View source for US West

{{Short description|American telephone service company (1983–2000)}}
{{About||information about the company after the 2000 acquisition by Qwest|Qwest|information on the geographical region of the United States|Western United States}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Original research|entire article|September 2007|date=September 2007}}
{{Lead too short|date=September 2023}}
{{Update|date=September 2023}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2013}}
}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox company
| name = US West, Inc.
| trade_name = 
| logo = [[Image:US West logo.svg|220px|US West logo, 1984–2000]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{NYSE was|USW}}
| predecessor = [[AT&T Corporation]]<br />[[Northwestern Bell]], [[Mountain Bell]] & [[Pacific Northwest Bell]]
| successor = [[Qwest]]
| founder = 
| defunct = {{End date and age|2000|06|30}}
| fate = Merged
| area_served = 14 western states
| key_people = 
| industry = Telecommunications
| products = 
| services = 
| revenue = 
| operating_income = 
| net_income = 
| assets = 
| equity = 
| owner = 
| num_employees = 
| parent = [[AT&T Corporation|AT&T]] (1983)
| divisions = Consumer <br /> Business and Government Services <br /> Network <br /> Small Business <br /> Wholesale
| subsid = [[Qwest Corporation|US West Communications]]<br />[[Dex Media (Dex One)|US West Dex]]<br>US West Information Technologies<br />[[Qwest Wireless|US West Wireless]]<br>[[tw telecom|Time Warner Communications]]<br>[[Time Warner Entertainment]] (26% stake)
| homepage = 
| footnotes = 
| intl = 
| caption = 
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1983}}
| location_city = [[Denver]], Colorado
| location_country = United States
| locations = 
}}

'''US West, Inc.''' was one of seven [[Regional Bell Operating Company|Regional Bell Operating Companies]] (RBOCs, also referred to as "Baby Bells"), created in 1983 under the Modification of Final Judgement (''United States v. Western Electric Co., Inc.'' 552 Fed. Supp. 131), a case related to the [[antitrust]] breakup of [[AT&T Corporation|AT&T]]. US West provided local telephone and intraLATA long-distance services, data transmission services, cable television services, wireless communications services and related telecommunications products to defined areas in [[Arizona]], [[Colorado]], [[Idaho]], [[Iowa]], [[Minnesota]], [[Montana]], [[Nebraska]], [[New Mexico]], [[North Dakota]], [[Oregon]], [[South Dakota]], [[Utah]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], and [[Wyoming]]. US West was a public company traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol "USW" with headquarters at [[1801 California Street]] in [[Denver]], Colorado.

Until 1990, US West was a holding company with three [[Bell Operating Companies]]: [[Mountain States Telephone & Telegraph]] (or [[Mountain Bell]], headquartered in [[Denver]], Colorado); [[Northwestern Bell]], then headquartered in [[Omaha, Nebraska]]; and [[Pacific Northwest Bell]], then headquartered in [[Seattle]], Washington. In 1988, the three companies began doing business under the US West Communications name. On January 1, 1991, Northwestern Bell and Pacific Northwest Bell were legally merged into Mountain Bell which was renamed '''US West Communications, Inc.''' US West was the first RBOC to consolidate its [[Bell Operating Companies]] (the other was [[BellSouth]]). Northwestern Bell and Pacific Northwest Bell were not officially defunct, however, until mid-to-late 1994.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Bell Operating Companies|work=The Bell System Memorial|url=https://memorial.bellsystem.com/bellopercomp.html|access-date=August 8, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The History of US West|publisher=Telecommunications History Group|url=https://www.telcomhistory.org/resources/online-exhibits/telephone-company-histories/us-west|access-date=November 28, 2024|archive-date=March 11, 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311201907/https://www.telcomhistory.org/resources/online-exhibits/telephone-company-histories/us-west/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1998, US West split into two separate companies.  Its telephone properties maintained the US West name, while the remaining assets such as cable, wireless and international businesses became MediaOne.  The split was structured so that MediaOne Inc. was the [[legal successor (business)|legal successor]] to US West Inc., and US West was the spin-off entity.

