View source for Viseu

{{about|the Portuguese municipality}}
{{Infobox Portuguese subdivision
| type            = municipality
|official_name   = 
|image_flag      = Bandeira de Viseu.jpg
|flag_border     = no
|image_shield    = COA of Viseu.svg
| image_skyline           = {{Photomontage
| photo1a                 = ViseuLandscape.jpg
| photo2a                 = Sé de Viseu IMG 20141226 155323-Pano (36162491774).jpg
| photo2b                 = Antiga rua da Cadeia (cropped).jpg
| photo3a                 = Pça. D. Duarte - Viseu - Portugal (169743505) (cropped) (cropped).jpg
| photo3b                 = Igreja da Misericórdia de Viseu (48759337787) (cropped).jpg
| spacing                 = 2
| position                = center
| color_border            = white
| color                   = white
| size                    = 280
| foot_montage            = Clockwise: View of Viseu; historic center; [[:pt:Igreja da Misericórdia de Viseu|Igreja da Misericórdia]];  Praça D. Duarte; [[Viseu Cathedral]].
}}
|coordinates             = {{coord|40|40|N|7|55|W|type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
|image_map       = LocalViseu.svg
|region             = Centro
|CIM                = [[Viseu Dão Lafões]]
|district           = [[Viseu District|Viseu]]
|parishes           = [[#Parishes|25]]
|leader_party            = [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|leader_name             = [[João Azevedo (Portuguese politician)|João Azevedo]]
|area_total_km2          = 507.10
|population_total        = 103502
|population_as_of        = 2024
|holiday        = September 21
|website                 = {{url|http://www.cm-viseu.pt/}}
}}
'''Viseu''' ({{IPA|pt|viˈzew|-|Pt-pt Viseu FF.ogg}}) is a city and municipality in the [[Centro Region]] of Portugal and the capital of the [[Viseu District|district of the same name]], with a population of 103,502 inhabitants<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2025-06-18 |title=Portal do INE |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0008272&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2 |website=www.ine.pt}}<!-- auto-translated from Portuguese by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> in the entire municipality, and center of the [[Viseu Dão Lafões]] [[Intermunicipal communities of Portugal|intermunicipal community]], with 267,633 inhabitants.

Settled during the period of the early Iberian [[Castro culture]], the territory of Viseu was occupied by a series of other peoples including the Romans, Suebians, Visigoths and Moors. During the Roman occupation of Iberia, [[Viriathus]], the rebel leader of the [[Lusitanians]], is assumed to have lived for a time in the vicinity. During the Middle Ages, the city often served as a seat for [[Visigothic]] nobles (such as King [[Roderic]]), and based in the [[Chronica Gothorum]] is one of several probable birthplaces for [[Afonso Henriques]], first King of Portugal.

Viseu is a regional economic hub with a strong wine industry and is the seat of the international conglomerate [[Visabeira]]. The city is also a cultural center, home to the nationally acclaimed [[Grão Vasco Museum]], the seat of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Viseu]], and a center for higher learning institutions, namely the [[Catholic University of Portugal]] and the [[Polytechnic Institute of Viseu]].

==History==
The origins of the city of Viseu date back to the [[Lusitanians|pre-Roman]] period of the Celts and Lusitanians. ''Vissaîegobor'' is the name given to the settlement that later became the city of Viseu, Portugal, during the pre-Roman period. It is believed to be of [[Celtic languages|Celtic]] or [[Lusitanian language|Lusitanian]] origin. The city was renamed as *Vissaium during the Romanization period, with a possible Latinized suffix.<ref>Ruiz, J. Siles. "Sobre la inscripción lusitano-latina de Visseu". In: ''Nuevas interpretaciones del Mundo Antiguo: papers in honor of professor José Luis Melena on the occasion of his retirement'' / coord. por Elena Redondo Moyano, María José García Soler, 2016. pp. 347-356. {{ISBN|978-84-9082-481-8}}</ref> 

With its [[Romanisation]] the settlement gained importance, being at the intersection of a series of Roman roads linking [[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]], [[Lisbon]], and [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]].

