stake-in-tcs-and-more/articleshow/113071511.cms |access-date=13 September 2024 |work=The Times of India |date=7 September 2024 |archive-date=13 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913030936/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/technology/tech-news/tata-sons-repays-rs-20000-crore-debt-to-avoid-going-public-reduces-stake-in-tcs-and-more/articleshow/113071511.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

TCS ranked seventh on the [[Fortune India 500|''Fortune'' India 500]] list for 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fortuneindia.com/fortune-500/company-list/tata-consultancy-services?year=2024|title=Tata Consultancy Services - Fortune 500 List 2024 - Fortune India|website=www.fortuneindia.com|access-date=16 August 2024}}</ref> In September 2021, TCS recorded a [[market capitalization]] of US$200 billion, becoming the first Indian IT company to achieve this valuation.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tcs-2nd-indian-co-to-hit-200bn-mcap-after-ril/articleshow/86245377.cms|title=TCS 2nd Indian company to hit $200 billion mcap after RIL|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=16 September 2021|archive-date=20 November 2022|access-date=20 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120134652/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tcs-2nd-indian-co-to-hit-200bn-mcap-after-ril/articleshow/86245377.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/tcs-market-capitalisation-hits-200-billion-as-shares-jump-to-fresh-highs-2542286|title=TCS Market Capitalization Hits $200 Billion As Shares Jump To Fresh Highs|date=15 September 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/information-tech/tcs-first-indian-tech-company-to-cross-200-billion-market-cap/articleshow/86232295.cms |title=TCS first Indian tech company to cross $200 billion market cap |newspaper=The Economic Times |date=15 September 2021 |last1=Krishnan |first1=Raghu |archive-date=15 October 2022 |access-date=29 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015020910/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/information-tech/tcs-first-indian-tech-company-to-cross-200-billion-market-cap/articleshow/86232295.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2012, it was the world's second-largest user of U.S. [[H-1B visas]].<ref name=CW2013>{{cite web |url=https://www.computerworld.com/article/1528496/technology-law-regulation-the-data-shows-top-h-1b-users-are-offshore-outsourcers.html |title=The data shows: Top H-1B users are offshore outsourcers |publisher=ComputerWorld |date=14 February 2013 |access-date=8 September 2013 |archive-date=8 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408162744/https://www.computerworld.com/article/1528496/technology-law-regulation-the-data-shows-top-h-1b-users-are-offshore-outsourcers.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== History ==
=== 1968–2000 ===
[[File:Tata Consultancy Services - Ring Road Sector V - Salt Lake City - Kolkata 2017-06-21 2869.JPG|thumb|TCS Delta Park in [[Salt Lake Sector-V]], [[Kolkata metropolitan area|Greater Kolkata]]]]
Tata Consultancy Services Limited, originally known as Tata Computer Systems, was established in 1968 by [[Tata Sons|Tata Sons Limited]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tcs.com/about/corp_facts/Pages/default.aspx |title=Corporate Facts |publisher=TCS |access-date=3 September 2013 |archive-date=5 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905192819/http://www.tcs.com/about/corp_facts/Pages/default.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> The company's initial contracts involved providing [[punched card]] services to its sister company TISCO (now [[Tata Steel]]), developing an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the [[Central Bank of India]],<ref name="ICMR">{{cite web |url=http://www.icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20Strategy2/Tata%20Consultancy%20Services%20Limited%20The%20Pioneer%20in%20the%20Indian%20IT%20Industry.htm |title=Tata Consultancy Services Limited: The Pioneer in the Indian IT Industry |work=Case Study |publisher=ICMR |date=1 January 1990 |access-date=8 September 2013 |archive-date=27 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927060443/http://www.icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20Strategy2/Tata%20Consultancy%20Services%20Limited%20The%20Pioneer%20in%20the%20Indian%20IT%20Industry.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and offering bureau services to the [[Unit Trust of India]].

In 1975, TCS implemented an electronic depository and trading system named SECOM for [[Switzerland|Swiss]] company SIS SegaInterSettle. It also developed System X for the Canadian Depository System and automated the [[Johannesburg Stock Exchange]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/archive.html?siteSect=883&sid=957178&ty=st |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912080537/http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/archive.html?siteSect=883&sid=957178&ty=st |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 September 2012 |title=Indian software keeps Swiss securities safe |publisher=Swissinfo.com |date=14 January 2002}}</ref> TCS also partnered with the Swiss firm TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/tcs-acquires-swiss-firm-tksteknosoft/182435/ |title=TCS acquires TKS Teknosoft |work=The Financial Express |date=11 January 2006 |access-date=16 February 2009 |archive-date=28 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228050802/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/tcs-acquires-swiss-firm-tksteknosoft/182435 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1980, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development center, the [[Tata Research Development and Design Centre]] (TRDDC), located in [[Pune]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kanavi |first=Shivanand |title=Megasoft |journal=Business India |pages=46–54 |date=20 June 2004}}</ref> The following year, it created India's first client-dedicated [[offshore development centre]], established for [[Tandem Computers|Tandem]].

Anticipating the [[Year 2000 problem|Y2K bug]] and the introduction of the unified European currency ([[Euro]]), Tata Consultancy Services developed a factory model for Y2K conversion. The company also created [[software tools]] to automate the conversion process and facilitate implementation by third-party developers and clients.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dqindia.ciol.com/content/top_stories/2004/104122201.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080128103009/http://dqindia.ciol.com/content/top_stories/2004/104122201.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 January 2008 |title=IT Man of the Year: Standing Tall |work=Cover Story |publisher=Dataquest India |date=22 December 2004}}</ref> In late 1999, TCS introduced [[Decision support system|Decision Support System]] (DSS) solutions to the domestic market.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/fe/daily/19981209/34355174p.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180114184639/http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/fe/daily/19981209/34355174p.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 January 2018 |title=Financial Express: Tata Consultancy likely to offer decision-support solutions |website=expressindia.indianexpress.com |access-date=14 January 2018}}</ref> In 1999, the company also registered its first tagline, "Beyond the Obvious."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.startupwala.com/trademarks-registration/search-MUMBAI-TCS.-BEYOND-THE-OBVIOUS-890410 |title=Statupwala – TCS. Beyond the Obvious |website=www.startupwala.com |access-date=2022-06-16 |archive-date=16 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716043004/https://www.startupwala.com/trademarks-registration/search-MUMBAI-TCS.-BEYOND-THE-OBVIOUS-890410 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/-no-one-ever-wrote-a-book-about-tcs-111091700058_1.html |title=Business Standard – 'No one ever wrote a book about TCS' |newspaper=Business Standard India |date=17 September 2011 |access-date=2022-06-16 |archive-date=16 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616110549/https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/-no-one-ever-wrote-a-book-about-tcs-111091700058_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== 2001–2019 ===
In 2001, TCS entered the [[bioinformatics]] segment,<ref>{{cite news |title=Tcs Enters Into Bio-Informatics |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tcs-enters-into-bio-informatics-101082801060_1.html |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=Business Standard |date=28 August 2001}}</ref> and three years later, launched India's first [[bioinformatics]] product.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.expresscomputeronline.com/20040802/indianews03.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040816185800/http://www.expresscomputeronline.com/20040802/indianews03.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 August 2004 |title=TCS launches the country's first bioinformatics product |work=The Indian Express |date=8 February 2004 }}</ref>

