View source for William Nicholson (artist)

{{Short description|British painter, engraver and illustrator (1872–1949)}}
{{Other people|William Nicholson}}
{{use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{use list-defined references|date=April 2013}}
{{Infobox artist
| honorific_prefix = [[Sir]]
| name          = William Nicholson
| image         = William Nicholson 1908.jpg
| image_size    = 
| alt           = a black-and-white portrait photograph of William Nicholson
| caption       = Nicholson photographed in 1908 by [[Alvin Langdon Coburn]]
| birth_name    = William Newzam Prior Nicholson
| birth_date    = {{Birth-date|5 February 1872}}
| birth_place   = [[Newark-on-Trent]], [[Nottinghamshire]], England
| death_date    = {{Death-date and age|16 May 1949|5 February 1872}}
| death_place   = [[Blewbury]], [[Berkshire]] (now [[Oxfordshire]]), England
| nationality   = British
| spouse        = {{plain list|
* {{marriage|[[Mabel Pryde]]|1893|1918|end=died}}
* {{marriage|Edith Stuart-Wortley|1919||end=separated}}
}}
| children      = 5, including [[Ben Nicholson|Ben]], [[Nancy Nicholson|Nancy]] and [[Christopher Nicholson (architect)|Christopher]]
| relatives     = {{unbulleted list|[[Kate Nicholson]] (granddaughter)|[[Simon Nicholson]] (grandson)}}
| field         = Painter of portraits, still-lifes and landscapes; engraver, graphic artist, illustrator
| training      = 
| movement      = 
| works         = 
| patrons       = 
| awards        = 
| elected       = 
| website       = 
| bgcolour      = 
| signature =
}}
[[File:Portrait Study of W.P. Nicholson by James Pryde, 1897.jpg|thumb|Lithograph portrait of Nicholson by [[James Pryde]], published in ''[[The Studio (magazine)|The Studio]]'', December 1897]]

'''Sir William Newzam Prior Nicholson''' (5 February 1872 – 16 May 1949) was a British painter of [[still-life]], [[landscape painting|landscape]] and [[portrait painting|portraits]]. He also worked as a [[printmaker]] in techniques including [[woodcut]], [[wood-engraving]] and [[lithography]], as an [[illustrator]], as an author of [[Children's literature|children's books]] and as a [[Theatre design|designer for the theatre]].

==Life==
William Nicholson was born in [[Newark-on-Trent]] on 5 February 1872, the youngest son of [[William Newzam Nicholson]], an industrialist and Conservative MP of [[Newark (UK Parliament constituency)|Newark]], and his wife Annie Elizabeth Prior, the daughter of Joseph Prior and Elizabeth (''née'' Mallam) of [[Woodstock, Oxon]].<ref name=browse/> From the age of 9 he attended [[Magnus Grammar School]], first as a weekly boarder, later as a day-boy.{{citation needed|date=May 2022}} He had art lessons from the painter, politician and art-master [[William Cubley]] of Newark-on-Trent, who had been a pupil of [[William Beechey|Sir William Beechey]], in turn a pupil of [[Sir Joshua Reynolds]].<ref name=reed/> He was briefly a student at [[Hubert von Herkomer]]'s art school, where he met his future wife [[Mabel Pryde]] (1871–1918), who introduced him to her brother [[James Pryde]] (1866–1941).<ref name=campbell1/> From the autumn of 1891 he attended the [[Académie Julian]] in Paris, but after six months returned to Newark.<ref name=campbell1/><ref name=campbell2/>

In the spring of 1893, Nicholson eloped with Mabel Pryde,<ref name=schwartz/> whom he had by then known for four years; they were married in [[Ruislip]] on 25 April.<ref name=roth/><ref name=bowness/> The couple went to live in what had been a pub, the Eight Bells at [[Denham, Bucks]].<ref name=dnb/> They were soon joined by Mabel's brother James, and not long after by [[Ellen Terry]]'s son [[Edward Gordon Craig]] and his wife May, who had also recently eloped and married. Nicholson received an annual allowance of £150 from his father.<ref name=watts/>

