View source for Trygve Bratteli

{{Short description|26th Prime Minister of Norway}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Trygve Bratteli
| image               = Trygve Bratteli (5Fo30141709010076).jpg
| caption             = Bratteli in 1971
| office              = [[Prime Minister of Norway]]
| monarch             = [[Olav V]]
| term_start          = 16 October 1973
| term_end            = 15 January 1976
| predecessor         = [[Lars Korvald]]
| successor           = [[Odvar Nordli]]
<!-- -->| monarch1            = Olav V
| term_start1         = 17 March 1971
| term_end1           = 18 October 1972
| predecessor1        = [[Per Borten]]
| successor1          = Lars Korvald
<!-- -->| office2             = [[President of the Nordic Council]]
| term_start2         = 1 June 1978
| term_end2           = 17 September 1978
| predecessor2        = [[V. J. Sukselainen]]
| successor2          = [[Olof Palme]]
<!-- -->| office3             = [[Labour Party (Norway)|Leader of the Labour Party]]
| term_start3         = 1965
| term_end3           = 1975
| deputy3             = [[Reiulf Steen]]
| predecessor3        = [[Einar Gerhardsen]]
| successor3          = Reiulf Steen
<!-- -->| office4             = [[Minister of Finance (Norway)|Minister of Finance]]
| primeminister4      = [[Einar Gerhardsen]]
| term_start4         = 28 December 1956
| term_end4           = 23 April 1960
| predecessor4        = [[Mons Lid]]
| successor4          = [[Petter Jakob Bjerve]]
<!-- -->| primeminister5      = [[Oscar Torp]]
| term_start5         = 19 November 1951
| term_end5           = 22 January 1955
| predecessor5        = [[Olav Meisdalshagen]]
| successor5          = Mons Lid
<!-- -->| office6             = [[Minister of Transport and Communications (Norway)|Minister of Transport and Communications]]
| primeminister6      = Einar Gerhardsen
| term_start6         = 25 September 1963
| term_end6           = 20 January 1964
| predecessor6        = [[Lars Leiro]]
| successor6          = [[Erik Himle]]
<!-- -->| primeminister7      = Einar Gerhardsen
| term_start7         = 23 April 1960
| term_end7           = 28 August 1963
| predecessor7        = [[Kolbjørn Varmann]]
| successor7          = Lars Leiro
<!-- -->| office8             = [[Storting|Member of the Norwegian Parliament]]
| constituency8       = [[Oslo]]
| deputy8             = Hjalmar Larsen <br> [[Omar Gjesteby]] <br> [[Gunnar Alf Larsen]] <br> [[Trygve Bull]] <br> [[Thorbjørn Berntsen]]
| term_start8         = 1 January 1950
| term_end8           = 30 September 1981
<!-- -->| birth_name          = Trygve Martin Bratteli
| birth_date          = {{Birth date|df=yes|1910|01|11}}
| birth_place         = [[Nøtterøy]], [[Vestfold]], [[Norway]]
| death_date          = {{death date and age|df=yes|1984|11|20|1910|01|11}}
| death_place         = [[Oslo]], [[Norway]]
| nationality         = [[Norwegian people|Norwegian]]
| party               = [[Labour Party (Norway)|Labour]]
| children            = 3, including [[Ola Bratteli]]
| alma_mater          = [[University of Oslo]]
| spouse              = [[Randi Bratteli|Randi Larssen]] (1924–2002)
| signature           = Trygve Bratteli signature.svg
}}
'''Trygve Martin Bratteli''' (11 January 1910 &ndash; 20 November 1984) was a [[Norwegians|Norwegian]] newspaper editor, a [[politics|politician]] with the [[Norwegian Labour Party]], and [[List of Holocaust survivors|Nazi concentration camp survivor.]] He served as the [[prime minister of Norway]] from 1971 to 1972 and again from 1973 to 1976. He was president of the [[Nordic Council]] in 1978.
<ref name=snl>{{cite web |url= https://snl.no/Trygve_Bratteli |title= Trygve Bratteli |publisher= Store norske leksikon |author= Knut Are Tvedt |date= 21 March 2018 |access-date= April 1, 2018 |archive-date= 19 April 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180419183730/https://snl.no/Trygve_Bratteli |url-status= live }}</ref>

==Background==
Bratteli was born on the island of [[Nøtterøy]] at [[Færder]] in [[Vestfold]], Norway. His parents were Terje Hansen Bratteli (1878–1966) and Martha Barmen (1880–1938). He attended school locally, having many jobs including: work in fishing, as a coal miner and on a building site. Over a 9- to 10-month period, Bratteli travelled with whalers to [[Antarctica]], where he worked in a guano factory at [[South Georgia Island]]. He was a student at the socialist school at [[Malmøya]] in 1933. [[Oscar Torp]], chairman of the [[Labour Party (Norway)|Norwegian Labour Party]], asked him to become editor of ''Folkets Frihet''  in [[Kirkenes]] and later editor of  ''[[Arbeiderungdommen (1923–27)|Arbeiderungdommen]]'' which was published by the [[Socialist Youth League of Norway]]. For a period during 1940, he also served as Secretary of the [[Labour Party (Norway)|Norwegian Labour Party]].

