View source for The Saint (Simon Templar)

{{Short description|Fictional character invented by Leslie Charteris}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox character
| name = Simon Templar
| franchise = ''[[The Saint (franchise)|The Saint]]''
| image = SaintLogo.png
| caption = The sign of the Saint
| first = ''[[Meet the Tiger]]''
| creator = [[Leslie Charteris]]
| portrayer = {{Plain list|
* [[Louis Hayward]]
* [[George Sanders]]
* [[Vincent Price]]
* [[Roger Moore]]
* [[Ian Ogilvy]]
* [[Simon Dutton]]
* [[Val Kilmer]]
* [[Tom Conway]]
* [[Edgar Barrier]]
* [[Brian Aherne]]
* [[Hugh Sinclair (actor)|Hugh Sinclair]]
* [[Adam Rayner]]
* others
}}
| alias = {{Plain list|
* The Saint
* Sebastian Tombs
* Sugarman Treacle
}}
| occupation = [[Theft|Thief]], amateur detective, occasional British intelligence agent, occasional police agent, lawyer (classified)
| gender = Male
| nationality = British
}}

'''The Saint''' is the nickname of the fictional character '''Simon Templar''', featured in a [[List of works by Leslie Charteris|series of novels and short stories]] by [[Leslie Charteris]] published between 1928 and 1963. After that date other authors collaborated with Charteris on books until 1983; two additional works produced without Charteris's participation were published in 1997. The character has also been portrayed in the franchise [[The Saint (franchise)|''The Saint'']], which includes motion pictures, radio dramas, comic strips, comic books, and three television series.

==Overview==
===Simon Templar===
Simon Templar is a [[Robin Hood]]-like figure known as the Saint—from his initials, per ''[[The Saint Meets the Tiger]]'',<ref>''The Saint Meets the Tiger'' by Leslie Charteris, p. 2, Charter edition, 1980</ref> and the reader is told that he was given the nickname at the age of nineteen. In addition, per ''[[Knight Templar (The Saint)|Knight Templar]]'':<ref>''Knight Templar'' by Leslie Charteris, p. 4, International Polygonics, Ltd., 1989</ref>

{{Poem quote|Meet the Saint.
His godfathers and his godmothers, at his baptism, had bestowed upon him the name of Simon Templar; but that coincidence of initials was not the only reason for the nickname by which he was far more widely known. One day, the story of how he came by that nickname may be told: it is a good story, in its way, though it goes back to the days when the Saint was nineteen, and almost as respectable as he looked. But the name had stuck. It was inevitable that it should stick, for obviously it had been destined to him from the beginning.}}

Templar has aliases, often using the initials S.T. such as "Sebastian Tombs" or "Sugarman Treacle". Blessed with boyish humour, he makes humorous remarks and leaves a "[[calling card (crime)|calling card]]" at his "crimes," a stick figure of a man with a halo over his head. This is used as the logo of the books, the films, and the three TV series. Supposedly, the stick figure was created by Charteris when he was a boy, "...drawing cartoons for his own four-page magazine at 10...."<ref>Introduction by William Ruehlmann, The Saint in New York by Leslie Charteris, International Polygonics, Ltd., New York City, NY, 1988</ref>

He is described as "a buccaneer in the suits of [[Savile Row]], amused, cool, debonair, with hell-for-leather blue eyes and a saintly smile".<ref>Leslie Charteris. ''She Was a Lady''. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1931, p. 26</ref>

His origin remains a mystery; he is explicitly British, but in early books (''e.g.,'' ''[[Meet the Tiger]]'') there are references which suggest that he had spent some time in the United States battling [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]] villains. Presumably, his acquaintance with Bronx sidekick Hoppy Uniatz dates from this period. In the books, his income is derived from the pockets of the "ungodly" (as he terms those who live by a lesser moral code than his own), whom he is given to "socking on the boko." There are references to a "ten percent collection fee" to cover expenses when he extracts large sums from victims, the remainder being returned to the owners, given to charity, shared among Templar's colleagues, or some combination of those possibilities.

Templar's targets include corrupt politicians, warmongers, and other low life. "He claims he's a Robin Hood," says one victim, "but to me he's just a robber and a hood."<ref>''The Sporting Chance'' in ''The Saint Around the World''</ref> Robin Hood appears to be one inspiration for the character; Templar stories were often promoted as featuring "The Robin Hood of modern crime," and this phrase to describe Templar appears in several stories. A term used by Templar to describe his acquisitions is "[[boodle]]," a term also applied to the [[Boodle (short story collection)|short story collection]].

The Saint has a dark side, as he is willing to ruin the lives of the "ungodly," and even kill them, if he feels that more innocent lives can be saved. In the early books, Templar refers to this as murder, although he considers his actions justified and righteous, a view usually shared by partners and colleagues. Several adventures centre on his intention to kill. (For example, "Arizona" in ''[[The Saint Goes West]]'' has Templar planning to kill a [[Nazism|Nazi]] scientist.)

During the 1920s and early 1930s, the Saint is fighting European arms dealers, drug runners, and [[White slavery|white slavers]] while based in his London home. His battles with Rayt Marius mirror the 'four rounds with Carl Petersen' of [[Bulldog Drummond]]. During the first half of the 1940s, Charteris cast Templar as a willing operative of the American government, fighting Nazi interests in the United States during World War II.

Beginning with the "Arizona" novella, Templar is fighting his own war against Germany. ''[[The Saint Steps In]]'' reveals that Templar is operating on behalf of a mysterious American government official known as Hamilton who appears again in the next WWII-era Saint book, ''[[The Saint on Guard]],'' and Templar is shown continuing to act as a secret agent for Hamilton in the first post-war novel, ''[[The Saint Sees it Through]].'' The later books move from confidence games, murder mysteries, and wartime espionage, and place Templar as a global adventurer.

According to ''Saint'' historian [[Burl Barer]], Charteris made the decision to remove Templar from his usual confidence-game trappings, not to mention his usual co-stars Uniatz, girlfriend [[Patricia Holm]], valet Orace, and police foil [[Claud Eustace Teal]], as they were all inappropriate for the post-war stories he was writing.<ref>Burl Barer, ''The Saint: A Complete History in Print, Radio, Film and Television of Leslie Charteris' Robin Hood of Modern Crime, Simon Templar 1928–1992''. Jefferson, N.C.: MacFarland, 2003. {{ISBN|978-0-7864-1680-6}}. {{OCLC|249331526}}.</ref>

Although the Saint functions as an ordinary detective in some stories, others depict ingenious plots to get even with [[vanity press|vanity publishers]] and other rip-off artists, greedy bosses who exploit their workers, con men, etc.

Charteris gave Templar interests and quirks as the series went on. Early talents as an amateur poet and songwriter were displayed, often to taunt villains, though the novella ''[[The Holy Terror (short story collection)|The Inland Revenue]]'' established that poetry was also a hobby. That story revealed that Templar had written an adventure novel featuring a South American hero not far removed from The Saint himself.

Templar also on occasion would break the [[fourth wall]] in an almost [[metafiction]]al sense, making references to being part of a story and mentioning in one early story how he cannot be killed so early on; the 1960s television series would also have Templar address viewers. Charteris in his narrative also frequently breaks the fourth wall by making references to the "chronicler" of the Saint's adventures and directly addressing the reader. In the story "The Sizzling Saboteur" in ''[[The Saint on Guard]]'' Charteris inserts his own name. In the story "Judith" in ''[[Saint Errant]]'' is the line, "'This,' the Saint said to nobody in particular, 'sounds like one of those stories that fellow Charteris might write.'" Furthermore, in the 1955 story "The Unkind Philanthropist," published in the collection ''[[The Saint on the Spanish Main]],'' Templar states outright that (in his fictional universe) his adventures are indeed written about by a man named Leslie Charteris.