William and Mabel Nicholson had four children: the celebrated painter [[Ben Nicholson|Ben]] (1894–1982); (John) Anthony (1897–1918), who died of wounds in France during the First World War; [[Nancy Nicholson|Annie Mary "Nancy"]] (1899–1978), artist and wife of the poet [[Robert Graves]]; and the architect and designer [[Christopher Nicholson (architect)|Christopher "Kit"]] (1904–1948). Mabel died in July 1918 in the [[1918 flu pandemic|Spanish flu epidemic]], and Anthony died near the end of the war on 5 October 1918 of wounds received in action.<ref name="campbell1" /><ref>{{CWGC|id=290763|name=Nicolson, J A|access-date=15 November 2024}}</ref> The inscription on Nicholson's son's grave reads simply: "TONY". War commemoration artwork produced by Nicholson included ''The Cenotaph (Morning of the Peace Procession)'' (1919).

From about 1910 until he remarried in 1919, Nicholson's housekeeper Marie Laquelle, whose real name was Adèle Marie Schwarz, ''née'' Schiestel, was also his mistress. Nicholson painted her several times, first as ''Carlina'' in 1909; he also painted her daughter Georgette and her second husband Norman Holder.<ref name=campbell2/>

In October 1919, Nicholson married Edith Minnie, daughter of [[Lionel Phillips|Sir Lionel Phillips]], first baronet,<ref>Mosley, Charles, editor, ''Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage'', 107th edition, 3 volumes (Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 3</ref> and widow of Lieutenant-Colonel John Stuart-Wortley (killed in action, 21 March 1918),<ref>{{CWGC|id=1671528|name=Stuart-Wortley, John|access-date=15 November 2024}}</ref> who, under the name Elizabeth Drury, was also a painter.<ref name=hilton/> Nicholson had painted her in the previous year as ''Lady in Grey''.<ref name=bowness/> They had two sons, William and Gavin, and a daughter Liza born in 1920.<ref name=campbell1/> Edie had two children from her previous marriage, and Nancy's daughter Jennie had been born the previous year. Nicholson's books for children all date from the 1920s; around this time he lived at the Old Manor House, [[Sutton Veny]], Wiltshire.<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1183551|desc=Old Manor House|access-date=19 April 2020}}</ref>

From 1935 until his death, Nicholson's companion was the novelist [[Marguerite Steen]]. According to Steen, they met in [[Andalucia]] in May 1935, and by mid-June were living together at Nicholson's [[mews]] studio in Apple Tree Yard, off [[Jermyn Street]]. Nicholson had been separated from Edie for some years, but they remained on good terms; although she promised to give him a divorce, she never did so.<ref name=steen/>

In later life, Nicholson lived at [[Blewbury]] in [[Berkshire]] (now [[Oxfordshire]]) where he died on 16 May 1949.{{r|dnb}}

==Work==

===Graphic work===
{{Main|Beggarstaffs}}
From 1893 to 1898, Nicholson collaborated with his brother-in-law James Pryde on poster design and other graphic work including signboard painting and book illustration. They called themselves the [[Beggarstaffs]], or J. & W. Beggarstaff; in recent times they have been referred to as the Beggarstaff Brothers, although they did not use this name.<ref name=beggars/>

===Book design and illustration===
[[File:William Nicholson, Hawker.jpg|thumb|"Hawker (Kensington)", 1898]]
Nicholson provided illustrations and a cover design for ''An Alphabet by William Nicholson'', ''An Almanac of Twelve Sports by William Nicholson with words by Rudyard Kipling'', and ''London Types'', all three published by [[William Heinemann]] in 1898.<ref>[https://www.lissllewellyn.com/show-2927-w_Artist-William-Nicholson__A_132__r.htm William Nicholson (1872 - 1949): London Types, 1897] at lissllewellyn.com, accessed 5 October 2020</ref> Two years later came ''The Square book of Animals by Sir William Nicholson with Rhymes by Arthur Waugh'' (W. Heinemann, 1900). He also illustrated several of the early books of his son-in-law [[Robert Graves]] and ''[[The Velveteen Rabbit]]'', a book for children by [[Margery Williams]] (1922), and a new edition by Heinemann of [[John Gay]]’s ''[[Polly (opera)|Polly]]'' (1923). He also wrote and illustrated two books of his own for children, ''Clever Bill'' (1926) and ''The Pirate Twins'' (1929), both published by [[Faber & Faber]]. In 1929 he provided illustrations for a new edition of [[Siegfried Sassoon]]’s ''[[Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man]]''.