In 2003, TCS became the first Indian IT company to record $1 billion in revenue.<ref>{{cite news |title=TCS is India's first billion-dollar IT major |url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2003/jun/20tcs.htm |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=Rediff.com |date=20 June 2003 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126004304/https://www.rediff.com/money/2003/jun/20tcs.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> On 25 August 2004, TCS became a [[Public company|publicly listed company]] after its [[initial public offering]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/with-100-billion-m-cap-tcs-is-an-outlier/articleshow/63891810.cms|title=With $100 billion m-cap, TCS is an outlier|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=24 April 2018|archive-date=22 November 2022|access-date=24 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122123641/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/with-100-billion-m-cap-tcs-is-an-outlier/articleshow/63891810.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/06/15/stories/2004061502001000.htm |title=Star Performer Goes Public |work=Editorial |publisher=The Hindu |date=14 June 2004 |location=Chennai, India |access-date=13 February 2009 |archive-date=18 June 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040618043309/http://www.hindu.com/2004/06/15/stories/2004061502001000.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In July 2005, Tata Infotech, which was until then a different IT subsidiary of [[Tata Sons]], merged with TCS in a [[stock swap]] deal.<ref name="til">{{cite news |title=Tata Infotech merges with TCS at 2:1 swap |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tata-infotech-merges-with-tcs-at-2-1-swap-105071601001_1.html |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=Business Standard |date=16 July 2005 |archive-date=16 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816044039/http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tata-infotech-merges-with-tcs-at-2-1-swap-105071601001_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Later that year, TCS changed its tagline from "Beyond the Obvious" to "Experience Certainty".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.in/advertising/brands/article/tcs-cmo-shares-all-the-work-behind-the-software-giants-new-look/articleshow/81763624.cms |title=Business Insider India – 10 months, 100 clients, and last minute course corrections — TCS CMO shares all the work behind the software giant's new look |website=www.businessinsider.in |access-date=2022-06-16}}</ref>

In 2006, TCS developed an [[Enterprise Resource Planning|ERP]] system for the [[Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://egovonline.net/interview/interview-details.asp?interviewid=808 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927011559/http://egovonline.net/interview/interview-details.asp?interviewid=808 |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 September 2011 |title=ICT helps IRCTC book 3.5 lakh e-Tickets in a day |work=E-GovOnline.net |date=11 July 2011}}</ref> By 2008, its e-business operations were generating over US$500 million in annual revenue.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kanavi |first=Shivanand |title=Megasoft |journal=Business India |page=52 |date=20 June 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com |title=Eye on future, TCS in revamp mode |work=Hindustan Times |date=12 February 2008}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

In 2011, TCS entered the [[small and medium enterprises]] market with [[cloud computing|cloud]]-based solutions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2011/02/15/245449/TCS-targets-SME-market-with-cloud-computing.htm |title=TCS targets SME market with cloud computing |work=Computer Weekly |date=15 February 2011 |access-date=31 March 2011 |archive-date=17 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917005503/http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2011/02/15/245449/TCS-targets-SME-market-with-cloud-computing.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> On the final trading day of 2011, it surpassed [[Reliance Industries Limited|RIL]] to achieve the highest market capitalization of any India-based company.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/tcs-overtakes-ril-as-countrys-most-valued-firm_641999.html |title=TCS overtakes RIL as country's most valued firm – PTI |publisher=Moneycontrol.com |date=30 December 2011 |access-date=3 September 2013 |archive-date=5 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605104607/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/tcs-overtakes-ril-as-countrys-most-valued-firm_641999.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 2011–12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues exceeding US$10 billion for the first time.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/technology/tcs-beats-10-bn-revenue-mark-in-fy12-112042400081_1.html |title=TCS beats $10-bn revenue mark in FY12 |newspaper=Business Standard |date=24 April 2012 |access-date=3 September 2013 |archive-date=16 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716043005/https://www.business-standard.com/article/technology/tcs-beats-10-bn-revenue-mark-in-fy12-112042400081_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract valued at over {{INRConvert|11|b}} to provide services to the Indian [[Indian Postal Service|Department of Posts]].<ref>[http://www.tcs.com/news_events/press_releases/Pages/Department-Posts-Core-System-Integrator-project-TCS.aspx TCS News & Events: Press Release: Department of Posts Awards Core System Integrator project to TCS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209193000/http://www.tcs.com/news_events/press_releases/Pages/Department-Posts-Core-System-Integrator-project-TCS.aspx |date=9 February 2017 }}. TCS.com. Retrieved 6 December 2013.</ref> In 2013, the company moved from 13th to 10th place on the list of global IT services companies by revenue.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/TCS-joins-top-10-global-IT-services-companies-club/articleshow/34067479.cms|title=TCS joins top 10 global IT services companies club|work=The Times of India|access-date=2 July 2015|archive-date=11 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411214606/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/TCS-joins-top-10-global-IT-services-companies-club/articleshow/34067479.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2014, it became the first [[List of companies of India|Indian company]] to exceed {{INRConvert|5|t|year=2014|mode=historical}} in market capitalization.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/TCS-first-Indian-company-to-top-Rs-5-lakh-crore-market-cap/articleshow/38940093.cms|title=TCS first Indian company to top Rs 5 lakh crore market cap|date=24 July 2014|publisher=Times of India|archive-date=5 October 2015|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151005235204/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/TCS-first-Indian-company-to-top-Rs-5-lakh-crore-market-cap/articleshow/38940093.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.btvin.com/videos/watch/8117/tcs-crosses-rs.5-lk-cr-market-cap|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923195221/http://www.btvin.com/videos/watch/8117/tcs-crosses-rs.5-lk-cr-market-cap|url-status=usurped|archive-date=23 September 2015|title=TCS Crosses Rs.5 Lk Cr Market Cap|date=24 July 2014 |publisher=Bloomberg TV India}}</ref>

