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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{redirect|Berlin-Tempelhof|the electoral district|Berlin-Tempelhof-Schöneberg|the airport|Berlin Tempelhof Airport|the railway station|Berlin-Tempelhof station}}
{{Infobox German location
|name           = Tempelhof
|name_local     =
|image_photo    = Ullsteinhaus 20020506.JPG
|image_caption  = [[Ullstein Verlag|Ullsteinhaus]]
|type           = Quarter
|City           = Berlin
|image_coa      = DEU District Tempelhof COA.svg
|coordinates    = {{coord|52|28|00|N|13|23|00|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|state          = Berlin
|district       =
|borough        = Tempelhof-Schöneberg
|divisions      =
|elevation      = 50
|area           = 12.2
|pop_ref          = <ref>{{Population Germany|key=11|datref=QUELLE}}</ref>
|population       = {{Population Germany|key=110703}}
|population_as_of = {{Population Germany|key=11|datref=STAND}}
|postal_code    = 12101, 12103, 12105, 12109, 12099, 12279
|area_code      =
|licence        = B
|year           = 1210
|plantext       = Location of Tempelhof in Tempelhof-Schöneberg and Berlin
|image_plan     = Berlin Tempelhof-Schoeneberg Tempelhof.png
|website        =
}}
'''Tempelhof''' ({{IPA|de|ˈtɛmpl̩hoːf|lang|De-Tempelhof.ogg}}) is a [[Boroughs and localities of Berlin|locality]] of [[Berlin]] within the borough of [[Tempelhof-Schöneberg]]. It is the location of the former [[Berlin Tempelhof Airport|Tempelhof Airport]], one of the earliest commercial airports in the world. The former airport and surroundings are now a park called [[Tempelhofer Feld]], making it the largest inner city open space in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ZEIT ONLINE {{!}} Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl.|url=https://www.zeit.de/zustimmung?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zeit.de%2Flebensart%2F2012-09%2Flust-auf-stadt-tempelhofer-feld|access-date=1 September 2021|website=www.zeit.de|language=de|archive-date=21 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021183842/https://www.zeit.de/lebensart/2012-09/lust-auf-stadt-tempelhofer-feld|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{panoViewer|Berlin Alt-Tempelhof - 360°-Foto aus der Luft.jpg|360° aerial photograph of the old part of Tempelhof}}

The Tempelhof locality is located in the south-central part of the city. Before [[Berlin's 2001 administrative reform]], the area of Tempelhof, together with the localities of [[Mariendorf]], [[Marienfelde]], and [[Lichtenrade]], constituted a borough of its own, also called ''Tempelhof''. These localities grew from historic villages on the [[Teltow plateau]] founded in the early 13th century in the course of the German [[Ostsiedlung]].

==History==
''Tempelhove'' was first mentioned in a 1247 deed issued at the [[Walkenried Abbey]] as a ''Komturhof'' (''[[Commander#Military and chivalric orders|commander]]'s court'', the smallest holding entity of a [[Military order (society)|military order]]) of the [[Knights Templar]], whose leadership and many fellow knights had been expelled from the [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]] upon its downfall in 1291. The heart of the old settlement, consisting of the church and the original estate, was fortified and originally completely surrounded by water. The Templars were joined by fifteen families of landless farmers' sons from the [[Rhine]], who could not inherit any estate from their parents because of over-fragmentation of those estates. Legates of the Templars offered them fertile soil and the protection of ''Tempelhove's'' stronghold.

After [[Pope Clement V]] officially abolished the Order of the Temple in 1312, the [[Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg)|knights of Saint John (the ''Johanniter'')]], backed by Margrave [[Waldemar, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal|Waldemar of Brandenburg]], took over the villages of Tempelhof, Mariendorf, and Marienfelde.  In 1435, they sold their estates to the city of Berlin.

In the early nineteenth century, Tempelhof was still a village outside Berlin proper and was the site of country excursions for the citizens of Berlin.<ref>See [[Theodor Fontane]]'s ''Schach von Wuthenow''.</ref>  The northern parts of Tempelhof were incorporated as Berlin's ''[[Tempelhofer Vorstadt]]'' in 1861 and in 1920 became part of the [[Kreuzberg]] borough.

