View source for The Open Group

{{Short description|Global standards consortium}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Third-party|date=December 2022}}
{{Notability|org|date=September 2024}}
{{Primary sources|date=September 2024}}
}}
{{Infobox company
| predecessor = {{Unbulleted list|[[X/Open]]|[[Open Software Foundation]]}}
| founded = {{Start date and age|1996}}
| hq_location_city = Offices in [[San Francisco]]; [[Reading, Berkshire]]; [[Brazil]]; [[Shanghai]]; and [[Mumbai]]
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|Steve Nunn (President and CEO)}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.opengroup.org}}
}}

'''The Open Group''' is a global consortium that seeks to "enable the achievement of business objectives" by developing "[[Open standard|open]], vendor-neutral technology standards and certifications." It has 900+ member organizations and provides a number of services, including strategy, management, innovation and research, standards, certification, and test development.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us|url=https://www.opengroup.org/about-us|access-date=2018-11-06|website=Opengroup.org|date=6 March 2018}}</ref> It was established in 1996 when [[X/Open]] merged with the [[Open Software Foundation]].

The Open Group is the certifying body for the [[UNIX]] [[trademark]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Open Brand|url=https://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/|access-date=2012-07-26|website=Opengroup.org}}</ref> and publishes the [[Single UNIX Specification]] technical standard, which extends the [[POSIX]] standards. The Open Group also develops and manages the [[TOGAF]] standard, which is an industry standard [[enterprise architecture framework]].<ref name="opengroup1" />

==Members==
The 900+ members include a range of technology vendors and buyers as well as government agencies, including, for example, [[Capgemini]], [[Fujitsu]], [[Hewlett Packard Enterprise]], Orbus Software, [[IBM]], [[Huawei]], the [[United States Department of Defense]] and [[NASA]]. There is no obligation on product developers or vendors to adopt the standards developed by the association.

Platinum members:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Open Group Membership Report|url=https://reports.opengroup.org/all.shtml|access-date=2021-03-15|website=Opengroup.org}}</ref>

# [[DXC Technology]], United States
# [[Fujitsu]], Japan
# [[Huawei|Huawei Technologies]], China
# [[IBM]], United States
# [[Intel]], United States
# [[OpenText]], Canada
# [[Shell plc|Shell]], Netherlands

== History ==
{{See also|X Window System#History}}
By the early 1990s, the major UNIX system vendors had begun to realize that the standards rivalries (often called the "[[Unix wars]]") were causing all participants more harm than good, leaving the UNIX industry open to emerging competition from [[Microsoft]].  The [[Common Open Software Environment|COSE]] initiative in 1993 can be considered to be the first unification step, and the merger of the [[Open Software Foundation]] (OSF) and [[X/Open]] in 1996 as the ultimate step, in the end of those skirmishes. OSF had previously merged with [[Unix International]] in 1994, meaning that the new entity effectively represented all elements of the Unix community of the time.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20050601125916588 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505071858/http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20050601125916588 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=May 5, 2010 |title=The Daemon, the GNU and the Penguin|last=Salus|first=Peter H.|author-link=Peter H. Salus|publisher=Groklaw.net |access-date= 2013-05-10}}</ref>

In January 1997, the responsibility for the [[X Window System]] was transferred to The Open Group from the defunct [[X Consortium]]. In 1999, X.Org was formed to manage the X Window System, with management services provided by The Open Group. The X.Org members made a number of releases up to and including X11R6.8 while The Open Group provided management services. In 2004, X.Org and The Open Group worked together to establish the newly formed [[X.Org Foundation]] which then took control of the x.org domain name, and the stewardship of the X Window System.

== Programs ==

=== Certification ===
Key services of The Open Group are certification programs,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Certifications {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/certifications|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=19 March 2018}}</ref> including certification for products and best practices: [[POSIX]], [[UNIX]], and [[Open Trusted Technology Provider Standard|O-TTPS]].

