View source for Tourism in Indonesia

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[[File:PIAYNEMO.jpg|thumb|right|Piaynemo karst archipelago in [[Raja Ampat Islands|Raja Ampat]], [[Southwest Papua]]]]{{Multiple issues|{{Copy edit|date=September 2025}}
{{Travel guide|date=September 2025}}}}


'''Tourism in Indonesia''' is an important component of the [[Economy of Indonesia|Indonesian economy]] as well as a significant source of its [[foreign exchange reserves|foreign exchange]] revenues. [[Indonesia]] was ranked at 20th in the world tourist industry in 2017, also ranked as the ninth-fastest growing tourist sector in the world, the third-fastest growing in [[Asia]] and fastest-growing in [[Southeast Asia]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/10/23/indonesian-tourism-set-to-beat-thailand-in-5-years.html|title=Indonesian tourism set to beat Thailand in 5 years|newspaper=The Jakarta Post}}</ref> In 2018, [[Denpasar]], [[Jakarta]] and [[Batam]] are among of 10 cities in the world with fastest growth in tourism, 32.7, 29.2 and 23.3 percent respectively.<ref>{{cite web |author=Alexander |first=Hilda |date=September 26, 2019 |title=Denpasar, Jakarta, dan Batam, Top Ten Pertumbuhan Turis Terbesar Dunia |work=KOMPAS.com |url=https://properti.kompas.com/read/2019/09/26/181134521/denpasar-jakarta-dan-batam-top-ten-pertumbuhan-turis-terbesar-dunia}}</ref> The tourism sector ranked as the 4th largest among goods and services export sectors.<ref name="Kompas.com">{{cite web |author=Hasanudin |first=Muhammad |date=5 September 2013 |title=Devisa Pariwisata 2013 Ditargetkan 10 Miliar Dollar AS |url=http://bisniskeuangan.kompas.com/read/2013/09/05/1344301/Devisa.Pariwisata.2013.Ditargetkan.10.Miliar.Dollar.AS |access-date=24 December 2013 |publisher=Kompas.com |language=id |location=Jakarta}}</ref>
[[File:Barong and Kris dance.jpg|thumb|Indonesia possesses rich and colourful [[Culture of Indonesia|culture]], such as [[Barong (mythology)|Barong]] dance performance in Bali.]]

In 2019, Indonesia recorded 16.10 million foreign tourist arrivals, seeing a 1.9% per cent increase than that of 2018.<ref>{{cite news |last=Akhlas |first=Adrian Wail |date=3 February 2020 |title=Indonesia welcomes 16.1m foreign tourists in 2019, coronavirus clouds tourism outlook |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/02/03/indonesia-welcomes-16-1m-foreign-tourists-in-2019-coronavirus-clouds-tourism-outlook.html}}</ref> In 2015, 9.73 million international visitors entered Indonesia, staying in hotels for an average of 7.5 nights and spending an average of US$1,142 per person during their visit, or US$152.22 per person per day.<ref name="indonesia-investments.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.indonesia-investments.com/news/todays-headlines/2013s-growing-number-of-tourists-in-indonesia-meets-government-target/item1603|title=2013's Growing Number of Tourists in Indonesia Meets Government Target|author=Indonesia Investments|website=Indonesia-investments.com|access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref> Singapore, Malaysia, China, Australia, and Japan are the top five sources of visitors to Indonesia.

The ''[[Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report|Travel and Tourism Development Index]] 2024'' ranks Indonesia 22nd out of 119 countries overall with Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index score of 4.46.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weforum.org/publications/travel-tourism-development-index-2024/|title=Travel & Tourism Development Index 2024|date=21 May 2024|website=Travel & Tourism Development Index 2024, World Economic Forum|language=en-US|access-date=2024-06-12}}</ref> This is a significant improvement for Indonesian tourism sector. Previously in 2019 Indonesia ranks 40th out of 140 countries overall with index score of 4.3.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wef.ch/2Y1v0Du|title=Rankings|website=Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2019|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TTCR_2019.pdf|title=The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2019|website=World Economic Forum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904142913/http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TTCR_2019.pdf|archive-date=4 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> It is a two steps improvement from Indonesia's 2017 position of 42nd out of 136 countries overall with index score of 4.2.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://reports.weforum.org/travel-and-tourism-competitiveness-report-2017/ranking/|title=Ranking|work=Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2017|access-date=2017-11-16|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="TTCI">{{cite web|title = Index Results—The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index Ranking 2017| publisher = World Economic Forum |url =http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TTCR_2017_web_0401.pdf |access-date = 29 June 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170411220536/http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TTCR_2017_web_0401.pdf |archive-date = 11 April 2017 |url-status = live }}</ref> The 2015 report ranks the price competitiveness of Indonesia's tourism sector the 3rd out of 141 countries. It mentions that Indonesia has quite good travel and tourism policy and enabling conditions (ranked 9th). The country also scores quite good on natural and cultural resources (ranked 17th). However, the country scored rather low in infrastructure sub-index (ranked 75th), as some aspects of tourist service infrastructure are underdeveloped.<ref>{{cite web|title=Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015 – Indonesia|url=http://reports.weforum.org/travel-and-tourism-competitiveness-report-2015/economies/#economy=IDN|website=weforum.org|access-date=25 September 2016}}</ref>

In 2016, the government was reported to be investing more in tourism development by attracting more foreign investors. The government has given priority to 10 destinations as follows: [[Borobudur]], [[Central Java]]; [[Mandalika (resort area)|Mandalika]], [[West Nusa Tenggara]]; [[Labuan Bajo]], [[East Nusa Tenggara]]; [[Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park|Bromo-Tengger-Semeru]], [[East Java]]; [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]], [[Jakarta]]; [[Lake Toba]], [[North Sumatra]]; [[Wakatobi National Park|Wakatobi]], [[Southeast Sulawesi]]; [[Tanjung Lesung]], [[Banten]]; [[Morotai]], [[North Maluku]]; and Tanjung Kelayang, [[Bangka Belitung Islands]]. As quoted in ''[[The Jakarta Post]]'', the government is aiming for 275 million trips by domestic tourists by end of 2019.<ref name="thejakartapost.com">{{cite web |last=Nurhayati |first=Desy |date=6 September 2016 |title=Government prioritizes tourism development in 10 regions |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/09/06/government-prioritizes-tourism-development-10-regions.html |access-date=23 August 2017 |website=Thejakaratapost.com}}</ref> The government has also secured commitments from potential investors, totalling US$70 million in the areas of building accommodation, marina and ecotourism facilities in 3 of the 10 areas.<ref name="thejakartapost.com" /> Indonesia is ranked at seventh place in the list of [[Lonely Planet]]'s top 10 countries to visit in 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Yosephine |first=Liza |date=4 November 2018 |title=Indonesia makes Lonely Planet's 2019 top-10 countries to visit |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2018/11/04/indonesia-makes-lonely-planets-2019-top-10-countries-to-visit.html |access-date=4 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://beritadaerah.co.id/2018/11/07/pariwisata-indonesia-terima-penghargaan-dari-lonely-planet-di-wtm-london/|title=Pariwisata Indonesia Terima Penghargaan dari Lonely Planet di WTM London – Berita Daerah|last=Purba|first=Agustinus|work=Berita Daerah |date=7 November 2018 |language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-17}}</ref> The country ranks fourth out of the top 25 destinations in the world in 2018 by travel site [[TripAdvisor]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2018/11/28/bali-ranks-4th-among-tripadvisors-top-25-global-destinations.html|title=Bali ranks 4th among TripAdvisor's top 25 global destinations|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=28 November 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Bali june aft.jpg|thumb|[[Jimbaran]] Beach, [[Bali]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-16 |title=Best Places to Visit in Bali {{!}} Travel Guide (2024) {{!}} Things to Do, See & Eat |url=https://travopo.com/travel-guides/indonesia/bali/ |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=Travopo |language=en-US}}</ref>]]

== Overview ==
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Toeristen bij de stupa's op de Borobudur TMnr 20027037.jpg|thumb|[[Borobudur]] is the single most visited tourist attraction in Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Greenway |first1=Paul |title=Indonesia |last2=Witton |first2=Patrick |last3=O'Carroll |first3=Etain |last4=Jealous |first4=Virginia |last5=Elliot |first5=Mark |date=1 January 2003 |publisher=Lonely Planet |isbn=1-74059-154-2 |edition=7th |location=Melbourne |oclc=53966465}}</ref>]]

Indonesia's tourism industry is benefitted by a tropical climate, a vast [[archipelago]] of 17,508 islands, 6,000 of them being inhabited,<ref name="cia_ina"/> and the second longest shoreline in the world (54,716&nbsp;km) after Canada.<ref name="cia_shoreline">{{Cite web|title=Field Listing – Coastline |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004524/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2060.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 June 2007 |publisher=CIA |work=The World Factbook |year=2006 |access-date=19 March 2010}}</ref> It is the world's largest and most populous country situated only on islands.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Countries of the World by Area- no 16 Indonesia|url=http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/countries_by_area.htm |access-date=19 September 2010}}</ref> The beaches in [[Bali]], diving sites in [[Bunaken]], [[Mount Bromo]] in [[East Java]], [[Lake Toba]] and various national parks in [[Sumatra]] are popular scenic destinations.<ref name="travelperi_top_attractions">{{Cite web|title=Top attractions in Indonesia|url=https://travelperi.com/places-to-visit-in-indonesia/|access-date=15 January 2019|website=TravelPeri}}</ref>  Indonesia has a rich cultural diversity, with 719 living [[Languages of Indonesia|languages]] used across the archipelago.<ref name="ethnologue_languages">{{Cite web|title=Ethnologue – Languages of the World – Languages of Indonesia|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=ID|publisher=Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version|year=2009 |access-date=19 September 2010}}</ref> The ancient [[Prambanan]] and [[Borobudur]] temples, [[Toraja]], [[Yogyakarta]], [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]], and of course [[Bali]], with its many Hindu festivities, are some of the popular destinations for cultural tourism.

Indonesia is a member of [[Pacific Asia Travel Association|PATA]] and was the host of its annual conference in 1963 and 1974 in Jakarta, and in 2003 in [[Bali]]. Indonesia also was the host of PATA Travel Mart in 1985 and 1989 in Bali, and 2016 in Jakarta.

Tourism in Indonesia is currently overseen by the [[Ministry of Tourism (Indonesia)|Indonesian Ministry of Tourism]].<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=official website|url=http://www.budpar.go.id/indexprofil.php|title=Indonesian Ministry of Culture and Tourism|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100827033015/http://www.budpar.go.id/indexprofil.php/|archive-date=27 August 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[International tourism]] campaigns have been focusing largely on its tropical destinations with white sand beaches, blue sky, and cultural attractions. Beach resorts and hotels have been developed in some popular tourist destinations, especially Bali island as the primary destination.{{cn|date=January 2025}} At the same time, the integration of cultural affairs and tourism under the scope of the same ministry shows that cultural tourism is considered an integral part of Indonesia's tourism industry, and conversely, that tourism is used to promote and preserve the cultural heritage.{{cn|date=January 2025}}

Some of the challenges Indonesia's tourism industry has to face include the development of infrastructure to support tourism across the sprawling archipelago, incursions of the industry into local traditions ([[adat]]), and the impact of tourism development on the life of local people. The tourism industry in Indonesia has also faced setbacks due to problems related to security. Since 2002, warnings have been issued by some countries over terrorist threats and ethnic as well as religious conflicts in some areas, significantly reducing the number of foreign visitors for a few years. However, the number of international tourists has bounced back positively since 2007, and reached a new record in 2008<ref name="stat"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Wisata IDN - Rekomendasi Tempat Wisata di Indonesia Terlengkap |url=https://www.wisataidn.com/ |access-date=2022-03-24 |website=Wisata Indonesia |language=id-ID}}</ref> and kept rising since then.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kemenpar.go.id/userfiles/Statistics%20Arrival%202014rev.pdf|title=Statistical Report on Visitor Arrivals to Indonesia 2014|last=Kadir|first=Abdul|date=December 2014|publisher=Ministry of Tourism of Republic Indonesia|access-date=9 September 2016}}</ref>

The 2019 ''[[Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report]]'' ranks Indonesia 40th out of 140 countries overall with a score of 4.3.<ref name="TTCR">{{cite web|url=http://reports.weforum.org/pdf/ttci-2019/WEF_TTCI_2019_Profile_IDN.pdf|title=Indonesia|publisher=World Economic Forum|date=4 September 2019|access-date=5 November 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105102833/http://reports.weforum.org/pdf/ttci-2019/WEF_TTCI_2019_Profile_IDN.pdf|archive-date=5 November 2019}}</ref> It lists the price competitiveness of Indonesia's tourism sector the sixth out of 140 countries. The report states that Indonesia scores well on visa policy (#3) and international openness (#16), as well as on natural (#17) and cultural resources (#24). However, Indonesia has a low score in infrastructure (#98), as some aspects of tourist service infrastructure are underdeveloped.<ref name="TTCR"/> Other aspects that need to be improved include health and hygiene, environmental sustainability, and affinity for travel and tourism.

=== Historical context ===
[[File:Contrasty Architecture (231605753).jpeg|thumb|right|[[Hotel Majapahit]] (est. 1910) in [[Surabaya]] experienced the tearing of the [[Dutch flag]] by [[Battle of Surabaya|the youths of Surabaya]] in 1946.]]
Indonesia seems to have been a travel destination for centuries. Some panels in [[Borobudur]] bas-reliefs depicted drink vendors, ''[[warung]]s'' (small restaurants), tavern or lodgings where people were drinking and dancing. The historical record of travel in Indonesia can be found since the 14th century.<ref name="sejarah">{{cite web|author=Dieny Ferbianty|title=Sejarah Pariwisata Indonesia|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/56647863/Sejarah-Pariwisata-Indonesia|format=PDF|access-date=27 June 2011}}</ref> The [[Nagarakretagama]] reported that [[Hayam Wuruk|King Hayam Wuruk]]'s royal travel throughout [[Majapahit]] realm in [[East Java]] had large numbers of carriages, accompanied by nobles, royal courtiers, officials and servants.<ref name="sejarah" /> Although it seems like a stately affair, in some instances the king's trip somewhat resembles a modern-day tour, as the king visited multiple modern tourism sites; from temples such as [[Penataran|Palah]] and [[Jawi temple|Jajawa]], to enjoy the mountain scenery, having a bath in ''petirtaan'' (bathing pools) and going to the beach. The 15th-century travelogue of [[Bujangga Manik]], a travelling Hindu scholar-priest from [[Pakuan Pajajaran]], reported about his travel around Java and Bali. Although his travel was a pilgrimage one; visiting temples and sacred places in Java and Bali, sometimes he behaves like a modern-day tourist, such as sitting around fanning his body while enjoying beautiful mountain scenery in [[Puncak]] area, looking at [[Mount Gede|Gede volcano]] that he describes as the highest point around Pakuan Pajajaran (capital of [[Sunda kingdom]]).<ref>{{cite book|last=Noorduyn|first=J.|title=Three Old Sundanese poems|publisher=KITLV Press|year=2006}}</ref>
[[File:Hotel Savoy Homann (27166453832).jpg|thumb|right|[[Savoy Homann Bidakara Hotel|Hotel Savoy Homann]] (completed 1939) in [[Bandung]], an example of [[Art Deco]] architecture in Indonesia]]
Initially the tourism, service and hospitality sector in [[Dutch East Indies]] were developed to cater the lodging, entertainment and leisure needs of domestic visitors, especially the wealthy Dutch plantation owners and merchants during their stay in the city. In the 19th century, colonial heritage hotels equipped with dance halls, live music and fine dining restaurants were established in Dutch East Indies urban areas, such as [[Hotel des Indes (Batavia)|Hotel des Indes]] (est. 1829) in Batavia (now Jakarta), [[Savoy Homann Bidakara Hotel|Savoy Homann Hotel]] (est. 1871) in Bandung, [[Hotel Majapahit|Hotel Oranje]] (est. 1910) in Surabaya, and Hotel De Boer in Medan. Since the 19th century Dutch East Indies has attracted visitors from The Netherlands.<ref name="sejarah" /> The first national tourism bureau was the ''Vereeniging Toeristen Verkeer'', established by Governor-General of Dutch East Indies in early 20th century, and shared their head office in Batavia with ''Koninklijke Nederlansch Indische Luchtfahrt Maatschapijj'' or ''[[KNILM]]'' (which is not a [[KLM]] subsidiary despite the similar name) that began to fly from Amsterdam to Batavia in 1929.<ref name="sejarah" /> In 1913, ''Vereeneging Touristen Verkeer'' wrote a guide book about tourism places in the Indies. Since then [[Bali]] become known to international tourist with foreign tourist arrivals rose for more than 100% in 1927.<ref name="sejarah" /> Much of the international tourism of the 1920s and 1930s was by international visitors on oceanic cruises. The 1930s did see a modest but significant influx of mainly European tourists and long term stayers to Bali. Many came for the blossoming arts scene in the [[Ubud]] area, which was as much a two-way exchange between the Balinese and outsiders as it was an internal phenomenon.<ref>Robert Cribb, 'International tourism in Java, 1900–1930, ''South East Asian Research'' 3 no 2 (1995), pp. 193-204. {{ISSN|0967-828X}}</ref>
[[File:Hotel Indonesia, photographed at dusk; December 2014.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hotel Indonesia]] (est. 1962), one of the earliest high-rise buildings in Jakarta]]