===Other recurring characters===
The Saint has many partners, though none last throughout the series. For the first half until the late 1940s, the most recurrent is Patricia Holm, his girlfriend, who was introduced in the first story, the 1928 novel ''[[Meet the Tiger]],'' in which she shows herself a capable adventurer. Holm appeared erratically throughout the series, sometimes disappearing for books at a time. Templar and Holm lived together in a time when common-law relationships were uncommon and, in some areas, illegal.

They have an easy, non-binding relationship, as Templar is shown flirting with other women from time to time. However, his heart remains true to Holm in the early books, culminating in his considering marriage in the novella ''[[The Holy Terror (short story collection)|The Melancholy Journey of Mr. Teal]],'' only to have Holm say that she had no interest in marrying. Holm disappeared in the late 1940s, and according to Barer's history of ''The Saint,'' Charteris refused to allow Templar a steady girlfriend, or Holm to return. (However, according to the Saintly Bible website, Charteris did write a film story that would have seen Templar encountering a son he had had with Holm.) Holm's final appearance as a character was in the short stories "Iris," "Lida," and "Luella," contained within the 1948 collection ''[[Saint Errant]];'' the next direct reference to her does not appear in print until the 1983 novel ''[[Salvage for the Saint]].''

Another recurring character, [[Scotland Yard]] Inspector Claud Eustace Teal, could be found attempting to put the Saint behind bars, although in some books they work in partnership. In ''[[The Saint in New York]],'' Teal's American counterpart, [[New York City Police Department|NYPD]] Inspector John Henry Fernack, was introduced, and he would become, like Teal, an [[Inspector Lestrade]]-like foil and pseudo-nemesis in a number of books, notably the American-based World War II novels of the 1940s.
[[File:SaintGetaway.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Many Saint novels were reprinted in new editions in the 1960s to capitalise on the popular [[The Saint (TV series)|television series]], starring [[Roger Moore]].]]

The Saint had a band of compatriots, including Roger Conway, Norman Kent, Archie Sheridan, Richard "Dicky" Tremayne (a name that appeared in the 1990s TV series, ''[[Twin Peaks]]''), Peter Quentin, Monty Hayward, and his ex-military valet, Orace.

In later stories, the dim-witted and constantly soused but reliable American thug Hoppy Uniatz was at Templar's side. Of the Saint's companions, only Norman Kent was killed during an adventure (he sacrifices himself to save Templar in the novel ''[[The Last Hero (The Saint)|The Last Hero]]''); the other males are presumed to have settled down and married (two to former female criminals: Dicky Tremayne to "Straight Audrey" Perowne and Peter Quentin to Kathleen "The Mug" Allfield; Archie Sheridan is mentioned to have married in "The Lawless Lady" in ''[[Enter the Saint]],'' presumably to Lilla McAndrew after the events of the story "The Wonderful War" in ''[[Featuring the Saint]]).''

===The Hirondel===
The '''Hirondel''' (sometimes misspelled as '''[[Swallow|Hirondelle]]''') is a fictional car driven by [[Simon Templar]]. The Hirondel is an opulent, eight-cylinder, cream and red vehicle costing £5,000 and is a recurring element in many of The Saint books.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://simanaitissays.com/2014/10/31/templar-and-his-hirondel/ | title=Templar and His Hirondel | date=31 October 2014 }}</ref> The Hirondel is also used by Storm (Captain Arden) in the non-Saint novel ''[[Daredevil (novel)|Daredevil]].'' ''Daredevil'' also features inspector Teal.<ref name="watson">{{cite book
	
 | last = Watson
	
 | first = Colin
	
 | title = Snobbery with Violence: Crime Stories and Their Audience
	
 | year = 1979
	
 | publisher = Eyre & Spottiswoode
	
 | isbn = 0-413-46570-5}}</ref><ref name="barer">{{cite book
	
 | last = Barer
	
 | first = Burl
	
 | title = The Saint: A Complete History in Print, Radio, Film and Television of Leslie Charteris' Robin Hood of Modern Crime, Simon Templar, 1928–1992
	
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZMIJ3G_E55oC
	
 | access-date = 2010-06-10
	
 | year = 2003
	
 | publisher = McFarland & Company
	
 | page = 379
	
 | isbn = 0-7864-1680-7}}</ref> The Hirondel was featured in a 1972 issue of ''[[Automobile Quarterly]]'' (Vol. 10 No. 1).

==Publishing history==
[[File:King-of-the-Beggars-ad.jpg|thumb|A novella published in ''[[The American Magazine]]'' in May 1947, "The King of the Beggars" was collected in ''[[Call for the Saint]]'' (1948)]]
The origins of the Saint can be found in early works by Charteris, some of which predated the first Saint novel, 1928's ''Meet the Tiger'', or were written after it but before Charteris committed to writing a Saint series. Burl Barer reveals that an obscure early work, ''[[Daredevil (novel)|Daredevil]]'', not only featured a heroic lead who shared "Saintly" traits (down to driving the same make of car) but also shared his adventures with Inspector Claud Eustace Teal—a character later a regular in Saint books. Barer writes that several early Saint stories were rewritten from non-Saint stories, including the novel ''[[She Was a Lady]]'', which appeared in magazine form featuring a different lead character.

Charteris utilized three formats for delivering his stories. Besides full-length novels, he wrote novellas for the most part published in magazines, notably developing the character in the pages of the British story-paper ''The Thriller'' under the tutelage of Monty Hayden, who was developing the ″Desperado″<ref>{{cite book |last1=Butler |first1=William Vivian |title=The Durable Desperadoes |date=15 October 1973 |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=0333142179 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/durabledesperado00crea }}</ref> character type for the magazine, and these were later collected in hardback books collecting two or three stories per volume. He also wrote [[short story|short stories]] featuring the character, again mostly for magazines and later compiled into omnibus editions. In later years these short stories carried a common theme, such as the women Templar meets or exotic places he visits. With the exception of ''Meet the Tiger'', chapter titles of Templar novels usually contain a descriptive phrase describing the events of the chapter; for example, Chapter Four of ''[[Knight Templar (The Saint)|Knight Templar]]'' is titled "How Simon Templar dozed in the Green Park and discovered a new use for toothpaste".

Although Charteris's novels and novellas had more conventional thriller plots than his confidence game short stories, both novels and stories are admired. As in the past, the appeal lies in the vitality of the character, a hero who can go into a brawl and come out with his hair combed and who, faced with death, lights a cigarette and taunts his enemy with the signature phrase "[[Said the actress to the bishop|As the actress said to the bishop]]&nbsp;..."