The Open Group offers certifications for technology professionals. In addition to [[TOGAF]] certification which covers tools, services and people certification, The Open Group also administers the following experience-based Professional Certifications: Certified Architect (Open CA),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Certified Architect (Open CA) {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/certifications/certified-architect-open-ca|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=6 March 2018}}</ref> Certification Program Accreditation,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Certification Program Accreditation {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/certifications/certification-program-accreditation|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=26 June 2020}}</ref> Certified Data Scientist (Open CDS),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Open Certified Data Scientist (Open CDS) {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/certifications/certified-data-scientist-open-cds|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=17 January 2019}}</ref> Certified Technical Specialist (Open CTS),<ref>{{Cite web|title=Certified Technical Specialist (Open CTS) {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/certifications/certified-technical-specialist-open-cts|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=6 March 2018}}</ref> and Certified Trusted Technology Practitioner (Open CTTP).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Certified Trusted Technology Practitioner (Open CTTP) {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/certifications/certified-trusted-technology-practitioner-open-cttp|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=27 January 2020}}</ref> The Open Group also offers certification for [[ArchiMate]] tools and people, as well as people certification for Open FAIR<ref>{{Cite web|title=Open FAIR™ Certification {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/certifications/openfair|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=20 February 2018}}</ref> and IT4IT,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=IT4IT™ Forum {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/it4it-forum|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=8 March 2018}}</ref> standards of The Open Group.

=== Collaboration Services ===
The Open Group also provides a range of services, from initial setup and ongoing operational support to collaboration, standards and best practices development, and assistance with market impact activities.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Services {{!}} The Open Group Website|url=https://www.opengroup.org/services|access-date=2021-03-15|website=www.opengroup.org|date=6 March 2018}}</ref> They assist organizations with setting business objectives, strategy and procurement, and also provide certification and test development. This includes services to the government agencies, suppliers, and companies or organizations set up by governments.<ref name=":2" />

== Inventions and standards ==
*The [[ArchiMate]] Technical standard<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/c091.htm |title=ArchiMate Technical Standard |publisher=Opengroup.org |date=2009-02-09 |access-date=2012-07-26}}</ref>
*The [[ArchiMate]] Exchange File Format standard<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/c154.htm |title=ArchiMate Exchange File Format Standard |publisher=Opengroup.org |date=2015-08-10 |access-date=2016-08-16}}</ref>
*The [[Open Trusted Technology Provider Standard]] (O-TTPS) 
*The [[Call Level Interface]] (the basis for [[ODBC]])
*The [[Common Desktop Environment]] (CDE)
*The [[Distributed Computing Environment]] (the basis for [[Distributed Component Object Model|DCOM]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://opengroup.org/comsource |title=COMsource Index Page |publisher=Opengroup.org |access-date=2012-07-26}}</ref>
*The [[DRDA|Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA)]] 
*The [[Future Airborne Capability Environment]] (FACE) Technical standard<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.opengroup.org/ogsys/catalog/c137 |title=Technical Standard for Future Airborne Capability Environment Edition 2.0 |publisher=Opengroup.org |access-date=2013-07-08}}</ref>
*The [[Motif (software)|Motif]] GUI widget toolkit (used in CDE) 
*The Open Process Automation Standard (O-PAS Standard)<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Open Process Automation Standard takes flight- ISA |url=https://www.isa.org/intech-home/2019/may-june/features/the-open-process-automation-standard-takes-flight |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=isa.org |language=en}}</ref>
*The Open Group Service Integration Maturity Model (OSIMM)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/c092.htm |title=OSIMM |publisher=Opengroup.org |date=2011-11-04 |access-date=2012-07-26 |archive-date=2010-06-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619185400/http://opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/c092.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*The [[Open Information Security Maturity Model]] (O-ISM3)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.opengroup.org/ogsys/catalog/C102 |title=Open Information Security Maturity Model |publisher=Opengroup.org |date=2014-02-14 |access-date=2014-02-14}}</ref>
*The [[Single UNIX Specification]] (SUS) 
*The Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) Source Book<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opengroup.org/soa/source-book/intro/ |title=The SOA Source Book, 4th Edition |publisher=Opengroup.org |date=Aug 2011 |access-date=2013-04-22}}</ref>
*[[TOGAF]] (Enterprise Architecture Framework)<ref name="opengroup1">{{cite web|title=TOGAF|url=http://www.opengroup.org/togaf/|access-date=2012-07-26|publisher=Opengroup.org}}</ref>
*The [[Application Response Measurement]] (ARM) standard 
*The [[Common Manageability Programming Interface]] (CMPI) standard 
*The [[Universal Data Element Framework]] (UDEF) standard 
*[[X/Open XA|The XA Specification]]

== See also ==
* [[Joint Inter-Domain Management]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|The Open Group}}
*{{Official website|http://www.opengroup.org/ }}

{{Open Group standards}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Open Group, The}}
[[Category:Open Group standards| ]]
[[Category:POSIX]]
[[Category:Standards organizations]]
[[Category:Technology consortia]]
[[Category:Unix]]
[[Category:Unix standards]]
[[Category:X Window System]]