View source for Ung County

{{Short description|County of the Kingdom of Hungary}}
{{Refimprove|date=November 2007}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2013}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
|native_name            = {{line-height|1.1em|{{native name|la|Comitatus Unghvariensis}}<br/>{{native name|hu|Ung vármegye}}<br/>{{native name|de|Komitat Ung}}<br/>{{native name|rue|Ужаньска жупа}}<br/>{{native name|sk|Užská župa}}<br/>{{native name|ro|Comitatul Ung}}}}
|conventional_long_name = Ung County
|common_name            = Ung
|subdivision            = [[Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)|County]]
|nation                 = the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]<br/>(11th century-1544)<br/>[[Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)|County]] of the [[Eastern Hungarian Kingdom]]<br/>(1544-1564)<br/>[[Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)|County]] of the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]<br/>(1564-1920, 1938-1945)
|p1                     = 
|s1                     = 
|year_start             = 11th century
|event1             = Treaty of Trianon
|date_event1               = 4 June 1920
|event2      = Merged into Szabolcs-Ung County
|date_event2     = 1923
|event3      = County recreated (First Vienna Award)
|date_event3    = 2 November 1938
|event4        = Disestablished
|date_event4    = 1945
|event_end              = 
|year_end               = 
|date_end               = 
|image_coat             = Coa_Hungary_County_Ung_(history).svg
|image_map              = Ung vármegye Magyarországon.svg
|capital                = Ungvár (now Uzhhorod)
|coordinates            = {{Coord|48|37|N|22|18|E|display=inline,title}}
|stat_area1             = 3230
|stat_pop1              = 162089
|stat_year1             = 1910
|category               = 
|today                  = 
[[Ukraine]]<br> (2,795&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>)<br>
[[Slovakia]]<br> (419&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>)<br>
[[Hungary]]<br> (16&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>)
|footnotes              = 
}}
'''Ung County''' (in Latin: ''comitatus Unghvariensis''; Hungarian: ''Ung (vár)megye''; also in Slovak: ''Užský komitát/ Užská župa / Užská stolica''; {{langx|ro|Comitatul Ung}}) was an administrative county ([[Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)|comitatus]]) of the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]. Its territory is now mostly in western [[Ukraine]], a smaller part in eastern [[Slovakia]], and a very small area in [[Hungary]].

==Geography==
[[File:Ung county map.jpg|thumb|left|alt=''Map of Ung county in the Kingdom of Hungary (1891)''|Map of Ung, 1891.]]
Ung county shared borders with the [[Cisleithania]]n crownland [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria|Galicia]] (now in [[Poland]] and Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties [[Bereg (county)|Bereg]], [[Szabolcs (county)|Szabolcs]] and [[Zemplén (county)|Zemplén]]. It was situated between the [[Carpathian Mountains]] in the north, the rivers [[Tisza]] and Latorca (present-day [[Latorica]]) in the south, and the river Laborc (present-day [[Laborec]]) in the west. The rivers Latorca and Ung (present-day [[Uzh River|Uzh]]) flowed through the county. Its area was {{convert|3230|km2|abbr=on}} around 1910.

==Capitals==
Initially, the capital of the county was the [[Uzhhorod Castle]] (Hungarian: Ungvári vár), later the town of Ungvár (present-day [[Uzhhorod]]).

==History==
Ung is one of the oldest counties of the Kingdom of Hungary. In the aftermath of [[World War I]], most of Ung county became part of newly formed [[Czechoslovakia]], as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920 [[Treaty of Trianon]]. The town of [[Záhony]] and the village of [[Győröcske]] remained in [[Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)|Hungary]], which was merged into Szabolcs-Ung County in 1923. 

Following the provisions of the [[First Vienna Award]], all but the westernmost part of the county became part of Hungary again in November 1938, and the county was recreated. In 1939, following the annexation of the remainder of [[Carpathian Ruthenia]] after [[Second Czechoslovak Republic|Czechoslovakia]] became abolished, the rest of the territories became part of Hungary again, however those were assigned to the administrative branch offices of Ung.

After [[World War II]], as the 1920 borders were restored, the westernmost part was returned to Czechoslovakia. The rest (except Záhony and Győröcske) became part of the [[Soviet Union]], [[Ukrainian SSR]], [[Zakarpattia Oblast]], while a small part remained in Hungary.

==Demographics==

[[File:Ung ethnic map.png|thumb|right|200 px|Ethnic map of the county with data of the 1910 census (see the key in the description).]]