Viseu is historically associated with [[Viriathus]], the [[Lusitanians|Lusitanian]] hero believed have been born in this region.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BbULBwAAQBAJ&dq=viseu+e+viriato&pg=PA256|title=
Archaeology and The Politics of Vision in a Post-Modern Context|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|last=Thomas|first=Jorge|date=2008|isbn=
978-1-4438-0374-8}}</ref> After the Roman occupation of the peninsula, under the Suebians and then the [[Visigoths]], the settlement was elevated to the status of city and to the seat of a diocese in the 6th century.

===Middle Ages===
The origins of Viseu extend to proto-history, when migrating groups settled the territory, including the [[Celts]] and Lusitanians. Roman colonists settled in these territories during eras of prosperity and peace, leading eventually to a succession of rulers, namely [[Suebic]], Gothic and Muslim.<ref name="CMHistoria">{{citation |url=http://www.cm-viseu.pt/index.php/conhecer-viseu/historico/historia |title=História |location=Viseu, Portugal |language=pt |year=2015 |editor=Câmara Municipal |publisher=Câmara Municipal de Viseu |access-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925111344/http://www.cm-viseu.pt/index.php/conhecer-viseu/historico/historia |archive-date=25 September 2015 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> By the mid sixth century, the Suebians had already established a community, with a bishop elected by the suffrage of [[Braga|Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Braga]].<ref name=CMHistoria/>

During the Reconquista, the lands of Viseu switched hands several times until the troops of [[Ferdinand I of León]] permanently retook the territories and finally expelled the Moors, among much destruction.<ref name=CMHistoria/> The [[Diocese of Viseu]] had its first bishop as early as 561  and continued intermittently, even during Moorish occupation.<ref>{{cite web|first=Celestino C. R. |last=Ferreira |url=https://portal.cehr.ft.lisboa.ucp.pt/Enciclopedia/artigo/DiocesedeViseu%20PT|publisher=Portal CEHR|title=Diocese de Viseu|accessdate=June 17, 2025|language=PT}}</ref> For many years it was incorporated into the Bishopric of Coimbra, due to the intervention of the clergy, including St Teotónio. In the 12th century, Viseu began regaining its importance as an urban centre.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Peace lasted for the next three centuries after that, allowing the city to prosper. Following the [[1383–85 Crisis|death of King Ferdinand I]], the [[Kingdom of Castile|Castilians]] sought to enforce (by force-of-arms), its rights to the lands/territories of the County of Portugal, bringing unrest once more.<ref name=CMHistoria/>

During [[County of Portugal|Countship of Portugal]], Viseu had served as the seat of the Court for [[Henry, Count of Portugal]] and [[Teresa, Countess of Portugal|Countess Teresa]], who granted a [[foral]] to the city in 1123. Viseu is believed as one of the possible birthplaces of their son [[Afonso Henriques]], the first official Portuguese monarch, in 1109. Following the successful defense of his hereditary rights, and supported by nobles and clergy, Afonso Henriques founded the kingdom of Portugal.<ref name=CMHistoria/> Viseu was granted a new charter 1187, that was later reinforced by his grandson, King [[Afonso II of Portugal]], in 1217.

During the [[1383–85 Crisis]], the city was besieged by the forces of [[Juan I of Castile]], leading to King [[John I of Portugal]] starting construction on a series of defensive fortifications which would continue being built until the reign of King [[Afonso V of Portugal]].

The city became part of a fiefdom, when [[Prince Henry the Navigator]], son of King [[John I of Portugal]], was made [[Duke of Viseu]], in 1415.

In 1475, [[Grão Vasco|Vasco Fernandes]], a famed artist of the [[Portuguese Renaissance]], was born in the city,

In 1513, King [[Manuel I of Portugal]] renewed the charter of Viseu and a series of works were taken on throughout the city, with the opening of the first square of the city, the ''Rossio''.

In the 19th century, a new Municipal Palace was built in the Rossio, significantly altering the flow of the city, moving it away from the medieval center to newer parts of the city.

==Geography==
[[File:Igreja da Misericórdia de Viseu.jpg|200px|thumb|right|The Church of Mercy or Igreja da Misericórdia.]]
Viseu is approximately {{convert|50|km|0|abbr=on}} East of the Atlantic Ocean. Surrounded by a number of mountains – Leomil, [[Montemuro]], Lapa, Arada, [[Serra da Estrela|Estrela]] and [[Caramulo]] – the tops of which are covered with thick layers of snow in Winter time, the district is crossed by a network of rivers and streamlets.