Tourism more or less disappeared during [[World War II]], [[Indonesian National Revolution]] and in the early years of the [[Sukarno]] era. On 1 July 1947, the government of Republic of Indonesia tried to revive tourism sector in Indonesia by establishing HONET (''Hotel National & Tourism'') led by R. Tjitpo Ruslan. This new national tourism authority took over many of the colonial heritage hotels in Java and renamed them all "Hotel Merdeka". After [[Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference]] in 1949, this tourism authority changed its name to NV HORNET.<ref name="sejarah" /> In 1952 the President formed the Inter-Departement 4 on Tourism Affairs which is responsible for reestablishing Indonesia as the world's tourism destination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pendahuluan|url=http://www.digilib.uns.ac.id/upload/dokumen/46180105200909451.rtf|format=rtf|access-date=27 June 2011}}https://ppgba.org/</ref>

[[File:Amanjiwo Hotel4.jpg|thumb|upright|Borobudur viewed from [[Amanjiwo]] hotel]]
National pride and identity in the late 1950s and early 1960s was incorporated into the monumentalism of Sukarno in [[Jakarta]] {{mdash}} and this included the development of grand multi-storied international standard hotels and beach resorts, such as [[Hotel Indonesia]] in Jakarta (est. 1962), [[Royal Ambarrukmo|Ambarrukmo Hotel]] in Yogyakarta (est. 1965), Samudra Beach Hotel in Pelabuhan Ratu beach West Java (est. 1966), and Inna Grand Bali Beach Hotel in Bali (est. 1966). The political and economic instability of the mid-1960s saw tourism decline radically again. Bali, and in particular the small village of [[Kuta, Bali|Kuta]], was, however, in the 1960s, an important [[Layover|stopover]] on the overland hippy trail between Australia and Europe, and a "secret" untouched surf spot.<ref name="lonely_planet">{{Cite book|last=Elliot|first=Mark|title=Indonesia|date=November 2003|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=1-74059-154-2}}</ref>
To stimulate tourism sector, Indonesia becomes a member of [[Pacific Asia Travel Association|PATA]] in the early 1960s and appointed as the host of PATA annual conference in 1963 and 1974 in Jakarta, and 2003 in Bali. To host the 1974 PATA conference, the [[Hotel Borobudur]] was built and named as the official hotel of this event. At that time, it was the largest and the most luxurious hotel in Jakarta.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

In the early-to-mid-1970s, high standard hotels and tourist facilities began to appear in Jakarta and Bali. After the completion of [[Borobudur]] restoration project in 1982, [[Yogyakarta (city)|Yogyakarta]] became a popular tourist destination in Indonesia after Bali, mostly attracted to this 8th-century Buddhist monument, surrounding ancient Javanese temples and [[Yogyakarta Sultanate]] [[Kraton (Indonesia)|palace]]. From this period to the end of the [[Suharto]] era, governmental policies of the [[tourism industry]] included an array of regulations and developments to encourage increasing numbers of international tourists to both visit Indonesia and stay longer.

== Statistics ==
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|+'''Yearly tourist arrivals in millions<ref name=":0" />'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=BERITA RESMI STATISTIK |url=https://web-api.bps.go.id/download.php?f=NbEYklywtTAhnbAZiPHYEnBha2I4SS9lcTd4N1RhaWtPckdSSTZIUFl4VmZ3V3NmZDhTU2ZRN3hiWWhDUXNWMEZRQlRJeUdlQ0dlcGZOVWpmSUQyRXYxM1NkMEJ4eEIyUm45KzlRbGdRK1Q5WjlOdW42L2hTZGN2OUx5UzFQTmcxdzhNb3UrSys2K3YvN0pNMEZpMnFhc1E1aENZZTNDTUdGRVUzRUsxU1JBb2tSSHVqTWNQNTlqbUhNUWJhc1o1OGpzZTlrWEw1c2Y0NGNiWg== |access-date=17 April 2025 |website=Statistics Indonesia}}</ref>
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=== Tourist arrivals by nationality ===
Source: Statistics Indonesia<ref name=BPS2016>{{Cite web
 |url        = https://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1394
 |archive-url = https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20151113153848/http://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1394
 |url-status   = dead
 |archive-date = November 13, 2015
 |title      = Arrivals of International Visitor to Indonesia by Nationality, 2011–2014
 |access-date = March 25, 2020
 |publisher  = Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik)
 |language   = id
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Indonesia |first=Badan Pusat Statistik |title=Jumlah Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara per bulan Menurut Kebangsaan - Tabel Statistik |url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/MTQ3MCMy/kunjungan-wisatawan-mancanegara-per-bulan-menurut-kebangsaan.html |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=www.bps.go.id |language=id}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible autocollapse static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash"
|-
!Country|| 9/2025|| 2024|| 2023 ||2022 || 2021 || 2020 ||2019 || 2018 || 2017 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Malaysia}} 
|1,955,166||2,278,281|| 1,901,242 || 1,212,574 || 480,723 || 980,118 ||2,980,753 || 2,503,344 || 1,238,276 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Australia}}
|1,306,043||1,671,222|| 1,431,177 ||655,370 ||3,196 ||256,291||1,386,803 || 1,301,478 || 1,188,449 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Singapore}}
|1,072,094||1,408,015|| 1,414,447 ||736,797 ||18,704 ||280,492 ||1,934,445 || 1,768,744 || 1,512,813 
|-
| {{flagcountry|China}}
|1,018,266||1,198,582|| 787,924 ||169,378||54,713||239,768 ||2,072,079 || 2,139,161 || 1,972,405 
|-
| {{flagcountry|East Timor}} 
|700,251||776,294|| 728,586||703,780|| 819,488|| 994,590|| 1,178,381 || 1,762,442 || 960,026 
|-
| {{flagcountry|India}}
|548,745||710,688|| 606,439 ||281,814 ||6,670||111,724 ||657,300 || 595,636 || 485,314
|-
| {{flagcountry|South Korea}}
|373,093||436,054||347,185 ||122,226||9,497||75,562||388,316 || 358,885 || 378,769 
|-
| {{flagcountry|United Kingdom}}
|321,657||392,133|| 335,209||170,881||5,177||69,997||397,624 || 392,112 || 361,197 
|-
| {{flagcountry|United States}}
|313,415||418,196|| 392,310 ||188,764||21,962||91,782 ||457,832 || 387,856 || 331,132 
|-
| {{flagcountry|France}}
|299,495||346,337|| 273,682 ||134,541 ||3,776||43,438||283,814 || 287,917 || 268,989 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Japan}}
|285,959||338,934|| 251,866||73,913||5,952||92,228||519,623 || 530,573 || 538,334 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Germany}}
|226,272||281,397|| 263,534 || 128,634|| 3,429||46,361 ||277,653 || 274,166 || 260,586 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Netherlands}}
|199,308||314,211|| 250,201 || 115,052|| 12,229||53,495||215,287 || 209,978 || 205,844 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Philippines}}
|178,675||239,714|| 209,458||78,436 ||9,375 ||50,413 ||260,980 || 217,874 || 162,726 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Russia}}
|161,005||180,215||161,323 || 75,578||8,392|| 67,491||158,943 || 125,728 || 110,529 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Taiwan}}
|158,178||183,341||155,150 ||25,750||1,398||35,680 ||207,490 || 208,317 || 211,489 
|-
| {{flagcountry|New Zealand}}
|139,833||159,229||116,603 ||44,125 ||482 ||19,947||149,010 || 128,366 || 106,914 
|-
|{{Flag|Italy}}
|123,257
|131,149
|104,393
|47,415
|2,339
|13,260
|91,229
|94,288
|90,022
|-
| {{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}
|113,685||135,643|| 107,684 ||47,472||2,053 ||31,906 ||157,512 || 165,912 || 166,111 
|-
|{{Flag|Spain}}
|111,371
|142,247
|106,581
|51,563
|3,255
|11,829
|83,373
|85,560
|81,690
|-
|{{Flag|Papua New Guinea}}
|109,511
|124,492
|76,471
|22,509
|31,703
|20,975
|78,433
|142,648
|141,299
|-
|{{Flag|Hong Kong}}
|94,462
|56,302
|13,885
|7,086
|2,432
|2,625
|50,324
|91,182
|98,272
|-
| {{flagcountry|Thailand}}
|84,536||119,664||111,786 ||61,128 ||3,992 || 21,303||136,699 || 124,153 || 106,510 
|-
| {{flagcountry|Canada}}
|72,948||87,889|| 83,696 || 36,042 || 1,242 || 23,200 ||103,616 || 97,908 || 96,139 
|-
|{{Flag|Vietnam}}
|66,329
|106,630
|121,879
|68,067
|2,008
|19,608
|96,024
|75,816
|77,466
|-
|{{Flag|Turkey}}
|51,847
|50,051
|30,433
|14,424
|1,122
|6,038
|23,883
|20,861
|34,433
|-
|{{Flag|Poland}}
|51,546
|53,907
|41,988
|18,401
|752
|9,055
|41,637
|31,437
|32,704
|-
|{{Flag|Switzerland}}
|47,047
|58,205
|48,459
|23,192
|782
|8,362
|57,484
|60,293
|61,191
|-
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|45,734
|52,826
|42,888
|21,120
|798
|5,902
|46,780
|50,050
|48,477
|-
|{{Flag|Myanmar}}
|41,737
|49,255
|40,920
|22,637
|3,093
|12,669
|46,381
|28,612
|48,133
|-
|{{Flag|Denmark}}
|35,223
|42,141
|39,555
|20,913
|557
|10,533
|45,090
|46,825
|43,721
|-
|{{Flag|Portugal}}
|31,146
|37,350
|32,029
|14,393
|476
|6,245
|35,434
|36,804
|33,223
|-
|{{Flag|Ireland}}
|30,762
|38,676
|34,466
|16,003
|291
|5,167
|28,602
|28,742
|29,400
|-
|{{Flag|Sweden}}
|26,977
|40,297
|37,481
|19,885
|3,516
|17,600
|56,402
|50,381
|51,417
|-
|{{Flag|Austria}}
|26,787
|39,041
|34,984
|17,708
|2,103
|4,858
|28,476
|29,492
|27,208
|-
|{{Flag|Pakistan}}
|25,528
|23,150
|14,264
|5,247
|974
|4,110
|14,663
|13,448
|11,424
|-
|{{Flag|Brazil}}
|25,177
|32,031
|29,497
|14,855
|952
|5,945
|30,232
|26,503
|32,403
|-
|{{Flag|South Africa}}
|24,326
|33,135
|31,872
|13,267
|572
|15,142
|47,657
|41,962
|38,073
|-
|{{Flag|Ukraine}}
|22,640
|27,672
|22,204
|11,428
|3,044
|16,491
|35,537
|26,697
|32,964
|-
|{{Flag|Brunei}}
|21,319
|19,796
|13,518
|4,798
|144
|2,701
|19,278
|17,279
|23,455
|-
|{{Flag|Romania}}
|20,776
|27,030
|25,031
|9,896
|510
|4,320
|18,650
|14,092
|18,787
|-
|{{Flag|Czech Republic}}
|19,324
|22,741
|18,388
|7,607
|496
|6,178
|23,941
|22,848
|20,125
|-
|{{Flag|Norway}}
|18,454
|22,170
|19,577
|10,069
|336
|5,072
|23,886
|24,906
|22,838
|-
|{{Flag|Kazakhstan}}
|17,679
|19,403
|8,198
|2,282
|378
|3,735
|9,781
|7,955
|7,219
|-
|{{Flag|Egypt}}
|16,091
|19,719
|16,832
|7,326
|611
|4,337
|21,354
|18,075
|20,345
|-
|{{Flag|Hungary}}
|15,686
|19,234
|16,689
|6,384
|218
|3,664
|14,218
|13,434
|12,600
|-
|{{Flag|Morocco}}
|13,777
|16,771
|11,241
|3,663
|182
|1,707
|11,371
|7,920
|11,122
|-
|{{Flag|Bangladesh}}
|13,584
|12,674
|9,373
|9,593
|1,001
|12,866
|59,777
|56,564
|56,503
|-
|{{Flag|Oman}}
|12,675
|13,655
|9,315
|2,980
|89
|3,612
|24,051
|25,704
|18,615
|-
|{{Flag|Nepal}}
|11,776
|9,660
|5,897
|2,225
|61
|3,918
|18,977
|14,968
|12,821
|-
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|11,725
|16,244
|14,341
|5,092
|135
|2,375
|13,663
|12,418
|11,497
|-
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
|11,218
|14,669
|14,572
|3,992
|96
|1,324
|6,304
|5,445
|5,051
|-
|{{Flag|Finland}}
|10,174
|14,859
|12,345
|5,480
|240
|6,376
|22,665
|27,127
|24,447
|-
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|10,012
|11,771
|10,322
|3,528
|114
|3,066
|9,994
|11,468
|15,280
|-
|{{Flag|Greece}}
|9,795
|11,356
|9,531
|5,324
|385
|2,047
|9,705
|7,713
|9,896
|-
|{{Flag|Sri Lanka}}
|9,421
|10,178
|7,393
|3,447
|620
|4,300
|28,907
|32,508
|35,669
|-
|{{Flag|Slovakia}}
|8,769
|9,147
|7,503
|3,046
|152
|2,203
|9,359
|9,058
|9,264
|-
|{{Flag|Tunisia}}
|8,742
|10,424
|8,563
|3,170
|75
|645
|4,335
|3,867
|6,922
|-
|{{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}
|8,701
|9,120
|8,537
|5,456
|384
|1,093
|9,065
|7,100
|8,387
|- 
|{{Flag|Chile}}
|8,320
|10,690
|9,170
|2,330
|91
|2,615
|10,029
|11,008
|10,049
|-
|{{Flag|Belarus}}
|8,000
|8,953
|7,700
|3,276
|617
|3,092
|6,644
|4,821
|4,576
|-
|{{Flag|Cambodia}}
|7,552
|10,497
|12,611
|4,945
|228
|2,227
|13,843
|8,875
|6,506
|-
|{{Flag|Uzbekistan}}
|7,398
|8,130
|5,283
|1,393
|68
|1,586
|3,756
|3,548
|4,057
|-
|{{Flag|Bulgaria}}
|7,219
|9,631
|7,233
|2,488
|211
|2,575
|7,652
|8,405
|8,695
|-
|{{Flag|Iran}}
|7,045
|9,230
|7,177
|3,073
|300
|1,354
|10,440
|11,415
|16,301
|-
|{{Flag|Lithuania}}
|7,038
|8,794
|9,436
|4,091
|204
|3,038
|9,180
|8,497
|8,550
|-
|{{Flag|Jordan}}
|7,011
|7,632
|6,140
|2,516
|167
|1,027
|6,571
|6,228
|6,773
|-
|{{Flag|Algeria}}
|5,837
|5,316
|2,990
|915
|89
|792
|5,000
|4,214
|4,341
|-
|{{Flag|Yemen}}
|5,596
|6,739
|5,936
|3,208
|758
|2,094
|9,221
|10,008
|8,453
|-
|{{Flag|Mongolia}}
|5,509
|4,850
|2,323
|706
|12
|1,483
|4,260
|3,679
|2,414
|-
|{{Flag|Slovenia}}
|5,213
|6,602
|3,987
|1,347
|66
|986
|4,747
|4,472
|5,264
|-
|{{Flag|Estonia}}
|4,530
|6,114
|5,757
|2,124
|230
|3,099
|6,644
|7,719
|7,569
|-
|{{Flag|Serbia}}
|4,371
|5,045
|3,727
|1,417
|128
|1,287
|5,600
|3,991
|7,054
|-
|{{Flag|Kenya}}
|4,112
|4,308
|2,798
|946
|65
|429
|2,845
|3,020
|3,785
|-
|{{Flag|Iraq}}
|4,103
|4,956
|2,820
|1,180
|127
|817
|2,933
|2,356
|2,167
|-
|{{Flag|Croatia}}
|3,854
|5,217
|3,981
|1,860
|392
|1,388
|5,257
|4,115
|6,620
|-
|{{Flag|Lebanon}}
|3,632
|4,017
|3,425
|1,777
|165
|684
|6,066
|5,228
|6,115
|-
|{{Flag|Latvia}}
|3,521
|5,125
|5,959
|2,478
|329
|1,860
|5,278
|4,213
|3,932
|-
!Total|| 11,431,655|| 13,902,420|| 11,677,825|| 5,889,031|| 1,557,530|| 4,052,923|| 16,106,954|| 15,810,305 || 14,039,799 
|}