The period of the books begins in the 1920s and moves to the 1970s as the 50 books progress (the character being seemingly ageless). In early books most activities are illegal, although directed at villains. In later books, this becomes less so. In books written during World War II, the Saint was recruited by the government to help track spies and similar undercover work.<ref>Templar's behind-the-scenes work for the war effort, only hinted at initially, is confirmed in ''[[The Saint Steps In]]'' (The Crime Club, 1942)</ref> Later he became a cold warrior fighting [[Communism]]. The quality of writing also changes; early books have a freshness which becomes replaced by cynicism in later works. A few Saint stories crossed into science fiction and fantasy, "The Man Who Liked Ants" and the early novel ''[[The Last Hero (The Saint)|The Last Hero]]'' being examples; one Saint short story, "The Darker Drink" (also published as "Dawn"), was even published in the October 1952 issue of ''[[The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/Fantasy_Science_Fiction_v003n06_1952-10|title=Fantasy & Science Fiction v003n06 (1952 10)|date=n.d.|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> When early Saint books were republished in the 1960s to the 1980s, it was not uncommon to see freshly written introductions by Charteris apologizing for the out-of-date tone; according to a Charteris "apology" in a 1969 paperback of ''[[Featuring the Saint]]'', he attempted to update some earlier stories when they were reprinted but gave up and let them sit as period pieces. The 1963 edition of the short story collection ''[[The Happy Highwayman]]'' contains examples of abandoned revisions; in one story published in the 1930s ("The Star Producers"), references to actors of the 1930s were replaced for 1963 with names of current movie stars; another 1930s-era story, "The Man Who Was Lucky", added references to atomic power. Although Templar is depicted as ageless, Charteris occasionally acknowledged the passing of time for those around him, such as in the 1956 short story collection ''[[The Saint Around the World]]'' which features the retirement of Inspector Teal in one story.

Charteris started retiring from writing books following 1963's ''[[The Saint in the Sun]]''. The next book to carry Charteris's name, 1964's ''[[Vendetta for the Saint]]'', was written by [[List of science fiction authors|science fiction author]] [[Harry Harrison (writer)|Harry Harrison]], who had worked on the ''Saint'' comic strip, after which Charteris edited and revised the manuscript. Between 1964 and 1983, another 14 ''Saint'' books would be published, credited to Charteris but written by others. In his introduction to the first, ''[[The Saint on TV]]'', Charteris called these volumes a team effort in which he oversaw selection of stories, initially adaptations of scripts written for the 1962–1969 TV series ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]'', and with [[Fleming Lee]] writing the adaptations (other authors took over from Lee). Charteris and Lee collaborated on two Saint novels in the 1970s, ''[[The Saint in Pursuit]]'' (based on a story by Charteris for the ''Saint'' [[comic strip]]) and ''[[The Saint and the People Importers]]''. The "team" writers were usually credited on the title page, if not the cover. One later volume, ''[[Catch the Saint]]'', was an experiment in returning The Saint to his period, prior to World War II (as opposed to recent Saint books set in the present day). Several later volumes also adapted scripts from the 1970s revival TV series ''[[Return of the Saint]]''.

The last ''Saint'' volume in the line of books starting with ''Meet the Tiger'' in 1928 was ''[[Salvage for the Saint]]'', published in 1983. According to the Saintly Bible website, every Saint book published between 1928 and 1983 saw the first edition issued by [[Hodder & Stoughton]] in the United Kingdom (a company that originally published only religious books) and [[The Crime Club]] (an [[imprint (trade name)|imprint]] of [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] that specialized in mystery and detective fiction) in the United States. For the first 20 years, the books were first published in Britain, with the United States edition following up to a year later. By the late 1940s to early 1950s, this situation had been reversed. In one case—''[[The Saint to the Rescue]]''—a British edition did not appear until nearly two years after the American one.

French language books published over 30 years included translated volumes of Charteris originals as well as novelisations of radio scripts from the English-language radio series and comic strip adaptations. Many of these books credited to Charteris were written by others, including Madeleine Michel-Tyl.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.lofficier.com/saint.html|title=The Saint Novels in French|date=n.d.|website=lofficier.com}}</ref>

Charteris died in 1993. Two additional Saint novels appeared around the time of the [[The Saint (1997 film)|1997 film]] starring [[Val Kilmer]]: a [[The Saint (novel)|novelisation of the film]] (which had little connection to the Charteris stories) and ''[[Capture the Saint]]'', a more faithful work published by The Saint Club  (originated by Charteris in 1936). Both books were written by Burl Barer, who in the early 1990s published a history of the character in books, radio, and television.

Charteris wrote 14 novels between 1928 and 1971 (the last two co-written), 34 novellas, and 95 short stories featuring Simon Templar. Between 1963 and 1997, an additional seven novels and fourteen novellas were written by others.
In 2014, all the Saint books from ''Enter the Saint'' to ''Salvage for the Saint'' (but not ''Meet the Tiger'' nor Burl Barer's ''Capture the Saint'') were republished in both the United Kingdom and United States.

==On radio==<!-- This section is linked from [[Mutual Broadcasting System]] -->
Several radio drama series were produced in North America, Ireland, and Britain. The earliest was for [[RTÉ Radio|Radio Éireann]]'s Radio [[Athlone]] in 1940 and starred [[Terence De Marney]]. Radio Times dated 11 October 1940 refers to "'The Saint' Terence de Marney as the Charteris hero." Both [[NBC]] and [[CBS]] produced ''Saint'' series during 1945, starring [[Edgar Barrier]] and [[Brian Aherne]]. Many early shows were adaptations of published stories, although Charteris wrote several storylines for the series which were novelised as short stories and novellas.

The longest-running radio incarnation was [[Vincent Price]], who played the character in a series between 1947 and 1951 on three networks: [[CBS]], [[Mutual Broadcasting System|Mutual]] and [[NBC]]. Like ''[[The Whistler (radio series)|The Whistler]]'', the program had an opening whistle theme with footsteps. Price left in May 1951, to be replaced by [[Tom Conway]], who played the role for several more months; his brother, [[George Sanders]], had played Templar on film. For more about the Saint on American radio, see ''[[The Saint (radio program)]]''.

The next English-language radio series aired on Springbok Radio in South Africa between 1953 and 1957. These were fresh adaptations of the original stories and starred Tom Meehan. Around 1965 to 1966 the South African version of Lux Radio Theatre produced a single dramatization of ''The Saint''. The English service of South Africa produced another series radio adventures for six months in 1970–1971. The most recent English-language incarnation was a series of three one-hour-long radio plays on [[BBC Radio 4]] in 1995, all adapted from Charteris novels: ''Saint Overboard'', ''The Saint Closes The Case'' and ''The Saint Plays With Fire'', starring [[Paul Rhys]] as Templar.

==In film==
Not long after creating The Saint, Charteris began a long association with [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] as a screenwriter. He was successful in getting a major studio, [[RKO Pictures|RKO Radio Pictures]], interested in a film based on one of his works. The first, ''[[The Saint in New York (film)|The Saint in New York]]'' in 1938, based on the 1935 [[The Saint in New York|novel of the same name]], starred [[Louis Hayward]] as Templar and [[Jonathan Hale]] as Inspector Henry Fernack, the American counterpart of Mr Teal.

The film was a success and RKO began a [[The Saint (film series)|Saint series]]. Some of the films were based on Charteris's original novels or novellas; others were original stories based upon outlines by Charteris. Louis Hayward was no longer available, as he was now under contract to independent producer [[Edward Small]]. The role of Simon Templar went to [[George Sanders]]. Sanders's suave, offhand manner captured the urbane yet daring qualities of the Saint character. 

After five films RKO discontinued American production but made two more films in England, using funds that had been frozen by recent British legislation. Actor [[Hugh Sinclair (actor)|Hugh Sinclair]] played Simon Templar in both films, produced in 1941: ''[[The Saint's Vacation]]'' and ''[[The Saint Meets the Tiger]]''. The second film was shelved until 1943, when it was released by [[Republic Pictures]].