The city of Viseu has an almost central position in relation to the District lying on the so-called Viseu Plateau (in Portuguese ''Planalto de Viseu''). It is surrounded by a mountainous system constituted to the north by the Leonil, Montemuro, and Lapa hills, to the northeast by the Arado hills, to the south and southeast by the ''[[Serra da Estrela]]'' and the Lousã hills and to the west by the Caramulo hills.

The Municipality is characterized by an irregular surface with altitudes ranging between {{convert|400|and|700|m|abbr=off}}. With rough terrain, it has numerous water courses. These are found in three basins: the Vouga, the [[Rio Dão|Dão]] and the Paiva.

===Climate===
Situated in a zone of transition, the ''[[concelho]]'' (municipality) has several micro-climates. The [[Serra do Caramulo]], located to the west of the city, plays an important role in climatic terms by lessening the influences of the western air masses (although the [[Mondego River]]'s basin makes the penetration easier). Consequently, Viseu's climate is characterized by the existence of high temperature extremes, with cold and wet winters and hot and dry summers.

Viseu has a [[Mediterranean climate]] (''Csb'', bordering ''Csa''),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=591895&cityname=Viseu%2C+Viseu%2C+Portugal&units=|title=Viseu, Portugal Climate Summary|publisher=Weatherbase|access-date=21 March 2015}}</ref> with the 1981–2010 averages indicating it just below the {{convert|22|C|F}} isotherm.<ref name="IPMA">{{cite web|url=http://www.ipma.pt/en/oclima/normais.clima/1981-2010/022/|title=Climate Normals for Viseu 1981-2010|publisher=IPMA|access-date=21 March 2015}}</ref> Its inland position and relative altitude contribute to cooler winters than in coastal areas of the country, with an average of 31 days of frost per year;<ref name=ipma /> regular snowfall, as well as a relatively large [[diurnal temperature variation]] and lower averages than more low-lying inland cities in the central-north area of the country such as [[Castelo Branco, Portugal|Castelo Branco]]. In spite of its inland position, the maritime influence is strong enough for there to be a [[seasonal lag]] resulting in September averaging similar temperatures as June for the 1981–2010 reference period. This also applies to October and May. However, temperatures drop sharply in November, resulting in a smaller lag for the winter season. July and August are the driest and hottest months, with daytime highs averaging {{convert|29.6|C|F}} for both months. Winters are much wetter with an average December precipitation of {{convert|203.4|mm|in|0}}.<ref name="IPMA"/>

{{Weather box
| location = Viseu, 1981-2010 normals and extremes, altitude: {{convert|443|m|abbr=on}}
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 20.7
| Feb record high C = 22.6
| Mar record high C = 27.6
| Apr record high C = 30.3
| May record high C = 33.0
| Jun record high C = 39.0
| Jul record high C = 40.5
| Aug record high C = 40.4
| Sep record high C = 39.6
| Oct record high C = 31.2
| Nov record high C = 27.3
| Dec record high C = 22.5
| year record high C = 40.5
| Jan high C = 11.9
| Feb high C = 13.8
| Mar high C = 16.9
| Apr high C = 17.6
| May high C = 20.6
| Jun high C = 26.2
| Jul high C = 29.6
| Aug high C = 29.6
| Sep high C = 26.1
| Oct high C = 20.1
| Nov high C = 15.1
| Dec high C = 12.7
| year high C = 
| Jan mean C = 7.1
| Feb mean C = 8.6
| Mar mean C = 11.0
| Apr mean C = 11.9
| May mean C = 14.7
| Jun mean C = 19.0
| Jul mean C = 21.7
| Aug mean C = 21.6
| Sep mean C = 19.0
| Oct mean C = 14.7
| Nov mean C = 10.6
| Dec mean C = 8.5
| year mean C = 
| Jan low C = 2.2
| Feb low C = 3.3
| Mar low C = 5.2
| Apr low C = 6.2
| May low C = 8.8
| Jun low C = 11.7
| Jul low C = 13.8
| Aug low C = 13.5
| Sep low C = 11.9
| Oct low C = 9.1
| Nov low C = 6.0
| Dec low C = 4.2
| year low C = 
| Jan record low C = -6.6
| Feb record low C = -7.3
| Mar record low C = -5.4
| Apr record low C = -2.6
| May record low C = -0.5
| Jun record low C = 2.6
| Jul record low C = 5.3
| Aug record low C = 6.0
| Sep record low C = 3.0
| Oct record low C = 0.7
| Nov record low C = -3.5
| Dec record low C = -5.0
| year record low C = 
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 153.2
| Feb precipitation mm = 105.6
| Mar precipitation mm = 79.0
| Apr precipitation mm = 113.6
| May precipitation mm = 103.0
| Jun precipitation mm = 35.2
| Jul precipitation mm = 19.2
| Aug precipitation mm = 17.8
| Sep precipitation mm = 66.0
| Oct precipitation mm = 147.0
| Nov precipitation mm = 155.5
| Dec precipitation mm = 203.4
| year precipitation mm = 
| source 1 = [[Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera]]<ref name="IPMA"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Plano Municipal de Defesa da Floresta Contra Incêndios |url=https://www.cm-mortagua.pt/docs/GTF/PMDFCI_2021_2030_MORTAGUA.pdf |publisher=Mortágua Municipality |access-date=27 September 2021 |archive-date=28 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228191529/https://www.cm-mortagua.pt/docs/GTF/PMDFCI_2021_2030_MORTAGUA.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| source = 
}}

