View source for Tokchon

{{other uses|Tokchon (artillery)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Tŏkch'ŏn
| native_name             = {{nobold|덕천}}
| native_name_lang        = ko
| official_name           = 
| settlement_type         = [[List of cities in North Korea|Municipal City]]
|translit_lang1_type    = [[Hangul|Chosŏn'gŭl]]
|translit_lang1_info    = 덕천시
| translit_lang1          = Korean
| translit_lang1_type1    = [[Hancha]]
| translit_lang1_info1    = {{linktext|德|川|市}}
| translit_lang1_type2    = {{nowrap|[[McCune–Reischauer]]}}
| translit_lang1_info2    = Tŏkch'ŏn-si
| translit_lang1_type3    = {{nowrap|[[Revised Romanization]]}}
| translit_lang1_info3    = Deokcheon-si
| image_skyline           = 
| imagesize               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_map               = DPRK2006 Pyongnam-Dokchon.PNG
| mapsize                 = 270px
| map_caption             = Map of South Pyongan showing the location of Tokchon
| image_map1              = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=9}}
| pushpin_map             = North Korea
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location within North Korea
| coordinates             = {{coord|39.761|126.312|type:city|format=dms|display=title,inline}}
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = [[North Korea]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Provinces of North Korea|Province]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[South Pyongan Province|South P'yŏngan]]
| area_total_km2          = 
| population_as_of        = 2008
| population_total        = 237,133
| population_density_km2  = 
| population_blank1_title = Dialect
| population_blank1       = [[Pyongan dialect|P'yŏngan]]
| parts_type              = [[Administrative divisions of North Korea|Administrative divisions]]
| parts                   = 22 ''tong'', 10 ''ri''
| timezone               = [[Time in North Korea|Pyongyang Time]]
| utc_offset             = +9
}}
'''Tŏkch'ŏn''' ({{IPA|ko|tʌk̚.tsʰʌn}}) is a [[Administrative divisions of North Korea|''si'']], or city, in northern [[South Pyongan Province|South P'yŏngan]] province, [[North Korea]]. It is bordered by [[Nyongwon County|Nyŏngwŏn]] and [[Maengsan County|Maengsan]] to the east, [[Kujang County|Kujang]] county in [[North Pyongan Province|North P'yŏngan]] province to the north, [[Kaechon|Kaech'ŏn]] to the west and [[Pukchang County|Pukch'ang]] to the south. It was known as Tokugawa during Japanese rule.

==History==

A 1984 survey unearthed fragmented pieces of pottery about 3km north from the Tokchon city limits dating from the Juelmun pottery period. However, little is known about the founding of the current city of Tokchon. The earliest records of Tokchon point to a Goryeo period founding of around with scriptures mentioning a fort named Bajung (바중) owned by a local lord c.950 A.D. The city was only named the current Tokchon during the Choson period (1392-1897). The city was heavily bombed by the USAF in the Korean War, with estimates of 65% of the city destroyed and 15-25,000 killed. On April 28, 2017, a [[Hwasong-12]] [[intermediate-range ballistic missile]] launched from near [[Pukchang Airport]] reportedly crashed into Ch'ŏngsin-dong, Tokchon, damaging several structures in the city.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]] |title=When a North Korean Missile Accidentally Hit a North Korean City |first1=Ankit |last1=Panda |first2=Dave |last2=Schmerler |date=January 3, 2018 |access-date=January 4, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104054651/https://thediplomat.com/2018/01/when-a-north-korean-missile-accidentally-hit-a-north-korean-city/ |archive-date=January 4, 2018 |url=https://thediplomat.com/2018/01/when-a-north-korean-missile-accidentally-hit-a-north-korean-city/ |quote=On April 28, 2017, North Korea launched a single Hwasong-12/KN17 intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) from Pukchang Airfield in South Pyongan Province (the Korean People’s Army’s Air and Anti-Air Force Unit 447 in Ryongak-dong, Sunchon City, to be more precise). That missile failed shortly after launch and crashed in the Chongsin-dong, in North Korean city of Tokchon, causing considerable damage to a complex of industrial or agricultural buildings.}}</ref>