In 1943 RKO launched a new series featuring ''[[The Falcon (fictional detective)|The Falcon]]''. George Sanders again played a debonair adventurer, and "Saint" leading lady [[Wendy Barrie]] was on hand as well. The new Falcon pictures followed the "Saint" pattern so closely that author Charteris sued RKO, charging unfair competition. Charteris told author David Zinman in 1971, "RKO switched to The Falcon, a flagrant carbon copy of their version of The Saint, in my opinion with the single mercenary motive of saving the payments they had to make to me for the film rights."<ref>Leslie Charteris to David Zinman, ''Saturday Afternoon at the Bijou'', Castle Books, 1973; p. 221.</ref> Charteris actually makes fun of The Falcon in his 1943 novel ''[[The Saint Steps In]]'', with a character referring to the Falcon as "a bargain-basement imitation" of The Saint.<ref>Leslie Charteris, ''[[The Saint Steps In]]'' (1943; 1980 Charter Books edition, p. 153).</ref>

In 1953, British [[Hammer Film Productions]] produced ''[[The Saint's Return]]'' (known as ''The Saint's Girl Friday'' in the United States), for which Louis Hayward returned to the role. This was followed by an unsuccessful French production in 1960.

[[File:Roger Moore The Saint 1969.JPG|thumb|right|[[Roger Moore]] as ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]'']]

In the mid-1980s, the ''[[National Enquirer]]'' and other newspapers reported that Roger Moore was planning to produce a movie based on ''The Saint'' with [[Pierce Brosnan]] as Templar, but it was never made. In 1989, six movies were made by Taffner starring [[Simon Dutton]]. These were [[Broadcast syndication|syndicated]] in the United States as part of a series of films titled ''Mystery Wheel of Adventure,'' while in the United Kingdom they were shown as a series on ITV.

In 1991, as detailed by Burl Barer in his 1992 history of ''The Saint,'' plans were announced for a series of motion pictures. Ultimately, however, no such franchise appeared. A feature film ''[[The Saint (1997 film)|The Saint]]'' starring [[Val Kilmer]] was released in 1997, but it diverged in style from the Charteris books, although it did revive Templar's use of aliases. Kilmer's Saint is unable to defeat a Russian gangster in [[hand-to-hand combat]] and is forced to flee; this would have been unthinkable in a Charteris tale. Whereas the original Saint resorted to aliases that had the initials S.T., Kilmer's character used Christian saints, regardless of initials. This Saint refrained from killing, and even his main enemies live to stand trial, whereas Charteris's version had no qualms about taking another life. Kilmer's Saint is presented as a master of disguise, but Charteris's version hardly used the sophisticated ones shown in this film. The film mirrored aspects of Charteris's own life, notably his origins in the Far East, though not in an [[orphanage]] as the film portrayed. Roger Moore features throughout in cameo as the BBC Newsreader heard in Simon Templar's Volvo.

In July 2021, [[Paramount Pictures]] announced a reboot film, with [[Regé-Jean Page]] set to play Templar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/rege-jean-page-the-saint-movie-1234988363/|title=Regé-Jean Page to Star in Paramount's 'The Saint' Reboot|date=27 July 2021|website=hollywoodreporter.com}}</ref>

==On television==
The actor [[Roger Moore]] brought Simon Templar to the new medium of television in the series ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]'', which ran from 1962 to 1969, and Moore remains the actor most closely identified with the character. (According to the book ''Spy Television'' by Wesley Britton, the first actor offered the role was [[Patrick McGoohan]] of ''[[Danger Man]]'' and ''[[The Prisoner]].'')

Other actors played Templar in later series, notably ''[[Return of the Saint]]'' (1978–1979) starring [[Ian Ogilvy]]; the series ran for one season on [[CBS]] and [[ITV (TV channel)|ITV]]. A television pilot for a series to be called ''[[The Saint in Manhattan]]'', starring Australian actor [[Andrew Clarke (actor)|Andrew Clarke]], was shown on CBS in 1987 as part of the ''[[CBS Summer Playhouse]];'' this pilot was produced by [[Donald L. Taffner]], but it never progressed beyond the pilot stage.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0300442/|title= IMBD - The Saint in Manhattan|access-date= 13 March 2025 }}</ref> 
Inspector John Fernack of the [[New York City Police Department|NYPD]], played by [[Kevin Tighe]], made his first film appearance since the 1940s in that production, while Templar (sporting a moustache) got about in a black [[Lamborghini]] bearing the ST1 licence plate.

Since the 1997 Val Kilmer film ''[[The Saint (1997 film)|The Saint]]'', there have been several failed attempts at producing pilots for potential new ''Saint'' television series. On 13 March 2007, [[TNT (U.S. TV network)|TNT]] said it was developing a one-hour series to be executive produced by [[William J. MacDonald (producer)|William J. MacDonald]] and produced by [[Jorge Zamacona]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2007/scene/markets-festivals/tnt-devil-team-for-leverage-1117961093/|title=TNT, Devil team for 'Leverage' – Entertainment News, TV News, Media – Variety|date=n.d.|website=Variety}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://adoraburl.typepad.com/burl_barer/2007/03/the_saint_on_tn.html|title=THE SAINT on TNT|date=n.d.|website=Crime Expert BURL BARER. Edgar Award Winner and NYT Bestselling Author}}</ref> [[James Purefoy]] was announced as the new Simon Templar.<ref>[http://www.lesliecharteris.com/charteris_news.htm Lesliecharteris.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213025600/http://www.lesliecharteris.com/charteris_news.htm |date=13 December 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saint.org/blog/2007/12/james-purefoy-to-play-simon-templar-in.html|title=James Purefoy To Play Simon Templar in The Saint – The Saint News|date=n.d.|website=saint.org}}</ref> Production of the pilot, which was to have been directed by [[Barry Levinson]], did not go ahead.<ref>''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'': [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3i1da5db18eb0203bb6af7cdc7aa6f647c "James Purefoy circles NBC series"], 21 July 2008. Retrieved 5 August 2008.</ref> Another attempt at production was planned for 2009 with Scottish actor [[Dougray Scott]] starring as Simon Templar. Roger Moore announced on his website that he would be appearing in the new production, which was being produced by his son, Geoffrey Moore, in a small role.<ref>[http://www.roger-moore.com/sirrogermoore/august2009.htm Roger-moore.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090925020053/http://www.roger-moore.com/sirrogermoore/august2009.htm |date=25 September 2009 }}</ref>

It was announced in December 2012 that a third attempt would be made to produce a pilot for a potential TV series. This time, English actor [[Adam Rayner]] was cast as Simon Templar and American actress [[Eliza Dushku]] as Patricia Holm (a character from the novels never before portrayed on television and only once in the films), with Roger Moore producing.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://deadline.com/2012/12/eliza-dushku-to-co-star-in-the-saint-backdoor-pilot-roger-moore-to-co-produce-385907/|title= Eliza Dushku To Co-Star In 'The Saint' Backdoor Pilot, Roger Moore To Co-Produce|first= Nellie|last= Andreeva|work= Deadline Hollywood|date= 10 December 2012|access-date= 17 December 2012}}</ref> Unlike the prior attempts, production of the Rayner pilot did commence in December 2012 and continued into early 2013, with Moore and Ogilvy making cameo appearances, according to a cast list posted on the official Leslie Charteris website<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.lesliecharteris.com/|title= News – December 17, 2012|work= lesliecharteris.com|date= 17 December 2012|access-date= 21 January 2013}}</ref> and subsequently confirmed in the trailer that was released.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qhEI_jDRZw8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/qhEI_jDRZw8| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|title=The Saint promo|last=Ian Dickerson|date=1 April 2013|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The pilot was not picked up for a series, but a large amount of additional footage was shot to complete it as the television film ''[[The Saint (2017 film)|The Saint]]'', released on 11 July 2017.

===Films===
Since 1938, numerous films have been produced in the United States, France and Australia based to varying degrees upon the Saint. A few were based, usually loosely, upon Charteris's stories, but most were original.