{{Weather box|location = [[Viseu Airport]], 1991-2020 normals and extremes, altitude: {{convert|644|m|abbr=on}}
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 19.5
|Feb record high C = 23.1
|Mar record high C = 25.8
|Apr record high C = 28.3
|May record high C = 33.2
|Jun record high C = 37.6
|Jul record high C = 39.4
|Aug record high C = 40.5
|Sep record high C = 38.6
|Oct record high C = 33.4
|Nov record high C = 23.4
|Dec record high C = 19.8
|year record high C = 40.5

|Jan high C = 10.6
|Feb high C = 12.2
|Mar high C = 15.2
|Apr high C = 16.7
|May high C = 20.1
|Jun high C = 24.3
|Jul high C = 28.0
|Aug high C = 28.3
|Sep high C = 24.6
|Oct high C = 19.0
|Nov high C = 13.4
|Dec high C = 11.2
|year high C = 18.6

|Jan mean C = 7.3
|Feb mean C = 8.3
|Mar mean C = 10.7
|Apr mean C = 12.0
|May mean C = 15.0
|Jun mean C = 18.5
|Jul mean C = 21.3
|Aug mean C = 21.7
|Sep mean C = 19.1
|Oct mean C = 15.0
|Nov mean C = 10.1
|Dec mean C = 8.0
|year mean C = 13.9

|Jan low C = 3.9
|Feb low C = 4.3
|Mar low C = 6.1
|Apr low C = 7.3
|May low C = 9.8
|Jun low C = 12.7
|Jul low C = 14.6
|Aug low C = 15.1
|Sep low C = 13.5
|Oct low C = 10.9
|Nov low C = 6.8
|Dec low C = 4.8
|year low C = 9.2

|Jan record low C = -4.3
|Feb record low C = -4.5
|Mar record low C = -6.8
|Apr record low C = -1.2
|May record low C = 1.8
|Jun record low C = 4.6
|Jul record low C = 7.3
|Aug record low C = 6.9
|Sep record low C = 5.8
|Oct record low C = 0.0
|Nov record low C = -0.9
|Dec record low C = -2.9
|year record low C = -6.8

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 176.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 105.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 79.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 113.6
|May precipitation mm = 103.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 35.2
|Jul precipitation mm = 19.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 17.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 66.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 147.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 155.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 203.4
|year precipitation mm = 1257.7

| unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 11.9
| Feb precipitation days = 9.2
| Mar precipitation days = 9.1
| Apr precipitation days = 11.6
| May precipitation days = 9.7
| Jun precipitation days = 4.7
| Jul precipitation days = 2.3
| Aug precipitation days = 2.8
| Sep precipitation days = 5.5
| Oct precipitation days = 10.9
| Nov precipitation days = 11.9
| Dec precipitation days = 11.9
| year precipitation days = 101.7
|source 1 = [[Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Normal Climatológica – Viseu 1991-2020 |url=https://www.ipma.pt/opencms/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_91-20_VISEU.pdf |publisher=[[IPMA]] |access-date=17 February 2022}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box|location = Viseu, 1971-2000 normals and extremes
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|collapsed = Y
|Jan record high C = 20.0
|Feb record high C = 22.5
|Mar record high C = 27.4
|Apr record high C = 30.3
|May record high C = 33.0
|Jun record high C = 39.0
|Jul record high C = 40.5
|Aug record high C = 40.4
|Sep record high C = 39.6
|Oct record high C = 31.2
|Nov record high C = 24.6
|Dec record high C = 22.5
|year record high C = 40.5
|Jan high C = 11.6
|Feb high C = 13.2
|Mar high C = 15.9
|Apr high C = 17.1
|May high C = 20.2
|Jun high C = 25.4
|Jul high C = 29.2
|Aug high C = 29.2
|Sep high C = 25.9
|Oct high C = 19.8
|Nov high C = 15.0
|Dec high C = 12.4
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = 6.9
|Feb mean C = 8.4
|Mar mean C = 10.3
|Apr mean C = 11.5
|May mean C = 14.3
|Jun mean C = 18.4
|Jul mean C = 21.4
|Aug mean C = 21.1
|Sep mean C = 18.8
|Oct mean C = 14.2
|Nov mean C = 10.2
|Dec mean C = 8.1
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = 2.2
|Feb low C = 3.5
|Mar low C = 4.6
|Apr low C = 6.0
|May low C = 8.5
|Jun low C = 11.5
|Jul low C = 13.5
|Aug low C = 13.0
|Sep low C = 11.7
|Oct low C = 8.5
|Nov low C = 5.3
|Dec low C = 3.8
|year low C = 
|Jan record low C = -6.6
|Feb record low C = -7.3
|Mar record low C = -5.4
|Apr record low C = -3.8
|May record low C = -0.5
|Jun record low C = 2.0
|Jul record low C = 5.3
|Aug record low C = 6.0
|Sep record low C = 2.0
|Oct record low C = -2.8
|Nov record low C = -3.6
|Dec record low C = -5.0
|year record low C = -7.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 155.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 133.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 74.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 105.2
|May precipitation mm = 95.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 46.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 19.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 17.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 57.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 133.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 135.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 195.4
|year precipitation mm = 
|source 1 = [[Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera]]<ref name=ipma>{{cite web|url =https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_71-00_VISEU.pdf|title=Climate Normals - Viseu 1971-2000|publisher=Portuguese Institute of Meteorology|access-date = 29 August 2020}}</ref>
}}

===Human geography===
{{stack|
{{Historical populations
|title = Population of Viseu<br><small>(1801–2024)</small>
|1801 |33699
|1849 |36049
|1900 |54047
|1930 |61140
|1960 |79890
|1981 |83261
|1991 |83601
|2001 |93501
|2011 |99274
|2021 |100237
|2024 |103502
}}
}}
Administratively, the municipality is divided into 25 [[Freguesia (Portugal)|civil parishes]]:<ref>{{cite web|title=Law nr. 11-A/2013, pages 552 141-142|url=http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf |access-date=5 August 2014|author=Diário da República|author-link=Diário da República|language=pt}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Abraveses]]
* Barreiros e Cepões
* Boa Aldeia, Farminhão e Torredeita
* Bodiosa
* [[Calde]]
* Campo
* Cavernães
* Cota
* Couto de Baixo e Couto de Cima
* Faíl e Vila Chã de Sá
* Fragosela
* Lordosa
* Mundão
* Orgens
* Povolide
* Ranhados
* Repeses e São Salvador
* Ribafeita
* Rio de Loba
* Santos Evos 
* São Cipriano e Vil de Souto
* São João de Lourosa
* São Pedro de France
* Silgueiros
* Viseu
{{div col end}}

Due to migration in the 1960s, Viseu suffered a great decline in its population. After the end of the [[Portuguese Colonial War]] (1961–1974), with the return of refugees from the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[Portuguese-speaking African countries|African colonies]] that achieved independence, and resulting economic and demographic growth, starting at the end of the 1970s, the municipality increased its population by about 10 percent, giving it an estimated population of 83,261 people. Afterwards, a stagnation set in, confirmed by the 1991 census which showed a population of 83,601.