US West merged with [[Qwest]] on June 30, 2000, and over time the US West brand was replaced by the Qwest brand. Qwest  merged with [[CenturyLink]] on April 1, 2011, and the Qwest brand was replaced by the CenturyLink brand.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.qwest.com/centurylinkqwestmerger|title=Home & Business Internet, Phone, and TV – CenturyLink}}</ref>

== Accomplishments ==
US West became a pioneer in the introduction and rapid system-wide implementation of telephone technologies designed by [[Bellcore]] (now [[iconectiv]]) in the 1980s and 1990s. Their lead in this push became one that many other [[Regional Bell Operating Companies]] had to scramble to keep up with.

US West's success in this endeavor was for multiple reasons which included their then-innovative use of "test-markets" for staggered roll-outs of new calling features in middle-sized cities such as [[Boise, Idaho]]; [[Minneapolis]], Minnesota; and [[Phoenix, Arizona]] before releasing them on a wider scale (they were the first communications provider to use this strategy called [[beta-testing]], a term used for many years in the software development industry). Their geographic presence featured telephone switching equipment that had been constructed fairly recent to the time frame, thereby requiring fewer upgrades. Their service area was also experiencing population growth at a tremendous rate, tripling their subscriber-base in a short time and increasing revenues.

US West also had ownership in the cable industry with its 1994 purchase of Atlanta-based Wometco and GTC cable operations and the subsequent purchase of [[Continental Cablevision]], creating MediaOne Group Inc. MediaOne, along with several ancillary businesses, was spun off as a separate company in 1998 from the traditional phone operations to form MediaOne Group. US West also participated in a joint venture agreement with Time Warner Cable to form Time Warner Communications (later known as [[TW Telecom]]) in 1993- it also purchased a 26% stake in Time Warner Entertainment's entertainment operations including [[Warner Bros.]] and [[HBO]], which was passed to MediaOne, AT&T, and finally Comcast. Comcast sold the stake back to Time Warner Inc. in 2003.

US West Communications was the first local telephone company to offer [[Caller ID]] service in 1991, nearly four years before any other local [[Telecommunications company|telco]] could do so. They were the first U.S. telco to upgrade their [[PSTN]] to electronic switching before 1990 and they were the first to offer residential and business [[ISDN]] and later, [[DSL]] services to their customers by 1997.

As a result of its rapid "bring-to-market" abilities and continued success in technological advancements, the company adopted the slogan "Life's better here." developed by ad agency NW Ayer.

US West was one of the first companies in the United States to officially recognize and support its [[gay]] and [[lesbian]] employees. The Eagles, an [[employee resource group]] for gay and lesbian US West employees, was recognized in 1989. It had chapters in seven US states by 1990.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/101054140/support-group-for-gay-employees-of-us-we/ |date=October 21, 1990 |title=US West practices 'good public policy' |work=The Des Moines Register }}</ref>

== Criticisms ==

US West was accused by critics{{Who|date=February 2012}} of failing to meet service needs within a reasonable time frame and of practicing predatory billing and collection methods.  While the company often claimed that subscriber demands were often greater than their ability to fulfill orders, many critics pointed to high profit margins, spending on bring-to-market technology and lackluster investment in customer support.

US West went through a period of union-management relations that bordered on positive during the early 1990s. After a failed re-engineering strategy, relations fell apart due to increasing hostility between company leaders and employees. An often-used nickname for the company was "US Worst." When the company rolled out its new slogan – "Life's better here" – employees began wearing buttons and shirts that stated that "Life's Bitter Here".{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}}

The company was fined multiple times by the State of [[Oregon]] for these practices during the 1990s.  US West was also, at several times, involved in smaller litigation with other states within its service area for similar complaints from customers.

Qwest, [[MCI Inc.|MCI]], and smaller [[competitive local exchange carrier]]s (CLECs) who had recently been allowed to offer local service within US West's service area (as a result of the Telecommunications Act of 1996) complained to the [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) that US West was uncooperative in releasing their owned lines to these new companies.  These types of complaints landed US West in court yet again, offering the complex question of whether or not the government could legally offer the sale of owned property to other companies in the event of [[deregulation]].