In January 2015, TCS became India's most profitable company, ending [[Reliance Industries Limited]]'s 23-year streak.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/TCS-ends-RILs-23-year-run-as-most-profitable-firm/articleshow/45947297.cms|title=TCS ends RIL's 23-year run as most profitable firm|date=20 January 2014|publisher=Times of India|archive-date=21 April 2016|access-date=20 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160421033641/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/TCS-ends-RILs-23-year-run-as-most-profitable-firm/articleshow/45947297.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

In January 2017, TCS announced a partnership with Aurus, a payments technology company, to deliver payment solutions for retailers through TCS OmniStore, a unified store commerce platform.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news-top-story/tcs-tcs-partners-with-aurus-to-enhance-omnichannel-payment-solutions-with-omnistore-117011600323_1.html|title=TCS partners with Aurus to enhance Omnichannel payment solutions with OmniStore|access-date=17 January 2017|archive-date=20 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420064845/http://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news-top-story/tcs-tcs-partners-with-aurus-to-enhance-omnichannel-payment-solutions-with-omnistore-117011600323_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The same year, TCS China entered into a joint venture with the Chinese government.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/company/tata-consultancy-services-ltd-5400/information/company-history|title=Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.|work=Business Standard India|access-date=27 June 2018}}</ref>

In March 2018, Tata Sons sold TCS shares worth $1.25 billion in a bulk transaction.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tata-to-sell-1-25-billion-stake-in-tcs-to-pay-debt/articleshow/63282529.cms |title=Tata to sell its stakes worth $1.25 billion in TCS to pay debt|website=The Times of India |date=13 March 2018|access-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223133/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tata-to-sell-1-25-billion-stake-in-tcs-to-pay-debt/articleshow/63282529.cms|archive-date=7 October 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2019, TCS received four Stevies at the American Business Awards.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-cm/tcs-honored-with-four-stevies-at-the-2019-american-business-awards-119052301531_1.html|title=Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.|work=Business Standard India|access-date=23 May 2019}}</ref>

=== 2020–present ===
On 8 October 2020, TCS surpassed [[Accenture]] in market capitalization, becoming the world's most valuable IT company with a market capitalization of over $144 billion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=TCS surpasses Accenture in m-cap to become world's most-valuable IT company|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/tcs-surpasses-accenture-in-market-cap/articleshow/78558794.cms|access-date=13 October 2020|archive-date=9 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209181159/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/tcs-surpasses-accenture-in-market-cap/articleshow/78558794.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> On 25 January 2021, TCS briefly reclaimed the title of the world's most valuable IT company from Accenture with a market cap of $170 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.in/stock-market/news/tcs-surpasses-accenture-to-become-the-worlds-largest-it-company-by-market-value-for-a-short-time/articleshow/80446014.cms|title=TCS briefly beats Accenture to become the world's largest IT company}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> On the same day, TCS also became India's most valuable company, surpassing [[Reliance Industries]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/tcs-share-price-news-tcs-surpasses-reliance-industries-to-become-countrys-most-valued-company-2357721|title=TCS Surpasses Reliance Industries To Become Country's Most Valued Company|date=25 January 2021}}</ref>

In May 2021, TCS, in collaboration with its consortium partner [[Neurotechnology (company)|Neurotechnology]], was selected by the [[Aadhaar#Unique Identification Authority|Unique Identification Authority of India]] (UIDAI) to provide biometric technology for the [[Aadhaar]] digital ID program.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|last=Macdonald|first=Ayang|date=2021-03-23|title=Neurotechnology to provide biometric de-duplication software for India's Aadhaar program|url=https://www.biometricupdate.com/202103/neurotechnology-to-provide-biometric-de-duplication-software-for-indias-aadhaar-program|access-date=2022-10-17|website=www.biometricupdate.com|language=en-US|archive-date=17 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017134824/https://www.biometricupdate.com/202103/neurotechnology-to-provide-biometric-de-duplication-software-for-indias-aadhaar-program|url-status=live}}</ref> The Aadhaar program, which has a database of over 1.3 billion citizens, has been described by [[World Bank Chief Economist]] [[Paul Romer]] as the "most sophisticated ID program in the world."<ref>{{cite web|date=2017-03-16|title=World Bank chief economist gives thumbs up to Aadhaar, says it's most sophisticated in the world|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/economy-politics/story/paul-romer-aadhaar-world-bank-biometric-system-india-id-world-bank-world-bank-chief-economist-70204-2017-03-16|access-date=2022-10-17|website=Business Today|language=en}}</ref>

In 2021, TCS underwent a millennial rebranding, and the company updated its tagline from "Experience Certainty" to "Building on Belief".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/tcs-unveils-new-brand-statement-building-on-belief/articleshow/81759477.cms|title=The Times of India – TCS unveils new brand statement 'Building on Belief'|newspaper=The Times of India|date=30 March 2021|access-date=2022-06-16}}</ref>  In 2021, Tata Consultancy Services was also one of the largest job providers in India, hiring 43,000 new employees in the first half of the fiscal year 2021–22.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sangani|first=Priyanka|title=TCS hires 43,000 freshers in H1 FY22, plans to add 35,000 in H2|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/information-tech/tcs-hires-43000-freshers-in-h1-fy22-plans-to-add-35000-in-h2/articleshow/86869938.cms|website=The Economic Times|archive-date=16 January 2022|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116113937/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/information-tech/tcs-hires-43000-freshers-in-h1-fy22-plans-to-add-35000-in-h2/articleshow/86869938.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

In July 2025, TCS announced that it would downsize its global workforce by 2%, or about 12,000 employees, primarily from middle- and senior-level positions, citing a "[[Structural unemployment|skill mismatch]]".<ref>{{cite news |title=TCS to cut 2% of global workforce in mid and senior level roles over next 12 months |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/market/tcs-to-cut-2-of-global-workforce-in-middle-and-senior-grade-over-next-12-months-19644157.htm |access-date=29 July 2025 |work=CNBC TV18 |date=27 July 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=TCS layoffs: Job cuts due to skill mismatch, not AI automation, says CEO K Krithivasan |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/technology/tcs-jobs-cut-due-to-skill-mismatch-not-ai-automation-ceo-k-krithivasan/articleshow/122944611.cms |access-date=29 July 2025 |work=The Economic Times |date=28 July 2025}}</ref>