{| class="wikitable" align="centre" style="font-size: 100%; float:right; text-align:right;"
|+Indonesian Tourism Statistics<br><ref name="stat" /><ref name="BPS1">{{cite web| title = Rata-rata Lama Tinggal Wisatawan Mancanegara Menurut Negara Tempat Tinggal, 2002–2014 (Hari)| publisher = Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik)| language = id| url = http://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1389| archive-url = https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20151113153755/http://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1389| url-status = dead| archive-date = 13 November 2015| access-date = 25 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="merdeka.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.merdeka.com/uang/satu-tahun-8-juta-wisatawan-serbu-indonesia.html|title=Satu tahun, 8 juta wisatawan serbu Indonesia|author=Harwanto Bimo Pratomo|date=1 February 2013|work=merdeka.com|access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="budpar.go.id">{{Cite web|title = Visitor Arrivals to Indonesia 2001–2009|year = 2009|publisher = Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Republic of Indonesia|url = http://www.budpar.go.id/page.php?ic=621&id=180|access-date = 19 September 2010|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721120843/http://www.budpar.go.id/page.php?ic=621&id=180|archive-date = 21 July 2011|df = dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web | title = Number of Foreign Tourist Arrivals to Indonesia by Entrance, 1997–2016 | work = Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik) | url = https://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1387 | archive-url = https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20151113153738/http://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1387 | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 November 2015 | access-date = 5 September 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Average Length Of Stay By Country Of Residence 2002–2015 (Days) | work = Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik) | url = https://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1389 | archive-url = https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20151113153755/http://www.bps.go.id/linkTabelStatis/view/id/1389 | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 November 2015 | access-date = 5 September 2017 }}</ref>
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2000 || 5,064,217
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2001 || 5,153,620
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2002 || 5,033 400
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2003 || 4,467,021
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2004 || 5,321,165
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2005 || 5,002,101
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2006 || 4,871,351
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2007 || 5,505,759
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2008 || 6,429,027
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2009 || 6,452,259
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2010 || 7,002,944
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2011 || 7,649,731
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2012 || 8,044,462
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2013 || 8,802,129
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2014 || 9,435,411
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2015 || 10,406,759
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2016 || 11,519,275
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
|2017||14,039,799
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
|2018
|15,810,305
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
|2019
|16,106,954
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2020 || 4,052,923
|- style="background:white;"
|2021
|1,557,530
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
| 2022 || 5,889,031
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
|2023
|11,677,825
|- style="background:white;" align="centre"
|2024
|13,902,420
|}

The ten most popular tourist destinations in Indonesia recorded by Central Statistics Agency (BPS) are [[Bali]], [[West Java]], [[Central Java]], [[East Java]], [[Jakarta]], [[North Sumatra]], [[Lampung]], [[South Sulawesi]], [[South Sumatra]], [[Banten]], and [[West Sumatra]] (which would make it 11 provinces today due to Banten previously having been a part of West Java).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/71168/time-for-n-maluku-to-become-tourist-destination|title=Time for N. Maluku to become tourist destination|website=Antaranews.com|date=8 May 2011 |access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>

As with most countries, domestic tourists are by far the largest market segment. The biggest movement of domestic tourists is during the annual [[Eid al-Fitr]], locally known as ''[[lebaran]]''. During this period, which is a two-week holiday after the month of [[fasting during Ramadan]], many city-dwelling [[Islam in Indonesia|Muslim Indonesians]] visit relatives in their home towns. Intercity traffic is at its peak and often an additional surcharge is applied during this time.

Over the five years up to 2006, attention has been focused on generating more domestic tourism. Competition amongst [[budget airlines]] has increased the number of domestic air travellers throughout the country. Recently, the Ministry of Labour legislated to create long weekends by combining [[Public holidays in Indonesia|public holidays]] that fall close to weekends, except in the case of important religious holidays. During these long weekends, most hotels in popular destinations are fully booked.

Since 2000, on average, there have been five million foreign tourists each year (see table), who spend an average of {{USD|100}} per day. With an average visit duration of 9–12 days, Indonesia gains {{USD|4.6}} billion of foreign exchange income annually.<ref name="stat">{{cite press release|title = Visitor Arrivals to Indonesia 2000–2008|year = 2009|publisher = Minister of Culture and Tourism, Republic of Indonesia|url = http://www.budpar.go.id/page.php?ic=621&id=180|access-date = 19 March 2009|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721120843/http://www.budpar.go.id/page.php?ic=621&id=180|archive-date = 21 July 2011|df = dmy-all}}</ref> This makes tourism Indonesia's third most important non-[[Petroleum|oil]]–[[Natural gas|gas]] source of foreign revenue, after [[timber]] and [[textile]] products.<ref name="cia_ina">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/indonesia/|title=Indonesia |publisher=CIA |work=The World Factbook |year=2006 |access-date=19 March 2010}}</ref>

After toppled Japan two years ago, China as the world's biggest tourism spenders now toppled Australia to become number three with 30.42 per cent increase [[Annual growth %|year-on-year]] (y-o-y), while foreign tourists growth by 10.6 per cent y-o-y set to more than 2.9 million. The top countries of origin Q1 2014 data comes from the [[Asia-Pacific]] region, with [[Singapore]] (15.7 per cent), [[Malaysia]] (14.0), China (11.0), Australia, and Japan among the top countries of origin.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/06/03/chinese-tourists-overtake-australian-arrivals.html |title=Chinese tourists overtake Australian arrivals |author=Nadya Natahadibrata |date=3 June 2014}}</ref>

Around 59% of all visitors are travelling to Indonesia for holiday purposes, while 38% for business.<ref name="stat 2006">[http://wttc.org/site_media/uploads/downloads/indonesia2013_1.pdf Indonesia Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111122800/http://wttc.org/site_media/uploads/downloads/indonesia2013_1.pdf |date=11 November 2013 }}. World Travel & Tourism Council. Retrieved 11 November 2013.</ref>

In 2012, according to the World Travel & Tourism Council, travel and tourism made a total contribution of 8.9% of GDP and supported 8% of total employment in Indonesia.<ref name="stat 2006" />
== Nature tourism ==
{{Main|Fauna of Indonesia|Flora of Indonesia}}
[[File:Lembah harau 50 kota.jpg|thumb|right|Harau canyon in [[Lima Puluh Kota Regency]] Is close to [[Payakumbuh]], [[West Sumatra]]]]

Indonesia has a well-preserved, natural ecosystem with [[rainforests]] that stretch over about 57% of Indonesia's land ({{convert|225|e6acre|km2|order=flip|abbr=off|disp=or}}), approximately 2% of which are [[mangrove]] systems.<ref name="WWF">{{Cite web|publisher=WWF UK|url=http://www.wwf.org.uk/researcher/places/0000000216.asp|title=Indonesia|access-date=17 September 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925205819/http://www.wwf.org.uk/researcher/places/0000000216.asp|archive-date=25 September 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indonesia|publisher=Rainforest Action Network|url=http://www.rainforestweb.org/Rainforest_Regions/Asia/Indonesia/|access-date=17 September 2006 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20060908104002/http://www.rainforestweb.org/Rainforest_Regions/Asia/Indonesia/ |archive-date = 8 September 2006}}</ref> One reason why the [[Ecosystem|natural ecosystem]] in Indonesia is still well-preserved is because only 6,000 [[islands]] out of 17,000 are permanently inhabited.<ref>{{cite press release|publisher=Embassy of Indonesia (KBRI) at Canberra|title=Indonesia Claims a Permanent Seat on the Security Council|url=http://www.kbri-canberra.org.au/press/press040927e_deplu.htm|date=27 September 2004}}</ref> Forests on [[Sumatra]] and [[Java]] are examples of popular tourist destinations. Moreover, Indonesia has one of longest coastlines in the world, measuring {{convert|54716|km}},<ref>{{cite press release|publisher=Library of Congress|url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Indonesia.pdf|title=Country Profile: Indonesia|date=December 2004|access-date=23 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050226190614/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Indonesia.pdf|archive-date=26 February 2005|url-status=dead}}</ref> with a number of [[beach]]es and island resorts, such as those in southern [[Bali]], [[Lombok]],<ref name="nytimes1">{{Cite news| url=http://travel.nytimes.com/2008/09/21/travel/21next.html?ref=travel | work=The New York Times | title=Living in Bali's Shadow, but Maybe Not for Long | first=Eric | last=Weiner | date=21 September 2008 | access-date=25 May 2010}}</ref> [[Bintan]] and [[Nias Island]].<ref>{{Cite web|publisher=Asia Dive Site|url=http://www.asiadivesite.com/indonesia-dive-sites/|title=Diving in Indonesia}}</ref> However, most of the well-preserved beaches are those in more isolated and less developed areas, such as [[Karimunjawa]], the [[Togian Islands]], and the [[Banda Islands]].

=== Dive sites ===
[[File:Raja Ampat fun dive.jpg|thumb|A diver in [[Raja Ampat Islands|Raja Ampat]]]]
With more than 17,508 [[island]]s, Indonesia presents ample diving opportunities. With 20% of the world's coral reefs, over 3,000 different species of fish and 600 coral species, deep water trenches, volcanic sea mounts, World War II wrecks, and a very large variety of [[macro life]], scuba diving in Indonesia is both excellent and relatively inexpensive.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dive-the-world.com/diving-sites-indonesia.php |title=Scuba Diving in Indonesia: Komodo, Bali, Sulawesi and More |website=Dive-the-world.com |access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref> [[Bunaken National Park|Bunaken National Marine Park]], at the northern tip of [[Sulawesi]], claims to have seven times more genera of [[coral]] than [[Hawaii]],<ref name="NorthSulawesiBunaken">{{Cite web|title=North Sulawesi: Bunaken|publisher=Official Website of the North Sulawesi Tourism Promotion Board|url=http://www.north-sulawesi.org/bunaken.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110411014854/http://www.north-sulawesi.org/bunaken.html|archive-date=11 April 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and has more than 70% of all the known fish species of the [[Western Indo-Pacific]].<ref name="bunakendiving">{{cite web|url=https://www.dive-the-world.com/diving-sites-indonesia-manado-bunaken.php|title=Bunaken Diving, Manado, Sulawesi - Indonesia|website=Dive the World|access-date=18 August 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250523082134/https://www.dive-the-world.com/diving-sites-indonesia-manado-bunaken.php|archive-date=23 May 2025|url-status=live}}</ref> Moreover, there are over 3,500 [[species]] {{clarify|species of what?|date=July 2024}}living in Indonesian waters, including [[shark]]s, [[dolphins]], [[manta ray]]s, [[turtle]]s, [[moray eel|morays]], [[cuttlefish]], [[octopus]] and [[scorpionfish]], compared to 1,500 on the [[Great Barrier Reef]] and 600 in the [[Red Sea]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Scuba Diving Indonesia|publisher=divesitedirectory|url=http://www.divesitedirectory.com/indonesia.html}}</ref> [[Tulamben]] Bay in [[Bali]] has the wreck of the {{convert|120|m}} [[US Army]] commissioned transport vessel, the {{USAT|Liberty||2}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tulamben Bay: World Class Shipwreck Diving|url=http://www.divecenterbali.com/divesites/tulamben_wreck.htm|publisher=Scuba Duba Doo}}</ref> Other popular dive sites on Bali are at [[Candidasa]] and [[Menjangan Island|Menjangan]]. Across the [[Badung Strait]] from Bali, there are several popular dive sites on [[Nusa Lembongan]] and [[Nusa Penida]]. [[Lombok]]'s three [[Gili Islands|Gilis]] ([[Gili Air]], [[Gili Meno]] and [[Gili Trawangan]]) are popular, as is [[Bangka Island|Bangka]]. [[Saronde Island]] is a very popular spot also in [[Gorontalo]], Sulawesi. Some of the most famous diving sites in Indonesia are also the most difficult to reach, with places like [[Biak]] off the coast of Papua and the [[Alor Archipelago]] among the popular, more remote, destinations for divers.