===Paintings===
[[File:William Newzam Prior Nicholson - Canadian Headquarters Staff.jpg|thumb|''Canadian Headquarters Staff'', 1918 [[Canadian War Museum]], [[:Commons:Category:Beaverbrook Collection of War Art|Beaverbrook Collection of War Art]]]]

From about 1900, Nicholson concentrated on painting, encouraged by [[James Abbott McNeill Whistler|Whistler]]. He first exhibited as a painter at the International Society, of which Whistler was President.

===Work in other fields===
In 1904, he designed the original settings for ''[[Peter and Wendy|Peter Pan]]'', and went on to design other plays and to illustrate several books. He also designed [[stained glass]], notably a memorial window at [[St Andrew's Church, Mells]].{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

=== Teaching ===

Nicholson had a number of pupils, including, in the 1930s, [[Winston Churchill]].<ref name="BBC-b0bg6f43" >{{Cite episode |title=Nicholson |series=''Fake or Fortune?'' |series-link=Fake or Fortune? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b0bg6f43/fake-or-fortune-series-7-1-nicholson |access-date=18 August 2018 |network= [[BBC Television]] |date= 12 August 2018 |series-no=7 |number=1 }}</ref> Churchill wrote that "I think the person who taught me most about painting was William Nicholson".<ref name="Mould">{{cite web |title=Philip Mould {{!}} Historical Portraits {{!}} Winston Churchill {{!}} Sir William Nicholson {{!}} Item Details |url=http://www.historicalportraits.com/Gallery.asp?Page=Item&ItemID=373&Desc=Winston-Churchill-%7C-Sir-William-Nicholson |website=www.historicalportraits.com |access-date=18 August 2018}}</ref>

==Reception==
{{MedalTop}}
{{MedalSport | [[Art competitions at the Summer Olympics|Art competitions]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[1928 Summer Olympics|1928 Amsterdam]] | [[Art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics|Graphic works]]<ref name=official/>}}
{{MedalBottom}}
Nicholson was awarded a gold medal in the graphic works section of the [[Art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics]] in [[Amsterdam]] for his ''Almanach de douze sports 1898'', the French edition of the ''Almanac of Twelve Sports'', published 30 years earlier.<ref name=official/> He was knighted in 1936.<ref name=gazette/>

==Published works==

===As author and illustrator===
* ''An Alphabet''. London: William Heinemann, 1898.
* ''Twelve Portraits''. London: William Heinemann; [New York]: R.H. R[ussell], 1899.
:* ''Douze portraits'' Paris: H. Floury, [1899].
* ''Characters of Romance''. London: William Heinemann, New York: R.H. Russell, 1900.
* ''Twelve Portraits – Second Series''. London: William Heinemann; New York: R.H. Russell, 1902.
* ''Clever Bill''. [London]: William Heinemann, [1926].
* ''The Pirate Twins''. [London]: Faber & Faber, [1929].
* ''The Book of Blokes''. [London]: Faber & Faber, [1929].

===As illustrator===
* ''An Almanac of Twelve Sports''. Verses by Rudyard Kipling, illustrations by William Nicholson. London: William Heinemann, 1897.
:* ''Almanach de douze sports 1898''. Illustrations by William Nicholson, text by Octave Uzanne (Kipling's verses were not used in the French edition). Paris: Société française d'éditions d'art, [1898].
* ''London Types''. Quatorzains by William Ernest Henley, illustrations by William Nicholson. London: William Heinemann; New York: R.H. Russell, 1898.
* ''Tony Drum: a Cockney Boy''. Edwin Pugh, ten coloured plates from designs by the Beggarstaff Brothers (five by Nicholson, five by James Pryde). London: William Heinemann; New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1898.
* [http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.rbc/goudy.19118 ''The Square Book of Animals'']. Rhymes by [[Arthur Waugh]], illustrations by William Nicholson. London: William Heinemann, 1900 (designed 1896, copyright 1899).
* ''Oxford'', Parts I and II, each containing lithographs by William Nicholson, descriptive notes by Arthur Waugh. London: Stafford Gallery, 1905.
* ''The Velveteen Rabbit, or, How Toys Became Real''. Margery Williams, illustrations by William Nicholson. London: William Heinemann, 1922.