==Acquisitions==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! data-sort-type="text"|Name
! data-sort-type="date"|Date
! data-sort-type="text"|Industry
! data-sort-type="text"|Country
! data-sort-type="currency"|Cost
! data-sort-type="number"|Employees
! class="unsortable"| {{Refh}}
|-
| [[CMC Limited]]
| October 2001
| [[Embedded software]]
| India
| $33.9m
| 3,102
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2001/10/18/stories/06180008.htm |title=TCS outlines vision for CMC |work=The Hindu |date=17 October 2001 |access-date=7 September 2013 |location=Chennai, India |archive-date=5 January 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040105122551/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2001/10/18/stories/06180008.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| Airline Financial Support Services India (AFSI)
| January 2004
| Airline and hospitality [[Business process outsourcing|BPO]]
| India
| $5.1m
| 400
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/money/2003/may/06tcs.htm|title=TCS buys 75.1% stake in AFS from Swissair|work=Rediff.com|date=5 June 2003|access-date=17 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050313090727/http://www.rediff.com/money/2003/may/06tcs.htm|archive-date=13 March 2005|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/05/07/stories/2003050702560100.htm |title=TCS acquires Swissair stake in BPO jt venture |newspaper=The Hindu |date=7 May 2003 |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref>
|-
| Aviation Software Development Consultancy India (ASDC)
| March 2004
| IT services
| India
| $3.1m
| 180
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |title=TCS buys out Singapore Airlines in JV for Rs 14 cr |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tcs-buys-out-singapore-airlines-in-jv-for-rs-14-cr/articleshow/552861.cms |access-date=2 September 2025 |work=The Economic Times |date=10 March 2004}}</ref>
|-
| Phoenix Global Solutions
| May 2004
| Insurance consulting and BPO
| India
| $130m
| 400
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2004/05/11/202355/tata-acquires-phoenix-india-arm.htm|title=Tata acquires Phoenix India arm|publisher=ComputerWeekly.com |date=11 May 2004}}</ref>
|-
| Swedish Indian IT Resources AB (SITAR)
| May 2005
| IT services
| Sweden
| $4.8m
| n/a
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ibef.org/download/TCS_23oct.pdf |title=Tata Consultancy Services Limited |publisher=Indian Brand Equity Foundation |date=23 October 2006 |access-date=7 September 2013 |archive-date=18 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418033850/http://www.ibef.org/download/TCS_23oct.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Pearl Group]]
| October 2005
| Insurance
| United Kingdom
| $94.7m
| 950
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2005-10-19/news/27481313_1_pearl-group-life-insurance-tcs-md |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130907122822/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2005-10-19/news/27481313_1_pearl-group-life-insurance-tcs-md |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 September 2013 |title=TCS to buy Pearl Group's life insurance, pension units |newspaper=Economic Times |date=19 October 2005 |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref>
|-
| Financial Network Services (FNS)
| October 2005
| Core banking software
| Australia 
| $26m
| 190
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2005-10-21/news/27505777_1_banking-solution-fns-tcs |title=TCS acquires Australian core banking solutions co |newspaper=Economic Times |date=21 October 2005 |access-date=7 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806012304/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2005-10-21/news/27505777_1_banking-solution-fns-tcs |archive-date=6 August 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| Comicrom
| November 2005
| Banking BPO
| Chile
| $23m
| 1,257
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/11/09/stories/2005110904261800.htm |title=TCS buys Chilean BPO firm |newspaper=The Hindu |date=9 November 2005 |access-date=7 September 2013 |location=Chennai, India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205184825/http://www.hindu.com/2005/11/09/stories/2005110904261800.htm |archive-date=5 December 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| Tata Infotech
| February 2006
| IT services
| India
| $259.2m
| 3,600
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/74512/ |title=Tata Infotech, TCS to merge |newspaper=Indian Express |date=16 July 2005 |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref><ref name="til"/>
|-
| TCS Management
| November 2006
| IT services
| Australia 
| $13m
| 35
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-11-08/news/27424804_1_australian-business-consulting-australian-dollars |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130504055109/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-11-08/news/27424804_1_australian-business-consulting-australian-dollars |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 May 2013 |title=TCS acquires Australian consultancy firm |newspaper=Economic Times |date=8 November 2006 |access-date=7 September 2013}}</ref>
|-
| TKS-Teknosoft
| November 2006
| Banking software
| Chile
| $80.4m
| 115
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/tcs-acquires-swiss-firm-tksteknosoft/182435/|title=TCS acquires Swiss firm TKS-Teknosoft|publisher=Financial Express|date=1 November 2006|access-date=7 September 2013|archive-date=28 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228050802/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/tcs-acquires-swiss-firm-tksteknosoft/182435|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Citigroup]] Global Services
| December 2008
| Banking and financial services BPO
| India
| $512m
| 12,472
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aZ8HTV7QJlsA|title=Tata Consultancy Services to Acquire Citigroup Global Services|publisher=Bloomberg.com|date=8 October 2008|access-date=8 September 2013|archive-date=14 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114111806/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aZ8HTV7QJlsA|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-10-09/news/28436872_1_cgsl-citigroup-global-services-tcs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228020300/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-10-09/news/28436872_1_cgsl-citigroup-global-services-tcs |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 December 2013 |title=TCS takes a lead, but deal raises a few concerns |newspaper=Economic Times |date=9 October 2008 |access-date=8 September 2013}}</ref>
|-
| [[SuperValu (United States)|SuperValu]] Services India
| September 2010
| IT services and BPO
| India
| $100m
| 600
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-16/software-services/28259747_1_supervalu-captive-unit-capabilities-and-domain-knowledge |title=TCS buys captive unit of SuperValu |newspaper=Times of India |date=16 September 2010 |access-date=8 September 2013 |archive-date=22 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622232557/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-16/software-services/28259747_1_supervalu-captive-unit-capabilities-and-domain-knowledge |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| [[Computational Research Laboratories]]
| August 2012
| High performance computing
| India
| $34m
| 80
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news| url = http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-08-16/news/33233170_1_n-chandrasekaran-tcs-ceo-and-md-hpc | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131228020254/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-08-16/news/33233170_1_n-chandrasekaran-tcs-ceo-and-md-hpc | url-status = dead | archive-date = 28 December 2013 | title = TCS to buy tech startup 'Computational Research Labs' for $34 million |newspaper=Economic Times |date=16 August 2012 |access-date=8 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/info-tech/tcs-buys-high-performance-computing-startup-for-rs-188-cr/article3779743.ece |title=TCS buys high performance computing start-up for Rs 188 cr |newspaper=The Hindu |date=16 August 2012 |access-date=8 September 2013 |archive-date=28 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228070846/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/info-tech/tcs-buys-high-performance-computing-startup-for-rs-188-cr/article3779743.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| Alti SA
| April 2013
| IT services
| France
| $97.5m
| 1,200
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thoppil |first1=Dhanya Ann |title=TCS to Buy French Firm Alti |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323550604578411780491516630 |access-date=2 September 2025 |work=Wall Street Journal |date=9 April 2013}}</ref>
|-
| BridgePoint Group
| November 2018
| [[Management consulting]]
| United States
|
|
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tcs-acquires-us-based-management-consulting-firm-bridgepoint-group-118112800895_1.html|title=TCS' second acquisition this month, acquires US-based BridgePoint Group|last=Majumdar|first=Romita|date=28 November 2018|work=Business Standard India|access-date=5 September 2019|archive-date=5 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905155232/https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tcs-acquires-us-based-management-consulting-firm-bridgepoint-group-118112800895_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/tcs-acquires-us-management-consulting-firm-bridgepoint-group/article25614225.ece|title=TCS acquires US management consulting firm BridgePoint Group|last=Agarwal|first=Varun|website=@businessline|date=28 November 2018 |access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref>
|-
| Postbank Systems
| November 2020
| IT services
| Germany
|
| 
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.manager-magazin.de/unternehmen/banken/postbank-tata-consulting-kauft-it-postbank-systems-a-448fb689-ef57-4887-aa1a-f443cce6f8ea|title=Tata übernimmt Postbank Systems|language=de|access-date=9 November 2020}}</ref>
|-
| Pramerica Systems Ireland
| December 2020
| IT services
| Ireland
|
| 1,500
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/tata-consultancy-services-agrees-to-buy-donegal-based-pramerica-1.4407592|title=Tata Consultancy Services agrees to buy Donegal-based Pramerica|first=Laura|last=Slattery|date=2020-11-12|archive-date=1 February 2021|access-date=28 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201102139/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/tata-consultancy-services-agrees-to-buy-donegal-based-pramerica-1.4407592|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Darshita Southern India Happy Homes
|March 2025
|Real estate
|India
|$260m
|
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-03-11 |title=TCS buys 100% stake in commercial realty firm Darshita Southern India Happy Homes |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/information-tech/tcs-buys-100-stake-in-commercial-realty-firm-darshita-southern-india-happy-homes/articleshow/118897491.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-03-20 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-11 |title=TCS to acquire Darshita Southern India Happy Homes for ₹2,250 crore to expand delivery center - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/market/stocks/tcs-share-price-to-acquire-darshita-southern-india-happy-homes-for-rs-2250-crore-to-expand-delivery-center-19572260.htm |access-date=2025-03-20 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}</ref>
|}