Following the [[Operation Weserübung|Nazi invasion of Norway]], the daily newspaper ''Arbeiderbladet'' was closed down during 1940 by Nazi officials.   Bratteli subsequently participated in the [[Norwegian resistance movement]]. He was arrested by agents of [[Nazi Germany]] in 1942, and was a [[Nacht und Nebel]] prisoner of various German [[concentration camp]]s; including [[Natzweiler-Struthof]], from 1943 to 1945. He was also imprisoned in the [[Sachsenhausen concentration camp]], north of Berlin.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tillack-Graf |first=Anne-Kathleen |title=Erinnerungspolitik der DDR. Dargestellt an der Berichterstattung der Tageszeitung "Neues Deutschland" über die Nationalen Mahn- und Gedenkstätten Buchenwald, Ravensbrück und Sachsenhausen |publisher=Peter Lang |year=2012 |isbn=978-3-631-63678-7 |location=Frankfurt am Main |pages=64 |language=de}}</ref> He was liberated from [[Vaihingen an der Enz concentration camp]] on 5 April 1945, by the Swedish Red Cross  [[White Buses]] along with fifteen other Norwegians who had survived.<ref name=nbl>{{cite web|url = https://nbl.snl.no/Trygve_Bratteli|title = Trygve Bratteli|publisher = Norsk biografisk leksikon|author = Egil Helle|access-date = April 1, 2018|archive-date = December 15, 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191215023117/https://nbl.snl.no/Trygve_Bratteli|url-status = live}}</ref>

==Political career==
After the liberation of Norway in 1945, Bratteli was appointed as secretary of the Labour Party. He became chairman of the [[Workers' Youth League (Norway)|Workers' Youth League]], vice chairman of the party, served on the newly formed ''defence commission'', and in 1965; was made chairman of the Labour Party. Bratteli was elected to the [[Storting|Norwegian Parliament]] from Oslo in 1950, and was re-elected on seven occasions.

He was appointed as [[Minister of Finance (Norway)|minister of finance]] in [[Oscar Torp]]'s cabinet, and from 1956 to 1960 in the third cabinet of [[Einar Gerhardsen]]. From 1960 to 1963, during Gerhardsen's third period as prime minister, he was [[Minister of Transport and Communications (Norway)|minister of transport and communications]]. He was also acting minister of finance from January–February 1962. In September 1963, when Gerhardsen's fourth cabinet was formed, Bratteli was again made minister of transport and communications, a post he held until 1964.

The centre-right cabinet of Borten held office from 1965 to 1971, but when it collapsed, Bratteli became [[Prime Minister of Norway|prime minister]]. In social policy, Bratteli's premiership saw the passage of a law in June 1972 that lowered the pension age to 67.<ref>Growth to limits: the Western European welfare states since World War 2: Volume 4 by Peter Flora</ref> Central to his political career was the question of Norway's membership of the [[European Community]]. Following the close rejection of membership in the [[1972 Norwegian EC referendum|1972 referendum]], his cabinet resigned. However, the successor [[cabinet Korvald]] only lasted one year, and the [[second cabinet Bratteli]] was formed following the [[1973 Norwegian parliamentary election]]. Bratteli resigned as prime minister in January 1976 on the grounds of ill health. He was succeeded by fellow Labour member [[Odvar Nordli]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.regjeringen.no/en/the-government/previous-governments/ministries-and-offices/offices/prime-minister-since-1814/trygve-bratteli/id463400/|title= Trygve Bratteli, Prime Minister 1971–1972 and 1973–1976|date= 30 May 2011|publisher= Government.no|access-date= April 1, 2018|archive-date= 6 May 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180506035820/https://www.regjeringen.no/en/the-government/previous-governments/ministries-and-offices/offices/prime-minister-since-1814/trygve-bratteli/id463400/|url-status= live}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Trygve Bratteli was married to [[Randi Bratteli|Randi Helene Larssen]] (1924–2002). They had three children: two daughters, Tone and Marianne, and one son, professor [[Ola Bratteli]] (1946–2015).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geni.com/people/Trygve-Bratteli/6000000007950735635?through=6000000007954379188|title=Trygve Bratteli|access-date=2021-04-01|archive-date=2021-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920133214/https://www.geni.com/people/Trygve-Bratteli/6000000007950735635?through=6000000007954379188|url-status=live}}</ref>
Bratteli's memoirs  of his experiences in Nazi concentration camps was published in 1980. 
He died in 1984 and was buried at [[Vestre gravlund]] in [[Oslo]].
Trygve Bratteli was a member of Friends of Israel within the Norwegian Labour Movement (''Venner av Israel i Norsk Arbeiderbevegelse'') which planted a forest to his memory in [[Israel]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://snl.no/Randi_Bratteli|title= Randi Bratteli|publisher= Store norske leksikonGovernment.no|access-date= April 1, 2018|archive-date= March 14, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210314183558/https://snl.no/Randi_Bratteli|url-status= live}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*[[Einar Gerhardsen]]
*[[Reiulf Steen]]

