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{{Short description|English bishop and politician (died 1547)}}
{{Other people|William Knight}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}

{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = bishop
| name = William Knight
| honorific_suffix = 
| title = [[Bishop of Bath and Wells]]
| image = 
| church = [[Roman Catholic]] / [[Church of England]]
| province = [[Province of Canterbury|Canterbury]]
| diocese = [[Diocese of Bath and Wells|Bath and Wells]]
| term_start = 1541
| term_end = 1547
| predecessor = [[John Clerk (bishop)|John Clerk]]
| successor = [[William Barlow (bishop of Chichester)|William Barlow]]
| ordination = 
| ordained_by = 
| consecration = 29 May 1541
| consecrated_by = 
| birth_date = 1475/76
| birth_place = London, [[Kingdom of England|England]]
| death_date = {{death year and age|1547|1475}}
| death_place = 
| buried = [[Wells Cathedral]]
| residence = [[Bishop's Palace, Wells|Bishop's Palace]]
| previous_post = [[Archdeacon of Huntingdon and Wisbech|Archdeacon of Huntington]]<br> [[Archdeacon of Richmond]]<br> [[Archdeacon of Chester]]
| signature = 
| coat_of_arms = 
| module = {{Infobox officeholder | embed = yes
| office   = [[Secretary of State (England)|King's Clerk]]
| monarch = [[Henry VIII|Henry VII]]
| term_start = 1526
| term_end   = 1528
| predecessor = [[Richard Pace]]
| successor  = [[Stephen Gardiner]]
}}
}}
'''William Knight''' (1475/76&nbsp;– 1547<ref>Richard Clark, [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15738 ‘Knight, William (1475/6–1547)’], ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2005</ref>) was the [[Secretary of State (England)|Secretary of State]] to [[Henry VIII of England]], and [[Bishop of Bath and Wells]].

Knight was sent to Rome in 1527 to try to get Henry's marriage to [[Catherine of Aragon]] annulled.  He rebuilt [[Horton Court]] in Gloucestershire using ideas from Italian architecture.

==Life==
Born in London, he entered [[Winchester School]] as a scholar in 1487, and proceeded in 1491 to [[New College, Oxford]], where he became Fellow in 1493.<ref>[https://www.british-history.ac.uk/alumni-oxon/1500-1714/pp837-867 Alumni Oxonienses 1500-1714, Kandruth-Kyte]</ref> He afterwards proceeded D.C.L. 12 October 1531. In 1495 Knight went to court, where Henry VII made him one of his secretaries. He was frequently employed as an ambassador in the reign of Henry VIII. On 3 June 1512 he went with [[Sir Edward Howard]] to Spain, and, after storms and sickness, reached [[Valladolid]] 18 February 1513. He had received a commission authorising him and John Stile to treat with [[Ferdinand II of Aragon]] about the defence of the church. Knight remained at Valladolid till June 1513.<ref name=DNB>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Knight, William (1476-1547)}}</ref>

On 3 April 1514 he was at [[Mechlin]] on the first of a long series of embassies to the [[Low Countries]]. [[Richard Wingfield]] and Spinelly were with him (18 April), and on 12 June he was at [[The Hague]] with [[Sir Edward Poynings]]. In July he seems to have visited [[Switzerland]]. He received, on 14 July 1514, a grant of arms;<ref>Party per fess or and gules, an eagle with two heads displayed sable; on its breast a demi-rose and a demi-sun conjoined into one, counterchanged of the field.</ref> in the grant he is described as [[prothonotary]].<ref name=DNB/>

In May 1515 Knight is styled chaplain to the king; in the same year he became dean of the collegiate church of Newark, Leicestershire. On 7 May he was appointed ambassador with Sir Edward Poynings to [[Emperor Charles V|Prince Charles]], to renew the league of 9 February 1505. They had a conference with [[Cuthbert Tunstall]], 23 May, at [[Bruges]], and an audience with Charles at [[Bergen-op-Zoom]] on 29 May. He remained in [[Flanders]] during the rest of 1515, and found himself short of money. In February 1516 the treaty had been concluded.<ref name=DNB/>

He probably came to England in 1516, as he was in that year collated to the prebend of Farrendon-cum-Balderton in [[Lincoln Cathedral]]. On 30 December 1516 he was, in company with [[Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester]], again appointed ambassador to the Emperor, and he had an interview with Charles, 22 January 1517. Throughout 1518 he was English representative to [[Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy|Margaret of Austria]] in the Low Countries, and sailed home from [[Calais]] 15 February 1519. As one of Henry's chaplains and [[clerk of the closet]] he was at the [[Field of the Cloth of Gold]] in 1520; and seems to have been made prebendary of Llanvair in [[Bangor Cathedral]] in the same year.<ref name=DNB/>