This is a list of the films featuring Simon Templar and of the actors who played the Saint:

* ''[[The Saint in New York (film)|The Saint in New York]]'' (1938 – [[Louis Hayward]])
* ''[[The Saint Strikes Back]]'' (1939 – [[George Sanders]])
* ''[[The Saint in London]]'' (1939 – Sanders; produced in the UK by RKO's British unit)
* ''[[The Saint's Double Trouble]]'' (1940 – Sanders)
* ''[[The Saint Takes Over]]'' (1940 – Sanders)
* ''[[The Saint in Palm Springs]]'' (1941 – Sanders)
* ''[[The Saint's Vacation]]'' (1941 – [[Hugh Sinclair (actor)|Hugh Sinclair]]; produced in the UK by RKO)
* ''[[The Saint Meets the Tiger]]'' (produced in the UK by RKO in 1941, released in 1943 by Republic – Sinclair)
* ''[[The Saint's Return]]'' (1953 – Hayward) – aka ''The Saint's Girl Friday''
* ''[[Le Saint mène la danse]]'' (1960 – [[Félix Marten]])
* ''[[Le Saint prend l'affût]]'' (1966 – [[Jean Marais]])
* ''[[The Saint and the Fiction Makers|The Fiction Makers]]'' (1968 – [[Roger Moore]]) – edited from episodes of ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]''
* ''[[Vendetta for the Saint]]'' (1969 – Moore) – edited from episodes of ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]''
* ''[[The Saint (1997 film)|The Saint]]'' (1997 – [[Val Kilmer]])

In the 1930s, RKO purchased the rights to produce a film adaptation of ''[[Saint Overboard]],'' but no such movie was ever produced.

===Television films===
* ''[[Return of the Saint|The Saint and the Brave Goose]]'' (1979 made for TV – [[Ian Ogilvy]]) – edited from episodes of ''[[Return of the Saint]]''
* ''[[The Saint in Manhattan]]'' (1987 made for TV – [[Andrew Clarke (actor)|Andrew Clarke]])
* ''The Saint'' – six 100-minute TV films, all starring [[Simon Dutton]]. Made for [[London Weekend Television]] (LWT) in the United Kingdom, it was postponed due to poor ratings, but went out as part of ''The Mystery Wheel of Adventure'' in the United States:
** ''[[The Saint: Wrong Number]]'' (21 July 1990, postponed from 14 July 1990 – [[Simon Dutton]])
** ''[[The Saint: The Software Murders]]'' (4 August 1990 – Dutton)
** ''[[The Saint: The Brazilian Connection]]'' (2 September 1989 – Dutton)
** ''[[The Saint: The Blue Dulac]]'' (9 September 1989 – Dutton)
** ''[[The Saint: The Big Bang]]'' (28 July 1990 – Dutton)
** ''[[Fear in Fun Park]]'', a.k.a. ''[[The Saint in Australia]]'' (14 July 1990, postponed from 16 September 1989 & 7 July 1990 – Dutton)
* ''[[The Saint (2017 film)|The Saint]]'' (2017 made for TV – [[Adam Rayner]])

===Television series===
:''This list includes only productions that became TV series, and does not include pilots.''
* ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]'' (1962–1969 – Roger Moore)
* ''[[Return of the Saint]]'' (1978–1979 – Ian Ogilvy)

===Note===
Three of the actors to play Templar—Roger Moore, Ian Ogilvy, and Simon Dutton—have been appointed vice presidents of "The Saint Club" that was founded by Leslie Charteris in 1936.

==On the stage==
In the late 1940s Charteris and sometime [[Sherlock Holmes]] scriptwriter Denis Green wrote a stage play titled ''The Saint Misbehaves''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://com4.runboard.com/bthesaintonline.f13.t191|title=Runboard forum page|date=n.d.|website=runboard.com}}</ref>
It was never publicly performed, as soon after writing it Charteris decided to focus on non-Saint work. For many years it was thought to be lost; however, two copies are known to exist in private hands, and correspondence relating to the play can be found in the Leslie Charteris Collection at [[Boston University]].

==In comics==
{{Infobox Comic strip
| title= The Saint
| image= [[File:Lubberssaint10459.jpg|230px]]
| caption= [[Bob Lubbers]]' ''The Saint'' (4 October 1959)
| creator= [[Leslie Charteris]]
| current =
| illustrator = {{Plain list|
* [[Mike Roy (comics)|Mike Roy]] (1948–1951)
* John Spranger (1951–1959)
* [[Bob Lubbers]] (1959–1960)
* [[Doug Wildey]] (1960–1961)
}}
| status= Concluded Daily & Sunday
| syndicate= [[New York Herald Tribune Syndicate]]
| publisher= [[Avon Comics]]
| genre= Adventure
| first= 27 September 1948
| last= 16 September 1961
}}{{DISPLAYTITLE:The Saint (Simon Templar)|noerror}}<!-- Placed here to override the second infobox in the article. -->

The Saint appeared in a long-running series starting as a [[daily comic strip]] 27 September 1948 with a Sunday added on 20 March the following year. The early strips were written by Leslie Charteris, who had previous experience writing comic strips, having replaced [[Dashiell Hammett]] as the writer of the ''[[Secret Agent X-9]]'' strip. The original artist was [[Mike Roy (comics)|Mike Roy]]. In 1951, when John Spranger replaced Roy as the artist, he altered the Saint's appearance by depicting him with a beard. [[Bob Lubbers]] illustrated ''The Saint'' in 1959 and 1960. The final two years of the strip were drawn by [[Doug Wildey]] before it came to an end on 16 September 1961.

Concurrent with the comic strip, [[Avon Comics]] published 12 issues of a ''The Saint'' comic book between 1947 and 1952 (some of these stories were reprinted in the 1980s). Some issues included uncredited short text stories; one of these, "Danger No. 5", also appeared as filler in issue 2 of the 1952 war comic ''Captain Steve Savage''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/CaptainSteveSavage1st02_323|title=Captain Steve Savage (1st) 02|last=Avon Comics|date=n.d.|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>

The 1960s TV series is unusual in that it is one of the few major programs of its genre that was not adapted as a comic book in the United States. It was, however, adapted as a comic strip in the British weekly comic ''[[TV Century 21|TV Tornado (later merging with TV21)]]'', where it ran from 1967 to 1970, drawn by [[Vicente Alcazar]]. The strip was titled ''Meet the Saint'' in later issues.

In Sweden, a long-running Saint comic book was published from 1966 to 1985 under the title ''Helgonet''.<ref>[[:sv:Helgonet (serietidning)]]</ref>{{Better source needed|date=December 2018|reason=[[WP:CIRCULAR]]}} It originally reprinted the newspaper strip, but already in 1969 original stories were commissioned for ''Helgonet''. These stories were also later reprinted in other European countries. About 170 stories were produced from 1969 to 1991 (after 1985, the stories were published in the Swedish ''James Bond'' comic book). Two of the main writers were [[Norman Worker]] and Donne Avenell; the latter also co-wrote the novels ''[[The Saint and the Templar Treasure]]'' and the novella collection ''[[Count on the Saint]]'', while Worker contributed to the novella collection ''[[Catch the Saint]]''.

A new American comic book series was launched by [[Moonstone Books|Moonstone]] in the summer of 2012, but it never went beyond a single promotional issue "zero".<ref>[http://www.comics.org/series/69051/ Grand Comics Database entry]. Retrieved 6 March 2015</ref>

[[File:SaintMagazine.jpg|right|thumb|200px|One of the final issues of ''The Saint Magazine'' from 1967 featured reprints of the Saint stories "The Export Trade" and "The Five Thousand Pound Kiss", as well as a novella by [[Michael Avallone]], here erroneously credited as the creator of ''[[The Man from U.N.C.L.E.]]'']]