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal}}
As of 2023, Viseu is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seara.com |title=Cidades Geminadas |url=https://www.cm-viseu.pt/pt/municipio/cidades-geminadas/ |access-date=2023-03-01 |website=Câmara Municipal de Viseu |language=pt}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|CIV}} [[Abidjan]], Ivory Coast
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Arezzo]], Italy
*{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Campinas]], Brazil
*{{flagicon|STP}} [[Cantagalo District|Cantagalo]], São Tomé and Príncipe
*{{flagicon|POR}} [[Elvas]], Portugal
*{{flagicon|BUL}} [[Haskovo]], Bulgaria
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Lublin]], Poland
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Marly-le-Roi]], France
*{{flagicon|MOZ}} [[Matola]], Mozambique
*{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
*{{flagicon|CPV}} [[São Filipe, Cape Verde (municipality)|São Filipe]], Cape Verde
*{{flagicon|PRC}} [[Taiyuan]], China
{{div col end}}

==Economy==
The city and the region are famous for its wine ([[Dão Wine]]) and the Dão Wine Institute, the ''Solar do Vinho do Dão'' can be found in the city. There is also an annual fair, the ''Feira de São Mateus''. Furthermore, Viseu is also known for local handicrafts which include black pottery, bobbin lace, embroidery, and copper and wrought iron articles. With the good connections to major industrial centers and to the ports of [[Aveiro, Portugal|Aveiro]] and [[Leixões]], several industries have been installed in Viseu. [[Visabeira]], a Portugal-based international conglomerate with interests in telecommunications, construction, industry, tourism, real estate and diversified services is headquartered in the city. Viseu also hosts a central hospital (Hospital of São Teotónio), two shopping & cinema complexes (the ''Fórum'' (2005) and the ''Palácio do Gelo'' (2008)), and numerous hostels and hotels in all categories.

==Transportation==
The city of Viseu has a bus network – MUV – which operates several lines within the entire municipality and a recently installed funicular connecting the lower city with the upper city. The A25 motorway (formerly called IP5) connects Viseu to the seaport of [[Aveiro, Portugal|Aveiro]] and [[Guarda, Portugal|Guarda]] and then on to [[Salamanca]] in Spain. The IP3 and A24, connecting [[Coimbra]] with [[Chaves, Portugal|Chaves]] on the Spanish border, cross Viseu from south to north. Until the nineteen eighties Viseu had railway connections with the coast, but these were closed.

Viseu is now one of the largest cities in Europe without a railway connection. Once it was connected to Aveiro (via the [[Vouga line]], a narrow gauge railway), and [[Santa Comba Dão]] (on the [[Dão line]], another narrow gauge railway), where it had a connection to the Linha da Beira Alta (broad gauge; international). The Dão line closed to passengers in 1988.

The municipality has an airfield – the [[Viseu Airport]] (code VSE) also known as Lobato, parish of Lordosa, Viseu – that offers scheduled commercial flights to some domestic destinations with [[Aero VIP (Portugal)|Aero VIP]].

==Education==
Viseu is the location of the state-run ''[[Instituto Politécnico de Viseu]]'' which has [[higher education]] [[polytechnic (Portugal)|polytechnic]] schools of education, technology and management, and agronomy. The city's political and civic groups have been pressuring the national government to upgrade this school into a [[university]], but its desire was never achieved. However, there are 2 [[private university]] institutions, the ''[[Universidade Católica Portuguesa]]'' and the ''[[Instituto Piaget]]''. Furthermore, since the [[Bologna process]], the difference between universities and polytechnics is less relevant, with the exception of some degrees like medicine, economics or law, that are only awarded in universities.

There are three secondary education (the Portuguese equivalent of High School) establishments:  the ''Escola Secundária de Viriato'', ''Escola Secundária Alves Martins'' and ''Escola Secundária Emídio Navarro''.

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Viseu - Sé 1.jpg|Cathedral of Viseu
File:SJTarouca.jpg|São João da Tarouca convent
File:Viseu - Teatro Viriato (2).jpg|Viriato Theatre, Portugal
File:Viseu - Camara.jpg|Town hall of Viseu
File:ViseuCathedral.jpg|Towers and façade of the Cathedral
File:SeViseuInterior.jpg|Interior of Viseu Cathedral
File:Viseu, Largo do Pintor Gata (5986880129).jpg|Viseu, Portugal
File:Nt-Viseu-Porta dos Cavaleiros.jpg|Remains of the city wall.
File:Inside Igreja da Misericórdia de Viseu.jpg|Altar of Igreja da Misericórdia.
File:Viseu-Vista.jpg|View of Viseu
File:Forum de Viseu.jpg|Viseu's Forum
File:Viseu - Palácio do Gelo - Etages intérieurs.JPG|Palácio do Gelo, Viseu
File:Viseu - Banco de Portugal (2).jpg|Bank of Portugal
File:Visecentro.JPG|Town centre of Viseu
</gallery>