==Exhibitions==
The principal exhibitions of William Nicholson include:

{| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|-
! Date !! Gallery !! Catalogue !! Notes
|-
|1903 || [[Stafford Gallery]], London ||''The Works of William Nicholson''<ref name=1903cat/> || first one-man show
|-
|April 1905 || [[Galeries Barbazanges]], Paris ||''Exposition des oeuvres de William Nicholson''<ref name=1905cat/> || 
|-
|1906 || [[W. B. Paterson Gallery]], London ||  || 
|-
|June–July 1910 || [[Chenil Gallery]], London || ''Exhibition of Paintings by William Nicholson: Rottingdean Landscapes and Other Subjects''<ref name=1910cat/> || 
|-
|April–May 1911 || [[Goupil & Cie|Goupil Galleries]], London || ''Oil Paintings by William Nicholson''<ref name=1911cat/> || 
|-
|June–July 1918 || Goupil Galleries, London ||''Still-life etc. by William Nicholson'' <ref name=1918cat/>|| 
|-
|June–July 1927 || [[Beaux Arts Gallery]], London ||''Pictures and Drawings by William Nicholson'' <ref name=1927cat/>|| 
|-
|1930 || Beaux Arts Gallery, London ||  || 
|-
|1933 || [[Nottingham Castle|Castle Museum and Art Gallery]], Nottingham ||  || first retrospective
|-
|May–June 1933 || Beaux Arts Gallery, London ||''Retrospective Exhibition of Paintings by William Nicholson'' <ref name=1933cat/>|| retrospective
|-
|1934 || [[Ulster Museum|City Museum and Art Gallery]], Belfast ||''Loan Exhibition of Paintings and Prints by William Nicholson'' <ref name=1934cata/>|| retrospective
|-
|1934 || [[Leicester Galleries]], London ||''Recent Paintings by William Nicholson'' <ref name=1934cat/>|| 
|-
|1936 || Leicester Galleries, London || ''An Exhibition of Paintings by William Nicholson''<ref name=1936cat/> || 
|-
|1938 || Leicester Galleries, London || ''An Exhibition of Paintings by Sir William Nicholson''<ref name=1938cat/> || 
|-
|1942 || [[National Gallery]], London || ''Exhibition of Paintings by Sir William Nicholson and Jack B. Yeats''<ref name=1942cat/> || retrospective, with [[Jack Yeats]] retrospective
|-
|1943 || Leicester Galleries, London ||  || 
|-
|1945 || [[Roland, Browse and Delbanco]], London || ''Paintings by Sir William Nicholson''<ref name=1945cat/> || 
|-
|1947 || [[Arts Council of Great Britain|Arts Council]], London || ''Sir William Nicholson: Paintings, Woodcuts and Lithographs''<ref name=1947cat/> || 
|-
|1951 || [[Leger Gallery]], London ||  || 
|-
|1951 || Roland, Browse and Delbanco, London ||  || 
|-
|1954 || Roland, Browse and Delbanco, London ||  || 
|-
|1967 || [[Marlborough Fine Art]], London || ''William Nicholson''<ref name=bowness/> || 
|-
|1967 || [[Folio Society]], London || ''Sir William Nicholson: Prints and Drawings''<ref name=1967cat/> || 
|-
|1972 || {{unbulleted list|Roland, Browse and Delbanco, London;|[[Aldeburgh Festival]]}} || ''William Nicholson Centenary Exhibition''<ref name=1972cat/> || 
|-
|1980–81 || {{unbulleted list|Arts Council of Great Britain: |[[Fitzwilliam Museum]], Cambridge; |City Museum and Art Gallery, Stoke-on-Trent; |[[Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery|City Art Gallery]], Bristol; |[[Cartwright Hall]], Bradford}} || ''William Nicholson: Paintings, Drawings and Prints''<ref name=1980cat/> || 
|-
|April–May 1981 || [[Maclean Gallery]] || ''William Nicholson: Woodcuts and Lithographs''<ref name=1981cat/> || 
|-
|1982–83 || {{unbulleted list|[[Galleria d'Arte Moderna, Milan]]|[[Palazzo Venezia]], Rome}} || ''William Nicholson: segno e immagine in un'ottica vittoriana''<ref name=watts/> || 
|-
|1990 || [[Browse & Darby]] || ''William Nicholson, 1872–1949''<ref name=1990cat/> || 
|-
|1995–96 || {{unbulleted list|[[Towner Art Gallery]], Eastbourne; |[[Kettle's Yard]], Cambridge; |Castle Museum and Art Gallery, Nottingham; |Browse & Darby, London}} || ''William Nicholson: Landscape and Still-life''<ref name=1995cat/> || 
|-
|May–July 1998 || Kunsthalle Darmstadt, [[Darmstadt]] || ''William Nicholson, das graphische Werk: 1895–1905''<ref name=1998cat/> || 
|-
|October 2004 – January 2005 || [[Royal Academy of Arts]], London || ''William Nicholson (1872–1949): British Painter and Printmaker''<ref name=campbell2/> || 
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist|45em|refs=