=== Surf breaks ===
[[File:Kuta Indonesia Surfer.jpg|thumb|Surfing in Kuta beach, Bali]]
[[Surfing]] is also a popular water activity in Indonesia and the sites are recognised as world-class.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thesurfingsite.com/Surf-Spots-Pacific-Islands.html|title=Pacific Islands Surf Spots & Surfing Information – The Surfing Site|website=Thesurfingsite.com|access-date=11 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317042544/http://www.thesurfingsite.com/Surf-Spots-Pacific-Islands.html|archive-date=17 March 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The well-known locations are mostly located on the southern, [[Indian Ocean]] side of Indonesia, the largest breaks being on southern [[Java]]. The north coast does not receive the same surf from the [[Java Sea]]. Surf breaks can be found all the way along [[Sumatra]], down to Nusa Tenggara, including [[Aceh]], Bali, [[Banten]], Java, [[Lombok]], the [[Mentawai Islands]], and [[Sumbawa]]. Although Indonesia has many world-class surfing spots, the majority of surfers come from abroad, especially Australia and the United States. Local enthusiasm for surfing began at Bali and West Java's [[Pelabuhan Ratu]] and [[Pangandaran]] beaches, with most surfers arriving from nearby cities of Jakarta and Bandung.

In 2018, [[World Surf League]] had eight surfing events in Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2018/11/21/tourism-ministry-to-hold-11-surfing-competitions-in-2019.html |title=Tourism Ministry to hold 11 surfing competitions in 2019 |date=November 21, 2018}}</ref>

On Bali, there are about 33 surf locations, from West Bali to East Bali including four on the offshore island of [[Nusa Lembongan]]. In Sumbawa, Hu'u and Lakey Beach in [[Cempi Bay]] are popular spots among surfing enthusiasts. Sumatra is the island, with the second greatest number of surf spots, with 18 altogether. High season for surfing is around May to September with the trade winds blowing from east to south-east. From October to April, winds tend to come from the west to north-west, so the east coast breaks get the offshore winds.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}}

Two well-known surf breaks in Indonesia are the [[G-Land]] in the Bay of Grajagan, [[East Java]], and [[Lagundri Bay]] at the southern end of [[Nias]] island. G-Land was first identified in 1972 when a surfer saw the break from the window of a plane. Since 6 to 8-foot ([[Hawaiian scale]]) waves were discovered by surfers at Lagundri Bay in 1975, the island has become famous for surfing worldwide.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}}

=== National parks ===
{{Main|List of national parks of Indonesia}}
[[File:Yuli Seperi Komodo TNKomodo-1.jpg|thumb|[[Komodo dragon]] at [[Komodo National Park]]]]
[[Bogor Botanical Gardens]] established in 1817, and [[Cibodas Botanical Gardens]] established in 1862, are two among the oldest botanical gardens in Asia. With rich collections of tropical plants, these gardens are the centre of botanical research as well as tourism attraction since the colonial era.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

There are 50 national parks in Indonesia, of which six are [[UNESCO World Heritage|World Heritage]] listed. The largest national parks in [[Sumatra]] are the {{convert|9500|km2|adj=on}} [[Gunung Leuser National Park]], the {{convert|13750|km2|adj=on}} [[Kerinci Seblat National Park]] and the {{convert|3568|km2|adj=on}} [[Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park]], all three recognised as [[Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra]] on the UNESCO World Heritage list. Other national parks on the list are [[Lorentz National Park]] in [[Papua (Indonesian province)|Papua]], [[Komodo National Park]] in the [[Lesser Sunda Islands]], and [[Ujung Kulon National Park]] in the west of [[Java]].

To be noticed, different national parks offer different biodiversity, as the natural habitat in Indonesia is divided into two areas by the [[Wallace line]]. The [[Wallacea]] [[biogeographical]] distinction means the western part of Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan) have the same flora and fauna characteristics as the Asian continent, whilst the remaining eastern part of Indonesia has similarity with the Australian continent.<ref name="nytimes1" />
[[File:ORANGUTAN SUMATRA.jpg|thumb|right|[[Sumatran orangutan]] mother and child in [[Mount Leuser National Park]], North Sumatra]]
Many native species such as [[Sumatran elephant]]s, [[Sumatran tiger]]s, [[Sumatran rhinoceros]], [[Javan rhinoceros]] and [[orangutans]] are listed as [[endangered species|endangered]] or [[critically endangered]], and the remaining populations are found in [[List of national parks of Indonesia|national parks]] and other conservation areas. [[Sumatran orangutan]] can be visited in the [[Bukit Lawang]] conservation area, while the [[Bornean orangutan]] can be visited in [[Tanjung Puting]] national park, Central Kalimantan. The world's largest flower, [[rafflesia arnoldi]], and the tallest flower, [[titan arum]], can be found in Sumatra.

The east side of the Wallacea line offers the most remarkable, rare, and exotic animals on earth.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wallacea|last=Whitten|first=Tony|url=http://www.biodiversityscience.org/publications/hotspots/Wallacea.html|publisher=Biodiversity International|access-date=17 September 2006|display-authors=etal}}</ref> [[Birds-of-paradise]], locally known as ''cendrawasih'', are plumed birds that can be found among other [[Fauna of New Guinea|fauna in Papua New Guinea]]. The largest bird in Papua is the flightless [[cassowary]]. One species of [[lizard]], the [[Komodo dragon]] can easily be found on [[Komodo (island)|Komodo]], located in the Nusa Tenggara lesser islands region. Besides Komodo island, this endangered species can also be found on the islands of Rinca, Padar and Flores.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Komodo Dragon|url=http://www.nature.ca/notebooks/English/komodo.htm|publisher=Canadian Museum of Nature|access-date=17 September 2006 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20060902101736/http://www.nature.ca/notebooks/English/komodo.htm |archive-date = 2 September 2006}}</ref>

=== Volcanoes ===
{{Main|List of volcanoes in Indonesia}}
[[File:Mount Bromo, Java, Indonesia.jpg|thumb|[[Mount Bromo]] and [[Semeru]] in East Java]]
[[Hiking]] and [[camping]] in the mountains are popular adventure activities. Some mountains contain ridge rivers, offering [[rafting]] activity. Though [[volcanic]] mountains can be dangerous, they have become major tourist destinations. Several tourists have died on the slopes of [[Mount Rinjani]], Indonesia's second-highest volcano and a popular destination for climbers visiting Lombok in eastern Indonesia. Popular active volcanoes are the {{convert|2329|m|adj=on}} high [[Mount Bromo]] in the [[East Java]] province with its scenic volcanic desert around the crater, the upturned boat shaped [[Tangkuban Perahu]] and the volcanic crater [[Kawah Putih]], north and south of [[Bandung]] respectively and both with drive-in access up to the crater, the most active volcano in Java, [[Mount Merapi]] near [[Yogyakarta]], and the legendary [[Krakatau]] with its new [[caldera]] known as ''Anak Krakatau'' (the child of Krakatau). [[Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park|Gede Pangrango]] volcano in West Java is also a popular hiking destination, especially among domestic hikers.
[[File:Toba Lake, seen from Merek.jpg|thumb|right|[[Lake Toba]], the world largest volcanic lake panoramic view seen from Merek, North Sumatra]]
In [[Sumbawa]], [[Mount Tambora]] with its historical massive volcanic eruption back in 1815 that produced massive caldera also had gained attention among hikers. In the neighbouring island of [[Flores]], the three-coloured volcanic crater-lake of [[Kelimutu]] is also hailed as one of Indonesia's natural wonder and had attracted visitors worldwide. [[Puncak Jaya]] in the [[Lorentz National Park]], the highest mountain in Indonesia and one of the few mountains with [[ice caps]] at the (tropical) equator<ref>{{cite web |last1=Allison |first1=Ian |last2=Peterson |first2=James Andrew |date=18 November 2004 |title=Satellite Image Atlas of Glaciers of the World |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1386h/indonesia/indonesia.html |access-date=19 November 2010 |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior (USGS)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Peterson |first1=James Andrew |last2=Allison |first2=Ian |date=18 November 2004 |title=Observation and Mapping of the Glaciers Shown on Landsat Images-Puncak Jaya and Ngga Pilimsit |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1386h/indonesia/indonesia2.html |access-date=19 November 2010 |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior (USGS)}}</ref> offers the opportunity of [[rock climbing]]. In Sumatra, there are the remains of a [[supervolcano]] [[eruption]] that have created the landscape of [[Lake Toba]] close to [[Medan]] in [[North Sumatra]].

== Cultural tourism ==
{{Main|Culture of Indonesia}}
[[File:Warna warni Banten.jpg|thumb|[[Bali]] is famous for its rich and colourful culture, Hindu festivals and [[Balinese dances|dances]].]]
Indonesia consists of over 600 [[ethnic]] groups,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bps.go.id/news/2015/11/18/127/mengulik-data-suku-di-indonesia.html|title=Mengulik Data Suku di Indonesia|publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia|Badan Pusat Statistik]]|access-date=12 February 2020|date=18 November 2015}}</ref> spread over a 1.8 million km<sup>2</sup> area of 6,000 inhabited islands.<ref name="cia_ina" /> This creates a cultural diversity, further compounded by [[Hinduism|Hindu]], [[Buddhism|Buddhist]], [[Islam]]ic and European colonialist influences. In [[Bali]], where most of Indonesian Hindus live, cultural and religious festivals with Balinese dance-drama performances in [[Balinese temples]] are major attractions to foreign tourists.

Despite foreign influences, a diverse array of indigenous traditional cultures is still evident in Indonesia. The indigenous ethnic group of [[Toraja]] in [[South Sulawesi]], still has a strong tradition that descends from [[animism|animistic]] beliefs even though most Toraja are [[Christians|Christian]] now. One of the most famous Toraja tradition is their funeral rites, [[Rambu Solo]]. The [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]] ethnic group retain a unique [[matrilineal]] culture, despite being devoted [[Muslim]]s. Other indigenous ethnic groups include the [[Asmat people|Asmat]] and [[Dani people|Dani]] in [[Papua (Indonesian province)|Papua]], the [[Dayak people|Dayak]] in [[Kalimantan]] and the [[Mentawai people|Mentawai]] in [[Sumatra]], where traditional rituals are still observed.

[[File:Ramawijaya dan Shinta pada Sendratari Ramayana Prambanan.jpg|thumb|right|[[Ramayana]] [[Wayang wong]] [[Javanese dance]] performance at [[Prambanan]] temple.]]
Cultural tourism also plays a significant part in [[Yogyakarta]], a special province in Indonesia known as the centre of classical Javanese fine art and culture.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Cooperative Tourism Planning in a Developing Destination|last=Timothy|first=Dallen J.|url=http://www.channelviewpublications.net/jost/006/0052/jost0060052.pdf|journal=Journal of Sustainable Tourism|volume=6|issue=1|year=1998|pages=52–68|doi=10.1080/09669589808667301|bibcode=1998JSusT...6...52T |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927193036/http://www.channelviewpublications.net/jost/006/0052/jost0060052.pdf|archive-date=27 September 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> The rise and fall of Buddhist, Hindu, and Islamic kingdoms in Central Java has transformed Yogyakarta into a melting pot of Indonesian culture. Classical [[Javanese dance]]s are performed in royal courts of [[Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat|Yogyakarta]] and [[Kraton Surakarta|Surakarta]], as well as Javanese [[Ramayana Ballet]] performed in [[Prambanan]] open-air theatre.

Most major Indonesian cities have their state-owned museums, although most are in modest display. The most complete and comprehensive museum that displaying Indonesian culture and history spanned from [[prehistoric Indonesia|prehistoric]] to colonial era is [[National Museum of Indonesia]] located in Jakarta.

For Indonesian and foreign visitors unable to visit all [[Indonesian provinces]], [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]] in [[East Jakarta]] provides a comprehensive microcosm of [[Indonesian culture]]. Established in 1975 by [[Tien Suharto]], this park displaying museums, separate pavilions with the collections of [[Indonesian architecture]], clothing, dances and traditions all depicted impeccably.

=== Ancient Hindu and Buddhist temples ===
{{Main|Candi of Indonesia}}
[[File:Borobudur stupas on upper terrace.jpg|thumb|right|[[Stupa]]s on upper terraces of [[Borobudur]] temple in [[Central Java]].]]
From the 4th century until the 15th century, Hinduism and Buddhism shaped the culture of Indonesia. Kingdoms rise and fall, such as [[Mataram kingdom]], [[Srivijaya]], [[Kediri (historical kingdom)|Kediri]], [[Singhasari]] and [[Majapahit]]. Along with the Indonesian classical history of Hindu-Buddhist era, they produced some temples and monuments called ''candi''. The best-preserved Buddhist shrine, which was built during the [[Sailendra]] dynasty in the 8th century, is [[Borobudur]] temple in [[Central Java]]. A giant stone [[mandala]] stepped pyramid adorned with bell-shaped [[stupa]]s, richly adorned with bas-reliefs telling the stories and teachings of Buddha.
[[File:Candi Sewu viewed from the south, 23 November 2013.jpg|thumb|[[Sewu]] Mahayana Buddhist temple near Prambanan, Central Java.]]
A few kilometres to the southeast is the [[Prambanan]] complex, the largest Hindu temple in Indonesia built during the second [[Mataram Kingdom|Mataram]] dynasty.<ref name="nytimes1" /> The Prambanan temple is dedicated to [[Trimurti]]; [[Shiva]], [[Vishnu]] and [[Brahma]], three highest gods in Hinduism. Both the [[Borobudur]] and the [[Prambanan]] temple compounds have been listed in the UNESCO [[World Heritage]] list since 1991. Both temple are the largest and the most popular, conveniently accessible from [[Yogyakarta]], the heartland of Javanese culture. The [[Ramayana]] [[Javanese dance]] is performed routinely on the stage near Prambanan temple, provides the visitors with the glimpse of Javanese classical culture.

In and around [[Yogyakarta|Jogjakarta]], the ancient Javanese archaeology and temple enthusiast may still discover numerous ancient temples, accessible by car or motorcycle. Although not as grand and popular as Borobudur and Prambanan, these smaller temples provide a glimpse of ancient culture and the intricate details of ancient Java temple architecture. [[Mendut]] and [[Pawon]] temples are located in [[Kedu Plain]] near Borobudur, while [[Ratu Boko]], [[Sewu]], Lumbung, [[Plaosan]], [[Candi Kalasan|Kalasan]], and [[Candi Sari|Sari]] are located in [[Prambanan Plain]] near Prambanan temple.
[[File:Tarian Tradisional.jpg|thumb|right|Cultural performance near [[Prambanan]] temple.]]
The temples of [[East Java]] dated from the era of [[Singhasari]] and [[Majapahit]]; mostly located in [[Trowulan]] archaeological site, and also scattered around [[Blitar]] and [[Malang]]. Although not as grand and popular as the temples of Central Java, the East Javanese temples are also an interesting destination for candi and Indonesian ancient history enthusiast. East Javanese temples such as Wringin Lawang, Brahu, Bajang Ratu, and Candi Tikus in [[Trowulan]] archaeological site. [[Jawi temple]] near Pandaan, south of Surabaya, [[Penataran]] temple in Blitar, [[Kidal temple]] and Singhasari temple near Malang.

Most major Indonesian archaeological sites are equipped with museums; such as [[Samudra Raksa Museum]] and [[Karmawibhangga Museum]] in Borobudur, Prambanan museum in Prambanan temple compounds, and [[Trowulan Museum]] located in former Majapahit capital of Trowulan archaeological site. Some of the archaeological discoveries are also displayed in municipal museums, such as [[Sonobudoyo Museum]] in Yogyakarta and [[Radyapustaka Museum]] in Surakarta, and of course the Indonesian National Museum in Jakarta.