==Administrative divisions==
Tŏkch'ŏn-si is divided into 22 ''tong'' (neighbourhoods) and 10 ''ri'' (villages):

{|
|-
| valign="top" |
* Chenam-dong (제남동)
* Ch'angmal-dong (창말동)
* Ch'angsang-dong (창상동)
* Ch'ŏngsin-dong (청신동)
* Ch'ŏngsong-dong (청송동)
* Hŭngdŏk-tong (흥덕동)
* Hyŏngbong-dong (형봉동)
* Kangan-dong (강안동)
* Namdŏk-tong (남덕동)
* Namsan-dong (남산동)
* Osan-dong (오산동)
* Samt'an-dong (삼탄동)
* Sangdŏk-tong (상덕동)
* Sangsin-dong (상신동)
* Sinhŭng-dong (신흥동)
* Sŏmun-dong (서문동)
| valign="top" |
* Songwŏn-dong (송원동)
* Sŭngri-dong (승리동)
* Tŏksŏng-dong (덕성동)
* Ŭndŏk-tong (은덕동)
* Wŏlbong-dong (월봉동)
* Yŏkchŏn-dong (역전동)
* Andong-ri (안동리)
* Changdong-ri (장동리)
* Kujang-ri (구장리)
* Much'ang-ri (무창리)
* Namyang-ri (남양리)
* P'unggong-ri (풍곡리)
* Samhŭng-ri (삼흥리)
* Sinp'ung-ri (신풍리)
* Sinsŏng-ri (신성리)
* Unhŭng-ri (운흥리)
|}

==Economy==
The [[Sungri Motor Plant|Sŭngri Motor Plant]] (with associated workshops) has been one of the few domestic sources of both low-cost replicas of foreign passenger cars and military-service trucks in North Korea since it was established in 1950, and developed through the massive militarization campaigns of [[Kim Il Sung]] in the 1970s and 80s.

However, the total depletion of foreign credit by the end of the 1980s caused the manufacturing industry to implode; the supply of steel for metalworking at Sŭngri slowed to a trickle, and even when available, the production lines had regular power outages. [[North Korean Famine|The severe famine]] in the countryside also caused an exodus of starving peasants to the cities, further straining food supplies and worker productivity. 20,000 cars and trucks were made in Tŏkch'ŏn in 1980; by 1996 the number was just 150, all of which were Army trucks, some later modified as [[rocket artillery]] launchers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fas.org/nuke/guide/dprk/facility/tokchon.htm|title = Tokch'on-Kun - North Korean Special Weapons Facilities}}</ref>

==Transportation==
Tŏkch'ŏn-si is served by the [[Korean State Railway]]'s [[Pyongdok Line|P'yŏngdŏk line]] and five branchlines.

== See also ==
{{portal|North Korea}}
* [[List of secondary subdivisions of North Korea]]
* [[Geography of North Korea]]
* [[South Pyongan]]

==Further reading==

*Dormels, Rainer. North Korea's Cities: Industrial facilities, internal structures and typification. Jimoondang, 2014. {{ISBN|978-89-6297-167-5}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{baekgwa|empas_b=124599|empas_k=268616|encyber=455055|nate=12545300|}}
*[https://koreanologie.univie.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/p_koreanologie/North_Korean_Cities/Tokchon/Tokchon.pdf City profile of Tokchon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310025514/https://koreanologie.univie.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/p_koreanologie/North_Korean_Cities/Tokchon/Tokchon.pdf |date=2016-03-10 }}

{{South Pyongan}}
{{Metropolitan cities of North Korea}}
{{Most populous cities in North Korea}}

[[Category:Tokchon| ]]
[[Category:Cities in South Pyongan Province]]


{{NorthKorea-geo-stub}}