View source for Uri Party

{{Short description|2003–2007 political party in South Korea}}
{{Infobox political party
| native_name = 열린우리당
| logo = Uri Party logo.svg
| caption = Logo of Uri Party (2006–2007)
| president = [[Roh Moo-hyun]]
| foundation = 1 November 2003
| dissolution = 20 August 2007
| split = {{ublist
 | [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2000)|Democratic Party]]
 | [[Grand National Party]]
 | People's Party for Reform
}}
| merged = [[Grand Unified Democratic New Party]]
| headquarters = 133 Yeongdeungpo-dong 6-ga, [[Yeongdeungpo-gu]], [[Seoul]], [[South Korea]]
| ideology = {{ublist|class = nowrap <!-- The Uri Party is not classified as a traditional progressive political party in South Korea. That's why "progressive" should be limited to factions. --><!--
-->
 | [[Liberalism]] ([[Liberalism in South Korea|South Korean]])<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3627419.stm|title=S Korea's Uri Party wins election}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210922000085 |title=Change or continuation: Presidential race heats up |quote= The governor has stayed consistent with his political beliefs and core values, which has helped him build a concrete support base since he first joined politics in 2005 as a member of the defunct liberal Uri Party. |work=[[The Korea Herald]] |date=22 September 2021 |access-date=28 September 2021}}</ref>
 | [[Social liberalism]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/51180856.pdf |title=Electoral Systems, Political Career Paths and Legislative Behavior: Evidence from South Korea's Mixed-Member System1 |author=Hae-Won Jun |work=Cambridge University Press|page=158}}</ref>
}}
| position = [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]]<ref>{{cite book|editor=Jean-Mark Peterson |title=Brief History: Brief History of Korea |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ByIo1D9RY40C&q=center-left+Uri+Party&pg=PA242 |date=2009 |page=242 |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]]|isbn=9781438127385 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2005/12/19/socialAffairs/Centrist-politics-in-favor-among-younger-Koreans/2659275.html |title=Centrist politics in favor among younger Koreans |quote=Translated into political support, the center-left Uri Party last year was supported by 35 percent of those in their 20s, while the conservative Grand National Party was favored by only about 17 percent of those young adults. |date=19 December 2005|access-date=9 July 2020|publisher=[[Korea JoongAng Daily]]}}</ref>
| colours = {{color box|{{party color|Uri Party}}}} [[Yellow]]
| country = South Korea
| colorcode = {{party color|Uri Party}}
}}
{{Infobox Korean name/auto
|hangul = ^열린_우리당
|hanja  = 열린우리黨
}}
{{Liberalism in South Korea|Parties1}}
The '''Yeollin Uri Party''' ({{korean|hangul=열린우리당|lit=Our Open Party}}), generally abbreviated to '''Uri Party''' ({{korean|hangul=우리당|labels=no}}), was the ruling [[social-liberal]] [[political party]] in South Korea from 2003 to 2007. A liberal party, it was created to support then-[[President of South Korea|President]] [[Roh Moo-hyun]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/politics/assembly/75615.html |script-title=ko:열린우리당 '친노세력' 다시 뭉치나 |date=31 October 2005|access-date=9 July 2020|publisher=[[The Hankyoreh]]}}</ref> [[Chung Sye Kyun]] was the last leader of the party and twice served as its chairman. In 2007 the party merged the [[United New Democratic Party]] to form the [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2008)|Democratic Party]]. The current-day descendant of the party is the [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2015)|Democratic Party of Korea]], but progressives in the party have become members of the [[Justice Party (South Korea)|Justice Party]].

==Brief history==
[[File:Logo of the Uri Party.svg|thumb|left|upright|Logo of Uri Party (until 2006)]]
The party was formed when the conservative-dominated [[National Assembly of South Korea|National Assembly]] voted to impeach then President [[Roh Moo-hyun]], loyalists and pro-Roh faction in the [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2000)|Millennium Democratic Party]] chose to break ranks from other party members who showed lukewarm support for the administration. Some 42 out of 103 lawmakers of the Millennium Democratic Party joined the new party, and 5 lawmakers from the conservative [[Grand National Party]] also joined, seeking to complete political reforms.

The Uri Party won a sweeping victory in the [[2004 South Korean parliamentary election|2004 Parliamentary election]], winning 152 of 299 seats. It was the first time that a liberal party had won a majority in 41 years.

==Party platform and policy direction==
Policywise, the Uri Party emphasized increased spending on social services for the low-income population while de-emphasizing economic growth. It was [[Sunshine policy|conciliatory]] towards North Korea while moving away from the traditional military alliance with the U.S. and Japan. Even after North Korea had continued testing explosive devices, Uri Party members have for continued aid to North Korea, leading to heavy criticism from conservative parties and accusations of harboring Communist sympathizers. The Uri Party placed most of the blame for the crisis{{specify|date=April 2020}} on the hard-line policies of the United States toward North Korea.