Today, the former [[Commandery (feudalism)|commandery]] ({{langx|de|Komturei}}) is a chain of parks, called ''Bosepark'', ''Kleiner Park'', ''Alter Park'', and ''Franckepark''.  Some of them still have [[pond]]s that were part of the artificial [[moat]] surrounding the village's center.  One, the ''Krummer Pfuhl'', located in the ''Franckepark'', after being turned into public swimming baths in the nineteenth century, has completely dried out and is now an enclosed [[deer]] park.

The [[Tempelhof Village Church|original church]], built from glacial [[boulder]]s, was destroyed in the [[World War II|Second World War]] and was replaced with one built of [[ashlar]] or dressed stone with a [[timber-frame]] tower.

The [[Tempelhof Studios]] were established in 1912 and functioned as film and later television studios.

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center">
Image:Thof lpfuhl.jpg|Lehnepfuhl in the Kleiner Park
Image:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-04481B, Berlin, Maifeier auf dem Tempelhofer Feld.jpg|Tempelhof Airfield in 1935
Image:Thof dpark.jpg|The deer park that was once the Krummer Pfuhl
Image:Thof kirche2.jpg|Village church as it looks today, its basic lower structures of boulders trace back to the commandry.
Image:Berlin Alboinplatz Blanke Helle UAV 05-2017.jpg|Natural monument "Blanke Helle"
</gallery>

==Sister cities==
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], [[South Carolina]], [[United States]]
*{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Nahariya]], [[Israel]]
*{{flagicon|UK}} [[London Borough of Barnet]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom]]
*{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Amstelveen]], [[Netherlands]]

== Personalities ==

=== Sons and daughters Tempelhof ===

* [[Manny Marc]] (born 1980), DJ and rapper
* [[Klaus Wowereit]] (born 1953 in Altbezirk Tempelhof), SPD-politician, 1984-1995 Council Chairman of Tempelhof, 2001-2014 [[Governing Mayor of Berlin]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Klaus Wowereit – Biografie|periodical=Klaus-wowereit.de|url=http://www.klaus-wowereit.de/zur_person/biografie/|last=Klaus Wowereit / wegewerk GmbH (Agentur)|language=de}} Zitat daraus: "Am 1 October 1953 bin ich im Bezirk Tempelhof geboren."</ref>
* Michael Müller  (born 1964 in Altbezirk Tempelhof), SPD politician, from 1989 to 1996 member of the [[Borough Council]] (BVV) Tempelhof, since 2014 mayor, succeeding Klaus Wowereit

=== Personalities associated with Tempelhof ===
* [[Edmund Elend]] (1881–1933), merchant and owner of the former department store ''Kaufhaus Tempelhof''
* [[Elisabeth Schumacher]] (1904–1942), graphic artist and resistance fighter of the [[Red Orchestra (espionage)|Rote Kapelle]], lived at Werner-Voß-Damm 42
* [[Kurt Schumacher (sculptor)|Kurt Schumacher]] (1905–1942), sculptor, medallist and resistance fighter of the ''Rote Kapelle'', lived at Werner-Voß-Damm 42
* [[Marta Hillers]] (1911–2001), German journalist, lived until after the war in an apartment in the Manfred-von-Richthofen-Straße 13 (then number 31). She has recorded her experiences during the capture of the city and the subsequent occupation of the Red Army in diaries, that were published in Germany in 1959 under the German title: Eine Frau in Berlin. In 2008 a film was made with [[Nina Hoss]] as leading lady under the German title: Anonyma eine Frau in Berlin<ref>{{cite web|title=The life and times of Marta Dietschy-Hillers – Part 4: The characters and places in "A Woman in Berlin"|publisher=Clarissa Schnabel|url=https://clarissaschnabel.wordpress.com/2014/11/07/the-life-and-times-of-marta-dietschy-hillers-part-4-the-characters-and-places-in-a-woman-in-berlin/|access-date=10 August 2016|last=schnabeline|date=7 November 2014|language=de}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Rauenberg (Berlin)|Rauenberg]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{commons category-inline|Berlin-Tempelhof|Tempelhof}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline}}

{{Boroughs of Berlin}}
{{Former Boroughs of Berlin}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Localities of Berlin]]
[[Category:Tempelhof-Schöneberg|*]]<!--ORTSTEIL. MARKED WITH AN ASTERIKS-->
[[Category:Former boroughs of Berlin]]
[[Category:Boroughs of West Berlin]]