==Notable citizens==
[[File:Batalha-Mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitoria-346-Eduard von Aragon-2011-gje.jpg|140px|thumb|Edward, King of Portugal in Monastery Santa Maria da Vitoria in Batalha]]

* [[Edward, King of Portugal]] (1391–1438), known as ''Duarte'', [[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal]], 1433 to 1438
* [[Grão Vasco|Vasco Fernandes]] (ca.1475 – ca.1542), better known as ''[[Grão Vasco]]'', one of the principal Portuguese [[Renaissance]] painters 
* [[João de Barros]] (ca.1496 – 1570) [[historian]], famous for his ''[[Décadas da Ásia]]'', a history of the Portuguese in [[India]], [[Asia]], and southeast [[Africa]].<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle= Barros, João de | volume= 03 | page = 439 |last1= Prestage |first1= Edgar |author-link= Edgar Prestage |short= 1}}</ref>
* [[Antonio Thomás|Antonio Thomas]] (ca.1520 – 1590s) a marine and [[conquistador]] in service of the Spanish crown. 
* [[Manuel de Almeida]] (1580–1646) member of the [[Society of Jesus]], missionary to India
* [[Beatriz Pinheiro]] (1872–1922) a writer and a pacifist concerned to improve the rights of women.
* [[Judite Teixeira]] (1880-1959) a writer of three books of poetry and a book of short stories
* [[Carlos de Liz-Texeira Branquinho]] (1902–1973) a Portuguese diplomat, saved the lives of 1,000 Jews in Nazi-occupied Hungary
* [[Manuel Maria Carrilho]] (born 1951) a philosopher, academic and politician; Minister of Culture, 1995 to 2000
* [[Álvaro Santos Pereira]] (born 1972) an economist, professor, writer and Govt. minister 2011/2013.

=== Sport ===
[[File:Carlos Lopes2.jpg|thumb|140px|Carlos Lopes, 1985]]
* [[Carlos Lopes]] (born 1947 in Vildemoinhos) a former [[long-distance runner]], won the [[1984 Summer Olympics]] [[Marathon (sport)|marathon]]; the first Portuguese Olympic gold medalist 
* [[Paulo Sousa]] (born 1970) is a former footballer, with 256 club caps and 51 for [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]], later coach for [[ACF Fiorentina]] and the [[Poland national football team]].
* [[Paulo Gomes (footballer, born 4 March 1975)|Paulo Gomes]] (born 1975) a retired footballer with 296 club caps 
* [[Bruno Madeira]] (born 1984) a footballer with over 360 club caps 
* [[Fernando Ferreira (footballer)|Fernando Ferreira]] (born 1986) a footballer with over 330 club caps
* [[Tiago Gonçalves]] (born 1986) a footballer with 247 caps with [[Académico de Viseu F.C.|Académico de Viseu]] 
* [[Fábio Santos (footballer, born 1988)|Fábio Santos]] (born 1988) footballer with over 300 club caps, plays for [[Académico de Viseu F.C.|Académico de Viseu]]
* [[Neide Simões]] (born 1988) a women's football goalkeeper, played 60 times for the [[Portugal women's national football team]] 
* [[Bruno Loureiro]] (born 1989)  a footballer with over 270 club caps, plays for [[Académico de Viseu F.C.|Académico de Viseu]]
* [[André Coelho]] (born 1993) a futsal player with 41 caps with the [[Portugal national futsal team]]
* [[Rui Miguel (footballer, born 1983)|Rui Miguel]] (born 1983) a footballer with over 330 club caps
* [[João Félix]] (born 1999) a football player with [[AC Milan]], with 51 caps for [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]]
*[[António Silva (footballer)|António Silva]], footballer born 2003

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Viseu}}
{{Wikivoyage}}

{{Municipalities of Viseu}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Viseu| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Portugal]]
[[Category:Populated places in Viseu District]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Viseu District]]