==Corporate affairs==
===Geographical presence===
[[File:TCS-Siruseri-Building.jpg|thumb|Tata Consultancy Services building in [[SIPCOT IT Park|SIPCOT]], [[Siruseri]], [[Chennai]]]]
[[File:Tata Consultancy Services Madhapur Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Tata Consultancy Services, Deccan Park campus in [[Hyderabad]]]]
As of September 2023, TCS had a total of 51 subsidiary companies in 55 countries,<ref>{{cite web|title=Integrated Annual Report 2020-21|url=https://www.tcs.com/content/dam/tcs/investor-relations/financial-statements/2020-21/ar/annual-report-2020-2021.pdf|website=TCS|page=51|access-date=17 October 2021|archive-date=20 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920120615/https://www.tcs.com/content/dam/tcs/investor-relations/financial-statements/2020-21/ar/annual-report-2020-2021.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Tata Consultancy Services' Subsidiaries Worldwide |url=https://www.tcs.com/investor-relations/subsidiaries |access-date=2023-11-18 |website=www.tcs.com |language=en |archive-date=20 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120021910/https://www.tcs.com/investor-relations/subsidiaries |url-status=live }}</ref> and more than 500 offices globally.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcs.com/locations|title=TCS Locations|publisher=Tata Consultancy Services|access-date=2024-08-16}}</ref> In India, TCS has multiple delivery centers in major cities, including Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, and Hyderabad.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcs.com/india|title=TCS in India|publisher=Tata Consultancy Services|access-date=2024-08-16|archive-date=16 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516173730/https://www.tcs.com/india|url-status=live}}</ref> It has significant operations in key markets such as the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and Singapore.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcs.com/global-presence|title=TCS Global Presence|publisher=Tata Consultancy Services|access-date=2024-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/TCS-bets-on-growing-economy-of-Peru/articleshow/6213917.cms|title=TCS bets on growing economy of Peru|publisher=Times of India|date=25 July 2010|access-date=11 May 2017|archive-date=16 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516123915/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-25/business/28285556_1_tcs-bets-tata-consultancy-services-bpo|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Employees===