==In magazines==
The original Saint novellas first appeared in ''The Thriller'' (1929–1940), edited by Monty Hayden, a friend of the author, who was sometimes given a thinly disguised role in the early stories. Charteris also edited or oversaw several magazines that tied in with the Saint. The first of these were anthologies titled ''The Saint's Choice'' that ran for seven issues in 1945–46. A few years later Charteris launched ''The Saint Detective Magazine'' (later titled ''The Saint Mystery Magazine'' and ''The Saint Magazine''), which ran for 141 issues between 1953 and 1967, with a separate British edition that ran just as long but published different material. In most issues of ''Saint's Choice'' and the later magazines Charteris included at least one Saint story, usually previously published in one of his books but occasionally original. In several mid-1960s issues, however, he substituted ''Instead of the Saint'', a series of essays on topics of interest to him. The rest of the material in the magazines consisted of novellas and short stories by other mystery writers of the day. An Australian edition was also published for a few years in the 1950s. In 1984 Charteris attempted to revive the ''Saint'' magazine, but it ran for only three issues.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.philsp.com/mags/saint.html|title=The Saint (Detective/Mystery) Magazine|date=n.d.|website=philsp.com}}</ref>

Leslie Charteris himself portrayed The Saint in ''The Saint Goes West'', a photo play in an issue of ''[[Life (magazine)|Life magazine]]'' published in 19 May 1941. Other performers in the piece were [[Morgan Conway]], Lucia Carroll and [[Marjorie Woodworth]].<ref>{{cite web |title=LIFE Magazine May 19, 1941|url=https://www.originallifemagazines.com/product/life-magazine-may-19-1941/ |access-date=3 February 2024|work=originallifemagazines.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=With Further Ado #159: Summer Beach Reading …with the Saint|url=https://popculturesquad.com/tag/leslie-charteris/ |access-date=3 February 2024|work=popculturesquad.com|date=11 August 2021 }}</ref>

==Book series==
Most Saint books were collections of novellas or short stories, some of which were published individually either in magazines or in smaller paperback form. Many of the books have also been published under different titles over the years; the titles used here are the more common ones for each book.

From 1964 to 1983, the Saint books were collaborative works; Charteris acted in an editorial capacity and received front cover author credit, while other authors wrote these stories and were credited inside the book. These collaborative authors are noted. (Sources: Barer and the editions themselves.)