<ref name=1903cat>[s.n.] (1903). ''The Works of William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Stafford Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1905cat>[[Octave Uzanne]] (1905). ''Exposition des oeuvres de William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. Paris: Galeries Barbazanges.</ref>

<ref name=1910cat>[s.n.] (1910). ''Exhibition of Paintings by William Nicholson: Rottingdean Landscapes and Other Subjects'', exhibition catalogue. London: [[Chenil Gallery]].</ref>

<ref name=1911cat>[s.n.] (1911). ''Oil Paintings by William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Goupil Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1918cat>[s.n.] (1918). ''Still-life etc. by William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Goupil Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1927cat>[s.n.] (1927). ''Pictures and Drawings by William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Beaux Arts Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1933cat>[s.n.] (1933). ''Retrospective Exhibition of Paintings by William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Beaux Arts Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1934cat>[s.n.] (1934). ''Recent Paintings by William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Leicester Galleries.</ref>

<ref name=1934cata>[s.n.] (1934). ''Loan Exhibition of Paintings and Prints by William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. Belfast: City of Belfast Museum and Art Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1936cat>[s.n.] (1936). ''An Exhibition of Paintings by William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Leicester Galleries.</ref>

<ref name=1938cat>[s.n.] (1938). ''An Exhibition of Paintings by Sir William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Leicester Galleries.</ref>

<ref name=1942cat>[[Sir Kenneth Clark]] (1942). ''Exhibition of Paintings by Sir William Nicholson and Jack B. Yeats'', exhibition catalogue. London: National Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1945cat>[s.n.] (1945). ''Paintings by Sir William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Roland, Browse and Delbanco.</ref>

<ref name=1947cat>[s.n.] (1947). ''Sir William Nicholson: Paintings, Woodcuts and Lithographs'', exhibition catalogue. London: Arts Council of Great Britain.</ref>

<ref name=1967cat>[s.n.] (1967). ''Sir William Nicholson: Prints and Drawings'', exhibition catalogue. London: Folio Society.</ref>

<ref name=1972cat>[s.n.] (1972). ''William Nicholson, 1872–1949: centenary exhibition'', exhibition catalogue. London: Roland, Browse and Delbanco.</ref>

<ref name=1980cat>[[Duncan Robinson (art historian)|Duncan Robinson]] (1980). ''William Nicholson: Paintings, Drawings and Prints'', exhibition catalogue. [London]: Arts Council of Great Britain. {{isbn|0728702452}}.</ref>

<ref name=1981cat>Elizabeth Cayzer (1981). ''William Nicholson: Woodcuts and Lithographs'', exhibition catalogue. London: Maclean Gallery.</ref>

<ref name=1990cat>[s.n.] (1990). ''William Nicholson, 1872–1949'', exhibition catalogue. London: Browse & Darby.</ref>

<ref name=1995cat>Hilary Lane, Penny Johnson (1995). ''William Nicholson: Landscape and Still-life'', exhibition catalogue. Eastbourne: Towner Art Gallery. {{isbn|1871360080}}.</ref>

<ref name=1998cat>Carola Kleinstück-Schulman, Hermann Kleinstück, Klaus G. Gerhardt (1998). ''William Nicholson, das graphische Werk: 1895–1905'', exhibition catalogue. Darmstadt: Justus von Liebig.</ref>