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is one of the largest [[private-sector]] employers in India,<ref name="TCS">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/tech-news/software-services/TCS-Q4-net-profit-jumps-22-to-Rs-3597-crore/articleshow/19597150.cms|title=TCS Q4 net profit jumps 22% to Rs 3,597 crore|publisher=Times of India|date=17 April 2013|access-date=3 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105115606/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-17/software-services/38614630_1_march-31-net-profit-new-growth-engines|archive-date=5 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> and ranked as the fourth-largest employer overall in 2015, following [[Indian Railways]], [[Indian Army]], and [[India Post]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/nation-world/indias-eight-biggest-employers/slideshow/47861071.cms|title=India's eight biggest employers|website=The Economic Times|access-date=27 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014858/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/nation-world/indias-eight-biggest-employers/slideshow/47861071.cms|archive-date=10 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2022, the employee count of TCS crossed 600,000, with a net addition of about 100,000 in one year.<ref>{{cite news |title=TCS Adds 14,136 Employees in Q1FY23, Crosses 600,000 Headcount; Attrition Rate Rises |url=https://www.news18.com/news/business/tcs-crosses-600000-headcount-adds-nearly-1-lakh-employees-in-one-year-5517253.html |access-date=2 September 2025 |work=News18 |date=8 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=TCS employee headcount crosses 5 lakh after record hirings in Q1 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/business/story/tcs-employee-headcount-crosses-5-lakh-after-record-hirings-in-q1-1826035-2021-07-09 |access-date=30 September 2025 |work=India Today |date=9 July 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2008, TCS was the fifth-largest recipient of H-1B visas in the United States, following [[Infosys]], [[Cognizant Technology Solutions|Cognizant]], [[Wipro]], and [[Mahindra Satyam|Satyam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2009-02-24/indian-firms-microsoft-top-h-1b-listbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916121302/http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2009-02-24/indian-firms-microsoft-top-h-1b-listbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2012|title=Indian Firms, Microsoft Top H-1B List|work=News|publisher=Businessweek|date=24 February 2009|access-date=8 September 2013}}</ref> In 2012, TCS and other Tata Group companies were the second-largest recipients of H-1B visas.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/international/top-10-h1b-visa-recipients-outsource-american-jobs-overseas-report/article4434544.ece|title=Top 10 H1B visa recipients outsource American jobs overseas: Report|newspaper=The Hindu|date=20 February 2013|access-date=8 September 2013|archive-date=5 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905001324/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/international/top-10-h1b-visa-recipients-outsource-american-jobs-overseas-report/article4434544.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=CW2013 /> As of 31 March 2013, the number of non-[[Indian people|Indian nationals]] employed by TCS was 21,282, representing 7.7% of the workforce.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tcs-non-indian-employee-number-crosses-21-000-113060700770_1.html|title=TCS non-Indian employee number crosses 21,000|newspaper=Business Standard|date=7 June 2013|access-date=3 September 2013|archive-date=28 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928074824/http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tcs-non-indian-employee-number-crosses-21-000-113060700770_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Leadership ===
TCS has had five CEOs since its inception in 1968.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!CEO
!Tenure
|-
|[[F. C. Kohli]]
|1968–1996
|-
|[[Subramaniam Ramadorai]]
|1996–2009
|-
|[[Natarajan Chandrasekaran]]
|2009–2017
|-
|[[Rajesh Gopinathan]]
|2017–2023
|-
|K. Krithivasan<ref>{{cite web |date=5 June 2023 |title=Read TCS New CEO K Krithivasan's First Email To Employees |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/worth/news/tcs-new-ceo-k-krithivasan-first-email-to-employees-604918.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605162749/https://www.indiatimes.com/worth/news/tcs-new-ceo-k-krithivasan-first-email-to-employees-604918.html |archive-date=5 June 2023 |access-date=2023-06-05 |publisher=Indiatimes.com}}</ref>
|2023–present
|}

==Business divisions==
===Products and platforms===
In 2021, the software products and [[Software as a service|SaaS]]-based platforms business of TCS generated about $3 billion in revenue, accounting for 12–15% of the company's total revenue, according to [[Chief operating officer|COO]] N. Ganapathy Subramaniam.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Sangani|first=Priyanka|title=TCS says its platforms and products business is worth about $3 billion|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/information-tech/tcs-says-its-platforms-and-products-business-is-worth-about-3-billion/articleshow/87105492.cms|access-date=2022-05-02|date=18 October 2021}}</ref> Its notable products included [[TCS BaNCS]], TCS Cognix, TCS Quartz, TCS HOBS, TCS MasterCraft, and TCS OmniStore.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Consultancy Services (TCS IN) |url=https://images.assettype.com/bloombergquint/2022-01/a1b0a068-64cd-4ea3-bd3c-c82677890f42/Prabhudas_Lilladher_TCS_Q3FY22_Result_Update.pdf |publisher=Prabhudas Lilladher |access-date=2 September 2025 |date=13 January 2022}}</ref>

In 2015, TCS started an [[enterprise software]] venture called Digitate, based in [[Pune]] and [[Santa Clara, California|Santa Clara]], which released its [[artificial intelligence]] platform Ignio the same year.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chandrashekhar |first1=Anandi |title=TCS Ignio to touch $100 million revenue milestone this year |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/ites/tcs-ignio-to-touch-100-million-revenue-milestone-this-year/articleshow/76263767.cms |access-date=6 September 2025 |work=The Economic Times |date=8 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=J |first1=Anand |title=TCS' AI solution Ignio powers Canadian retail giant’s digital transformation |url=https://www.techcircle.in/2019/04/09/tcs-ai-solution-ignio-powers-canadian-retail-giant-s-digital-transformation |access-date=6 September 2025 |work=Techcircle |date=9 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

===TCS BPS===
The TCS BPS division provides [[business process management]] services. It had an estimated revenue of $3.5 billion in financial year 2023–24, as per an Everest Group report.<ref>{{cite web |title=Everest Group - BPS Top 50 |url=https://www.everestgrp.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Everest_Group_BPS_Top_50_2024.pdf |publisher=Everest Global, Inc. |access-date=2 September 2025}}</ref>

TCS BPS also provides services for biopharmaceutical majors, including [[clinical research]], [[data management]], [[biostatistics]], [[medical writing]], clinical programming, [[pharmacovigilance]], and [[Real world evidence|RWE]] support towards global drug development efforts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-11-13/news/27444972_1_clinical-trial-tcs-tata-consultancy-services|title=TCS wins $35 mn Eli Lilly contract|work=timesofindia-economictimes|access-date=2 July 2015|date=13 November 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703111225/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-11-13/news/27444972_1_clinical-trial-tcs-tata-consultancy-services|archive-date=3 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2007-09-05/news/28468976_1_j-rajagopal-tcs-roche|title=TCS in multi-million dollar deal with Swiss firm|work=timesofindia-economictimes|access-date=2 July 2015|date=5 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703110133/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2007-09-05/news/28468976_1_j-rajagopal-tcs-roche|archive-date=3 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Tata Research Development and Design Centre===
{{main|Tata Research Development and Design Centre}}

TCS established India's first software research centre, the [[Tata Research Development and Design Centre]], in [[Pune]], in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in [[software engineering]], [[process engineering]], [[bioinformatics]], and [[systems science]]. In 2005, researchers at TRDDC developed MasterCraft, a [[Model-driven engineering|model-driven development]] software that can [[Automatic programming|automatically create code]] from a computer language, and rewrite the code based on the users' needs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/27/technology/when-outsourcing-loses-human-element.html|title=When Outsourcing Loses Human Element|publisher=The New York Times|date=27 May 2005|access-date=17 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060211010821/http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/05/26/business/tata.php|archive-date=11 February 2006|url-status=live}}</ref>