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! First publication title<br />(and author if not Charteris)
! Stories
! Alternative titles
|-
! align="center" | 1928
| ''[[Meet the Tiger]]''
| novel
| ''Meet – the Tiger!''<br />''The Saint Meets the Tiger''<br />''Scoundrels Ltd.''<br />''Crooked Gold''<br />''The Saint in Danger''
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" | 1930
| ''[[Enter the Saint]]''
| "The Man Who was Clever"<br />"The Policeman with Wings"<br />"The Lawless Lady"<br />(Some editions contain only two stories, in different combinations)
| none
|-
| ''[[The Last Hero (The Saint)|The Last Hero]]''
| rowspan="2" | novel
| ''The Creeping Death''<br />''Sudden Death''<br />''The Saint Closes the Case''<br />''The Saint and the Last Hero''
|-
| ''[[Knight Templar (The Saint)|Knight Templar]]''
| ''The Avenging Saint''
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" | 1931
| ''[[Featuring the Saint]]''<br />(originally published UK only)
| "The Logical Adventure"<br />"The Wonderful War"<br />"The Man Who Could Not Die"
| rowspan="2" | none
|-
| ''[[Alias the Saint]]''<br />(originally published UK only)
| "Story of a Dead Man"<br />"The Impossible Crime"<br />"The National Debt"<br />Avon paperback contains only "The National Debt" and "The Man Who Could Not Die" from the previous book.
|-
| ''[[Wanted for Murder]]''<br />(US only)
| US-only edition combining ''Featuring the Saint'' and ''Alias the Saint'' (only US edition of these books until the 1960s)<br />Avon paperback has only "The Story of a Dead Man" and "The Impossible Crime" from the previous book.
| ''Paging the Saint''
|-
| ''[[She Was a Lady]]''
| novel
| ''The Saint Meets His Match''<br />''Angels of Doom''
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" | 1932
| ''[[The Holy Terror (short story collection)|The Holy Terror]]''
| "The Inland Revenue"<br />"The Million Pound Day"<br />"The Melancholy Journey of Mr. Teal"
| ''The Saint Vs. Scotland Yard''
|-
| ''[[Getaway (The Saint)|Getaway]]''
| novel
| ''The Saint's Getaway''<br />''Property of the Deceased''<br />''Two Men from Munich''
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" | 1933
| ''[[Once More the Saint]]''
| "The Gold Standard"<br />"The Man from St. Louis"<br />"The Death Penalty"
| ''The Saint and Mr. Teal''
|-
| ''[[The Brighter Buccaneer]]''
| "The Brain Workers"<br />"The Export Trade"<br />"The Tough Egg"<br />"The Bad Baron"<br />"The Brass Buddha"<br />"The Perfect Crime"<br />"The Unpopular Landlord"<br />"The New Swindle"<br />"The Five Thousand Pound Kiss"<br />"The Blind Spot"<br />"The Unusual Ending"<br />"The Unblemished Bootlegger"<br />"The Appalling Politician"<br />"The Owner's Handicap"<br />"The Green Goods Man"
| none
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" | 1934
| ''[[The Misfortunes of Mr. Teal]]''
| "The Simon Templar Foundation"<br />"The Higher Finance"<br />"The Art of Alibi"
| ''The Saint in London''<br />''The Saint in England''
|-
| ''[[Boodle (short story collection)|Boodle]]''
| "The Ingenious Colonel"<br />"The Unfortunate Financier"<br />"The Newdick Helicopter"<br />"The Prince of Cherkessia"<br />"The Treasure of Turk's Lane"<br />"The Sleepless Knight"<br />"The Uncritical Publisher"<br />"The Noble Sportsman"<br />"The Damsel in Distress"<br />"The Loving Brothers"<br />"The Tall Timber"<br />"The Art Photographer"<br />"The Man Who Liked Toys"<br />"The Mixture as Before"<br />(some editions omit the stories "The Uncritical Publisher" and "The Noble Sportsman")
| ''The Saint Intervenes''
|-
| ''[[The Saint Goes On]]''
| "The High Fence"<br />"The Elusive Ellshaw"<br />"The Case of the Frightened Innkeeper"
| rowspan="2" | none
|-
! align="center" | 1935
| ''[[The Saint in New York]]''
| rowspan="2" | novel
|-
! align="center" | 1936
| ''[[Saint Overboard]]''
| ''The Pirate Saint''<br />''The Saint Overboard''
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" | 1937
| ''[[The Ace of Knaves]]''
| "The Spanish War"<br />"The Unlicensed Victuallers"<br />"The Beauty Specialist"
| ''The Saint in Action''
|-
| ''[[Thieves' Picnic]]''
| novel
| ''The Saint Bids Diamonds''
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" | 1938
| ''[[Prelude for War]]''
| novel
| ''The Saint Plays with Fire''<br />''The Saint and the Sinners''
|-
| ''[[Follow the Saint]]''
| "The Miracle Tea Party"<br />"The Invisible Millionaire"<br />"The Affair of Hogsbotham"
| rowspan="5" | none
|-
! align="center" | 1939
| ''[[The Happy Highwayman]]''
| "The Man Who was Lucky"<br />"The Smart Detective"<br />"The Wicked Cousin"<br />"The Well-Meaning Mayor"<br />"The Benevolent Burglary"<br />"The Star Producers"<br />"The Charitable Countess"<br />"The Mug's Game"<br />"The Man Who Liked Ants"<br />(some editions omit the stories "The Charitable Countess" and "The Mug's Game"; story order also varies between editions)
|-
! align="center" | 1940
| ''[[The Saint in Miami]]''
| novel
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" | 1942
| ''[[The Saint Goes West]]''
| "Arizona"<br />"Palm Springs"<br />"Hollywood"<br />(Some editions omit "Arizona")
|-
| ''[[The Saint Steps In]]''
| novel
|-
! align="center" |1944
| ''[[The Saint on Guard]]''
| "The Black Market"<br />"The Sizzling Saboteur"<br />(Some editions omit the second story, which is often published on its own)
| ''The Saint and the Sizzling Saboteur'' (single story reprint)
|-
! align="center" | 1946
| ''[[The Saint Sees it Through]]''
| novel
| rowspan="27" | none
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" | 1948
| ''[[Call for the Saint]]''
| "The King of the Beggars"<br />"The Masked Angel"
|-
| ''[[Saint Errant]]''
| "Judith: The Naughty Niece"<br />"Iris: The Old Routine"<br />"Lida: The Foolish Frail"<br />"Jeannine: The Lovely Sinner"<br />"Lucia: The Homecoming of Amadeo Urselli"<br />"Teresa: The Uncertain Widow"<br />"Luella: The Saint and the Double Badger"<br />"Emily: The Doodlebug"<br />"Dawn: The Darker Drink"
|-
! align="center" | 1953
| ''[[The Saint in Europe]]''
| "Paris: The Covetous Headsman"<br />"Amsterdam: The Angel's Eye"<br />"The Rhine: The Rhine Maiden"<br />"Tirol: The Golden Journey"<br />"Lucerne: The Loaded Tourist"<br />"Juan-les-Pins: The Spanish Cow"<br />"Rome: The Latin Touch"
|-
! align="center" | 1955
| ''[[The Saint on the Spanish Main]]''
| "Bimini: The Effete Angler"<br />"Nassau: The Arrow of God"<br />"Jamaica: The Black Commissar"<br />"Puerto Rico: The Unkind Philanthropist"<br />"Virgin Islands: The Old Treasure Story"<br />"Haiti: The Questing Tycoon"<br />(some editions contain only 4 stories)
|-
! align="center" | 1956
| ''[[The Saint Around the World]]''
| "Bermuda: The Patient Playboy"<br />"England: The Talented Husband"<br />"France: The Reluctant Nudist"<br />"Middle East: The Lovelorn Sheik"<br />"Malaya: The Pluperfect Lady"<br />"Vancouver: The Sporting Chance"
|-
! align="center" | 1957
| ''[[Thanks to the Saint]]''
| "The Bunco Artists"<br />"The Happy Suicide"<br />"The Good Medicine"<br />"The Unescapable Word"<br />"The Perfect Sucker"<br />"The Careful Terrorist"
|-
! align="center" | 1958
| ''[[Señor Saint]]''
| "The Pearls of Peace"<br />"The Revolution Racket"<br />"The Romantic Matron"<br />"The Golden Frog"
|-
! align="center" | 1959
| ''[[The Saint to the Rescue]]''
| "The Ever-Loving Spouse"<br />"The Fruitful Land"<br />"The Percentage Player"<br />"The Water Merchant"<br />"The Gentle Ladies"<br />"The Element of Doubt"
|-
! align="center" | 1962
| ''[[Trust the Saint]]''
| "The Helpful Pirate"<br />"The Bigger Game"<br />"The Cleaner Cure"<br />"The Intemperate Reformer"<br />"The Uncured Ham"<br />"The Convenient Monster"
|-
! align="center" | 1963
| ''[[The Saint in the Sun]]''
| "Cannes: The Better Mousetrap"<br />"St. Tropez: The Ugly Impresario"<br />"England: The Prodigal Miser"<br />"Nassau: The Fast Women"<br />"Florida: The Jolly Undertaker"<br />"Lucerne: The Russian Prisoner"<br />"Provence: The Hopeless Heiress"
|-
! align="center" | 1964
| ''[[Vendetta for the Saint]]''<br />([[Harry Harrison (writer)|Harry Harrison]], Leslie Charteris)
| novel
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" | 1968
| ''[[The Saint on TV]]''<br />([[Fleming Lee]], [[John Kruse]])
| "The Death Game"<br />"The Power Artist"<br />(novelisation of TV scripts)
|-
| ''[[The Saint Returns]]''<br />(Fleming Lee, John Kruse, [[D.R. Motton]], [[Leigh Vance]])
| "The Dizzy Daughter"<br />"The Gadget Lovers"<br />(novelisation of TV scripts)
|-
| ''[[The Saint and the Fiction Makers]]''<br />(Fleming Lee, John Kruse)
| novelisation of TV script
|-
! align="center" | 1969
| ''[[The Saint Abroad]]''<br />(Fleming Lee, [[Michael Pertwee]])
| "The Art Collectors"<br />"The Persistent Patriots"<br />(novelisation of TV scripts)
|-
! align="center" | 1970
| ''[[The Saint in Pursuit]]''<br />(Fleming Lee, Leslie Charteris)
| novelization of comic strip
|-
! align="center" | 1971
| ''[[The Saint and the People Importers]]''<br />(Fleming Lee, Leslie Charteris)
| novelisation of TV script
|-
! align="center" | 1975
| ''[[Catch the Saint]]''<br />(Fleming Lee, [[Norman Worker]])
| "The Masterpiece Merchant"<br />"The Adoring Socialite"
|-
! align="center" | 1976
| ''[[The Saint and the Hapsburg Necklace]]''<br />([[Christopher Short]])
| novel
|-
! align="center" | 1977
| ''[[Send for the Saint]]''<br />([[Peter Bloxsom]], John Kruse, [[Donald James (writer)|Donald James]])
| "The Midas Double"<br />"The Pawn Gambit"<br />(novelisation of TV scripts)
|-
! align="center" | 1978
| ''[[The Saint in Trouble]]''<br />([[Graham Weaver]], John Kruse, [[Terence Feely]])
| "The Imprudent Professor"<br />(''Return of the Saint'' episode novelisation)<br />"The Red Sabbath"
|-
! align="center" | 1979
| ''[[The Saint and the Templar Treasure]]''<br />(Graham Weaver, [[Donne Avenell]])
| novel
|-
! align="center" | 1980
| ''[[Count on the Saint]]''<br />(Graham Weaver, Donne Avenell)
| "The Pastors' Problem"<br />"The Unsaintly Santa"
|-
! align="center" | 1983
| ''[[Salvage for the Saint]]''<br />(Peter Bloxsom, John Kruse)
| novel<br />(''Return of the Saint'' episode novelisation)
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" | 1997
| ''[[The Saint (novel)|The Saint]]''<br />([[Burl Barer]], [[Jonathan Hensleigh]], [[Wesley Strick]])
| film novelization
|-
| ''[[Capture the Saint]]''<br />(Burl Barer)
| novel
|}