Sumatra also home of several ancient Buddhist temples mostly linked to [[Srivijaya]] kingdom, such as [[Muaro Jambi Temple Compounds|Muaro Jambi]] in [[Jambi province]], [[Muara Takus]] in [[Riau]] and [[Bahal, Indonesia|Biaro Bahal]] in [[North Sumatra]]. Sumatran temples, however, are not as elaborated and as spectacular as its Javanese counterpart, and subsequently less popular. The location is rural, quite far from large cities, so renting a car to visit these sites is advisable since public transportation to the location is scarce.

=== Islamic heritage ===
[[File:Masjid Baiturrahman - panoramio.jpg|thumb|right|[[Baiturrahman Grand Mosque|Baiturrahman Mosque]] in [[Aceh]], a most popular and fine example of [[Islamic art|Islamic art and architecture]] in Indonesia]]
Islam has also contributed greatly to the cultural society in Indonesia. As of 2006, 88% of Indonesia's recorded population were Muslim.<ref>{{cite news |author=Suryodiningrat |first=Meidyatama |title=Who are the Indonesian? |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/community/ina3.asp |access-date=24 August 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060719233353/http://www.thejakartapost.com/community/ina3.asp |archive-date=19 July 2006}}</ref> Islamic culture is prominent in [[Sumatra]], and a few of the remaining [[sultanate]] palaces can be seen in [[Medan]] and [[Tanjung Pinang]].

The Islamic heritage tourism is also popular, especially among Indonesian Muslims and Muslims from neighbouring countries such as Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei that shared common Southeast Asian Islamic heritage. The activity usually linked with Islamic [[ziyarat]] pilgrimage to historical Islamic sites, such as historical mosques and tombs of venerated Islamic figures. However, for visitors in Islamic sites, either local or foreign, Muslim or non-Muslim, the rules of conduct and dress modesty is applied, such as removing the footwear while entering mosques or ''makam'' (tombs), a visitor should not enter the site wearing shorts ([[sarong]] usually lent near the entrance to cover the lower torso of the visitors).
[[File:Masjid Menara Kudus.jpg|thumb|right|[[Menara Kudus Mosque]] is an example of a combination of [[Majapahit]], Arab, and [[Javanese_people#Architecture|Javanese]] architecture in Indonesia.]]
In [[Aceh]] the [[Baiturrahman Grand Mosque]] and tombs of [[Aceh Sultanate]] kings is a popular destination, while in [[Medan]] the Medan Great Mosque and [[Maimun Palace]] is also major Islamic heritage destination. Most of the Indonesian major cities have their own historical or monumental ''Masjid Agung'' (Grand Mosque) that become city's landmark as well as a tourism attraction. [[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta]], the Indonesian national mosque and the largest in Southeast Asia is Jakarta's major landmark as well as a tourist attraction.

In Java the ziyarat pilgrimage is usually linked to historically important Islamic figures of [[Wali Sanga]] (Nine Saints), they are important because of their historic role in the [[Spread of Islam in Indonesia]]. Their tombs and mosques scattered along with Java's north coast towns, such as [[Demak, Indonesia|Demak]], [[Kudus, Kudus|Kudus]], [[Cirebon]], [[Gresik]], to Ampel in [[Surabaya]]. The 15th-century [[Agung Demak Mosque]] hailed as the first mosque established in Java. [[Menara Kudus Mosque]] is notable for incorporating Majapahit Hindu-Javanese architecture. The tomb of [[Sunan Gunungjati]] near Cirebon, is also the important ziyarat site in West Java.

The heritage tourism might also be focused on the era of 17th- to 19th-century royal Javanese courts of [[Yogyakarta Sultanate]], [[Surakarta Sunanate]] and [[Mangkunegaran]].

=== Colonial heritage ===
[[File:Jakarta Indonesia Jakarta-History-Museum-02.jpg|thumb|Former Batavia Stadhuis now [[Jakarta History Museum]] in [[Kota, Jakarta|Kota Tua]]]]
The heritage tourism is focused on specific interest on [[Indonesian history]], such as colonial [[Colonial architecture of Indonesia|architectural heritage]] of [[Dutch East Indies]] era in Indonesia. The colonial heritage tourism mostly attracted visitors from the [[Netherlands]] that share historical ties with Indonesia, as well as Indonesian or foreign colonial history enthusiast.

The activities among others are visiting museums, [[List of church buildings in Indonesia|churches]], forts and historical colonial buildings, as well as spend some nights in colonial heritage hotels. The popular heritage tourism attractions are [[Kota, Jakarta|Kota]] – the centre of old Jakarta, with its [[Maritime Museum (Indonesia)|Maritime Museum]], Kota Intan drawbridge, [[Gereja Sion]], [[Wayang Museum]], [[Jakarta History Museum|Stadhuis Batavia]], [[Fine Art and Ceramic Museum]], [[Toko Merah]], Bank Indonesia Museum, Bank Mandiri Museum, [[Jakarta Kota railway station]], and [[Glodok]] (Jakarta [[Chinatown]]). In the old ports of [[Sunda Kelapa]], in Jakarta and Paotere in Makassar the tall-masted [[pinisi]] ship still sailed. The [[Jakarta Cathedral]] with neo-gothic architecture in [[Central Jakarta]] also attracted architecture enthusiast.
[[File:Fort Rotterdam, Makassar, Indonesia - 20100227-02.jpg|thumb|right|[[Fort Rotterdam]], a colonial heritage in [[Makassar]]]]
Bandung historical avenue around Asia Afrika and [[Braga Street]] displays rich collections of Indies and [[Art deco]] architecture from early 20th century. Several hotels such as Savoy Homann in Bandung and [[Hotel Majapahit]] in Surabaya are colonial heritage hotels suitable for those whom interested in Dutch East Indies colonial history. The [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] forts can be found in Yogyakarta, Makassar, [[Bengkulu]] and [[Ambon, Maluku|Ambon]]. The colonial buildings might also be found in old town parts of Indonesian cities, such as [[Semarang]], [[Surabaya]], [[Malang]], Medan, and Sawahlunto.

=== Village tourism ===
[[File:Rumah adat Sulah Nyanda BADUY.jpg|thumb|right|''Desa wisata'' [[Baduy people|Baduy]], a tourism village in [[Banten]].]]
[[File:ID-bali-penglipuran-3.jpg|thumb|[[Penglipuran|Penglipuran Village]], one of the cleanest villages in the world, is located in [[Bali]].]]
Village tourism (Indonesian: ''desa wisata'') is a tourism concept in Indonesia to integrate attraction, activity, accommodation, and supporting facility within a specific area, called ''desa'' or [[Villages of Indonesia|village]], to maximize tourism potential of that specific area. Unlike popular resorts area that mostly owned by global hotel chains, village tourism is usually modest small scale family or community-owned accommodations; i.e. boarding house, guest house, bed and breakfast, lodge, tavern, restaurant or ''[[warung]]'' shop. This community-based tourism model is intended to generate the local economy, create jobs, as well as empowering the local community.

Tourism potential may include natural points of interest, specific food, local activity, festivals, crafts, arts and cultural events that are unique to that area. Indonesia have 1,734 tourism villages, most of them located in [[Java]] and [[Bali]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://beritadaerah.co.id/2018/12/13/data-bps-indonesia-punya-1-734-desa-wisata/|title=Data BPS: Indonesia Punya 1.734 Desa Wisata – Berita Daerah|last=Purba|first=Agustinus|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-17}}</ref>

== Leisure and urban tourism ==
Leisure and urban tourism activities include [[shopping]], [[sightseeing]] in big cities, or enjoying modern [[amusement parks]], nightlife and entertainment. To some extent, urban tourism might also involve municipal culture and heritage tourism, such as visits to city museums or parts of the colonial old town.

=== Shopping ===
[[File:Bandung Factory Outlet.jpg|thumb|[[Bandung]] with its boutiques, distribution stores and factory outlets is well known by locals and foreign visitors as shopping heaven in Indonesia]]
The nation's capital, [[Jakarta]], offers many places for shopping. [[Mal Kelapa Gading]], the biggest one with {{convert|130|km2}}, [[Plaza Senayan]], [[Senayan City]], [[Grand Indonesia]], [[Sarinah]], and [[Plaza Indonesia]] are some of the [[shopping mall]]s in the city. Next to high-end shopping centres with branded products, Indonesia is also a popular destination for handicraft shopping in the region. Certain Indonesian traditional crafts such as [[batik]], [[songket]], [[ikat]] weaving, embroidery, wooden statue and fashion products are popular souvenirs for visitors.<ref name="Malaysians flock to Bandung to shop">{{cite web |last=Suwarni |first=Yuli Tri |date=16 July 2009 |title=Malaysians flock to Bandung to shop |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/07/16/malaysians-flock-bandung-shop.html |access-date=11 June 2015 |website=The Jakarta Post}}</ref>

Indonesian textile and fashion products are known for their good value; good quality with relatively cheap and reasonable price. [[Bandung]] is a popular shopping destination for fashion products among Malaysians and Singaporeans.<ref name="Malaysians flock to Bandung to shop"/> Bali has many shopping centres, for instance, the [[Kuta shopping centre]] and the Galeria [[Nusa Dua]].

=== Amusement and theme parks ===
[[File:Halilintar.jpg|thumb|left|[[roller coaster|Halilintar]], one of the amusement parks in Dunia Fantasi, Jakarta]]
Amusement parks with its rides are popular destination for Indonesian families and teenager alike. [[Ancol Dreamland]] with Dunia Fantasi theme park and Atlantis Water Adventure is Jakarta's answer to Disneyland-style amusement park and water park. Several similar theme parks also developed in other cities, such as [[Trans Studio Makassar]] and [[Trans Studio Bandung]].

[[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]] (TMII]) is one of large theme park to know more about Indonesia. TMII is the small miniature culture of Indonesia.

=== Gastronomic tourism ===
{{Main|Cuisine of Indonesia}}
[[File:Nasi Kuning dan Ungkep Ayam.jpg|thumb|right|[[Tumpeng]] example of [[Javanese cuisine]]]]
Indonesia has rich and diverse culinary traditions, and might be considered as one of the richest and the best in the world; such as [[rendang]] that was recently voted as the number one dish of CNN International 'World's 50 Most Delicious Foods' list.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnngo.com/explorations/eat/readers-choice-worlds-50-most-delicious-foods-012321|title=World's 50 best foods: Readers' picks – CNN Travel|work=CNN Travel|access-date=11 June 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111184944/http://www.cnngo.com/explorations/eat/readers-choice-worlds-50-most-delicious-foods-012321|archive-date=11 November 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon [[Culture of Indonesia|indigenous culture]] and foreign influences.<ref name="epicurina">{{cite web|url=http://www.epicurina.com|title=Epicurina Indonesia|website=Epicurina.com|access-date=23 August 2017}}</ref> Indonesian cuisine varies greatly by region and has many different influences.<ref name="epicurina" /><ref name="belindo">{{cite web|url=http://www.belindo.com/default.aspx?navid=84|title=Indonesian food – Belindo|website=Belindo.com|access-date=23 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203133735/http://www.belindo.com/indonesia/indonesian-food/84|archive-date=3 February 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cuisinenet.com/glossary/indon.html |title=Indonesian Cuisine |publisher=Diner's Digest |access-date=11 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409014335/http://www.cuisinenet.com/glossary/indon.html |archive-date=9 April 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Some popular Indonesian dishes such as ''[[nasi goreng]]'',<ref name="bali-travel-life.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.bali-travel-life.com/nasi-goreng.html|title=Nasi Goreng: Indonesia's mouthwatering national dish|website=Bali-travel-life.com|access-date=5 July 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706164129/http://www.bali-travel-life.com/nasi-goreng.html|archive-date=6 July 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref>  ''[[Satay|sate]]'',<ref name="Indonesian food recipes: Satay">{{cite web|url=http://indonesianfoodrecipes.com/indonesian-satay-variants/|title=Indonesian food recipes: Satay|website=Indonesianfoodrecipes.com|access-date=5 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100812035126/http://indonesianfoodrecipes.com/indonesian-satay-variants/|archive-date=12 August 2010|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and ''[[Soto (food)|soto]]''<ref name="A Soto Crawl">{{cite web|url=http://eatingasia.typepad.com/eatingasia/2009/03/soto-crawl.html|title=A Soto Crawl |publisher=Eating Asia|access-date=5 July 2010}}</ref> are ubiquitous in the country and have numerous regional variations. These dishes are considered as Indonesian [[national dish]]es.

Eating establishments in Indonesia are available from the modest street-side cart vendors, to the luxury fine-dining restaurants. Most of the malls and shopping centres in Indonesian major cities usually have an entire floor dedicated as [[food court]]s, where one can sample a rich variety of Indonesian cuisine, and some Indonesian cities have their own signature dishes. Such as [[Mie Aceh]], [[Padang, Indonesia|Padang]]'s [[rendang]], [[Palembang]]'s [[pempek]], [[Jakarta]]'s [[Soto (food)|soto betawi]] and [[gado-gado]], [[Bandung]]'s [[siomay]] and [[batagor]], [[Yogyakarta]]'s [[gudeg]], [[Surakarta|Solo]]'s [[tongseng]], [[Semarang]]'s [[lumpia]], [[Surabaya]]'s [[rawon]], [[Madura]]'s [[satay]], [[Bali]]nese [[nasi campur]] and [[babi guling]], [[Makassar]]'s [[konro]], [[Manado]]'s [[tinutuan]], to [[Chinese Indonesian cuisine|Chinese Indonesian]] [[mie goreng]]. There are also regional food fairs and festivals, such as [[Jakarta Fair]] that offers local delicacies as well as food products from various corners of Indonesia, or Jakarta Fashion & Food Festival (JFFF), that features food and fashion.