In addition, the party was the most [[Cultural liberalism|culturally liberal]] party among the historical liberal parties in South Korea. The Uri Party insisted on expanding [[Feminism in South Korea|women's rights]] and abolishing the [[National Security Act (South Korea)|National Security Act]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/23052292 |script-title=ko:152석 열린우리당 때 실패한 '국보법 폐지' 재부상… 與 일단 "논의안해" |trans-title=The issue of "abolishing the [[National Security Act (South Korea)|National Security Act]]", which failed during the 152-seat Uri Party, has resurfaced… The ruling party DPK said, "We will not discuss it." |work=[[The Chosun Ilbo]] |date=17 April 2020 |access-date=16 December 2021}}</ref> The party tried very hard to clear up the legacy of [[History of South Korea|far-right military dictatorship]] and [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese colonization]], which is considered a tragedy in South Korean history. The bill, led by the party and Roh Moo-hyun, is [[Special law to redeem pro-Japanese collaborators' property]]. Uri Party was also liberal in the issue of [[disabled rights]]. In 2006, the 'Disability Discrimination Act' ({{Korean|hangul=장애인차별금지법|labels=no}}) was enacted under the leadership of the Uri Party. The law was opposed by [[Chaebol|conservative conglomerates]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bokjitimes.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=3370 | script-title=ko:열린우리당 '장애인차별금지법' 당론으로 | date=8 December 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://m.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/Mobile/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0000370623 | script-title=ko:전경련 "장애인차별금지법은 기업에게 부담" | date=November 2006 }}</ref>

The [[Hankyoreh]] editorial evaluated that the Uri Party was close to [[Modern liberalism in the United States|American liberalism]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/opinion/column/955455.html |script-title=ko:노무현의 진보는 '리버럴'에 가까웠다 |trans-title=Roh Moo Hyun's progressivism was close to "liberal". |language=ko |work=[[The Hankyoreh]] |date=28 July 2020 |access-date=6 January 2022}}</ref>

==Significant events==
The party came to international attention when their members physically blocked the speaker's chair in the National Assembly in a failed attempt to prevent the impeachment vote on President Roh on March 12, 2004. (The vote was subsequently overruled by South Korea's Constitutional Court on May 14, 2004.) The impeachment was influenced to the Assembly elections, which the party won a majority.

On August 19, 2004, the party suffered an embarrassing setback when party chairman Shin Ki-nam resigned following revelations by a national investigation that his father had worked for the Japanese military police during the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese occupation]]. The investigation, initiated on the 56th anniversary of Liberation Day (August 15, 2004) by President Roh, was a part of a national campaign to shed light on the activity of collaborators during the Japanese occupation. The campaign was vocally supported by Shin and backed by the Uri Party.

The party's popularity has decreased considerably after the 2004 election because of internal strife and scandals related to the President, who had admitted to feeling "incompetent" and unfit for the job.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/en/doc/2003-10/11/content_271056.htm|title = South Korea's Roh rejects cabinet resignation}}</ref> The Uri party failed to secure a single seat out of six electoral districts in the by-election held on April 30, 2005, losing its majority status in the National Assembly. Despite they lost the majority status, they relied on support from the centrist Democratic Party and left-wing Democratic Labor Party, which the liberals maintained majority in the National Assembly.

Prior to the Uri Party's devastating defeat in regional elections held on May 31, 2006, Chung apologized for the party's "self-righteous attitude and inadequacy". The party failed to win in all but one area, while the opposition [[Grand National Party]] took 12 of the 16 key regional posts in the election. The Uri Party even lost in [[Daejeon]], a city long considered a secure ruling-party stronghold.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/5035878.stm|title=S Korea party boss quits for poll|date=June 2006}}</ref>

==Merger with the Grand Unified Democratic New Party==
On August 18, 2007, the delegates of the Uri Party decided to merge into the newly created [[Liberalism in South Korea|liberal]] party [[Grand Unified Democratic New Party]].<ref>[https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2007/08/116_8571.html Uri Disbands to Merge With Liberal Party], [[The Korea Times]], Retrieved on August 19, 2007</ref>

==Election results==
===Legislature===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Election
! rowspan="2" | Leader
! colspan="3" | Constituency
! colspan="3" | Party list
! rowspan="2" | Seats
! rowspan="2" | Position
! rowspan="2" | Status
|-
! Votes
! %
! Seats
! Votes
! %
! Seats
|-
| [[2004 South Korean legislative election|2004]]
| [[Chung Dong-young]]
| 8,957,665
| 41.99
| {{Composition bar|129|243|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}
| 8,145,824
| 38.27
| {{Composition bar|23|56|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}
| {{Composition bar|152|299|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}
| 1st
| {{Yes2|Government}}
|}

===Local===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Election
! Leader
! {{small|Metropolitan mayor/Governor}}
! Provincial legislature
! Municipal mayor
! Municipal legislature
|-
| [[2006 South Korean local elections|2006]]
| 
| {{Composition bar|1|16|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}
| {{Composition bar|52|733|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}
| {{Composition bar|19|230|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}
| {{Composition bar|630|2888|hex={{party color|Uri Party}}}}
|}

==See also==
* [[List of liberal parties]]
* [[Politics of South Korea]]
* [[Liberalism in South Korea]]
** [[Democratic Party (South Korea, 2015)|Democratic Party of Korea]] - some Uri Party member
** [[Justice Party (South Korea)]] - some Uri Party member

==References==
<references/>
* (Aug. 19, 2004). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3578614.stm Disgraced Seoul party boss quits], ''BBC News''.
* McGeown, Kate (Aug. 19, 2004). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3580378.stm Raking over S. Korea's colonial past], ''BBC News''.
* [http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/200601/kt2006011617093310440.htm "Police Raid Uri Party's Office"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060118060857/http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/200601/kt2006011617093310440.htm |date=2006-01-18 }}, The Korea Times, January 16, 2006.

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051019001040/http://www.uparty.or.kr/ Uri Party] official site (in Korean)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110719034853/http://www.uparty.or.kr/3th_global_english/index.html Uri Party] official site (in English)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110719034901/http://www.uparty.or.kr/3th_global_chinese/index.html Uri Party] official site (in Chinese)

{{Uri Party}}
{{South Korean political parties}}

[[Category:Defunct political parties in South Korea]]
[[Category:Defunct liberal political parties]]
[[Category:Social liberal parties]]
[[Category:Democratic parties in South Korea]]
[[Category:Korean nationalist parties]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 2003]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 2007]]
[[Category:Centre-left parties in Asia]]
[[Category:Roh Moo-hyun]]