View source for Trakai Voivodeship

{{Short description|Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
|native_name = <small>{{langx|la|Palatinatus Trocensis}}<br/>{{langx|lt|Trakų vaivadija}}<br/>{{langx|pl|Województwo trockie}}</small>
|conventional_long_name = Trakai Voivodeship
|common_name = Trakai
|subdivision = Voivodeship
|nation = <br/>[[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] (1413–1569)<br/>
[[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] (1569–1795)
|year_start = 1413
|event_start = Established by [[Union of Horodło]]
|event_end = [[Third partition of Poland|Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
|year_end = 1795
|event1 = [[Union of Lublin]]
|date_event1 = 1569
|p1 = Duchy of Trakai
|s1 = Vilna Governorate
|s2 = Grodno Governorate
|s3 = East Prussia
|s4 = Podlaskie Voivodeship (1513–1795)
|image_coat = Recueil d'armoiries polonaises COA of Trakai Voivodeship.png
|image_map = Trakai Voivodeship within Lithuania in the 17th century.png
|image_map_caption = Trakai Voivodeship (in red) in the 17th century
|image_map2 = RON województwo trockie map.svg
|image_map2_caption = Trakai Voivodeship in the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
|capital = [[Trakai]]
|political_subdiv = [[Powiat|Counties]]: 4
|government_type = Monarchy
|legislature = Sejmik
|title_leader = Voivode
|title_deputy = Castellan
|stat_year1 = 1570
|stat_area1 = 31100
|stat_year2 = 1790
|stat_area2 = 23885
|stat_pop2 = 288000
|today = [[Lithuania]]<br />[[Poland]]<br />[[Belarus]]
|footnotes = Population and area are given according to {{cite book | last=Vaitiekūnas | first=Stasys | title=Lietuvos gyventojai: Per du tūkstantmečius | year=2006 | publisher=Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas | location=Vilnius | isbn=5-420-01585-4 | pages=53, 71|language=lt}}
| flag_p1 = Coat of arms of Duchy of Trakai (1407).svg
| flag_s1 = Coat of arms of Vilna Governorate 1878.svg
| flag_s2 = Coat of arms of Grodno Governorate 1878.svg
| flag_s3 = Civil flag of Prussia 1701-1935.svg
| flag_s4 = POL województwo podlaskie IRP COA.svg
}}
'''Trakai Voivodeship''',<ref name="aruodai">{{cite web |first=Rimvydas |last=Laužikas |publisher=[[Lithuanian Institute of History]] |work=Aruodai |date=2004-10-15 |url=http://www.aruodai.lt/paieska/terminas.php?TeId=1756 |title=Trakų vaivadija |access-date=2008-06-07 |language=lt}}</ref> '''Trakai Palatinate''', or '''Troki Voivodeship'''<ref>{{cite book| first=Anatol |last=Leszczyński |title=Żydzi ziemi bielskiej od połowy XVII w. do 1795 r.: studium osadnicze| publisher=Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich |year=1980 |isbn=83-04-00389-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MetJAAAAIAAJ | page=248 }}</ref> ({{langx|la|Palatinatus Trocensis}}, {{langx|lt|Trakų vaivadija}}, {{langx|pl|Województwo trockie}}), was a unit of administrative division and local government in the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] from 1413 until 1795.

==History==
[[File:Troki. Трокі (T. Makoŭski, 1600).jpg|thumb|left|[[Troki]], capital of the voivodeship, in the 17th century]]
Trakai Voivodeship together with [[Vilnius Voivodeship]] was established by the [[Grand Duke of Lithuania]] [[Vytautas the Great]] in 1413 according to the [[Union of Horodło]].<ref name=aruodai/> Vytautas copied the Polish system of administrative division in order to centralize and strengthen the government. Trakai Voivodeship replaced the former [[Duchy of Trakai]], which was ruled directly by the Grand Duke or his close relative (brother or son). The Duke of Trakai ({{langx|la|dux Trocensis}}) was replaced by appointed officials – [[Voivodes of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|voivodes]] and his deputy [[castellan]].

The voivodeship was divided into four {{ill|powets|be|Павет (Вялікае Княства Літоўскае)}}: [[Grodno powet (First Polish Republic)|Grodno]], [[Kaunas powet (First Polish Republic)|Kaunas]], [[Trakai powet (First Polish Republic)|Trakai]] (ruled directly by the voivode), and [[Upytė]].<ref name=aruodai/> The biggest cities in the voivodeship were [[Kaunas]], [[Grodno]] and [[Trakai]].

The western portion of the voivodeship was split off in 1513 by [[Sigismund I the Old]] and transferred to the [[Crown of the Polish Kingdom|Polish Crown]]. It was organized as the [[Podlaskie Voivodeship (1513–1795)|Podlaskie Voivodeship]]. In 1793, the counties of Grodno, Sokółka and Wołkowysk one of [[Nowogródek Voivodeship (1507–1795)|Nowogródek Voivodeship]] were merged into Grodno Voivodeship.

After the [[Union of Lublin]] the voivodeship, together with the whole Grand Duchy of Lithuania, became part of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] until the [[partitions of Poland|partitions of the Commonwealth]] in 1795. Most of the territory became part of the [[Russian Empire]], while territories west of the [[Neman River]] – part of the [[Province of East Prussia]].

==Voivodes==
The Voivode of Trakai ({{langx|pl|Wojewoda trocki}}, {{langx|lt|Trakų vaivada}}) was one of the most important state offices in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. They were appointed from prominent magnate families and competed only with voivode of Vilnius and [[Kanclerz|Grand Chancellors]] for power and prestige.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | editor=Simas Sužiedėlis | encyclopedia=[[Encyclopedia Lituanica]] | title=Trakai | year=1970–1978 | publisher=Juozas Kapočius | volume=V | location=Boston, Massachusetts | pages=491| lccn=74-114275 }}</ref> Voivodes were the ''ex officio'' members of the [[Lithuanian Council of Lords]]. Voivodes had their residence in [[Trakai]] city, near [[Galvė Lake]], north of the [[Trakai Peninsula Castle]].

===List of voivodes===
* [[Jonas Goštautas]] (1440)
* [[Iwaszko Moniwidowicz]] (1443–1458)
* [[Radvila Astikas]] (1466–1477)
* [[Martynas Goštautas]] (1480–1483)
* [[Jan Zabrzeziński]] (1498–1505)
* [[Albrecht Goštautas|Olbracht Gasztołd (Albrecht Goštautas)]] (1519–1522)
* [[Konstanty Ostrogski]] (1522–1530)
* [[Stanislovas Goštautas|Stanisław Gasztołd (Stanislovas Goštautas)]] (1542)
* [[Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł]] (1590–1604)
* [[Janusz Skumin Tyszkiewicz]] (1626–1640)
* [[Piotr Pac]] (X 1640–VII 1642)
* [[Mikołaj Abramowicz]] (1647–1651?)
* [[Marcjan Ogiński]] (since 1670)
* [[Tadeusz Franciszek Ogiński]] (1770–1783)
* [[Józef Mikołaj Radziwiłł]] (since 1788)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Voivodeships of Lithuania}}
{{Administrative division of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth}}

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[[Category:Trakai Voivodeship| ]]
[[Category:Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Voivodeships of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]
[[Category:1413 establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:15th-century establishments in Lithuania]]
[[Category:1795 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]