TRDDC and [[Tata Chemicals]] jointly developed Sujal (later marketed as [[Tata Swach]]), a low-cost [[water purifier]] manufactured using [[rice husk]] ash and [[silver nanoparticle]]s. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in the relief activities of the [[Indian Ocean tsunami]] disaster of 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ieee.org/portal/cms_docs_iportals/iportals/aboutus/annualreport/2005/IEEE-AR05-Section1.pdf|title=Improving Our World&nbsp;– IEEE Annual Report(page 4)|publisher=IEEE|year=2005|access-date=17 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304083137/http://www.ieee.org/portal/cms_docs_iportals/iportals/aboutus/annualreport/2005/IEEE-AR05-Section1.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/40000/tata-launches-swach-water-filters.html |title=Tata launches 'Swach' water filters |publisher=Deccanherald. |date=7 December 2009 |access-date=12 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302164751/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/40000/tata-launches-swach-water-filters.html |archive-date=2 March 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Chang |first1=Arlene |title=Tata Markets Inexpensive Water Filter |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704293604575343340396637802 |access-date=2 September 2025 |work=Wall Street Journal |date=6 July 2010}}</ref>

===Innovation labs===
[[File:Cornell Tech td (2019-11-03) 005 - Tata Innovation Center.jpg|thumb|Tata Innovation Center at [[Cornell Tech]] campus in New York City]]
In 2007, TCS launched its co-innovation network, a network of innovation labs, start-up alliances, university research departments, and venture capitalists.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/tcs-launches-its-coinnovation-network/191184/ |title=TCS launches its Co-Innovation Network |publisher=Financialexpress.com |date=18 January 2007 |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615085037/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/tcs-launches-its-coinnovation-network/191184 |archive-date=15 June 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tcs.com/about/tcs_difference/innovation/network/Pages/default.aspx |title=The TCS Co-Innovation Network |publisher=TCS |access-date=6 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920024942/http://www.tcs.com/about/tcs_difference/innovation/network/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=20 September 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition, TCS has 19 innovation labs based in three countries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tcs.com/about/tcs_difference/innovation/tcs_labs/Pages/default.aspx |title=Innovation Labs |publisher=TCS |access-date=16 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711081924/http://www.tcs.com/about/tcs_difference/innovation/tcs_labs/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=11 July 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> TCS' partners include [[CollabNet]] and [[William T. Coleman III|Cassatt]], and academic institutions such as [[Indian Institutes of Technology|IITs]], [[Stanford]], [[MIT]], and [[Carnegie Mellon]], and venture capitalists like [[Sequoia Capital|Sequoia]] and [[Kleiner Perkins]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tcs.com/about/tcs_difference/innovation/network/Pages/default.aspx |title=Co-Innovation Network |publisher=TCS |access-date=26 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719075811/http://www.tcs.com/about/tcs_difference/innovation/network/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=19 July 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Sponsorships==
TCS is the title sponsor for [[Toronto Waterfront Marathon]], [[London Marathon]], [[Amsterdam Marathon]], [[Mumbai Marathon]], [[Lidingöloppet]], and [[New York City Marathon]]<ref>[https://www.lidingoloppet.se/en-GB/site/tcs-lidingoloppet/partners/ Partners Lidingöloppet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129020341/https://www.lidingoloppet.se/en-GB/site/tcs-lidingoloppet/partners/ |date=29 November 2022 }}. Retrieved on 29 November 2022.</ref><ref>[http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tcs-title-sponsor-for-new-york-road-runners-113100300366_1.html TCS title sponsor for New York Road Runners] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007090847/http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tcs-title-sponsor-for-new-york-road-runners-113100300366_1.html |date=7 October 2013 }}. Business Standard (3 October 2013) Retrieved on 6 December 2013.</ref> and one of the sponsors of [[City2Surf (Sydney)|City2Surf]], Australian Running Festival, [[Berlin Marathon]], [[Chicago Marathon]], and [[Boston Marathon]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tcs.com/about/corp_facts/sponsorships/Pages/default.aspx |title=About TCS – Corporate Facts – Sponsorships |publisher=TCS |access-date=6 September 2013 |archive-date=5 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905114526/http://www.tcs.com/about/corp_facts/sponsorships/Pages/default.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> In India, it is the title sponsor of [[World 10K Bangalore|World 10K]] held in Bangalore every year.<ref>{{cite news|title=10 Things you must know about TCS World 10K Marathon 2015|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2015/05/10-things-you-must-know-about-tcs-world-10k-marathon-2015/|access-date=16 May 2015|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|date=16 May 2015}}</ref>

TCS has been a sponsor of the [[Indian Premier League]] team [[Rajasthan Royals]] since 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/archive/|title=Archive News|website=The Hindu|access-date=27 October 2018|archive-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323125406/http://www.thehindu.com/archive/|url-status=live}}</ref> It also provides the team with technology to help in the analysis of player performance, simulation, and use of [[RFID]] tags for tracking the players’ fitness levels and for security purposes in the stadiums.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-info-tech/article1048817.ece/|title=TCS is Rajasthan Royals' tech partner}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rajasthanroyals.com/news20090407.aspx/|title=Tata Consultancy Services enters the Indian Premier League|access-date=6 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501172353/http://www.rajasthanroyals.com/news20090407.aspx/|archive-date=1 May 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

TCS conducts an annual IT quiz for high school students called [[TCS IT Wiz]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcsitwiz.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011024338/http://www.tcsitwiz.com/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=11 October 2007|title=TCS IT Wiz - India's biggest inter-school IT Quiz|website=www.tcsitwiz.com}}</ref> TCS also currently sponsors [[Jaguar Racing]] in [[Formula E]] and [[Nakajima Racing]] in [[Super Formula]].<ref>{{cite news |title=How TCS boosts motorsport with IT into Super Formula's next era |url=https://www.motorsport.com/super-formula/news/tcs-tata-motorsport-super-formula/10338902/ |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=Motorsport.com |date=15 July 2022 |language=en |archive-date=10 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241010065628/https://www.motorsport.com/super-formula/news/tcs-tata-motorsport-super-formula/10338902/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Controversies==