=== Wellness and Spas ===
[[File:The Legian Bali-spa-suite.jpg|thumb|A spa suite in [[Legian]], Bali]]
Indonesia has a local tradition of health and beauty treatments. However, it was not until 2000s that [[wellness tourism]] business has become particularly popular in Java and Bali.<ref name="liputan6">{{Cite news|url=https://www.liputan6.com/lifestyle/read/3058541/ethno-spa-2017-hadirkan-sensasi-spa-etnik-khas-indonesia|title=Ethno Spa 2017 Hadirkan Sensasi Spa Etnik Khas Indonesia|last=Cahyu|location=[[Yogyakarta]]|publisher=Liputan6.com|work=liputan6.com|date=15 August 2017|language=id|access-date=2018-07-12}}</ref> In 2009 and 2012, Indonesia won international wellness awards as the world's best spa destination.<ref name="liputan6"/>

Traditionally Indonesians—especially in Java and Bali—has developed their own traditional [[wellness tourism|wellness]] treatment for health, beauty and wellbeing purposes.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2018/04/03/210000527/kekayaan-spa-indonesia-dipromosikan-di-perancis|title=Kekayaan Spa Indonesia Dipromosikan di Perancis – Kompas.com|last=Adiakurnia|first=Muhammad Irzal|editor-last=Prodjo|editor-first=Wahyu Adityo|location=[[Jakarta]]|publisher=Kompas Cyber Media|work=KOMPAS.com|access-date=2018-04-23|language=id}}</ref> Traditional treatments includes Javanese [[jamu]] herbal medicine, also Javanese and Balinese [[massage]]. [[Spa]]s, fitness centres, and [[yoga tourism|yoga classes]] are offered to tourists in major Indonesian cities, especially in Bali, Yogyakarta, Jakarta and Bandung. The Tourism Ministry of Indonesia has promoted Indonesia as a spa and wellness destination through various exhibitions.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2018/04/05/french-exhibition-to-include-bali-java-spas.html|title=French exhibition to include Bali, Java spas|work=The Jakarta Post|access-date=2018-04-23|language=en}}</ref>

Historically, the [[Taman Sari (Yogyakarta)|Taman Sari]] of [[Yogyakarta]] is a water castle built in 1758 that functioned as a pleasure garden for Sultan [[Hamengkubuwono I]], his concubines and the royal family. This palace equipped with rooms and bathing pools served as a place to cleanse, purify and energize body and soul, restricted only for the king and royals, it was pretty much an 18th-century royal spa.<ref name="liputan6"/> Javanese royal treatments included jamu herbal medicine, traditional massage, ''luluran'' (herbal body scrub), bathing and [[Aromatherapy|aromatheraphy]].<ref name="liputan6"/>

In 2019 Indonesian Tourism Ministry is also partnering with Indonesian Health Ministry to provide health tourism, in four sectors: medical tourism, wellness tourism and [[Jamu]], sports tourism, and health academic tourism.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.beritadaerah.co.id/2019/11/20/kemenparekraf-dan-kemenkes-kerja-sama-kembangkan-wisata-kesehatan/|title=Kemenparekraf dan Kemenkes Kerja Sama Kembangkan Wisata Kesehatan|last1=Fu|first1=Handi|editor-last=Fu|editor-first=Handi|date=2019-11-20|website=Berita Daerah|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-26}}</ref>

=== Golfing ===
[[File:Golf course Karawaci.jpg|thumb|A golf course in [[Lippo Karawaci|Karawaci]], Greater Jakarta area]]
Another popular tourist activity is [[golfing]], a favourite sport among the [[upper class]] Indonesians and foreigners. Indonesia has around 150 golf courses. Golf courses concentrated mostly in [[Greater Jakarta]], West Java, East Java, Bali, [[Bintan Island|Bintan]] and Batam. Bali, West Java and Yogyakarta have well-designed golf courses, either by the sea or on highland overlooking volcanoes. Some notable golf courses include Taman Dayu in Pasuruan East Java, Ria Bintan, Damai Indah Golf Bumi Serpong Damai Tangerang, Rancamaya near Bogor, New Kuta Golf in Bali, and Merapi Golf near Yogyakarta.<ref name="Indonesia Top 100 Golf Courses">{{Cite web|url=https://www.top100golfcourses.com/golf-courses/asia/indonesia|title=Indonesia - Top 100 Golf Courses|website=www.top100golfcourses.com|language=en|access-date=2018-06-07}}</ref>

=== Nightlife ===
[[File:Garuda Bot at DWP 2017.jpg|thumb|right|The Garuda main stage of [[Djakarta Warehouse Project]] 2017]]
[[Nightlife (activity)|Nightlife]] of Indonesia is also popular among foreigners, especially in the big cities like [[Jakarta]], [[Bandung]], [[Surabaya]], [[Manado]], [[Denpasar]] and [[Medan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bali-indonesia.com/attractions/enternight.html|title=What to Do in Bali – Bali Attractions|website=Bali-indonesia.com|access-date=23 August 2017}}</ref> Jakarta and Bali for example, are quite popular for its vibrant nightlife and festivals as the city boast its large numbers of discotheque and clubs. The annual [[Djakarta Warehouse Project]] dance music festival is a major [[Electronic Dance Music]] event in Asia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/12/08/organizers-claim-dwp-2016-has-raked-in-rp-200b-foreign-revenue.html|title=Organizers claim DWP 2016 has raked in Rp 200b foreign revenue|work=The Jakarta Post|access-date=2018-06-07|language=en}}</ref>

=== Sex tourism ===
{{See also|Prostitution in Indonesia}}
International [[sex tourism]] and [[child sex tourism]] remains an issue, especially on the islands of [[Batam]] and [[Great Karimun|Karimun]] and in major urban centres and tourist destinations across the country, including [[Bali]] and [[Riau Islands]]. In Indonesia, prostitution is illegal and interpreted as a "crime against decency and morality".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2007/100521.htm |title=US Department of State: Indonesia |date=11 March 2008 |access-date=21 February 2010}}</ref> In practice, however, prostitution is quite widespread, tolerated, and somewhat regulated, mostly illegally or underground in [[discotheque]]s, [[massage parlour]]s, and [[karaoke room]]s,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://images.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/07/24/prostitution-fuels-hivaids-rate-c-java.html |title=Prostitution fuels HIV/AIDS rate in C. Java |last=Maryono |first=Agus |date=24 July 2009 |work=The Jakarta Post |access-date=24 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321195031/http://images.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/07/24/prostitution-fuels-hivaids-rate-c-java.html |archive-date=21 March 2012 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and also visible on certain [[Street prostitution|streets]]. It is estimated that 40,000 to 70,000 Indonesian children are being exploited in prostitution within the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indonesia |publisher=humantrafficking.org |url=http://www.humantrafficking.org/countries/indonesia |access-date=16 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130916135602/http://humantrafficking.org/countries/indonesia |archive-date=16 September 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Prostitution is conducted by both genders, with Bali being notorious for its 'Kuta Cowboys', local [[gigolo]]s targeting foreign female tourists.<ref>{{cite news |title='Kuta Cowboys' strutting their stuff for lovelorn visitors |date=5 May 2002 |author=Claire Harvey |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2002/05/05/039kuta-cowboys039-strutting-their-stuff-lovelorn-visitors.html |access-date=16 October 2014 }}</ref>

== Transportation ==

;International airports
{{Main|List of airports in Indonesia|Aviation in Indonesia}}
[[File:A best architectural mix (26004445313).jpg|thumb|right|[[Ngurah Rai International Airport]] in Bali, one of the main gate for international visitors to enter Indonesia]]
Each of the larger Indonesian islands has at least one [[international airport]]. The biggest and the busiest airport in Indonesia is [[Soekarno-Hatta International Airport]] in [[Jakarta]], followed by [[Juanda International Airport]] in [[Surabaya]] as the second busiest airport in the country.<ref name="airport.id">{{Cite web|url=https://airport.id/7-bandara-tersibuk-di-indonesia/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412083115/https://airport.id/7-bandara-tersibuk-di-indonesia/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-04-12|title=7 Bandara tersibuk di Indonesia|website=airport.id}}</ref> There are four more international airports in Java, [[Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport]], [[Yogyakarta International Airport]], [[Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport]], and [[Kertajati International Airport]].

[[Bali]], the tourism hotspot, has the [[I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport]], which is the third busiest in Indonesia and one of the main entry points for foreign visitors.<ref name="airport.id" />

There are seven international airports in [[Sumatra]]; [[Kualanamu International Airport]] in [[Medan]], [[Sultan Iskandar Muda International Airport]] in [[Banda Aceh]], [[Sultan Syarif Kasim II International Airport]] in [[Pekanbaru]], [[Minangkabau International Airport]] in [[Padang]], [[Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II International Airport]] in [[Palembang]], [[Hang Nadim International Airport]] in [[Batam]], [[H.A.S. Hanandjoeddin International Airport]] in [[Tanjung Pandan]].

In [[Kalimantan]], there are three international airports, [[Supadio International Airport]] in [[Pontianak]], [[Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan International Airport]] in [[Balikpapan]], and [[Syamsudin Noor International Airport]] in [[Banjarmasin]]. In Sulawesi, there are two international airports, [[Sam Ratulangi International Airport]] in [[Manado]] and [[Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport]] in [[Makassar]], which is a major hub serving central and eastern Indonesia is also the 4th busiest.<ref name="airport.id" />

Other international airports in Indonesia include [[Sentani International Airport]] in [[Jayapura]], [[Lombok International Airport]] in the island of [[Lombok]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airports.org/aci/aci/file/ADN%20-%20Momberger/ACI-ADN%20Dec%202005.pdf |title=Airport development news |access-date=2010-08-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091229053342/http://www.airports.org/aci/aci/file/ADN%20-%20Momberger/ACI-ADN%20Dec%202005.pdf |archive-date=29 December 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>New Lombok International Airport, The Directorate General of Air Communication, and PT. (Persero) Angkasa Pura 1, Project Summary, Jakarta, 4 January 2005</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.angkasapura1.co.id/index.php/berita/show/id/36|title=Angkasa Pura – Airports|author=PT Angkasa Pura I (Persero)|website=Angkasapuralc.o.id|access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref> and [[Komodo International Airport]] in the island of [[Flores]].

;Train

Indonesia is an archipelagic country to explore Indonesia there are several alternatives. To have different experience beside using airplanes, traveler can use trains, ships and buses. Local transportation can be used to explore Indonesia, trains can be used to travel between cities, as sample to explore Java island travelers use train to travel from Jakarta to Yogyakarta to visit Borobudur.
Indonesia also has a fast train service between Jakarta and Bandung, and local train services in and around Jakarta.

;Ships

;Bus

There are many bus operators, both inter-city and intra-city.

;Angkot

An angkot is a small car that is used as local public transportation.

;Taxi

There are several taxi operators in the city.{{Fix|text=which city?}} There are also online taxis in big cities.

;Motorcycle

There are online motorcycle services.

==Marketing==

'''Destination Management Organization'''
[[File:Toraja barns-1.JPG|thumb|right|[[Tana Toraja]] in South Sulawesi, one of Destination Management Organization in Indonesia]]

One program of Central Government is Destination Management Organization (DMO), an integrated promotion and management program which involving all stake holders in tourism industry, including the local authority, business owners and local people. The DMO targets for 2010–2014 were 15 areas: [[Sabang, Indonesia|Sabang]], [[Lake Toba|Toba]], [[Kota Tua Jakarta|Jakarta Old City]] Area, [[Pangandaran]], [[Borobudur]], [[Tanjung Puting]], [[Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park|Bromo-Tengger-Semeru]], Batur Bali Area, [[Rinjani]], [[Derawan Islands]], [[Toraja]], [[Bunaken]], [[Wakatobi]], [[Raja Ampat]], [[Komodo (island)|Komodo]]-[[Kelimutu]]-[[Flores]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/158750 |title=Budpar Kembangkan Program Unggulan |date=16 September 2011 |access-date=19 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929131655/http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/158750 |archive-date=29 September 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

=== Indonesian tourism campaigns ===
{{See also|Visit Indonesia Year}}
[[File:VisitIndonesia92 Bantimurung.jpg|thumb|upright|The rhino was the mascot of [[Visit Indonesia Year]] 1991.]]
The official Indonesian government authority that is responsible for the tourism sector in Indonesia is the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Indonesia. Several campaigns to promote Indonesian tourism have been launched, either by government or private sectors through various media such as print, television, and online.

'''Visit Indonesia Year 1991'''
Learning from neighbouring countries' success, such as [[Thailand]], [[Singapore]] and [[Malaysia]], which successfully gained benefits and exploited their tourism sectors through intensive promotions, in the early 1990s the Indonesian government launched integrated efforts to promote Indonesian tourism worldwide. The first integrated campaign was coined as [[Visit Indonesia Year]], and the first year was the ''Visit Indonesia Year 1991''.<ref>Presidential Decree Number 3/1989 regarding Visit Indonesia Year 1991 – op.cit.p.31</ref>

'''Visit Indonesia Year 2008'''
The Indonesian Ministry of Culture and Tourism declared 2008 as a Visit Indonesia Year.<ref name="my-indonesia.info">{{cite web |url=http://my-indonesia.info/page.php?ic=7&id=2581 |title=What's New - 'Visit Indonesia Year 2008' in the works |access-date=2007-11-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071221080934/http://www.my-indonesia.info/page.php?ic=7&id=2581 |archive-date=21 December 2007 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Visit Indonesia Year 2008 was officially launched on 26 December 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.budpar.go.id/page.php?ic=611&id=3377 |title=News ( more >> ) |website=www.budpar.go.id |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080117155717/http://www.budpar.go.id/page.php?ic=611&id=3377 |archive-date=17 January 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The figure of Visit Indonesia Year 2008 branding took the concept of [[National emblem of Indonesia|Garuda Pancasila]] as the Indonesian way of life. The five components of Pancasila were represented by five different coloured lines and symbolised the Indonesian ''Unity in Diversity''. The targeted number was 7 million. Visit Indonesia Year 2008 also commemorated 100 years of [[Budi Utomo|Indonesia's national awakening]] in 1908.

'''Visit Indonesia Year 2009'''
[[File:Kecak dancers cliffside Uluwatu.jpg|thumb|[[Kecak]] dance performance as a tourist attraction in Bali.]]
Tourism Indonesia Mart & Expo (TIME) 2009 was held at Santosa Villas & Resort in Senggigi on the west coast of Lombok NTB. Entering its 16th year of conduct, TIME 2009 was organised by the Indonesian Tourism Promotion Board (ITPB) and received the support of a wide number of tour participants in Indonesia.

TIME 2009 attracted 127 buyers from 25 countries. The top five buyers were from Korea, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, the United States, and the Netherlands. TIME 2009 also attracted a total of 250 delegates of Sellers from 97 companies of Indonesia occupying 84 booths at the exhibition. Sellers came from 15 provinces dominated by West Nusa Tenggara, Jakarta, Bali, Central Java, and East Kalimantan as top five Sellers. The percentage of sellers based on the industry was hotel, resort & spa (75%), NTO (10%), tour operator/travel agent (7%), adventure/activity holiday (3%), airline (1.5%), and others (hotel management, tourism board, tourism organization & travel portal 8.5%). During the [[2008 financial crisis]], TIME 2009 booked an estimated of the transaction of {{USD|17.48}} million, or increasing 15% from the previous TIME held in Makassar, South Sulawesi in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/38446-Lombok,-West-Nusa-Tenggara-welcomes-Tourism-Indonesia-Mart-&-Expo-(TIME)-2010%7cTravel|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717093330/http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/38446-Lombok%2C-West-Nusa-Tenggara-welcomes-Tourism-Indonesia-Mart-%26-Expo-%28TIME%29-2010%7CTravel|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 July 2011|title=Daily News, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara welcomes Tourism Indonesia Mart & Expo (TIME) 2010-Wednesday, August 18, 2010|website=Traveldailynews.com|access-date=23 August 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

'''Visit Indonesia Year 2010'''
[[File:Pertunjukan Sendratari Ramayana.jpg|thumb|right|Cultural performances such as [[Balinese dance|Balinese]] [[Ramayana Ballet|Ramayana traditional dance]] are popular tourist attractions especially in [[Ubud]], Bali.]]
Following the hosting on the island of Lombok in 2009, the event was again hosted in Lombok-Sumbawa on 12–15 October 2010 at Santosa Villas & Resort in Senggigi on the west coast of Lombok. Entering its 16th year, TIME was organised by the Indonesian Tourism Promotion Board (ITPB) and supported by a wide number of tour participants in Indonesia. TIME 2010 was supported by the travel and tourism industry in Indonesia, including the Ministry of Culture & Tourism, the Provincial Government of West Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara Culture & Tourism Office, Lombok Sumbawa Promo, Garuda Indonesia as official airline, other supporting airlines, Indonesia National Air Carriers Association (INACA), Board of Airline Representatives Indonesia (BARINDO), Association of Indonesian Tours & Travel Agencies (ASITA), Indonesia Hotels and Restaurant Association (PHRI), Indonesian Conference and Convention Association (INCCA), Pacto Convex as the event organiser, supported by national and international media.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://worldtravelergroup.com/best-places-to-visit-in-indonesia/ | title=10 best places to visit in Indonesia : exploring Southeast Asian gem | work=WORLD TRAVELER GROUP | date=5 August 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230806084309/https://worldtravelergroup.com/best-places-to-visit-in-indonesia/ | archive-date=2023-08-06}}</ref> Lombok and Sumbawa in West Nusa Tenggara set a target of wooing one million tourists to visit the islands by 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lombok, Sumbawa eying 1 million tourists by 2012 |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/05/04/lombok-sumbawa-eying-1-million-tourists-2012.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100509103203/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/05/04/lombok-sumbawa-eying-1-million-tourists-2012.html |archive-date=9 May 2010 |access-date=2010-07-10 |website=the Jakarta Post |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