===Omnibus editions===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! First publication title
! Stories
! From
|-
! align="center" | 1939
| ''[[The First Saint Omnibus]]''
| ''The Man Who was Clever''<br />''The Wonderful War''<br />''The Story of a Dead Man''<br />''The Unblemished Bootlegger''<br />''The Appalling Politician''<br />''The Million Pound Day''<br />''The Death Penalty''<br />''The Simon Templar Foundation''<br />''The Unfortunate Financier''<br />''The Sleepless Knight''<br />''The High Fence''<br />''The Unlicensed Victuallers''<br />''The Affair of Hogsbotham''
| ''Enter the Saint''<br />''Featuring the Saint''<br />''Alias the Saint''<br />''The Brighter Buccaneer''<br />''The Brighter Buccaneer''<br />''The Holy Terror''<br />''Once More the Saint''<br />''The Misfortunes of Mr Teal''<br />''Boodle''<br />''Boodle''<br />''The Saint Goes On''<br />''The Ace of Knaves''<br />''Follow the Saint''
|-
! align="center" | 1952
| ''[[The Second Saint Omnibus]]''
| ''The Star Producers''<br />''The Wicked Cousin''<br />''The Man Who Liked Ants''<br />''Palm Springs''<br />''The Sizzling Saboteur''<br />''The Masked Angel''<br />''Judith''<br />''Jeannine''<br />''Teresa''<br />''Dawn'' 
| ''The Happy Highwayman''<br />''The Happy Highwayman''<br />''The Happy Highwayman''<br />''The Saint Goes West''<br />''The Saint on Guard''<br />''Call For the Saint''<br />''Saint Errant''<br />''Saint Errant''<br />''Saint Errant''<br />''Saint Errant''
|}

In addition to the above, numerous paperback omnibuses compiling short stories and novellas have been published. Examples include ''Arrest the Saint'' (Avon, 1951), ''Concerning the Saint'' (Avon, 1958) and ''The Saint Cleans Up'' (Avon, 1959). In 1983, Avenel Books published the hardcover omnibus ''The Saint: Five Complete Novels'', though this was actually three novellas and two full-length novels, combining the books ''Enter the Saint'', ''The Holy Terror'' (a.k.a. ''The Saint vs. Scotland Yard''), ''The Last Hero'' (a.k.a. ''The Saint Closes the Case'') and ''Knight Templar'' (a.k.a. ''The Avenging Saint'').

===French adventures===
A number of ''Saint'' adventures were published in French over a 30-year period, most of which have yet to be published in English. Many of these stories were [[Ghostwriter|ghostwritten]] by [[Madeleine Michel-Tyl]] and credited to Charteris (who exercised some editorial control). The French books were generally novelisations of scripts from the radio series, or novels adapted from stories in the American ''Saint'' comic strip. One of the writers who worked on the French series, Fleming Lee, later wrote for the English-language books.<ref name="autogenerated1" />

===Unpublished works===
Burl Barer's history of the Saint identifies two manuscripts that to date have not been published. The first is a collaboration between Charteris and Fleming Lee called ''[[Bet on the Saint]]'' that was rejected by Doubleday, the American publishers of the Saint series. Charteris, Barer writes, chose not to submit it to his United Kingdom publishers, Hodder & Stoughton. The rejection of the manuscript by Doubleday meant that The Crime Club's long-standing right of first refusal on any new Saint works was now ended and the manuscript was then submitted to other United States publishers, without success. Barer also tells of a 1979 novel titled ''[[The Saint's Lady]]'' by a Scottish fan, Joy Martin, which had been written as a present for and as a tribute to Charteris. Charteris was impressed by the manuscript and attempted to get it published, but it too was ultimately rejected. The manuscript, which according to Barer is in the archives of [[Boston University]], features the return of Patricia Holm.

According to the Saintly Bible website, at one time Leslie Charteris biographer [[Ian Dickerson]] was working on a manuscript (based upon a film story idea by Charteris) for a new novel titled ''Son of the Saint'' in which Templar shares an adventure with his son by Patricia Holm. The book has, to date, not been published.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saint.org/faq.htm#q21|title=The Saint and Leslie Charteris FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions|date=n.d.|website=saint.org}}</ref>

A fourth unpublished manuscript, this time written by Charteris himself, titled ''[[The Saint's Second Front]]'' was written during the Second World War but was rejected at the time; believed lost for decades, it emerged at an auction in 2017.

== In popular culture ==
 
In the 2003 BBC documentary series ''Heroes and Weapons of World War II'' episode titled "The Man Who Designed the Spitfire" (Episode 2) at approximately 18 minutes in the film an RAF pilot is seen at rest in his dispersal hut with a large Saint stick-man logo on his flying gear (see image at right). He is perhaps showing some personal identification with Simon Templar's own war against Germany in the novella ''Arizona''.<ref>Britain's Greatest Generation documentary series, Episode 2. First broadcast on BBC2 on Friday, 27 January 2003.</ref>

In 1980 English punk band [[Splodgenessabounds]] released a single "Simon Templer" (misspelling intentional). It reached number 7 in the UK charts. The song appears mocking of the TV character, concluding "I think Simon's a bit of a bore/Ian Ogilvy and Podgy Moore."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ifyouwerethere1980s.wordpress.com/tag/splodgenessabounds/|title=Splodgenessabounds – If You Were There|date=n.d.|website=ifyouwerethere1980s.wordpress.com}}</ref>

In 1962 students from [[James Cook University]], [[Townsville]], Australia abseiled down the pink granite monolith, [[Castle Hill, Townsville|Castle Hill]] and painted the character on its side as an act of patriotism, as the university had adopted the character as their mascot. At first, the local council (and some of the public) considered this vandalism and removed it, only for the students to keep repainting it. The council eventually gave up, and The Saint has been a permanent fixture since the 1970s. The irony now is that Queensland State Legislation states that objects older than 30 years old are eligible for cultural heritage status. This means that The Saint, originally a piece of graffiti, is now a Townsville Cultural Heritage icon.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Castle Hill Saint Turns 55 Today!|url=https://www.triplem.com.au/story/the-castle-hill-saint-turns-55-today-21042|access-date=2022-01-03|website=Triple M|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Simon Templar}}
*[http://www.saint.org The Saintly Bible: large site about Leslie Charteris's creation (including news blog)]
*[http://www.lesliecharteris.com Official site for Leslie Charteris]
*[http://www.lofficier.com/saint.html The Saint Novels in French]
*[http://otrsite.com/logs/logs1031.htm Listing of all English-language Saint radio programs]
*Public domain recordings of [https://archive.org/details/TheSaintVincentPriceOTR Saint radio episodes] in MP3 format, starring Vincent Price
* [http://www.saint.org/hirondel.htm The Saint's Hirondel]—Article at www.saint.org
* [http://www.saint.org/the-saints-car.htm The Cars of The Saint]—Article at [[Daredevil (novel)|www.saint.org]]
* [http://www.skyblueteal.co.uk/page18.htm Teal Cars]—A Bugatti-inspired recreation of the Hirondel as it might have been {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727153431/http://www.skyblueteal.co.uk/page18.htm |date=2016-07-27 }}

{{The Saint}}
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[[Category:The Saint (Simon Templar)| ]]
[[Category:Characters in British novels of the 20th century]]
[[Category:Characters of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction]]
[[Category:Literary characters introduced in 1928]]
[[Category:Fictional characters who break the fourth wall]]
[[Category:Fictional con artists]]
[[Category:Fictional amateur detectives]]
[[Category:Fictional British detectives]]
[[Category:Fictional English people]]
[[Category:Fictional gentleman thieves]]
[[Category:Fictional vigilantes]]
[[Category:Spy film characters]]
[[Category:British novels adapted into films]]
[[Category:British novels adapted into plays]]
[[Category:Novels adapted into comics]]
[[Category:British novels adapted into television shows]]
[[Category:British novels adapted for radio]]
[[Category:Male characters in literature]]