=== Class action lawsuit in the US ===
On 14 February 2006, the US law firm [[Lieff Cabraser]] filed a nationwide [[class action]] lawsuit against TCS concerning payments to employees on deputation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lieffcabraser.com/Case-Center/Tata-Workers-in-America-Wages-Class-Action-Lawsuit.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030054357/http://www.lieffcabraser.com/Case-Center/Tata-Workers-in-America-Wages-Class-Action-Lawsuit.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 October 2013|title=Tata Workers in America Wages Class Action Lawsuit|work=Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP|access-date=2 July 2015}}</ref> This lawsuit was filed on behalf of all non-US citizens employed by TCS in California from 14 February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers alleged that they were compelled to forfeit their federal and state tax refunds to their employer and that their Indian salaries were wrongfully deducted from their US pay.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.in.msn.com/tcs-faces-class-action-lawsuit-in-us|title=TCS faces class-action lawsuit in US|date=4 April 2012|access-date=20 February 2013|work=MSN News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507092439/http://news.in.msn.com/tcs-faces-class-action-lawsuit-in-us|archive-date=7 May 2013}}</ref> On 22 February 2013, TCS agreed to settle the class-action suit for $30 million.<ref>{{cite news |title=TCS to pay $30 million to settle employee class action suit in US |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/ites/tcs-to-pay-30-million-to-settle-employee-class-action-suit-in-us/articleshow/18701530.cms |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=The Economic Times |date=28 February 2013}}</ref> In July 2013, Judge [[Claudia Wilken]] of the [[US District Court, Northern District of California]] in [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], California, granted final approval for the settlement of the lawsuit.

=== Trade secret lawsuit ===
In a lawsuit filed in October 2014 in the [[US District Court]] in Madison, [[Epic Systems]] accused TCS and Tata America International Corp of "brazenly stealing the trade secrets, confidential information, documents, and data" belonging to Epic. This lawsuit was amended in January and December 2015. In April 2016, a US jury imposed a US$940 million fine on TCS and Tata America International Corp in the trade secret case,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/ites/us-jury-slaps-940-million-fine-on-tcs-tata-america-international-corp-in-trade-secret-case/articleshow/51853894.cms|title=US jury slaps $940 million fine on TCS, Tata America International Corp in trade secret case|date=16 April 2016|newspaper=The Economic Times|archive-date=14 September 2018|access-date=27 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914024134/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/ites/us-jury-slaps-940-million-fine-on-tcs-tata-america-international-corp-in-trade-secret-case/articleshow/51853894.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> which was reduced to US$420 million in 2017.<ref>{{cite news |title=US court trims fine on TCS to $420 mn in Epic Systems suit |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/us-court-trims-fine-on-tcs-to-420-mn-in-epic-systems-suit/articleshow/60900867.cms |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=The Times of India |date=1 October 2017}}</ref> In 2020, an appeals court ruled that the US$280 million in punitive damages was "constitutionally excessive", but upheld the remaining portion of US$140 million in compensatory damages.<ref>{{cite news |title=US court held punitive damages award of $280 mn in Epic Systems case as "excessive": TCS |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/business-news/us-court-held-punitive-damages-award-of-280-mn-in-epic-systems-case-as-excessive-tcs/story-2eKavmgiB0CINrgtzBE3rN.html |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=Hindustan Times |archive-date=21 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220821082116/https://www.hindustantimes.com/business-news/us-court-held-punitive-damages-award-of-280-mn-in-epic-systems-case-as-excessive-tcs/story-2eKavmgiB0CINrgtzBE3rN.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The case concluded in November 2023, with TCS agreeing to pay US$125 million.<ref>{{Cite web|last=TURNER|first=BROCK|date=21 November 2023|title=Epic to get $125M from 2014 lawsuit|url=https://www.modernhealthcare.com/digital-health/epic-payout-2014-tata-consulting-trade-secrets-lawsuit|access-date=27 November 2023|website=Modern Healthcare|archive-date=22 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222203342/https://www.modernhealthcare.com/digital-health/epic-payout-2014-tata-consulting-trade-secrets-lawsuit|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Sexual harassment allegations ===
In 2019, an employee filed a complaint with the [[Kancheepuram]] labour court,<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 July 2019|title=Sexual Harassment Case: TCS Employee Alleges Denial of Justice by ICC|url=https://www.newsclick.in/sexual-harassment-case-tcs-employee-alleges-denial-justice-icc|access-date=11 September 2023|website=NewsClick|language=en}}</ref> alleging that Tata Consultancy Services' internal complaints committee mishandled<ref>{{Cite web|last=TNM|date=21 November 2020|title=Activists call on TN CM to fast track MeToo case against TCS techie|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/tamil-nadu/activists-call-tn-cm-fast-track-metoo-case-against-tcs-techie-138128|access-date=11 September 2023|website=The News Minute|language=en|archive-date=23 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231123040954/https://www.thenewsminute.com/tamil-nadu/activists-call-tn-cm-fast-track-metoo-case-against-tcs-techie-138128|url-status=live}}</ref> a [[sexual harassment]] case. Despite the case being approved, there has been no significant progress over the years, with the worker accusing the company of delaying investigations.<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 March 2023|title=Nearing 4 Years and After 40 Hearings, No Relief for TCS Sexual Harassment Survivor|url=https://www.newsclick.in/nearing-4-years-and-after-40-hearings-no-relief-tcs-sexual-harassment-survivor|access-date=11 September 2023|website=NewsClick|language=en}}</ref> The worker has also reported unexplained transfers<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rao|first=Manasa|date=14 January 2020|title=TCS techie alleges she's been transferred for making sexual harassment complaint|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/tamil-nadu/tcs-techie-alleges-she-s-been-transferred-making-sexual-harassment-complaint-116063|access-date=11 September 2023|website=The News Minute|language=en|archive-date=23 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231123040955/https://www.thenewsminute.com/tamil-nadu/tcs-techie-alleges-she-s-been-transferred-making-sexual-harassment-complaint-116063|url-status=live}}</ref> and other forms of alleged workplace retribution, including in performance reviews.<ref>{{Cite web|title=3 Years On, No Justice For TCS Employee Who Accused Boss Of Sex Assault|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/3-years-on-no-justice-for-tata-consultancy-services-employee-who-accused-boss-of-sex-assault-2584374|access-date=11 September 2023|website=NDTV.com|archive-date=23 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231123040956/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/3-years-on-no-justice-for-tata-consultancy-services-employee-who-accused-boss-of-sex-assault-2584374|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Companies|India}}  
* [[List of IT consulting firms]]
* [[List of largest employers in India]]
* [[Information technology in India]]
* [[List of Indian IT companies]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Tata Consultancy Services}}
* {{Official website}}

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