<ref name=beggars>Colin Campbell (1990). ''The Beggarstaff Posters: The Work of James Pryde and William Nicholson''. London: Barrie & Jenkins, {{isbn|0712620796}}</ref>

<ref name=bowness>[[Alan Bowness]] (1967). ''William Nicholson'', exhibition catalogue. London: Marlborough Fine Art.</ref>

<ref name=browse>[[Lillian Browse]] (1956). ''William Nicholson''. London: Rupert Hart-Davis.</ref>

<ref name=campbell1>Colin Campbell (1992). ''William Nicholson: The Graphic Work''. London: Barrie & Jenkins. {{isbn|071262189X}}.</ref>

<ref name=campbell2>Colin Campbell, [[Merlin James]], Patricia Reed and Sanford Schwartz (2004). ''The Art of William Nicholson''. London: Royal Academy of Arts. {{isbn|1903973449}}.</ref>

<ref name=dnb>Sophie Bowness (2004). [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/35233 Nicholson, Sir William Newzam Prior (1872–1949)]. ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (online edition). Oxford University Press. {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/35233}}.</ref>

<ref name=gazette>[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34296/supplements/3996 Supplement to The London Gazette]. '''34296''':3996. Accessed March 2012.</ref>

<ref name=hilton>Tim Hilton (1996). [https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/the-head-of-the-family-1325054.html "The head of the family"]. ''The Independent'', 21 January 1996.</ref>

<ref name=official>G. van Rossem (ed.), Sydney W. Fleming (trans.) (1928). [http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1928/1928.pdf ''The Ninth Olympiad: Being the Official Report of the Olympic Games of 1928 Celebrated at Amsterdam'']. Amsterdam: J. H. de Bussy, p. 898. Accessed April 2013. (warning: large file)</ref>

<ref name=reed>Patricia Reed (2011). ''William Nicholson: Catalogue raisonné of the Oil Paintings''. London; New Haven: Modern Art Press, Yale University Press. {{isbn|9780300170542}}</ref>

<ref name=roth>John Rothenstein (1984). ''Modern English Painters, Volume One: Sickert to Lowry''. London; Sydney: Macdonald. {{isbn|0-356-10353-6}}. Second revised edition; first published (1952) as ''Modern English Painters: Sickert to Smith'', 2 vols. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. pp. 113–120.</ref>

<ref name=schwartz>Sanford Schwartz (2004). ''William Nicholson''. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art.</ref>

<ref name=steen>Marguerite Steen (1966). ''Looking Glass: An Autobiography by Marguerite Steen''. London: Longmans. pp. 160–181.</ref>

<ref name=watts>Paola Watts (1983). ''William Nicholson: segno e immagine in un'ottica vittoriana'' (in Italian). Roma: Edizioni Quasar di Severino Tognon, for Soprintendenza per i Beni Artistici e Storici di Roma.</ref>

}}

== Further reading ==
* [[Andrew Graham-Dixon]] (29 September 2004). [http://www.andrewgrahamdixon.com/archive/readArticle/242 'William Nicholson by Augustus John'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110913010323/http://www.andrewgrahamdixon.com/archive/readArticle/242 |date=13 September 2011 }} ''Sunday Telegraph'', "In The Picture".
* Helena Moore, Hugh Casson (introduction) (1988). ''The Nicholsons: A Story of Four People and Their Designs: Ben Nicholson, 1894–1982; Nancy Nicholson, 1899–1977; Kit Nicholson, 1904–1948; E.Q. Nicholson, born 1908'', exhibition catalogue. York: York City Art Gallery. {{isbn|9780903281065}}.

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{Art UK bio}}

{{Authority control|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nicholson, William}}
[[Category:British modern artists]]
[[Category:English illustrators]]
[[Category:19th-century English painters]]
[[Category:English male painters]]
[[Category:20th-century English painters]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Olympic gold medalists in art competitions]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing]]
[[Category:Nicholson family (art)|William]]
[[Category:1872 births]]
[[Category:1949 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at Magnus Church of England School]]
[[Category:Académie Julian alumni]]
[[Category:People from Newark-on-Trent]]
[[Category:People from Blewbury]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Art competitors at the 1948 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:20th-century English male artists]]
[[Category:19th-century English male artists]]
[[Category:Alumni of Herkomer's Art School, Bushey]]