On 10 June 1520 he was commissioned, with [[Sir Thomas More]], [[John Hussee]], and Hewester, to settle the disputes between the English merchants and the [[Teutonic Hanse]], and went again to the Netherlands. Sir Richard Wingfield, writing from [[Oudenarde]], 28 October 1521, reported that Knight was to take his place as ambassador to the emperor, but it seems that the emperor objected to his low birth, and expressed a preference for [[Robert Wingfield (diplomat)|Sir Robert Wingfield]]. Knight made a journey on diplomatic business into Switzerland in 1522; went on an embassy to the empire respecting the [[wool staple]], and was (11 November) admitted [[archdeacon of Chester]]. In 1523 he concluded with [[Charles III, Duke of Bourbon]] a treaty against France, but was back at Brussels in August. On 11 September 1523 he was appointed [[archdeacon of Huntingdon]]. About August 1526 he became secretary to the king.<ref name=DNB/>

In 1527, though he complained that he was old and losing his sight, Henry decided to send him to Rome to promote his divorce; [[Thomas Wolsey]] thought [[Jerome de Ghinucci]], [[bishop of Worcester]], would have been better suited to the work. On 10 September Knight saw Wolsey at [[Compiègne]], and at his directions went on to [[Venice]] to watch for an opportunity to get access to the captive [[Pope Clement VII]]. He managed to get a safe-conduct through Gambara the prothonotary, but was nearly murdered at [[Monterotundo]] (4 December 1527), and when he entered Rome all he could do was to send in his letters of credence with a note of what the king wished. On 19 December 1527 Knight, while still in Italy, was made canon of Westminster. By the end of December, [[Henry Jerningham]] wrote that the secret of Knight's negotiation had not been well kept, and that the Emperor had written to the pope accordingly. Full instructions were then sent to Knight, with a commission to Wolsey and another, which, if signed by the pope, would have empowered them to settle the divorce. On 1 January 1528 the Pope had been set free, and Knight visited him at [[Orvieto]]. Cardinal St. Quatuor (to whom two thousand crowns were given) had made some alterations in the commission, and the pope signed it. Knight arrived in London in February 1528 and admitted the failure of this embassy.<ref name=DNB/>

He went (13 December 1528) on another mission with William Benet to [[Anne de Montmorency]], to confer about Italian affairs, and was instructed to proceed on again to Rome. On 31 January 1529, however, [[Stephen Gardiner]] joined Knight and Benet at [[Lyon]] and brought new instructions; Knight went back to Paris and acted through March and April with [[John Taylor (Master of the Rolls)|Sir John Taylor]] as ambassador; in June Suffolk and Fitzwilliam were with him. On 30 June 1529, Knight, with Tunstall, More, and Hacket, arranged the [[Treaty of Cambray]]. He was at the convocation of Canterbury of 1529 and was admitted [[archdeacon of Richmond]] on 7 December until 1541.<ref name=DNB/>
<ref>{{cite book |author=Jones, B. |title= Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541: volume 6: Northern province (York, Carlisle and Durham): Archdeacons: Richmond |publisher=Institute for Historical Research |url=http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32516}}</ref>

In February 1532 Hacket and Knight were appointed to treat with the emperor's commissioners about commerce; the embassy did not bear much fruit. Knight held at this time the rectory of [[Romald Kirk]], Yorkshire. On 30 January 1535 Knight was a commissioner for collecting the ecclesiastical tenths, and on 15 October 1537 was present at the christening of Edward VI.<ref name=DNB/>

On 29 May 1541 he was consecrated bishop of Bath and Wells, in succession to [[John Clerk (bishop)|John Clerk]], and he resigned all his other preferments. At Wells [[Thomas Fuller]] relates that he built a market cross with the assistance of Dean Woolman. He died in 1547 at [[Wiveliscombe]], Somerset, and was buried in [[Wells Cathedral]] next to Sugar's Chapel, where a pulpit which he had erected and which bears his arms served as a monument. He was a patron of [[Henry Cole (priest)|Henry Cole]]. When in London Knight lived in a house in Cannon Row, Westminster, afterwards (1536) assigned, in accordance with an act of 27 Henry VIII, to the bishops of Norwich. By his will he left money to Winchester and New Colleges.<ref name=DNB/>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

===Attribution===
{{DNB|wstitle=Knight, William (1476-1547)}}

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{{succession box | title=[[Secretary of State (England)|Secretary of State]] | before=[[Richard Pace]] | after=[[Stephen Gardiner]] | years=1526–1528}}
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{{succession box | title=[[Bishop of Bath and Wells]] | before=[[John Clerk (bishop)|John Clerk]] | after=[[William Barlow (bishop of Chichester)|William Barlow]] | years=1541–1547}}
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{{Bishops of Bath and Wells}}
{{Archdeacons of Huntingdon}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Knight, William}}
[[Category:Secretaries of state of the Kingdom of England]]
[[Category:Bishops of Bath and Wells]]
[[Category:1475 births]]
[[Category:1547 deaths]]
[[Category:Archdeacons of Chester]]
[[Category:Archdeacons of Huntingdon]]
[[Category:Archdeacons of Richmond]]
[[Category:16th-century English Roman Catholic bishops]]