== Merger with Qwest ==

In 1996, reports appearing in ''[[The Denver Post]]'' and the ''[[Rocky Mountain News]]'' revealed that CLECs had lodged complaints with the FCC against US West, including multiple complaints from [[Qwest Communications International|Qwest Communications International, Inc.]] The complaints alleged US West neglected or seriously delayed release of "bundled loops" as required by the [[Telecommunications Act of 1996]], making it difficult for competitors to provide local telephone service to their customers. Other competitors began following suit, and charged US West with monopoly-like or anti-trust type behavior.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}

During the winter of 1999–2000, US West announced that it had received an unsolicited purchase offer from Qwest Communications International, Inc. for $44 billion. At the time, US West had been attempting to merge with [[Global Crossing]], because the offer from Qwest was for a higher value, the US West Board accepted it.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-jun-14-fi-46353-story.html|title=Qwest Offers to Huy US West for $55 Billion|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=June 14, 1999|access-date=April 21, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1999/07/19/us-west-qwest-agree-to-merge-operations/711b292f-125e-48be-a0d5-114caab0173e/|title=US West, Qwest Agree to Merge Operations|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=July 19, 1999|access-date=April 21, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/tech/mobile/us-west-to-enter-merger-talks-with-qwest/|title=US West to Enter Merger Talks with Qwest|website=[[CNET]]|date=July 1, 1999|access-date=April 27, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/14/business/qwest-makes-hostile-bid-for-u-s-west.html|title=Qwest Makes Hostile Bid for U S West|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=June 14, 1999|access-date=April 27, 2025}}</ref>

On June 30, 2000, US West, Inc. and Qwest Communications International, Inc. combined via merger. Qwest Communications International, Inc. was merged into US West and renamed Qwest with all of US West's direct subsidiaries becoming direct subsidiaries of Qwest.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/03/business/qwest-completes-purchase-of-u-s-west.html|title=Qwest Completes Purchase of US West|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 3, 2000|access-date=April 21, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://money.cnn.com/2000/07/05/companies/nacchio/index.htm|title=The Qwest for U.S. West|website=[[CNNMoney]]|date=July 5, 2000|access-date=April 21, 2025}}</ref>

After the merger, the Bell Operating Company subsidiary was renamed from '''US West Communications, Inc.''' to '''Qwest Corporation''' and other subsidiaries were similarly renamed to reflect the Qwest name.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}

After Qwest was acquired by [[CenturyLink]] in 2011, the Qwest brand was replaced by the CenturyLink brand. Subsidiaries, with the exception of '''Qwest Management Company''' (founded as '''US West Investment Management Company'''), which became '''CenturyLink Investment Management Company''', retained the Qwest name and adopted [[d/b/a]] names.

==References==
{{Reflist|1}}

==External links==
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000301114201/http://uswest.com/ |date=March 1, 2000 |title=US West}}
*[http://news.qwest.com/centurylinkqwestmerger CenturyLink and Qwest Agree to Merge]
*[http://www.thisisarecording.com/telco-us-west.html Archive of US West Intercept Messages]
*[https://memorial.bellsystem.com/bellopercomp-centurylink.html Bell Operating Companies (from Bell System Memorial)]

{{CenturyLink}}
{{AT&T Spinoffs}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Us West}}
[[Category:Bell System]]
[[Category:Lumen Technologies]]
[[Category:Telecommunications companies disestablished in 2000]]
[[Category:Defunct telecommunications companies of the United States]]
[[Category:Companies based in Denver]]
[[Category:Defunct companies based in Colorado]]
[[Category:Telecommunications companies established in 1983]]
[[Category:American companies established in 1983]]
[[Category:2000 mergers and acquisitions]]
[[Category:1983 establishments in Colorado]]
[[Category:2000 disestablishments in Colorado]]
[[Category: Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]