'''Wonderful Indonesia (since 2011)'''
[[File:Wonderful Indonesia (8335877660).jpg|thumb|right|Wonderful Indonesia [[Float (parade)|floral float]], depicting [[wayang golek]] wooden puppet in Pasadena [[Rose Parade]] 2013.]]
''Wonderful Indonesia'' has been the [[slogan]] since January 2011 of an international marketing campaign directed by the [[Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Indonesia)|Indonesian Ministry of Culture and Tourism]] to promote tourism.<ref name="JP1">{{cite news |author=Maulia |first=Erwida |date=6 January 2011 |title=Tourism Ministry set to launch 'Wonderful Indonesia' campaign |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/01/06/tourism-ministry-set-launch-%E2%80%98wonderful-indonesia%E2%80%99-campaign.html |url-status=dead |access-date=12 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312211940/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/01/06/tourism-ministry-set-launch-%E2%80%98wonderful-indonesia%E2%80%99-campaign.html |archive-date=12 March 2014 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> The campaign replaced the previous "[[Visit Indonesia Year]]" campaign which had been used since 1991.<ref>[http://www.indonesia.travel/en/material/detail/87/logo-wonderful-indonesia-2013 ''Wonderful Indonesia Logo''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312212433/http://www.indonesia.travel/en/material/detail/87/logo-wonderful-indonesia-2013 |date=12 March 2014 }}; Indonesia Travel website; accessed .</ref> The "Wonderful Indonesia" concept highlights Indonesia's "wonderful" [[Wildlife of Indonesia|nature]], [[Culture of Indonesia|cultures]], [[Native Indonesians|people]], [[Indonesian cuisine|food]], and value for the money.<ref>{{cite web | title=5 Kreteria untuk Branding Pariwisata Indonesia 2011 |url=http://www.indonesia.travel/id/news/detail/265/5-kreteria-untuk-branding-pariwisata-indonesia-2011| publisher= Indonesia Travel| language=id| access-date = 12 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indonesia.travel/en|title=Wonderful Indonesia – Official Indonesia Tourism and Travel Information|website=Indonesia.travel|access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref> After the campaign was launched, Indonesia reported an increase of foreign visitors; from 7,002,944 in 2010, to 7,649,731 in 2011; and 8,044,462 in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.bps.go.id/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=16&notab=16| title = Jumlah Kedatangan Wisatawan Mancanegara ke Indonesia Menurut Negara Tempat Tinggal 2002–2011| access-date = 12 March 2014| publisher = Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik)| language = id| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130923073056/http://www.bps.go.id/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=16&notab=16| archive-date = 23 September 2013| df = dmy-all}}</ref>

In late January 2011, Culture and Tourism Minister [[Jero Wacik]] announced that "[[Wonderful Indonesia]]" would replace the previous "[[Visit Indonesia Year]]" branding used by the nation's official tourism promotional campaigns, although the logo of stylised curves Garuda remain.<ref>{{cite web|title= Wonderful Indonesia Logo 2013|url=http://www.indonesia.travel/en/material/detail/87/logo-wonderful-indonesia-2013Wonderful|access-date=11 June 2015|website=Wonderful Indonesia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150613102352/http://www.indonesia.travel/en/material/detail/87/logo-wonderful-indonesia-2013Wonderful |archive-date= Jun 13, 2015 }}</ref> The minister announced that in 2010, foreign tourists visiting Indonesia touched 7 million and made predictions of 7.7 million in 2011. He was reported as describing the new branding as reflecting "the country's beautiful nature, unique culture, varied food, hospitable people and price competitiveness. "We expect each tourist will spend around US$1,100 and with an optimistic target of 7.7 million arrivals, we will get $8.3 billion," from this. The Culture and Tourism Minister added that 50 per cent of the revenue would be generated from about 600 meetings, conventions and exhibitions that were expected to take place in various places throughout the country 2011. He further added in the announcements of January 2011 that his ministry would be promoting the country's attractions under the eco-cultural banner.<ref>{{cite news |title=RI to launch 'Wonderful Indonesia' to lure tourists |work=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/12/31/ri-launch-'wonderful-indonesia'-lure-tourists.html |date=December 31, 2010 |url-status=dead |access-date=27 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623173333/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/12/31/ri-launch-%E2%80%98wonderful-indonesia%E2%80%99-lure-tourists.html |archive-date=23 June 2012 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

'''Pesona Indonesia (since 2014)'''
In December 2014, the new Minister of Tourism, [[Arief Yahya]] launched the new brand ''Pesona Indonesia'' to target the domestic tourism market. Both ''Wonderful Indonesia'' and ''Pesona Indonesia'' have the same Garuda logo. The minister hopes that both brands will be a single tourism identity for Indonesia.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Noviyanti |first=Sri |date=2014-12-24 |title=Peluncuran "Wonderful Indonesia" dan "Pesona Indonesia"  |work=Kompas |editor-last=Asdhiana |editor-first=I Made |url=http://travel.kompas.com/read/2014/12/24/164500827/Peluncuran.Wonderful.Indonesia.dan.Pesona.Indonesia. |access-date=2016-10-09}}</ref>

'''2016'''
[[File:Lake Toba, North Sumatra (31).JPG|thumb|right|[[Lake Toba]] in North Sumatra, one of 10 Priority Tourism Destinations]]

For most of the time, Indonesian tourism relies heavily on the charm of Bali as a drawing force to attract tourists. As a result, most foreign visitors are drawn and concentrated only in Bali, which already has quite well-developed tourism culture and infrastructure. To distribute the wealth of tourism and generate tourism-related economic opportunities among Indonesian provinces, the tourism authority launched a program to create and add new centres of attraction as an alternative for Bali.

In mid-2016, the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism launched a new program named "10 Priority Tourism Destinations (Indonesian: ''10 Destinasi Wisata Prioritas'')" dubbed as "the new Bali". The ten destinations are [[Borobudur Temple Compounds|Borobudur Temple]], [[Lake Toba]], [[Mount Bromo]], [[Komodo National Park]], [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Kepulauan Seribu]], [[Mandalika Resort Area|Mandalika]], [[Wakatobi National Park|Wakatobi Islands]], [[Tanjung Kelayang]] beach, [[Tanjung Lesung]] beach, and [[Morotai]] island.<ref name="Media">{{Cite news |last=Adiakurnia |first=Muhammad Irzal |date=2018-01-19 |title=Apa Kabar 10 Destinasi Prioritas Pariwisata "Bali Baru"? |language=id |work=KOMPAS |editor-last=Prodjo |editor-first=Wahyu Adityo |url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2018/01/19/164355827/apa-kabar-10-destinasi-prioritas-pariwisata-bali-baru |access-date=2018-06-07}}</ref>

The efforts among others by creating and improving tourism infrastructure facilities including hotels, homestays, restaurants, handicraft and souvenir art markets, also improving interconnection into these regions by improving and constructing new airports.<ref name="Media"/> However, in practice by 2017 among these 10 priorities, only 4 of them that kick-off and received full government attention and supports; they are Lake Toba in North Sumatra, Borobudur in Central Java, Labuan Bajo as the gate into Komodo National park, and Mandalika in Lombok.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Prodjo |first=Wahyu Adityo |date=2017-11-18 |title=10 Destinasi "Bali Baru", 4 Destinasi Jadi Prioritas |language=id |work=KOMPAS.com |editor-last=Asdhiana |editor-first=I Made |url=https://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/11/18/122700027/10-destinasi-bali-baru-4-destinasi-jadi-prioritas |access-date=2018-06-07}}</ref>

== Challenges to the tourism industry ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; float:right"
|+Travel Warnings<br>{{needs update|date=January 2025}}
| Australia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smartraveller.gov.au/zw-cgi/view/Advice/Indonesia|title=Indonesia|website=Smarttraveller.gov.au|access-date=11 June 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008122236/http://www.smartraveller.gov.au/zw-cgi/view/Advice/indonesia|archive-date=8 October 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| 2006-08-21
| All Indonesia
| Terrorist threats
|-
| rowspan=2 | United Kingdom<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1065718099599|title=Travel Advice British Embassy, Jakarta<!-- Bot generated title -->|website=Britishembassy.gov.uk|access-date=23 August 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225172628/http://www.britishembassy.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket%2FXcelerate%2FShowPage&c=Page&cid=1065718099599|archive-date=25 December 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| rowspan=2 | 2006-08-21
| All Indonesia
| Terrorist threats
|-
| [[Maluku Islands|Maluku]],<br />[[Central Sulawesi]], [[Aceh]]
| Regional conflicts
|-
| United States<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jakarta.usembassy.gov/us-service/wm_150103.html|title=Security Message for U.S. Citizens – Embassy of the United States Jakarta, Indonesia|website=Jakarta.usembassy.gov|access-date=11 June 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614134416/http://jakarta.usembassy.gov/us-service/wm_150103.html|archive-date=14 June 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| 2015-01-03
| [[Surabaya]]
| Terrorist threats
|}

=== Terrorism ===
{{further|Terrorism in Indonesia}}
[[File:The Bali bombing memorial (16702974500).jpg|thumb|The [[2002 Bali bombings|Bali bombings memorial]], the terrorist attacks were a major blow for the Indonesian tourism industry]]
Although Indonesia had suffered [[terrorism|terrorist]] attacks back in the 1980s, it was not until 2000s that the attacks have become more disturbingly organized. The first major terrorist attack in Indonesia was [[2002 Bali bombings|2002 Bali bombing]]. This was a major blow to Indonesia's tourism industry. A series of travel warnings were issued by several countries. After the attack, the rate of tourism in [[Bali]] decreased by 32%.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Waiting for the Rain|publisher=Peace and Conflict Monitor|url=http://www.monitor.upeace.org/archive.cfm?id_article=91|date=10 February 2003}}</ref>

After this 2002 attack, the following three years also suffered three major terrorist bombings: the [[2003 Marriott Hotel bombing]], the [[2004 Australian embassy bombing in Jakarta]], and a [[2005 Bali bombings|second bombing in Bali]]. Fortunately in 2008, no major terrorist attack occurred since 2005, and the [[United States Government]] lifted its warning against travel to Indonesia.<ref name="SMH">{{cite news| last = McDonald | first = Hamish | title = Fighting terror with smart weaponry | page = 17 | newspaper = [[Sydney Morning Herald]] | date = 30 June 2008 | url =http://www.smh.com.au/news/world/fighting-terrorism-with-smart-weaponry/2008/05/30/1211654312137.html}}</ref> In 2006, 227,000 [[Australians]] visited Indonesia, and in 2007, this tourist rate continued to rise with a recorded 314,000 tourists entering Indonesia.<ref name="SMH" />

In 2008, the [[US government]] lifted their travel warning on Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web |title=US lifts travel warning imposed on Indonesia following terrorist attacks |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/05/25/us-lifts-travel-warning-imposed-indonesia-following-terrorist-attacks.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612230613/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/05/25/us-lifts-travel-warning-imposed-indonesia-following-terrorist-attacks.html |archive-date=12 June 2015 |access-date=11 June 2015 |website=The Jakarta Post |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

By 2016, the terrorist threat was renewed and reactivated by the outbreak of [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|ISIS]]-affiliated sleeper cells in the region. In 2016, Jakarta suffered [[2016 Jakarta attacks|terrorist attack]]. And by 2018, numbers of terrorist attacks erupted in [[Surabaya bombings|Surabaya]] and [[Pekanbaru]].

=== Policies ===
Most of the major tourist destinations in Indonesia, especially Bali, Yogyakarta, Batam, Bandung and Jakarta, have a rather relaxed modern cosmopolitan social outlook, which is quite conducive for the tourism industry. However, certain regional provinces might not have that kind of luxury and tend to be conservative.{{clarify|date=January 2025}} In addition to national laws, certain Indonesian provinces have applied regional autonomous laws, some of them based on Islamic [[sharia]] law, such as [[Aceh]] province. Extra caution must be demonstrated by visitors to Aceh since the province has rather strict Islamic-based law, enforced by [[Islamic religious police]], called the [[Wilayatul Hisbah]] in Indonesia.<ref>{{cite news |author=Dhumieres |first=Marie |date=20 May 2014 |title=Young and in love in Indonesia? Beware, in Banda Aceh, the sharia police are watching – Unmarried couples face harsh penalties if they break Islamic laws |newspaper=Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/young-and-in-love-in-indonesia-beware-the-sharia-police-are-watching-9405776.html}}</ref>

Thus, some certain normally private matters, such as beach clothing (especially bikini),<ref>{{cite news | date = 13 April 2016 | title = German Tourists Reprimanded for Wearing Bikinis on Aceh Beach| newspaper = Tempo | url =http://en.tempo.co/read/news/2016/04/13/199762253/German-Tourists-Reprimanded-for-Wearing-Bikinis-on-Aceh-Beach}}</ref> modesty issue, party and the consumption of alcohol, to a display of affections between a couple, are discouraged and frowned upon, and might led to a legal problem.<ref>{{cite news | title = Hundreds of tourists cancel trips to Aceh | author = Hotli Simanjuntak | newspaper = The Jakarta Post | date = 8 January 2015| url =http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/01/08/hundreds-tourists-cancel-trips-aceh.html}}</ref> Carefulness and discretion are required, especially for unmarried couple and LGBT travellers.<ref>{{cite web | title = Gay & Lesbian Travellers to Indonesia | work = Lonely Planet | url = http://www.lonelyplanet.com/indonesia/gay-and-lesbian-travellers | access-date = 18 October 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161126142702/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/indonesia/gay-and-lesbian-travellers | archive-date = 26 November 2016 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>

The [[Alcohol in Indonesia|legal restriction against alcohol]], pushed forward by Islamist parties and organizations in the country, is also harming tourism and service sector. As a result, the alcohol tax in Indonesia is among the highest in the world, which caused an unusually high price for alcoholic beverages. This policy is quite harmful to bar, club and restaurant industry in Indonesia.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wardhani |first1=Dewanti |last2=Erviani |first2=Ni Komang |last3=Nugraha |first3=Panca |date=9 August 2016 |title=Alcohol ban jeopardizes industry, tourism |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/08/09/alcohol-ban-jeopardizes-industry-tourism.html}}</ref>

Another unconducive policy is a rather strict policy on nightlife; local authority sometimes launched a raid on clubs, karaoke and discothèque in a pretext to curb down drugs and substance abuse in these places, which might be inconvenient for visitors.<ref>{{cite news |author=O'Riordan |first=Bernard |date=29 August 2005 |title=Tourists visiting Bali nightclubs face random police drug tests |newspaper=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/aug/29/indonesia.travelnews}}</ref> It was reported in April 2017 that the Indonesian government authorities arrested 32 foreign nationals for failing to show proper ID during a raid on an entertainment hub in Batam on 23 April 2017. Yudi Kurnain, a Batam Legislative Council member had condemned the raid, saying that it might discourage tourism in the island. He was quoted as saying, "They should humanely conduct immigration checks, not through such repressive actions".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/04/24/six-singaporean-military-personnel-detained-in-batam-raid.html|title=Six Singaporean military personnel deported after Batam raid - National|first=The Jakarta|last=Post|website=The Jakarta Post}}</ref>

Since 2016, [[Anti-LGBT rhetoric|anti-LGBT]] sentiments are on the rise in the country, such as [[homophobia]], hate crimes, raids, criminalization and harassment against [[LGBT rights in Indonesia|LGBT locals]] and foreigners.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/20/lgbt-taskforce-indonesian-city-adds-fears-gay-rights-crackdown/|title=LGBT 'taskforce' in Indonesian city adds to fears of gay rights crackdown|last=Smith|first=Nicola|date=2018-02-20|work=The Telegraph|access-date=2018-03-12|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}</ref> The government's failure to curb Islamist attacks on LGBT people might damage the tourism sector and real estate development.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/02/20/indonesias-anti-lgbt-drive-should-concern-all-asia|title=Indonesia's anti-LGBT drive should concern all Asia|date=2018-02-20|work=Human Rights Watch|access-date=2018-03-12|language=en}}</ref>

=== Regional conflicts ===
[[File:Papuan Dance from Yapen.jpg|thumb|[[Papua province|Papuan]] tribal war dance from [[Yapen Islands Regency|Yapen]], Papua. The easternmost provinces of [[Papua (province)|Papua]] and [[West Papua (province)|West Papua]] are still affected by small scale regional conflict caused by [[Free Papua Movement|separatist rebellion]]. Caution required for travelers into these provinces.]]