==Other sources==
*Anderson, Gidske (1984) ''Trygve Bratteli'' (Oslo: Gyldendal) {{ISBN|9788205148369}}

==Related reading==
*Bratteli Trygve  (1980) ''Fange I Natt Og Take''  (Oslo: Tiden Norsk Forlag)  {{ISBN|978-8210020049}}

==Notes==
*Thirteen  Norwegians  died at Vaihingen and were buried in a mass grave, according to: {{cite news |first= Kristian |last= Ottosen |title= Gjensyn med Vaihingen |url= http://tux1.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/d219770.htm |work= Aftenposten |date= 2001-07-02 |access-date= 2008-02-21 |language= no |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120714210503/http://tux1.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/d219770.htm |archive-date= 2012-07-14 }}

==External links==
*{{stortingetbio|TRBR}}
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{{succession box | before=[[Olav Meisdalshagen]]| title=[[Minister of Finance (Norway)|Norwegian Minister of Finance]] | years=1951&ndash;1955 | after=[[Mons Lid]]}}
{{succession box | before=[[Mons Lid]]| title=[[Minister of Finance (Norway)|Norwegian Minister of Finance]] | years=1956&ndash;1960 | after=[[Petter Jakob Bjerve]]}}
{{succession box | before=[[Kolbjørn Sigurd Werner Varmann]]| title=[[Minister of Transport and Communications (Norway)|Norwegian Minister of Transport and Communications]] | years=1960&ndash;1963 | after=[[Lars Leiro]]}}
{{succession box | before=[[Lars Leiro]]| title=[[Minister of Transport and Communications (Norway)|Norwegian Minister of Transport and Communications]] | years=1963&ndash;1964 | after=[[Erik Himle]]}}
{{succession box | before=[[Per Borten]]| title=[[Prime Minister of Norway]] | years=1971&ndash;1972 | after=[[Lars Korvald]]}}
{{succession box | before=[[Lars Korvald]]| title=[[Prime Minister of Norway]] | years=1973&ndash;1976 | after=[[Odvar Nordli]]}}
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{{succession box | before=[[Ole Øisang]] | title=Party secretary of the [[Norwegian Labour Party|Labour Party]] | years=1945| after=[[Haakon Lie]]}}
{{succession box | before=[[Gunnar Sand]] | title=Chairman of the [[Workers' Youth League (Norway)|Workers' Youth League]] | years=1945&ndash;1946 (''acting'') | after=[[Rolf Åkervik]]}}
{{succession box | before=[[Einar Gerhardsen]]| title=Chairman of the [[Norwegian Labour Party]] | years=1965&ndash;1975 | after=[[Reiulf Steen]]}}
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{{Norwegian Labour Party}}
{{NorwegianPrimeMinisters}}
{{NorwegianFinancialMinisters}}
{{Minister of Transport and Communications (Norway)}}
{{Presidents of the Nordic Council}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bratteli, Trygve}}
[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:1984 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Norwegian writers]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Labour Party (Norway)]]
[[Category:Ministers of finance of Norway]]
[[Category:Ministers of transport and communications of Norway]]
[[Category:Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp survivors]]
[[Category:Night and Fog program]]
[[Category:Norwegian autobiographers]]
[[Category:Norwegian newspaper editors]]
[[Category:Norwegian people of World War II]]
[[Category:Norwegian World War II memoirists]]
[[Category:Norwegian Zionists]]
[[Category:People from Vestfold]]
[[Category:Politicians from Oslo]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Norway]]
[[Category:Vaihingen an der Enz concentration camp survivors]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1977–1981]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1973–1977]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1969–1973]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1965–1969]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1961–1965]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1958–1961]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1954–1957]]
[[Category:Members of the Storting 1950–1953]]