{| class="wikitable" 
|+ Population by [[First language|mother tongue]]{{efn|Only linguistic communities > 1% are displayed.}}
! Census !! Total !! [[Ruthenian language|Ruthenian]] !! [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] !! [[Slovak language|Slovak]] !! [[German language|German]] !! Other or unknown
|-
! 1880<ref>{{cite web|url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/NEDA_1881_02/?pg=346&layout=s |title=Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882) |publisher=library.hungaricana.hu |access-date=2021-09-28}}</ref>
| 126,707 || 42,095 ''(34.25%)'' || 39,479 ''(32.12%)'' || 36,920 ''(30.04%)'' || 3,614 ''(2.94%)'' || 795 ''(0.65%)''
|-
! 1890<ref>{{cite web|url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/NEDA_1892_helysegnevtar/?pg=681&layout=s |title=A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892) |publisher=library.hungaricana.hu |access-date=2021-09-29}}</ref>
| 135,247 || 46,521 ''(34.40%)'' || 37,182 ''(27.49%)'' || 40,035 ''(29.60%)'' || 10,318 ''(7.63%)'' || 1,191 ''(0.88%)''
|-
! 1900<ref>{{cite web|url=https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/NEDA_1900_01/?pg=319&layout=s |title=A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900 |publisher=library.hungaricana.hu |access-date=2021-09-29}}</ref>
| 153,266 || 55,742 ''(36.37%)'' || 46,306 ''(30.21%)'' || 42,876 ''(27.97%)'' || 7,099 ''(4.63%)'' || 1,243 ''(0.81%)''
|-
! 1910<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kt.lib.pte.hu/cgi-bin/kt.cgi?konyvtar/kt06042201/0_0_4_pg_262.html |title=KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár |publisher=Kt.lib.pte.hu |access-date=2021-09-29}}</ref>
| 162,089 || 61,711 ''(38.07%)'' || 53,824 ''(33.21%)'' || 36,364 ''(22.43%)'' || 8,383 ''(5.17%)'' || 1,807 ''(1.11%)''
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable" 
|+ Population by [[religion]]{{efn|Only religious communities > 1% are displayed.}}
! Census !! Total !! [[Eastern_Catholic_Churches|Greek Catholic]] !! [[Latin_Church|Roman Catholic]] !! [[Calvinism|Calvinist]] !! [[Judaism|Jewish]] !! Other or unknown
|-
! 1880
| 126,707 || 65,128 ''(51.40%)'' || 27,466 ''(21.68%)'' || 17,238 ''(13.60%)'' || 16,423 ''(12.96%)'' || 452 ''(0.36%)''
|-
! 1890
| 135,247 || 72,190 ''(53.38%)'' || 28,836 ''(21.32%)'' || 18,056 ''(13.35%)'' || 15,599 ''(11.53%)'' || 566 ''(0.42%)'' 
|-
! 1900
| 153,266 || 83,936 ''(54.76%)'' || 32,904 ''(21.47%)'' || 19,003 ''(12.40%)'' || 16,776 ''(10.95%)'' || 647 ''(0.42%)'' 
|-
! 1910
| 162,089 || 89,149 ''(55.00%)'' || 34,549 ''(21.31%)'' || 20,092 ''(12.40%)'' || 17,587 ''(10.85%)'' || 712 ''(0.44%)'' 
|-
|}

Nowadays, some [[Romanians]] living in the area of [[Poroshkovo]] also inhabit the area of Ung. They are known as {{lang|ro|volohi}} in Romanian.<ref>{{cite news |last=Peiu |first=Petrișor |author-link=Petrișor Peiu |date=2 February 2020 |title=Și ei sunt români. Și ei sunt ai noștri. Și ei au nevoie de România |url=https://ziare.com/diaspora/romani-strainatate/si-ei-sunt-romani-si-ei-sunt-ai-nostri-si-ei-au-nevoie-de-romania-1595859 |access-date=1 May 2023 |newspaper=Ziare.com |language=ro}}</ref>

==Subdivisions==
[[File:Ung county administrative map.jpg|right|250px]]
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Ung county were: 

{| class="wikitable"
!colspan=2|Districts (''járás'')
|-
! District!! Capital
|-
|{{color box|#C2B280}} Nagyberezna||Nagyberezna (now [[Velykyi Bereznyi]])
|-
|{{color box|#90EE90}} Nagykapos||Nagykapos (now [[Veľké Kapušany]])
|-
|{{color box|#FFC0CB}} Perecseny||Perecseny (now [[Perechyn]])
|-
|{{color box|#A4DDED}} Szerednye||Szerednye (now [[Serednye]])
|-
|{{color box|#F8DE7E}} Szobránc||Szobránc (now [[Sobrance]])
|-
|{{color box|#FFFACD}} Ungvár||Ungvár (now [[Uzhhorod]])
|-
!colspan=2|Urban districts (''rendezett tanácsú város'')
|-
|colspan=2|{{color box|#E4D00A}} Ungvár (now [[Uzhhorod]])
|}

The towns of [[Velké Kapusany|Veľké Kapušany]] and [[Sobrance]] are now in Slovakia; the other towns mentioned are in Ukraine.

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{HUCountiesto1918}}

[[Category:States and territories established in the 11th century]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1938]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1920]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1923]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1945]]
[[Category:Counties in the Kingdom of Hungary]]
[[Category:Historical geography of Ukraine]]