Another major threat to the tourism industry are sectarian and separatist conflicts in certain provinces of Indonesia. Decades of [[Insurgency in Aceh|separatism-related violence]] in [[Aceh]] ended in 2005 with the signing of a peace agreement between the Indonesian Government and the [[Free Aceh Movement]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Former rebel says Aceh peace is here to stay|work=[[Reuters]]|url=http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=reutersEdge&storyID=2006-08-13T125803Z_01_B52062_RTRUKOC_0_US-INDONESIA-ACEH.xml|date=13 August 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070331093232/http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=reutersEdge|archive-date=31 March 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Currently, Aceh is trying to develop its tourism sector,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.acehtourism.travel/|title=Aceh Tourism|website=Aceh Tourism|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-12}}</ref> although they still have problems regarding unconducive policies such as strict enforcement of [[sharia]] law that may harm tourism development in the province.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Tanjung |first1=Intan |last2=Parwitasari |first2=Wienda |date=10 June 2016 |title=Aceh: a guide for visitors |language=en |work=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2016/06/10/aceh-a-guide-for-visitors.html |access-date=2018-03-12}}</ref>

While the tourism industry in [[Maluku Islands|Maluku]] and [[Central Sulawesi]], which have suffered in recent years from [[Maluku sectarian conflict|serious sectarian]] [[Poso riots|conflicts]], are currently recovering.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Charly|first=Hongdiyanto|date=2015-03-13|title=Surviving Conflict: A Case Study of Tourism Industry in Maluku|url=https://dspace.uc.ac.id/handle/123456789/554|language=en}}</ref>

[[Papua (Indonesian province)|Papua]] on the other hand, is still affected by [[Organisasi Papua Merdeka|Papuan separatism]], a small scale [[Papua conflict|regional conflict]]. The government and military has been accused of a "slow genocide" against native inhabitant, through [[Transmigration program|transmigration]] from other densely populated Indonesian provinces that alter the demographic balance in the province.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/democraciaabierta/ryan-griffiths/west-papuas-fight-for-independence|title=West Papua's struggle for independence|date=2018-03-08|website=openDemocracy|language=en|access-date=2018-03-12}}</ref> The government and military also has been accused for suppressing free speech in [[West Papua (province)|West Papua]], after an expulsion of foreign journalists.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ifex.org/indonesia/2018/02/19/papua-measles-malnutrition/|title=Indonesia told to respect media freedom in Papua after expelling BBC reporter Rebecca Henschke – IFEX|work=IFEX|access-date=2018-03-12|language=en}}</ref>

=== Environmental issues ===
{{Further|Environmental issues in Indonesia}}

[[Environmental issues in Indonesia|Environmental issues]] also pose some problems in the Indonesian tourism sector: especially for nature conservation, marine, forest and national park-related tourism. Problems include deforestation, haze hazard caused by [[slash-and-burn]] practice that disrupts air transportation and health, also plastic garbage that pollutes marine life.

During the tropical [[dry season]] in 2015, Indonesia and its neighbours were hit by a [[2015 Southeast Asian haze|massive haze]], caused by slash and burn practice to clear the land in Sumatra and Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo). [[Riau]] suffered the worst, as the haze disrupted air transportation and caused a health hazard.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Soeriaatmadja |first=Wahyudi |date=2015-09-03 |title=Indonesia's Riau hit by worst haze in 2015, flights disrupted |language=en |work=The Straits Times |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/indonesias-riau-hit-by-worst-haze-in-2015-flights-disrupted |access-date=2018-06-07}}</ref>

In March 2018, a diver shows footage of a popular diving site polluted with floating plastic garbage in Manta Point, Nusa Penida, around 20 kilometres off the coast of Bali. Bali sits in the middle of the Indonesian throughflow, a current that streams from the Pacific Ocean into the Indian Ocean through the string of straits of the Indonesian archipelago. This means that [[plastic pollution|plastic waste]] could either be local or be brought in from as far away as the Pacific Ocean; either from within Indonesia, from neighbouring Malaysia and Philippines, or from faraway Asia-Pacific regions, carried away by sea currents.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-43312464|title=Bali's battle against plastic pollution|date=2018-03-07|work=BBC News|access-date=2018-06-07|language=en-GB}}</ref>

=== Health issues ===
{{Further|Health in Indonesia}}

[[File:Stasiun Padang lengang difoto saat pandemi COVID-19.jpg|thumb|upright|Empty seats at [[Padang Station]] during COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020. Indonesian travel and tourism industry was suffering by this coronavirus outbreaks]]
An outbreak of [[Avian influenza|bird flu]] throughout the country has affected the numbers of foreign visitors. As of 2006, the outbreak had killed at least 46 people since 2005, making Indonesia the country with the highest death toll from the recent epidemic.<ref>{{cite news |date=20 August 2006 |title=Indonesian woman died of bird flu, cluster probed |agency=The Star |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2006/08/20/indonesian-woman-died-of-bird-flu-cluster-probed_2/}}</ref> However, since the disease has not yet been proven to [[mutate]] into a form that can transfer from human to human, the US embassy, for example, has not yet issued a travel warning regarding the outbreak.<ref>{{Cite news|publisher=Tempointeraktif|url=http://www.tempointeractive.com/hg/nasional/2005/09/23/brk,20050923-67005,uk.html|title=USA Not to Issue Travel Warning|date=23 September 2005|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071216211336/http://www.tempointeractive.com/hg/nasional/2005/09/23/brk,20050923-67005,uk.html|archive-date=16 December 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], Indonesia closed its borders to all travellers from China. This move has impacted the Indonesian tourism since Chinese travellers are the second-biggest foreign visitors to the country. The government is planning to spend $477 million in the form of tax cuts, discounts, and others to reduce the slump in the tourism sector.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tambun |first=Lenny Tristia |date=25 Feb 2020 |title=Indonesia to Spend $744m to Woo Tourists Scared Off by Coronavirus |url=https://jakartaglobe.id/business/indonesia-to-spend-744m-to-woo-tourists-scared-off-by-coronavirus |access-date=2020-02-26 |website=Jakarta Globe}}</ref> Foreign tourist arrivals at 3 (three) big gates from 26 main entrances in April 2020 compared to April 2019, namely: Ngurah Rai decreased by -99.94%; Soekarno-Hatta experienced a decrease of -99.79%, and Batam decreased by -99.27%.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kemenparekraf.go.id/post/data-kunjungan-wisatawan-mancanegara-bulanan-tahun-2020 |title = Kemenparekraf}}</ref> In March 2020, The Indonesian government has decided that Visa Free Arrival (BVK), Visa on Arrival and the Diplomatic / Free Service Visa policy are suspended for 1 month.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kemenparekraf.go.id/post/kebijakan-tambahan-pemerintah-indonesia-terkait-perlintasan-orang-dari-dan-ke-indonesia-terkait-covid-19 |title = Kemenparekraf}}</ref>

== Guide books ==
[[File:Bali, Indonesia (50368691146).jpg|thumb|[[Pura Ulun Danu Bratan|Beratan Lake and Temple]] in Bali, a popular image often featured to promote Indonesian tourism]]
Guide books and travel accounts with details of the country and people have had a long history – some books from the 19th century and early 20th-century being classics with a description of places that were perceived as ''things to see''. Both private authors and government publications (such as the 1920s ''Come to Java'' books produced in Batavia by the government tourist bureau of the time) have been made each decade through to the present.

There were restrictions to tourism during World War II and the mid-to-late 1960s – other than those two periods – travel accounts and guide books have been produced regularly. James Rush's and [[Adrian Vickers]]' texts mentioned below are excellent introductions to the range of writing that has been created.

The most popular guide book on Indonesia in English from the 1970s to the 1990s was Bill Dalton's ''[[Indonesia Handbook]]'', while from the 1990s onward, the [[Lonely Planet]]'s ''[[Indonesia (Lonely Planet)|Indonesia]]'' went to its tenth edition in 2010. Many other guide books have been produced in English and other languages.

Major international newspapers regularly have travel sections and stories about Indonesia.<ref name="nytimes1" /> The journalists of tourism in Indonesia joined in the Indonesian Tourism Journalist Association (ITJA),<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pelitajabaronline.com/?page=view&id=20170119205454|title=ITJA, Wadah Wartawan Pariwisata|website=Pelitajabaronline.com|access-date=15 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818090507/http://pelitajabaronline.com/?page=view&id=20170119205454|archive-date=18 August 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Indonesian journalists active enough to write a variety of tourism information about the uniqueness found in this country.

== Gallery ==
<gallery widths=180>
File:KA Padang Panjang (train).jpg|[[Lake Singkarak]], West Sumatera
File:Blue fire of Ijen, Kawah Ijen, Java, Indonesia, 20220821 0432 9581.jpg|Blue lava of [[Ijen]] crater, East Java
File:Kelimutu 2007-07-21.jpg|Mount [[Kelimutu]] crater lakes, East Nusa Tenggara
File:Sunrise at Eastern Pangandaran Beach.jpg|[[Pangandaran]] Beach, West Java
File:Kawah Putih from the bottom, Bandung Regency, 2014-08-21.jpg|[[Kawah Putih]], West Java
File:Borobudur stupa.jpg|[[Borobudur]], Yogyakarta
File:A beautiful sunset HDR (7120762005).jpg|[[Parangtritis]] Beach, [[Yogyakarta]]
File:Beach, Gili Meno Island, Indonesia.jpg|The beach at [[Gili Meno]] with [[Lombok]] in the distant background
File:Rice terraces, Bali.jpg|Rice terraces in [[Bali]]
File:FishingKarimun.jpg|Fishing boats in the main harbour [[Karimunjawa]]
File:Ternate Volcano view from Dodoku Ali.jpg|[[Ternate]], North Maluku
File:Gedong songo.jpg|[[Gedong Songo]] Temples, Ungaran, Central Java
File:Ambarawa locomotief.jpg|[[Ambarawa Railway Museum]], Central Java
File:Pesona Candi Bajang Ratu.jpg|[[Trowulan]] archaeological site, East Java
File:Tea garden at Puncak Bogor.jpg|[[Puncak]] in West Java
File:Saronde Island 1.jpg|[[Saronde Island]], Gorontalo
File:Sea Garden of BUNAKEN.jpg|[[Bunaken]] marine park, North Sulawesi
File:Sungai Kahayan Palangkaraya.jpg|[[Kahayan River]], Central Kalimantan
</gallery>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Indonesia}}
* [[Alcohol in Indonesia]]
* [[Transport in Indonesia]]
* [[Visa policy of Indonesia]]
* [[:Category:World Heritage Sites in Indonesia]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book|title=Come to Java 1922–23|publisher=Weltevreden : Official Tourist Bureau|year=1922}}
* {{Cite book|last=Adams|first=Kathleen M.| title=Art as Politics: Re-crafting Identities, Tourism and Power in Tana Toraja, Indonesia. |location=Honolulu| publisher=University of Hawaii Press| year=2006|isbn= 978-0-8248-3072-4}}
* {{Cite book|last=Buckles|first=Guy|title=The Dive Sites of Indonesia|publisher=New Holland|year=1996|isbn=1-85368-598-4}}
* {{Cite book|title=Indonesia|last=Elliot|first=Mark|publisher=Lonely Planet|date=November 2003|isbn=1-74059-154-2}}
* {{Cite book|title=Java: A Travellers' Anthology|last=Rush|first=James R.|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1996|isbn=967-65-3082-4}}
* {{Cite book|last=McCarthy|first=John|title=Are sweet dreams made of this? : Tourism in Bali and Eastern Indonesia|publisher=Indonesia Resources and Information Program|year=1994|isbn=0-646-18791-0|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/aresweetdreamsma0000mcca}}
* {{Cite book|last=McPhee|first=Colin|title=A House in Bali|publisher=Victor Gollancz Ltd.|year=2000|isbn=962-593-629-7}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Meer |first1=Arnout van der |title="Come to Java": Colonial Tourism and the Fragile Illusion of an "Island Paradise" |journal=[[Itinerario]] |date=December 2024 |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=294–314 |doi=10.1017/S0165115324000342 |doi-access=free |language=en |issn=0165-1153}}
* {{Cite book|last=Miller|first=George|title=To The Spice Islands And Beyond: Travels in Eastern Indonesia|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1996|isbn=967-65-3099-9}}
* {{Cite book|last=Scidmore|first=E.R.|title=Java: The Garden of the East|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1986|isbn=0-19-582596-9}}
* {{Cite book|last=Severin|first=Tim|title=The Spice Island Voyage: In Search of Wallace|publisher=Abacus|year=1997|isbn=0-349-11040-9}}
* {{Cite book|last=Shavit|first=David|title=Bali and the tourist industry : a history, 1906–1942|publisher=Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland & Co.|year=2003|isbn=0-7864-1572-X}}
* {{Cite book|last=Vickers|first=Adrian|title=Travelling to Bali: Four Hundred Years of Journeys|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1994|isbn=967-65-3081-6}}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
{{Wikivoyage|Indonesia}}
* [http://www.indonesia.travel/en Indonesia's official tourism website]
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20010520041359/http://www.tourisminindonesia.com/ Tourism in Indonesia]}}

{{Tourist attractions in Indonesia}}
{{Economy of Indonesia}}
{{Indonesia topics}}
{{Southeast Asia topic|Tourism in}}
{{Tourism in Asia}}
{{World topic|Tourism in|noredlinks=yes}}

[[Category:Tourism in Indonesia| ]]